Coaxiality adjusting system and coaxiality dimension reduction adjusting method based on strain gauge
阅读说明：本技术 基于应变片的同轴度调整系统及同轴度降维调整方法 (Coaxiality adjusting system and coaxiality dimension reduction adjusting method based on strain gauge ) 是由 赵宏伟 孟凡越 张建海 陈俊先 刘长宜 李世超 秦学志 侯伟光 石成玉 靖旭 赵 于 2019-12-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种基于应变片的同轴度调整系统及同轴度降维调整方法,属于同轴度校准领域。整体安装在立式拉伸试验机上,包括主轴加载链、同轴度调整装置、检测及反馈装置、机架,所述同轴度调整装置安装在主轴加载链上,主轴加载链安装在机架上,检测及反馈机构安装在机架上检测和控制调整量。可实现五个自由度的调整,同时对调整螺栓进行分度。应用不同种类的对中传感器取长补短,也可只用五维对中传感器实现加载链的五个自由度的检测及调整；对中装置直接连接加载链中并采用法兰连接提高强度,提高装置的强度与刚度；本发明装置适配性强,可匹配多种夹具,空间占用小,操作简单,可重复调整；可以提高实验精度,使测量数据更加精确。(The invention relates to a coaxiality adjusting system and a coaxiality dimension reducing adjusting method based on a strain gauge, and belongs to the field of coaxiality calibration. The whole installation is on vertical tensile testing machine, including main shaft loading chain, axiality adjusting device, detection and feedback device, frame, axiality adjusting device installs on main shaft loading chain, and main shaft loading chain installs in the frame, detects and feedback mechanism installs and detects and control the adjustment volume in the frame. The adjustment of five degrees of freedom can be realized, and the adjusting bolt is indexed simultaneously. Different types of centering sensors are applied to make up for the deficiencies, and five-dimensional centering sensors can be used for detecting and adjusting five degrees of freedom of the loading chain; the centering device is directly connected with the loading chain and is connected by a flange to improve the strength and the rigidity of the device; the device has strong adaptability, can be matched with various clamps, occupies small space, is simple to operate and can be repeatedly adjusted; the experimental precision can be improved, and the measured data is more accurate.)
1. The utility model provides a axiality governing system based on foil gage which characterized in that: the device is integrally arranged on a vertical tensile testing machine and comprises a main shaft loading chain, a coaxiality adjusting device, a detection and feedback device and a rack, wherein the coaxiality adjusting device is arranged on the main shaft loading chain which is arranged on the rack, and a detection and feedback mechanism is arranged on the rack to detect and control the adjustment amount;
the main shaft loading chain is as follows: the electric actuating cylinder (1) is arranged on the upper top cover (11), the electric cylinder connecting shaft (2) is arranged on an output shaft of the electric actuating cylinder (1), the force sensor (3) is arranged on the electric cylinder connecting shaft (2), and the force sensor (3) is positioned on the electric cylinder connecting shaft (2) through a cylindrical pin; the clamp connecting shaft (4) is installed below the force sensor (3), the upper clamp (14) is installed on the clamp connecting shaft (4), the centering sensor is tightly pressed and installed in the upper clamp (14) through the cover plate (6), the lower clamp (16) is installed on the supporting seat (7) through a flange, and the supporting seat (7) is installed on a centering angle adjusting disc (18) of the coaxiality adjusting device through a clamp supporting seat connecting bolt (17).
2. The strain gage-based coaxiality adjustment system of claim 1, wherein: the coaxiality adjusting device comprises: the centering device matrix (9) is installed on the lower platform (20) through a matrix connecting bolt (24), the centering coaxial adjusting disc (8) is installed in the centering device matrix (9) through an angle adjusting bolt (23), the centering angle adjusting disc (18) is installed on the centering angle adjusting disc (18) through the angle adjusting bolt (23), the coaxiality adjusting bolt (19) is installed on the centering coaxial adjusting disc (8), and the supporting seat (7) is installed on the centering device matrix (9).
