Fluid valve
阅读说明:本技术 流体阀 (Fluid valve ) 是由 塞德里克·弗里皮亚特 简-克里斯汀·博玛尔 尼古拉斯·保罗 于 2016-08-01 设计创作,主要内容包括:本发明涉及用于航空器设备中的液压回路的流体阀(50),包括:阀体(20),阀体包括一个入口(22)、两个出口(23)和具有外部压力源的连通通路(21;25);电磁线圈致动器(40),电磁线圈致动器位于阀体(20)中并且包括可移动的铁磁性操控部(41);阀构件(5),阀构件可在阀体(20)内部移动,以至少部分地阻塞所述入口(22)与两个出口(23)中的一个之间的通道,阀构件(5)至少部分地限定了第一腔室(1)和第二腔室(2);固定限制部(30),固定限制部位于所述连通通路(21;25)中,使得所述可移动的操控部(41)的位移引起所述第一腔室(1)与第二腔室(2)中的一个中的压力变化,以产生用于移动所述阀构件(5)的力。(The invention relates to a fluid valve (50) for a hydraulic circuit in an aircraft device, comprising: a valve body (20) comprising an inlet (22), two outlets (23) and a communication passage (21; 25) with an external pressure source; a solenoid actuator (40) located in the valve body (20) and comprising a movable ferromagnetic manipulation part (41); a valve member (5) movable inside the valve body (20) to at least partially block the passage between said inlet (22) and one of the two outlets (23), the valve member (5) at least partially defining a first chamber (1) and a second chamber (2); a fixed restriction (30) in the communication passage (21; 25) such that displacement of the movable manipulation part (41) causes a pressure change in one of the first and second chambers (1, 2) to generate a force for moving the valve member (5).)
1. Fluid valve (50) for a hydraulic circuit in a piece of aircraft equipment, comprising:
-a hollow valve body (20) comprising one inlet (22), two outlets (23) and a communication passage (21; 25) with an external pressure source;
-a solenoid actuator (40) located in a cavity of the hollow valve body (20) and comprising a movable ferromagnetic manipulation part (41);
-a valve member (5) movable inside the valve body (20) to at least partially block the passage between the inlet (22) and one of the two outlets (23), the valve member (5) at least partially defining a first chamber (1) and a second chamber (2) located on either side of the valve member (5) in the cavity of the valve body (20);
-a fixed restriction (30) in the communication passage (21; 25) such that displacement of the movable ferromagnetic manipulation part (41) causes a pressure change in one of the first and second chambers (1, 2) to generate a force for moving the valve member (5) to change the flow rate of the fluid between the inlet (22) and the two outlets (23).
2. The fluid valve (50) of claim 1,
-the valve body (20) comprises two communication passages (21; 25), each of which is capable of ensuring a fluid connection between the cavity of the valve body (20) and an external pressure source, and,
-the fluid valve (50) comprises a fixed restriction (30) in each communication passage (21; 25) such that displacement of the movable ferromagnetic manipulation part (41) causes a pressure change in each of the first chamber (1) and the second chamber (2) to generate a displacement force on the valve member (5) to vary the flow rate of fluid between the inlet (22) and the two outlets (23).
3. The fluid valve (50) of claim 1 or 2, wherein the fluid valve is configured to: the displacement of the movable ferromagnetic manipulation part (41) causes a pressure change to generate a force on the movable ferromagnetic manipulation part (41) in a direction opposite to the displacement.
4. The fluid valve (50) of claim 1 or 2, wherein the cavity of the hollow valve body (20) comprises a chamber (100) containing:
-the electromagnetic coil actuator (40), and
-a communication passage having a reference pressure,
so that: a constant pressure can be generated at the movable ferromagnetic manipulator (41) regardless of the position of the movable ferromagnetic manipulator.
5. Fluid valve (50) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fixed restriction (30) comprises a passage between the movable ferromagnetic manipulation part (41) and a cylindrical wall surrounding the movable ferromagnetic manipulation part.
6. A fluid valve (50) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the valve member (5) at least partially defines a third chamber (3) in the hollow valve body (20).
7. The fluid valve (50) of claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one section of the member (5) comprises a ferromagnetic material and the solenoid actuator (40) is capable of exerting a magnetic displacement force on the ferromagnetic section of the valve member (5).
8. A fluid valve (50) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises a spring (9) and that one end of the valve member (5) is connected to the valve body (20) by means of the spring (9).
