阅读说明：本技术 一种保温板材用气凝胶复合泡沫芯材及其制备方法 (Aerogel composite foam core material for insulation board and preparation method thereof ) 是由 姚栋嘉 董会娜 吕多军 刘喜宗 吴恒 张东生 杨超 李静 冯婷 于 2019-09-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于轻质聚合物基复合材料技术领域,公开一种保温板材用气凝胶复合泡沫芯材及其制备方法。所述保温板材用气凝胶复合泡沫芯材由二氧化硅气凝胶毡及与其一体成型的泡沫层组成。步骤如下：按重量份计,称取以下各种物料：液体环氧树脂100份、可膨胀微球发泡剂10-15份、固化剂60-150份、促进剂0-3份、偶联剂0-5份,将上述物料混合均匀,得到可发泡预浸料；将二氧化硅气凝胶毡浸渍于可发泡预浸料中；浸渍完成后取出二氧化硅气凝胶毡,进行热压固化成型,即得。本发明制备得到的复合泡沫芯材同时结合泡沫良好的力学性能和气凝胶毡优异的隔热保温特性。(The invention belongs to the technical field of light polymer matrix composite materials, and discloses an aerogel composite foam core material for a heat insulation board and a preparation method thereof. The aerogel composite foam core material for the heat insulation board consists of a silicon dioxide aerogel felt and a foam layer integrally formed with the silicon dioxide aerogel felt. The method comprises the following steps: weighing the following materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of liquid epoxy resin, 10-15 parts of expandable microsphere foaming agent, 60-150 parts of curing agent, 0-3 parts of accelerator and 0-5 parts of coupling agent, and uniformly mixing the materials to obtain a foamable prepreg; impregnating a silica aerogel felt into a foamable prepreg; and taking out the silica aerogel felt after the impregnation is finished, and carrying out hot-pressing curing molding to obtain the silica aerogel felt. The composite foam core material prepared by the invention combines the good mechanical property of foam and the excellent heat insulation and preservation property of aerogel felt.)

1. The utility model provides a aerogel composite foam core for heated board material which characterized in that: the aerogel composite foam core material for the heat insulation board consists of a silicon dioxide aerogel felt and a foam layer integrally formed with the silicon dioxide aerogel felt.

2. The preparation method of the aerogel composite foam core material for the insulation board according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) weighing the following materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of liquid epoxy resin, 10-15 parts of expandable microsphere foaming agent, 20-180 parts of curing agent, 0-3 parts of accelerator and 0-5 parts of coupling agent, and uniformly mixing the materials to obtain a foamable prepreg;

(2) soaking a silica aerogel felt into the foamable prepreg obtained in the step (1);

(3) and after the impregnation is finished, taking out the silica aerogel felt, putting the silica aerogel felt into a mould, and performing hot-pressing curing molding to obtain the aerogel composite foam core material for the heat-insulation board.

3. The method for preparing the aerogel composite foam core material for the insulation board according to claim 2, characterized by comprising the following steps: the liquid epoxy resin is one or a mixture of two of epoxy resin E51 and epoxy resin E44.

4. The method for preparing the aerogel composite foam core material for the insulation board according to claim 2, characterized by comprising the following steps: the diameter of the expandable microsphere foaming agent is 20-80 μm.

5. The method for preparing the aerogel composite foam core material for the insulation board according to claim 2, characterized by comprising the following steps: the curing agent is 593 curing agent, methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride, dicyandiamide, imidazole, methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, dodecenyl succinic anhydride, triethylene diamine, or mixture of more than two of triethylene tetramine.

6. The method for preparing the aerogel composite foam core material for the insulation board according to claim 2, characterized by comprising the following steps: the promoter is 2,4, 6-tri (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol.

7. The method for preparing the aerogel composite foam core material for the insulation board according to claim 2, characterized by comprising the following steps: the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent.