3. The strain gage-based coaxiality adjustment system of claim 1, wherein: the detection and feedback system is as follows: the force sensor (3) is installed on a main shaft loading chain, the host and the processor are connected with the force sensor (3) through a USB data line and are respectively installed on the rack, the electric actuating cylinder (1) outputs displacement information to be transmitted to the host, and the centering sensor (5) is installed on the upper clamp (14).
4. The strain gage-based coaxiality adjustment system of claim 3, wherein: the centering sensor (5) is a two-dimensional centering sensor (25), a four-dimensional centering sensor (26) or a five-dimensional centering sensor (27).
5. The strain gage-based coaxiality adjustment system according to claim 1 or 3, wherein: the electric actuating cylinder (1) adopts a folding type electric cylinder CDJ2D16-100Z-M9B-B, and the stroke of the electric cylinder is 100 mm.
6. The strain gage-based coaxiality adjustment system of claim 1, wherein: the frame is as follows: the upper top cover (11) is installed on four guide pillars (12) through upper top cover locking nuts (10), the guide pillars (12) are installed on a lower platform (20), and the lower platform (20) is installed on a vibration isolation platform (21).
7. A coaxiality dimension reduction adjusting method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step (1), a guide post (12) is installed on a lower platform (20), the lower platform (20) is installed on a vibration isolation platform (21), an upper top cover (11) is installed on four guide posts (12), the guide posts (12) are screwed down by using locking nuts (10), an electric action cylinder (1) is installed on the upper top cover (11) of a rack, a force sensor (3) is connected through an electric cylinder connecting shaft (2), an upper clamp (14) and the force sensor (3) are connected through a clamp connecting shaft (4), and a centering sensor is installed on the upper clamp (14); installing a centering device matrix (9) on a lower platform (20) through a matrix connecting bolt (24), installing an assembled centering device on the lower platform (20), installing a supporting seat (7) on a centering angle adjusting disc (18) through a connecting bolt, installing an upper clamp (14) on the supporting seat (7) through flange connection, and tightly pressing a centering sensor by a cover plate (6) provided with the upper clamp to complete the installation of an upper loading chain;
step (2), assembling all components of the coaxiality adjusting device:
2.1, mounting the centering device matrix (9) on a lower platform (20) through six hexagon socket head bolts;
2.2, wiping the mounting surface of the centering device parent body (9) clean, placing the centering coaxial adjusting disc (8) in the middle of the centering device parent body (9) for leveling, simultaneously screwing in a coaxiality adjusting bolt (19), pre-tightening a coaxial adjusting disc connecting bolt (22), and leveling again;
2.3, installing angle adjusting bolts (23) in four directions on the end face of the centering device parent body (9), placing the centering device parent body (9) on a centering coaxial adjusting disc (8), adjusting the planeness of the centering angle adjusting disc (18) by using the angle adjusting bolts (23), and screwing an angle adjusting disc connecting bolt;
2.4, mounting the support seat (7) on a centering angle adjusting disc (18), aligning with a hole position, screwing a bolt, and connecting a lower clamp (16) in the other direction to enable the front direction of the clamp to be consistent with the adjusting direction of the centering device;
2.5, pre-tightening the bolts after the lower forming clamp (16) is installed, and screwing the connecting bolts after the direction is finely adjusted;
2.6, installing a sample, and installing a cover plate (6) of the clamp;
2.7, finely adjusting an angle adjusting bolt (23), after checking that the alignment device is correct, aligning the matrix of the alignment device with the frame in the forward direction, and screwing the angle adjusting bolt after aligning to finish the assembly of each part of the alignment device;
step (3), after the coaxiality adjusting device is installed, installing a cover plate (6) and pressing a five-dimensional centering sensor (27);