9. Fluid valve (50) according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the movable ferromagnetic manipulation part (41) is connected to a spring (9).
10. Fluid valve (50) according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the valve member (5) is penetrated by a longitudinal bore (46) to establish a communication between the first chamber (1) and the second chamber (2) when the longitudinal bore is not blocked, and that the movable ferromagnetic maneuvering part (41) is capable of blocking the longitudinal bore (46) in the valve member (5).
11. The fluid valve (50) of claim 1 or 2, wherein:
-the valve member (5) comprises two mechanically coupled portions (5a, 5b), each portion being crossed by a longitudinal hole (46) to establish a communication between the first chamber (1) and the second chamber (2) when the longitudinal hole (46) is not blocked, and,
-the movable ferromagnetic maneuvering part (41) comprises a circular projection (42) between the two portions (5a, 5b) of the valve member (5) able to block a longitudinal hole (46) in one of the two portions (5a, 5b) of the valve member (5).
12. Hydraulic circuit in a piece of aircraft equipment, comprising a fluid valve (50) according to any one of the preceding claims.
13. Fuel cell system comprising a fluidic valve (50) according to any of claims 1 to 11.
14. Aircraft turbine comprising a fluid valve (50) according to any of claims 1 to 11.
15. Aircraft comprising a fluid valve (50) according to any of claims 1 to 11.
Technical Field
The invention relates to a proportional fluid valve, such as a three-way valve.
Background
US2004/016372a1 describes a fluid valve including a solenoid actuator. When current is passed through the solenoid actuator, a manipulation portion, referred to as a "push pin," can be moved from a first position to a second position. In US2004/016372a1 a non-ferromagnetic actuating part is connected to a ferromagnetic armature. A movable valve member is connected to the handle and functions to control a flow rate of fluid between an inlet conduit and an outlet conduit of the fluid valve. In particular in paragraph [0015], US2004/016372a1 teaches that the valve member is designed to move in an equivalent manner to that of the manipulation section.
The valve described in US2004/016372A1 has several drawbacks. For some applications, it is desirable for the valve member to be able to move a long distance or stroke over a long path. The long travel path of the valve member enables greater proportional regulation of flow rate. In fact, if one tries to regulate a large flow rate with a short travel path, one loses sensitivity (the same millimeter of travel would represent a larger flow rate difference). Furthermore, if the travel path is not long enough, the valve member may cause unacceptably large fill losses (even when the valve is fully open). At the same time, it is often desirable to limit the fill loss to the valve island, so it is necessary for the travel path to be adapted to the flow rate therethrough. Thus, an application that is more conducive to a large travel path is a large flow rate proportional control (e.g., greater than 1500L/h) application.
With the valve of US2004/016372a1, some long travel paths may become impossible to achieve. On the other hand, with this known system, the overall mass of the fluid valve also becomes greater as the required length of the valve member travel path increases. In fact, in order to achieve a long travel path, a large valve member and/or a large manipulation must be provided. This increases the weight of the fluid valve. On the other hand, if the movable element (valve member and manipulation part) is large, it is generally necessary to provide an actuator solenoid (or coil) large enough to move the movable element: that is, it is necessary to provide a device capable of exerting a large force on the manipulation section. In this case, it often becomes necessary to pass an electric current through an electromagnetic coil that is strong enough to generate a magnetic field that is strong enough to displace a movable element such as a manipulation section. However, for certain applications, such as aviation, it is desirable to have a valve with limited size and weight and/or to be able to use a small current in the solenoid.
Disclosure of Invention
According to a first aspect, it is an object of the present invention to provide a proportional fluid valve with an electric actuator, wherein the valve member is capable of completing a long travel path, while still limiting the mass of the valve and the current required in the electric actuator.
To this end, the inventors propose the following fluid valve.
Fluid valve for a hydraulic circuit of an aircraft device, comprising:
-a hollow valve body having an inlet, two outlets and a communication passage with an external pressure source;
a solenoid actuator arranged in the cavity of the hollow valve body and comprising a displaceable ferromagnetic manipulation part;
-a valve member movable inside the valve body to at least partially block the passage between the inlet and the two outlets, wherein the valve member at least partially defines a first chamber and a second chamber on either side of the valve member in the cavity of the valve body.
-a fixed restriction to the level (level) of (or in) the communication passage, such that displacement of the movable handling portion causes a pressure change in one of the first and second chambers to exert a displacement force on the valve member and thus vary the fluid flow rate between the inlet and the two outlets.
