阅读说明：本技术 一种晶体硫酸锌镁肥及其生产方法 (Crystal zinc sulfate magnesium fertilizer and production method thereof ) 是由 赵武峰 冯朝雨 夏念常 李�瑞 于 2019-12-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种晶体硫酸锌镁肥及其生产方法,由氧化镁粉1份、硫酸2.3-3份、硫酸锌0.08-0.14份、水1.18-2.05份制备而成,制备方法包括反应、过滤、溶解、降温结晶、过滤、烘干、冷却、包装等步骤；本发明的优点在于：利用反应热溶解硫酸锌,不需要加热,节省能源,另外硫酸锌溶解过程吸收热量,减少降温水用量。生成含锌和镁两种元素的单一晶体,质量稳定。(The invention discloses a crystal zinc sulfate magnesium fertilizer and a production method thereof, wherein the crystal zinc sulfate magnesium fertilizer is prepared from 1 part of magnesium oxide powder, 2.3-3 parts of sulfuric acid, 0.08-0.14 part of zinc sulfate and 1.18-2.05 parts of water, and the preparation method comprises the steps of reaction, filtration, dissolution, cooling crystallization, filtration, drying, cooling, packaging and the like; the invention has the advantages that: the reaction heat is utilized to dissolve the zinc sulfate, heating is not needed, energy is saved, in addition, the zinc sulfate dissolving process absorbs heat, and the amount of cooling water is reduced. Single crystal containing zinc and magnesium is generated, and the quality is stable.)

1. The crystal zinc sulfate magnesium fertilizer is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

1 part of magnesium oxide powder, 2.3-3 parts of sulfuric acid, 0.08-0.14 part of zinc sulfate and 1.18-2.05 parts of water.

2. The crystal zinc sulfate magnesium fertilizer of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the weight ratio of the magnesium oxide to the sulfuric acid is 1:2.3-3, and the mass percentage concentration of the sulfuric acid is 80-98%.

3. The crystal zinc sulfate magnesium fertilizer of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the magnesium sulfate is zinc sulfate monohydrate or zinc sulfate heptahydrate.

4. A crystalline zinc sulphate magnesium fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 3 characterised by the following steps:

(1) reaction: adding 1.18-2.05 parts of water into a reactor with a stirring device, adding magnesium oxide powder under a stirring state, then adding sulfuric acid for reaction, controlling the reaction time to be 3-6 hours, controlling the temperature to be 80-90 ℃, and when the pH value is 5-7, reaching the end point of the reaction;

(2) and (3) filtering: then filtering through a plate-and-frame filter press to obtain filtrate;

(3) dissolving: the filtrate enters a dissolving tank, zinc sulfate is added, the amount of the zinc sulfate is 17.5-35% of that of the magnesium sulfate, and the zinc sulfate is dissolved by utilizing reaction heat;

(4) cooling and crystallizing: cooling with boiled cooling water to below 40 deg.C after dissolving completely;

(5) and (3) filtering: when the temperature reaches below 40 ℃, performing solid-liquid separation by a centrifuge with the inner diameter of a centrifuge drum of 438-;

(6) drying: conveying the solid obtained after filtering and separating in the step (5) to a rotary drying cylinder with the diameter of 800-;

(7) cooling and packaging: and drying, cooling, and packaging to normal temperature to obtain the crystal zinc sulfate magnesium fertilizer with the zinc sulfate content of 10-22%.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a fertilizer, in particular to a crystal zinc sulfate magnesium fertilizer and a production method thereof, belonging to the field of fertilizers.

Background

At present, trace elements in the agricultural fertilizer are generally directly added into a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium macroelement fertilizer, and the utilization rate of zinc is low due to the antagonistic action of the trace elements zinc and phosphorus. The magnesium deficiency phenomenon is easy to occur on sandy soil, acid soil and soil with high K + and NH4 +. After the soil is subjected to potassium application in a large scale, the soil is further caused to have insufficient magnesium supply, potassium and magnesium in the soil have mutual restriction, and magnesium serving as a medium element is generally used as a fertilizer filler and cannot be used specifically for soil lacking magnesium.

The growth and yield of crops are improved, not only are nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium major elements necessary, but also medium elements and trace elements are necessary for the crops, and once the medium elements and the trace elements are deficient, the growth of the crops is affected. The zinc element is one of essential trace elements in the growth process of crops, the zinc participates in the photosynthesis of plants, the metabolism of protein, the synthesis of auxin, the inhibition of buds and stems during the zinc deficiency, the stop of growth and development, the short and small plant types, the small and deformed leaves, the short cluster (rosette branches), the bald and short top of the fruit cluster, the small and thick peel of the fruit, the low yield, the poor quality and other physiological diseases.