step (4), installing and calibrating the clamp in the direction, and reducing the dimension to adjust the five-four dimensions: adjusting angle adjusting bolts in four directions, checking strain values of each group of the force sensor (3) and the five-dimensional centering sensor (27), firstly determining whether the orientations of an upper clamp and a lower clamp have deviation, unifying the orientations of a coaxiality adjusting device through rotating a supporting seat (7) and an electric cylinder output shaft, and determining whether axial corresponding force values and torques of the angle adjusting bolts are changed singly, otherwise, rotating the directions of the supporting seat (7) and the centering ring until the orientations of the upper clamp and the lower clamp correspond to each other, so that the numerical value of a middle torsion area of the five-dimensional centering sensor (27) is not changed, and finishing the corresponding installation and calibration of the orientations of the upper clamp and the lower clamp;
step (5), installing and calibrating the coaxiality adjusting device, and reducing the dimension to adjust the four-dimensional to two-dimensional: mounting a four-dimensional centering sensor (26), adjusting angle adjusting bolts (23) in four directions of a centering device matrix (9) at the same time, checking strain distribution at each position in the four-dimensional centering sensor (26) to determine whether a force value and torque corresponding to an adjusting axial direction are changed singly or not, locking the four directions of the angle adjustment of the centering device matrix (9), and completing the angle mounting and calibration of the coaxiality adjusting device; in the same way, the coaxiality of the coaxiality adjusting device is calibrated, a two-dimensional centering sensor (25) is installed, coaxiality adjusting bolts (19) in four directions of a centering coaxial adjusting disc (8) are adjusted, strain distribution at each position in the two-dimensional centering sensor (25) is checked, whether a force value and torque corresponding to the adjusting axial direction are changed singly or not is determined, the coaxiality of the coaxiality adjusting device is calibrated, and two-dimensional adjustment is completed;
step (6), then pretensioning the centering sensor, loading in elastic deformation, recording centering sensor data, keeping the force at 5% of the yield limit, recording centering sensor (5) data, checking force distribution, firstly adjusting an angle adjusting bolt (23) of a centering angle adjusting disc (18) to enable the strain distribution of the centering sensor (5) to be converted into an s-shaped strain distribution state, reducing the strain value to be an extremely small value or less than 5% of the loading force and not increasing along with the increase of the loading force, then adjusting an adjusting bolt of a centering coaxial adjusting disc (8) to enable the strain distribution of the centering sensor (5) to be converted into an equal strain distribution state, changing the strain value to be an extremely small value or less than 5% of the loading force and not increasing along with the increase of the loading force, then keeping the force at 10% and 15% of the yield limit, and repeating the steps, after the standard is reached, loading the force value to the elastic limit, keeping the bias force within 5% of the loading force or keeping the bias force with small variation, or collecting the displacement output by the grating ruler of the electric actuating cylinder (1), calculating corresponding strain and stress, checking whether the bias force is in the qualified range, and completing the debugging of the similarity adjusting device;
and (7) simulating the loading chain, calculating the offset according to the strain distribution and the direction force value corresponding to the sensor, then calculating the adjustment amount distributed to each axial direction, adjusting the corresponding adjusting bolt, and finally completing the loading calibration of the coaxiality adjusting device.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of coaxiality calibration, in particular to a coaxiality adjusting system and a coaxiality dimension reducing adjusting method based on a strain gauge. The device is arranged on a testing machine to adjust the coaxiality of the loading chain.