The communication passage thus ensures a fluid connection between a portion of the cavity in the valve body and the chamber outside the valve containing the fluid at the external (or reference) pressure.
Thus, the manipulation part functions as a variable limiter depending on its position.
With the fluid valve of the present invention, the displacement of the manipulation part generates a pressure difference between the first chamber and the second chamber. This pressure differential creates a displacement force acting on the valve member. If the force is strong enough, it can displace the valve member. As will be shown below, a large displacement of the valve member can be caused even if the handling part is not moved far and/or even if the force acting on the handling part is weak. This is made possible in particular by the presence of the first and second chambers (at least partially defined by the valve member), the communication passage between the hollow valve body and the external pressure source, and the fixed restriction. The displacement of the manipulation part, even if it is small and triggered by a weak force, may create a pressure difference between the two chambers, which is sufficient to move the valve member through a long travel path. Thus, the handling part does not have to undergo a large displacement for the valve member to complete a long travel path and it is not necessary to exert a large force on the handling part. The size of the manipulation part can be reduced, which enables the weight of the fluid valve to be minimized. Since the manipulation part has a small size, it is not necessary to provide a very powerful electric actuator. Therefore, the actuator can be reduced in size (and hence also in weight), and is also suitable for reducing the current introduced to move the manipulation section. Finally, the fluid valve according to the invention enables the use of valve members that complete a large travel path, while limiting the weight of the fluid valve and the current required in the electric actuator.
With the fluid valve of the present invention, even if the manipulation part moves only a short distance, a large displacement (or a long travel path) of the valve member can be generated. A fluid valve according to the present invention may thus be considered an amplification valve. In general, those skilled in the art will consider valve member travel paths longer than 4mm to be long travel paths. The mass of the valve according to the invention may be less than 2 kg. The mass may preferably be as low as 1.5kg or even 1 kg.
With the fluid valve according to the invention, the displacement of the valve member does not have to be the same as the displacement of the manoeuvre portion causing the displacement of the valve member. For the fluid valve of the present invention, the manipulation part and the valve member are not generally mechanically connected. In certain embodiments, the handle and the valve member never contact each other.
According to the electric actuator of the fluid valve of the present invention, even if the valve member needs to move through a large travel path, a large supply current is not required. For example, a current of 0 to 100mA may be used on a bus of 16 to 29VDC for a solenoid-type electric actuator, which is preferably of the Engine electronic Control-Full Authority Digital Engine Control (EEC-FADEC) type. A small current may be sufficient to move the valve member through a long travel path. The fluid valve according to the invention is not of the "direct drive" type. The terms "inlet" and "outlet" with respect to a hollow valve body are interchangeable. This is in fact only a function of indicating the direction of flow of the fluid, the flow rate of which is controlled by the valve according to the invention. Thus, the valve body may comprise two inlets and one outlet. Likewise, the valve body may include more than one inlet and more than two outlets.
The term "displacement force" is understood to mean a force having a course and direction which depends on the possible displacement direction of the movable valve member. The manipulation member is sometimes referred to by those skilled in the art as a plunger. The communication passage is designed to enable the cavity of the hollow valve body to communicate with a reference pressure. The term "fixed restriction" is known to the person skilled in the art. Various types of fixed restrictions are conceivable. One non-limiting example is a circular hole in the wall, the thickness of which is of the same order of magnitude as its diameter. Other examples include an angled bend, a diameter narrowing.
Fluid valves according to the present invention also have other advantages. Which may be cheaper than other existing solutions. The fluid valve also has good performance characteristics. In general, existing hydraulic amplifying valves (servo valves) cannot be used for a long travel path. If a large flow rate is allowed through the related art servo valve, the performance of the servo valve will be affected (resolution loss, charging loss increase). By the valve according to the invention, amplification can be achieved without sacrificing good performance characteristics (resolution, accuracy, reproducibility). The following features can therefore be achieved by the valve according to the invention: the accuracy in the open loop is 10% for the position of the valve member, 5% for the resolution of the position of the valve member and 2% for the reproducibility of the position of the valve member. The valve according to the invention is also particularly simple and does not require any element with a complex shape. The principle of amplification of the movement of the valve member is important. The actuator interface may be a command of the computer signal type, for example of the EEC-FADEC type. The fluid valve according to the invention can be used in a variety of applications: for example in an aircraft, but this is not exclusive.