8. The method for preparing the aerogel composite foam core material for the insulation board according to claim 2, characterized by comprising the following steps: the pressure is 0.5-1 Mpa, the temperature is 100-110 ℃, and the time is 10-15 min.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of light polymer matrix composite materials, and particularly relates to an aerogel composite foam core material for a heat insulation board and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The composite material sandwich structure can reduce the cost of the composite material, reduce the weight and increase the section inertia moment of the skin, thereby improving the bending rigidity of the structure. In the composite material sandwich structure, a skin material with high strength and high modulus is composed of continuous fibers/resin and mainly bears in-plane load and bending load; the relatively thick lightweight foam core material is primarily subjected to out-of-plane shear loads. The common sandwich materials mainly comprise honeycomb structures, light foaming type foams, composite foams and the like.

Thin-layer sandwich composite materials have been widely used in the fields of electronic communication equipment and automobiles, and they generally need to satisfy three conditions: low density, thin thickness and strong bending resistance. The most fragile part of the sandwich composite material structure is a core material, and two common damage modes are mainly adopted, namely shear failure caused by insufficient shear strength and debonding of a skin and the core material due to impact action or moisture immersion. The closed-cell foam structure not only can improve the foam strength, but also can greatly reduce the damage to the material caused by the moisture immersion. At present, the most commonly used closed-cell composite foam is Polymethacrylimide (PMI) foam which is a foam material with superior comprehensive performance, has higher strength and modulus compared with other foam materials, has good heat resistance and fatigue resistance, and is widely applied to the high-tech fields of aviation, aerospace, railway locomotives, ships and the like. However, the PMI foam process is difficult to control, has high cost and is only applied to specific fields. In order to meet the application requirements of thin-layer composite materials, the development of a composite foam preparation method with low cost, high performance and convenient operation is necessary to promote the rapid development of the industry.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems that the process of the conventional PMI foam core material is difficult to control and the production cost is high, the invention aims to provide an aerogel composite foam core material for a heat insulation board and a preparation method thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the aerogel composite foam core material for the heat insulation board consists of a silicon dioxide aerogel felt and a foam layer integrally formed with the silicon dioxide aerogel felt.

The preparation method of the aerogel composite foam core material for the heat-insulation board comprises the following steps:

(1) weighing the following materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of liquid epoxy resin, 10-15 parts of expandable microsphere foaming agent, 20-180 parts of curing agent, 0-3 parts of accelerator and 0-5 parts of coupling agent, and uniformly mixing the materials to obtain a foamable prepreg;

(2) soaking a silica aerogel felt into the foamable prepreg obtained in the step (1);

(3) and after the impregnation is finished, taking out the silica aerogel felt, putting the silica aerogel felt into a mould, and performing hot-pressing curing molding to obtain the aerogel composite foam core material for the heat-insulation board.

Preferably, the liquid epoxy resin is one or a mixture of two of epoxy resin E51 and epoxy resin E44.

Preferably, the expandable microsphere foaming agent has a diameter of 20 to 80 μm.

Preferably, the curing agent is one or a mixture of more than two of 593 curing agents, methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride, dicyandiamide, imidazoles, methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, dodecenyl succinic anhydride, triethylene diamine and triethylene tetramine.

Preferably, the accelerator is 2,4, 6-tris (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol.

Preferably, the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent.

Preferably, the pressure is 0.5-1 Mpa, the temperature is 100-110 ℃, and the time is 10-15 min.

Has the advantages that:

1. the invention provides an aerogel composite foam core material for a heat insulation board and a preparation method thereof, wherein foamable prepreg is cured and molded on the surface of a silica aerogel felt, and foam is equivalent to a layer of packaging material coated on the surface of the aerogel felt, so that the problem of aerogel powder falling is well solved;

2. the composite foam core material is integrally formed by curing, compared with the traditional PMI foam, the composite foam core material is simple in preparation process, convenient to operate and low in cost, the prepared composite foam core material has low density, excellent compressive strength and good heat insulation and preservation characteristics, and the thickness of the core material is controllable;

3. the composite foam core material prepared by the invention is simultaneously combined with good mechanical property of foam and excellent heat insulation and preservation characteristics of aerogel felt, and the prepared composite foam core material can be combined with fiber felt, metal plates, stone plates and the like to obtain a heat preservation plate with excellent performance at a later stage, so that the composite foam core material can be applied to the fields of aerospace, building railway locomotives, ships and the like on a large scale.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail and clearly in the following with reference to specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.