Background
With the development of economy and the progress of science and technology, the tester industry is developed vigorously like the spring bamboo shoots after rain, various testers with different purposes are continuously emerged, the tester can measure the mechanical property, the process property, the internal defect, the dynamic unbalance amount of the checking rotating part and the like of materials, and the tester is more and more widely applied to the fields of the mechanical industry and the like. The traditional coaxiality adjusting mode of the testing machine is manual adjustment, but the manual adjustment is low in efficiency, different in standard and limited in adjusting amount, so that the testing machine is easy to damage, the precision does not reach the standard, the stability is poor and the like, and therefore the coaxiality adjusting system and the coaxiality adjusting method based on the strain gauge are designed for solving the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a coaxiality adjusting system and a coaxiality dimension reduction adjusting method based on a strain gauge, solves the problem that the coaxiality of a loading chain of an existing testing machine needs to be disassembled and cannot be adjusted in real time, and fills the blank in the prior art to a certain extent. The present invention can be mounted in other kinds of testing machines such as compression testing machines, torsion testing machines, bending testing machines, universal testing machines, etc.; the matched clamps are various in types, small in occupied space, simple to operate and capable of being adjusted repeatedly; the combination of the centering device and the clamp supporting seat can realize the adjustment of five degrees of freedom; simultaneously, indexing is carried out on the adjusting bolt, so that the adjusting amount reaches 0.01mm, the adjusting range is large (plus or minus 0.5 mm), and the adjusting angle is adjusted (plus or minus 0.5 degree); the dimension reduction adjusting method of the invention uses different functions of different types of centering sensors to make up for deficiencies, firstly five dimensions are used for adjusting the clamping direction of two loading chain clamps and simultaneously ensuring the coaxial error and the angle error to be unchanged, then four dimensions of centering sensors are used for adjusting the angle direction error of two loading chains to be reduced and simultaneously ensuring the coaxial error to be unchanged, finally two dimensions of centering sensors are used for adjusting the coaxiality error of two loading chains, and simultaneously five dimensions of centering sensors can be used for realizing the detection and adjustment of five degrees of freedom of the loading chains; the quick-wear parts and the parts with high positioning precision requirement in the adjusting device are standardized in design, and easy-to-work parts such as pin sleeves and the like and standard parts are adopted; the device has strong adaptability, and loading chains with different shaft diameters can be installed by adjusting the sizes of the parent body and other parts; the centering device is directly connected with the loading chain and is connected with the loading chain by a flange to improve the strength, the gap is eliminated, and the adjusting module is fixedly connected with the rack, so that the external force borne by the adjusting device is borne by the whole machine, the strength of the device is improved, and the rigidity of the device is increased by arranging the adjusting module on the same matrix, so that the device is more stable and safer in the loading process; the invention is arranged on a testing machine, can realize unidirectional stretching on a uniaxial tensile testing machine, can also realize bidirectional stretching by additionally arranging a set of adjusting device, can improve the experimental precision and enables the measured data to be more accurate.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
the coaxiality adjusting system based on the strain gauge is integrally installed on a vertical tensile testing machine and comprises a main shaft loading chain, a coaxiality adjusting device, a detecting and feedback device and a rack, wherein the coaxiality adjusting device is installed on the main shaft loading chain which is installed on the rack, and a detecting and feedback mechanism is installed on the rack to detect and control the adjusting quantity;
the main shaft loading chain is as follows: the electric actuating cylinder 1 is arranged on the upper top cover 11, the electric cylinder connecting shaft 2 is arranged on an output shaft of the electric actuating cylinder 1, the force sensor 3 is arranged on the electric cylinder connecting shaft 2, and the force sensor 3 is positioned on the electric cylinder connecting shaft 2 through a cylindrical pin; the clamp connecting shaft 4 is installed below the force sensor 3, the upper clamp 14 is installed on the clamp connecting shaft 4, the centering sensor is tightly pressed and installed in the upper clamp 14 through the cover plate 6, the
The coaxiality adjusting device comprises: the
The detection and feedback system is as follows: the force sensor 3 is installed on the main shaft loading chain, the host and the processor are connected with the force sensor 3 through a USB data line and are respectively installed on the rack, the electric actuating cylinder 1 outputs displacement information to be transmitted to the host, and the centering sensor 5 is installed on the upper clamp 14.