Magnesium is one of the main components constituting chlorophyll in plants, and its main function is as a central atom of the porphyrin ring of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, playing an important role in chlorophyll synthesis and photosynthesis. Another important physiological function is as a bridging element for the connection of ribosome subunits, which can ensure the stable structure of the ribosome and provide a place for the synthesis of protein. Magnesium is more effective than other ions (such as manganese) in activating phosphokinase. When the plant is lack of magnesium, the plant is highlighted by the reduction of chlorophyll content and the chlorosis is. The plants are short and grow slowly. In severe magnesium deficiency, the leaves are discolored and streaked, with necrotic spots especially typical at the tip of the blade.

Therefore, the research on the water-soluble zinc-magnesium fertilizer has important significance for improving soil, quickly promoting the growth of crops, promoting the respiration of plant cells, promoting the formation of auxin, promoting the photosynthesis of plants and improving the disease resistance of crops.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to design a crystal zinc sulfate magnesium fertilizer and a production method thereof, which dissolve zinc sulfate by utilizing reaction heat without heating, save energy, absorb heat in the zinc sulfate dissolving process and reduce the consumption of cooling water. Single crystal containing zinc and magnesium is generated, and the quality is stable.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the crystal zinc sulfate magnesium fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

1 part of magnesium oxide powder, 2.3-3 parts of sulfuric acid, 0.08-0.14 part of zinc sulfate and 1.18-2.05 parts of water;

the weight ratio of the magnesium oxide to the sulfuric acid is 1:2.3-3, and the mass percentage concentration of the sulfuric acid is 80-98%.

The magnesium sulfate is zinc sulfate monohydrate or zinc sulfate heptahydrate.

The production method of the crystal zinc sulfate magnesium fertilizer comprises the following steps:

(1) reaction: adding 1.18-2.05 parts of water into a reactor with a stirring device, adding magnesium oxide powder under a stirring state, then adding sulfuric acid for reaction, wherein the ratio of magnesium oxide to sulfuric acid is 1:2.3-3 (depending on the concentration of the sulfuric acid), the reaction time is controlled to be 3-6 hours, the temperature reaches 80-90 ℃, and the reaction reaches the end point when the pH value is 5-7;

(2) and (3) filtering: then filtering through a plate-and-frame filter press, wherein the area of a filter chamber is 15-30 square meters, and obtaining filtrate;

(3) dissolving: the filtrate enters a dissolving tank, zinc sulfate is added, the amount of the zinc sulfate is 17.5-35% of that of the magnesium sulfate, and the zinc sulfate is dissolved by utilizing reaction heat;

(4) cooling and crystallizing: cooling with boiled cooling water to below 40 deg.C after dissolving completely;

(5) and (3) filtering: when the temperature reaches below 40 ℃, performing solid-liquid separation by a centrifuge with the inner diameter of a centrifuge drum of 438-;

(6) drying: conveying the solid obtained after filtering and separating in the step (5) to a rotary drying cylinder with the diameter of 800-;

(7) cooling and packaging: and drying, cooling, and packaging to normal temperature to obtain the crystal zinc sulfate magnesium fertilizer with the zinc sulfate content of 10-22%.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the reaction heat is utilized to dissolve the zinc sulfate, heating is not needed, energy is saved, in addition, the zinc sulfate dissolving process absorbs heat, and the amount of cooling water is reduced. Single crystal containing zinc and magnesium is generated, and the quality is stable.

The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided for the purpose of illustration and description, and is in no way intended to limit the invention.

Example 1

2250kg of water is added into a reactor, 1100kg of magnesium oxide powder is added under stirring, 2990kg of 93% sulfuric acid is added for reaction, the reaction time is controlled to be 4 hours, the temperature is controlled to be 80-90 ℃, and the reaction reaches the end point when the pH is 5-7. Then filtering by a filter press, putting the filtrate into a dissolving tank, adding 160kg of zinc sulfate heptahydrate for dissolving, cooling by cooling water after complete dissolution, performing solid-liquid separation by a centrifuge when the temperature is below 40 ℃, conveying the solid to a dryer for drying, cooling and packaging to obtain 5200kg of crystal zinc sulfate magnesium fertilizer product with zinc sulfate content of 21.3%.

Example 2

1300kg of water and 950kg of mother liquor are added into a reactor, 1100kg of magnesium oxide powder is added under the stirring state, 2990kg of 93 percent sulfuric acid is added for reaction, the reaction time is controlled to be 5 hours, the temperature is 80-90 ℃, and the reaction reaches the end point when the pH is 5-7. Then filtering by a filter press, putting the filtrate into a dissolving tank, adding 145kg of zinc sulfate heptahydrate for dissolving, cooling by cooling water after complete dissolution, performing solid-liquid separation by a centrifuge when the temperature is below 40 ℃, conveying the solid to a dryer for drying, cooling and packaging to obtain 5330kg of crystal zinc sulfate magnesium fertilizer product with zinc sulfate content of 21.4%.