In other exemplary embodiments, the valve member at least partially defines more than two chambers, such as three or four. In general, displacement of the manipulation part may cause a pressure change in the first chamber. In other examples, the manipulation may cause a pressure change in the second chamber.
The fluid valve according to the invention is a proportional valve, which is a term known to the person skilled in the art. Thus, the passage between the inlet and each of the two outlets can be controlled over the entire extent of the path of travel of the valve member. The valve according to the invention is therefore not simply an on-off valve (for which the pressure in the chamber drops sharply, rather than undergoing a gradual change), unlike the valve described in US4,445,528. With the valve according to the invention there are a large number of stable positions for the valve member: in contrast to US4,445,528, the present valve member thus enables reasonable control of the fluid flow rate between the inlet and the two outlets (this is made possible by reasonable control of the pressure in the first and/or second chambers). Unlike the valve of US2,526,709, the electric actuator of the fluid valve according to the invention may be described as being submerged. Therefore, if the fluid valve according to the present invention can control the flow rate of oil, the electric actuator is submerged in the oil when the fluid valve is operated.
According to a possible variant, the valve body comprises two communication passages, each capable of ensuring fluid communication between the cavity of the valve body and an external source of pressure, and the fluid valve comprises a fixed restriction located inside (or at the level of) each communication passage, so that the displacement of said movable command causes a pressure variation in each of said first and second chambers, so as to generate a displacement force on said valve member, so as to vary the flow rate of the fluid between the inlet and the two outlets.
Accordingly, the communication passage thus serves to ensure a fluid connection between the cavity of the valve body and the outer chamber containing the fluid having a given pressure. Each communication passage may connect cavities at a single external pressure or at two different external pressures.
In a preferred embodiment, the movement of the valve member is even better controlled and the forces acting on the valve member can be amplified even to a greater extent.
Preferably, the fluid valve according to the present invention is configured to: the displacement of the movable manipulation part causes a pressure change that generates a force on the manipulation part in a direction opposite to the displacement. In this way, a more stable fluid valve is produced, since the force acting on the manipulation part is in the opposite direction to the displacement of the manipulation part.
According to a preferred variant, the cavity of the valve body comprises a chamber comprising:
-the electromagnetic coil actuator, and
-a communication passage having a reference pressure,
so that: a constant pressure can be maintained on the movable manipulation part regardless of the position of the manipulation part.
This corresponds to a balanced version of the fluid valve.
According to another possible embodiment, the communication passage opens into the first chamber. Preferably, the second chamber is connected to a downstream pressure source. The fixed limiting portion may include a passage (or a communication passage or a machining gap) between the manipulation portion and a cylindrical wall surrounding the manipulation portion. This cylindrical wall is the inner wall of the valve body where the solenoid actuator is located.
According to another possible embodiment, the valve member at least partially defines a third chamber located in the valve body cavity. This embodiment can be used to enhance the stability of the manipulation part.
According to a possible embodiment, at least a part of the valve member comprises a ferromagnetic material and the solenoid actuator is capable of exerting a magnetic displacement force on said ferromagnetic part of the valve member. In this case, the solenoid actuator may be described as an actuator having two manipulation parts or two plungers. When current is passed through the electromagnetic coil, the two manipulating parts move close to each other to reduce the magnetic resistance and thereby also the magnetic energy. But this movement creates a pressure differential between the first and second chambers that causes the valve member to move in generally opposite directions, eventually causing a large displacement of the valve member.
Preferably, the fluid valve according to the present invention comprises a spring, and one end of the valve member is connected to the valve body through the spring.
The external pressure is preferably a high pressure.
The manipulation part may be connected to the spring.
According to a possible embodiment, the manipulation part is penetrated by a longitudinal hole. By this preferred embodiment, it is possible to generate a pressure in one of the first and second chambers, which pressure is limited only by the force generated by the solenoid actuator. Accordingly, the pressure is independent of the reference pressure, which is typically high.
According to one possible embodiment, the valve member is penetrated by a longitudinal bore, so that communication between the first and second chambers is enabled when the longitudinal bore is not blocked. Accordingly, the manipulation portion is preferably configured to be able to block the longitudinal bore in the valve member. In this case, the manipulation part is preferably located in the first chamber, and the communication passage is capable of establishing communication between the first chamber and the external pressure source (or reference pressure), which is then preferably high pressure. The second chamber is then preferably in communication with a low pressure.