Example 3

1500kg of water and 950kg of mother liquor are added into a reactor, 1100kg of magnesium oxide powder is added under the stirring state, 2830kg of 98 percent sulfuric acid is added for reaction, the reaction time is controlled to be 3.5 hours, the temperature is 80-90 ℃, and the reaction reaches the end point when the pH is 5-7. Then filtering by a filter press, adding the filtrate into a dissolving tank, adding 84.9kg of zinc sulfate monohydrate for dissolving, cooling by cooling water after complete dissolution, performing solid-liquid separation by a centrifugal machine when the temperature reaches below 40 ℃, conveying the solid to a dryer for drying, cooling and packaging to obtain 5350kg of crystal zinc sulfate magnesium fertilizer product with the zinc sulfate content of 21.4 percent.

Example 4

1500kg of water and 950kg of mother liquor are added into a reactor, 1100kg of magnesium oxide powder is added under the stirring state, 2830kg of 98 percent sulfuric acid is added for reaction, the reaction time is controlled to be 5 hours, the temperature is controlled to be 80-90 ℃, and when the pH is 5-7, the reaction reaches the end point. Then filtering by a filter press, putting the filtrate into a dissolving tank, adding 85kg of zinc sulfate heptahydrate for dissolving, cooling by cooling water after complete dissolution, performing solid-liquid separation by a centrifuge when the temperature is below 40 ℃, conveying the solid to a dryer for drying, cooling and packaging to obtain 5340kg of crystal zinc sulfate magnesium fertilizer product with the zinc sulfate content of 11.6 percent.

The zinc sulfate magnesium fertilizer can quickly promote the growth of crops, promote the respiration of plant cells, promote the formation of auxin and promote the photosynthesis of plants. Improving the disease resistance of crops, resisting the lobular disease, and having obvious effects of preventing and treating the white seedling of the maize zinc deficiency and the lobular disease of fruit trees. Is especially suitable for corn, rice, beet, soybean, kidney bean, orange, pear, peach, tomato and other crops.

Test examples

And performing field plot tests on the product according to the requirements of the technical specification of the fertilizer effect identification field test of the standard NY/T497-2002.

Firstly, test execution time: between 4 months in 2018 and 10 months in 2018.

Test execution site: in the akkuki village 1 group, farmers, in akkusu area of Xinjiang: there are 6 mu cotton fields, Nuoerljiang, bubuyi. The dry and dry solar energy water heater is located in the suburb of Aksu city in Xinjiang, belongs to continental climate with warm temperature zone, has dry air, less cloud cover, more sunny days, has the annual average sunshine hours of 2809 hours, the annual average temperature of 10.8 ℃, the annual average temperature of more than or equal to 10 ℃, the stable accumulated temperature of 3953 ℃, longer frost-free period, the annual average precipitation of 80.4 mm in 190-251 days generally, and the annual evaporation of 1643-2202 mm is 27 times of the annual precipitation.

Conditions of soil to be tested

The test soil is sandy loam, has even fertility, smooth topography and convenient irrigation, and the soil nutrient condition before the test is as follows: 10.4g/kg of organic matters, 40.1mg/kg of alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, 10.5mg/kg of available phosphorus and 157.6mg/kg of quick-acting potassium.

Test work: cotton, variety: and a middle cotton 42.

Fertilizer to be tested: the zinc sulfate magnesium fertilizer product of the invention has the following dosage forms: crystal, technical index: water-soluble magnesium (calculated by Mg) is more than or equal to 8.0 percent, water-soluble zinc (calculated by Zn) is more than or equal to 2.0 percent, water-soluble sulfur (calculated by S) is more than or equal to 12.0 percent, free water is less than or equal to 6.0 percent, water-insoluble substances are less than or equal to 1.0 percent, pH (1:250 times dilution) is 3-7, and the limit indexes are as follows: chromium is less than or equal to 50mg/kg, cadmium is less than or equal to 10mg/kg, mercury is less than or equal to 5mg/kg, lead is less than or equal to 50mg/kg, and arsenic is less than or equal to 10 mg/kg.

Second, test treatment

The test is carried out by A, B, C treatments, wherein the treatment A is the zinc sulfate magnesium fertilizer, the treatment B is a conventional control, and the treatment C is a clear water control. The cell area was 40 square meters (5 meters by 8 meters), repeated 3 times, and arranged in random blocks. Isolation zones are arranged between each cell, and protection rows are arranged around the isolation zones.

Application method and amount

And (3) treatment A: 30 kg/mu of diammonium phosphate, 10 kg/mu of potassium sulfate and 10 kg/mu of urea are used as base fertilizers, and ploughing and broadcasting are combined before sowing; the zinc sulfate magnesium fertilizer for test is applied with 25 kg per mu as additional fertilizer, and is applied with water when the first water, the second water and the third water are used, and the dosage is respectively 10 kg/mu, 10 kg/mu and 5 kg/mu.