According to one possible embodiment, the valve member comprises two mechanically coupled parts. In this case, the two portions of the valve member are preferably each penetrated by a longitudinal bore to establish communication between the first and second chambers when they are not blocked. In this case, the first and second chambers are preferably located on either side of the valve member. The handling portion then preferably comprises a circular projection (or element) between the two parts of the valve member, which projection is designed to block a longitudinal bore in one of the two parts of the valve member. By this preferred embodiment, it is possible to produce a movement of the movable valve member which is independent of any reference pressure variation. The reference pressure is preferably a high pressure.
The communication passage with the external pressure source preferably comprises a filter. The filter can meet the requirement of cleaning fluid.
The actuation part preferably has rotational symmetry.
A fluid valve according to the present invention is capable of proportionally (i.e. meaning 50% -50%) distributing fluid flow between two passageways (e.g. two outlets) in response to a low power command signal that may be transmitted by a computer. The fluid valve according to the present invention may be used with various fluids such as oil, motor oil, fuel, and the like. Fluid valves according to the present invention may also be used with other fluids. A fluid valve according to the present invention preferably includes one or more filters or contamination prevention devices (e.g., seals, leak paths) to reduce the risk of the valve member becoming clogged. The fluid valve according to the invention may be used in a hydraulic circuit of an aircraft equipment element, such as a hydraulic circuit for landing gear.
The invention also relates to a hydraulic circuit for an aircraft equipment component (for example a hydraulic circuit for a landing gear), a fuel cell system, a turbine, and to an aircraft equipment having one or more fluid valves according to the invention.
Drawings
These and other aspects of the present invention will be described in the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention, with reference to the figures in the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 illustrates a possible embodiment of a fluid valve according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 illustrates another embodiment of the fluid valve;
FIG. 3 shows an enlarged view of the electric actuator of the embodiment shown in the previous figure;
FIG. 4 illustrates another embodiment of the fluid valve;
FIG. 5 illustrates another embodiment of the fluid valve;
FIG. 6 illustrates another embodiment of the fluid valve;
FIG. 7 illustrates another embodiment of the fluid valve;
FIG. 8 illustrates another embodiment of the fluid valve;
FIG. 9 illustrates another embodiment of the fluid valve;
fig. 10 illustrates another embodiment of the fluid valve.
The illustrations in the drawings are not drawn to scale. In general, the same reference numbers will be used in the drawings to refer to equivalent elements. The use of reference signs in the drawings is not to be construed as limiting, even when said signs are also referred to in the claims.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a
The
As for the example of fig. 1, when current flows through the coil of the solenoid actuator, the
Fig. 2 shows another embodiment of a
The
In the embodiment of fig. 2, the handling
When the
Referring to fig. 3, the respective forces acting on the
the force of the
The magnetic force applied by the coil of the
-pressure load. As for the reference pressure HP, the reference pressure is applied to the entire contour of the
If the load acting to the right side is regarded as negative and the load acting to the left side as positive, the following equation is obtained:
-MP*S1–LP*(S2-S1)+MP*S2=(MP–LP)*(S2–S1)
surface S1 (or S)2) Is a vertical surface of the left end (or right end) of the
Finally, the handling
(MP–LP)*(S2–S1)+Fspring=FMagnetic field
(MP-LP) and (S)2–S1) Typically a constant.
It should be noted that the pressure MP is defined solely by the force generated by the solenoid and is independent of the pressure HP (but not LP). However, LP may provide higher stability than HP, since LP is connected directly to the reservoir, for example.
The
Fig. 4 shows another possible embodiment of a
An advantage of the embodiment of fig. 4 is that if HP suddenly increases, the variable restriction of the
Fig. 5 shows another possible embodiment of a
In the embodiment of fig. 5, the handling
When the
Fig. 6 shows a more stable version than the previous embodiment. Here, the
Fig. 7 shows a balanced version of the
Fig. 8 shows another particularly stable version of the
Fig. 9 illustrates another embodiment of a
Fig. 10 shows a further embodiment of a
The present invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments thereof, which are purely illustrative in nature and are not to be considered as limiting in any way. In general, the invention is not limited to the examples shown and/or described above. Use of the verbs "comprise," "include," or any other variation thereof, as well as any other variation thereof, is not to be construed as excluding the presence of any other element so described. The use of the indefinite article "a", "an" or "the" to introduce an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. Reference signs in the claims shall not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.
In summary, the invention can also be described as follows:
a
a
a
a fixed
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