And (B) treatment: 30 kg/mu of diammonium phosphate, 10 kg/mu of potassium sulfate and 10 kg/mu of urea are used as base fertilizers, and ploughing and broadcasting are combined before sowing; the urea is applied for additional manuring by 25 kg per mu, and is applied along with water when the first water, the second water and the third water are sprayed, and the dosage is respectively 10 kg/mu, 10 kg/mu and 5 kg/mu.

And C, treatment: 30 kg/mu of diammonium phosphate, 10 kg/mu of potassium sulfate and 10 kg/mu of urea are used as base fertilizers, and ploughing and broadcasting are combined before sowing; no additional fertilizer is applied, and the same amount of clear water is added at the same time as the treatment A.

Third, field management

The test field was subjected to winter irrigation 12, 10 days in 2017. Plowing is carried out in 2018 in 4 and 2 days, base fertilizer is spread before plowing, soil is prepared in 3 days in 4 months, acetochlor with the amount of 120 g/mu is sprayed to control weeds in each mu after soil preparation, seeding is carried out in 4 days in 4 months, and seedlings emerge before and 10 days in 4 months. Cultivating for three times in the whole growth period, wherein the cultivation period is 4 months and 7 days, 4 months and 22 days, and 5 months and 6 days. Buds begin to emerge in 12 days 5 months, flowers in 8 days 6 months, and boll opening occurs in 23 days 8 months. The whole growth period is controlled for 4 times, and mepiquat chloride is used for 0.3 g, 1 g, 3 g and 10 g per mu in 15 days of 4 months, 12 days of 5 months, 15 days of 6 months and 11 days of 7 months respectively. Topping up in 10 days after 7 months, irrigating for 6 times in the whole growth period (6 days after 6 months, 19 days after 6 months, 10 days after 7 months, 21 days after 7 months, 9 days after 8 months and 20 days after 8 months), performing single-row single irrigation during irrigation, performing single-row single harvest during harvesting, and finishing the farming operation in each cell in one day.

Fourth, results and analysis

4.1 Effect of different treatments on Cotton yield constitutive factors

From table 1, it can be seen that: the treatment A with the macroelement water-soluble fertilizer is best in terms of the plant height, the effective fruit branch number, the single plant boll number and the single boll weight of cotton. The effective fruit branch number of the treatment A is respectively 0.2 more and 0.4 more than that of the treatment B and the treatment C; the number of the bolls of each plant is respectively 0.3 and 0.6; the single bell weight increases by 0.1 grams and 0.3 grams.

TABLE 1 results of different treatments of field survey and seed test

4.2 Effect of different treatments on Cotton yield

The yield of the cotton is increased by 31.6 kg and 7.5% compared with the conventional control treatment B; compared with the clear water control, the yield is increased by 70.2 kg and 18.4 percent.

4.3 data statistics and analysis

As can be seen from Table 3: inter-block F value =0.25, F_0.05=6.94，F_0.01=18.0，F_{Value of}＜F_0.05The difference between the blocks is not obvious; inter-treatment F value =300.06, F_0.05=6.94，F_0.01=18.0, F value ≧ F_0.01This indicates that the difference between treatments is extremely significant.

The multiple comparison results in table 4 show that the differences between treatment a and treatment B and treatment C reach very significant levels, which indicates that the zinc magnesium sulfate fertilizer has obvious yield increasing effect when used on cotton.

4.4 economic benefit analysis

As can be seen from Table 5, compared with B, C, the increase in yield per mu of treatment A using the zinc-magnesium sulfate fertilizer of the invention is 161.65 yuan and 366.3 yuan, respectively, and the economic benefit is obvious.

Note: 3.2 yuan/kg of diammonium phosphate, 1.85 yuan/kg of urea, 2.8 yuan/kg of potassium sulfate, 3.6 yuan/kg of zinc sulfate magnesium fertilizer and 6.5 yuan/kg of cotton.

Fifth, conclusion

5.1 compared with conventional treatment and clear water control, the treatment A applying the zinc sulfate magnesium fertilizer can increase the height of cotton plants, increase the number of effective fruit branches, increase the number of bolls of a single plant and increase the weight of a single boll.

5.2 the application of the zinc sulfate magnesium fertilizer can increase the yield and income. Compared with the treatment B and the treatment C, the treatment A respectively increases the yield of the seed cotton by 31.6 kg/mu and 70.2 kg/mu, and the yield increase rate is 7.5 percent and 18.4 percent respectively; the income per mu is respectively increased by 161.65 yuan and 366.3 yuan, and the economic benefit is obvious.