The centering sensor 5 is a two-dimensional centering sensor 25, a four-
The electric actuating cylinder 1 adopts a folding type electric cylinder CDJ2D16-100Z-M9B-B, and the stroke of the electric cylinder is 100 mm.
The frame is as follows: the upper top cover 11 is installed on four guide posts 12 through upper top
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a coaxiality dimension reduction adjustment method, which includes the following steps:
step (1), mounting guide pillars 12 on a lower platform 20, mounting the lower platform 20 on a vibration isolation table 21, mounting an upper top cover 11 on four guide pillars 12, screwing the guide pillars 12 by using
step (2), assembling all components of the coaxiality adjusting device:
2.1, mounting the
2.2, wiping the mounting surface of the
2.3, installing
2.4, mounting the
2.5, pre-tightening the bolts after the
2.6, installing a sample, and installing a cover plate 6 of the clamp;
2.7, finely adjusting an
Step (3), after the coaxiality adjusting device is installed, installing a cover plate 6 and pressing the five-
step (4), installing and calibrating the clamp in the direction, and reducing the dimension to adjust the five-four dimensions: adjusting angle adjusting bolts in four directions, checking strain values of groups of the force sensor 3 and the five-
step (5), installing and calibrating the coaxiality adjusting device, and reducing the dimension to adjust the four-dimensional to two-dimensional: installing a four-
step (6), then pretensioning the centering sensor, loading in elastic deformation, recording centering sensor data, keeping the force at 5% of the yield limit, recording centering sensor 5 data, checking the force distribution, firstly adjusting the
and (7) simulating the loading chain, calculating the offset according to the strain distribution and the direction force value corresponding to the sensor, then calculating the adjustment amount distributed to each axial direction, adjusting the corresponding adjusting bolt, and finally completing the loading calibration of the coaxiality adjusting device.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention solves the problem that the coaxiality of the loading chain of the existing testing machine needs to be disassembled and the loading chain can not be adjusted in real time, and fills the blank of the prior art to a certain extent.
2. The centering device and the clamp supporting seat combination can realize the adjustment of five degrees of freedom (other five degrees of freedom directions except the loading direction).
3. The centering device of the invention indexes the adjusting bolt, so that the adjusting amount reaches 0.01mm, the adjusting range is large (plus or minus 0.5 mm), and the adjusting angle is adjusted (plus or minus 0.5 degrees).
4. The dimension reduction adjusting method of the invention applies different functions of different types of centering sensors to make up for deficiencies, firstly five dimensions are used for adjusting the clamping direction of the two loading chain clamps and simultaneously ensuring the coaxial error and the angle error to be unchanged, then four dimensions of centering sensors are used for adjusting the angle direction error of the two loading chains to be reduced and simultaneously ensuring the coaxial error to be unchanged, finally two dimensions of centering sensors are used for adjusting the coaxiality error of the two loading chains, and simultaneously five dimensions of centering sensors can be used for realizing the detection and adjustment of five degrees of freedom of the loading chains.
5. The quick-wear parts and the parts with high positioning precision requirements in the adjusting device are designed in a standardized way, and the quick-wear parts and the parts with high positioning precision requirements are easily machined and standard parts such as pin sleeves.
6. The centering device has strong adaptability, the centering sensor is easy to obtain, and the loading chains with different shaft diameters can be installed by adjusting the sizes of the parent body and other parts.
7. The centering device is directly connected with the loading chain and is connected with the loading chain by a flange to improve the strength, the gap is eliminated, and the adjusting module is fixedly connected with the rack, so that the external force borne by the adjusting device is borne by the whole machine, the strength of the device is improved, and the rigidity of the device is increased by arranging the adjusting module on the same matrix, so that the device is more stable and safer in the loading process;
8. the invention is arranged on a testing machine, can realize unidirectional stretching on a uniaxial tensile testing machine, can also realize bidirectional stretching by additionally arranging a set of adjusting device, can improve the experimental precision and enables the measured data to be more accurate.
9. The invention can be applied to other types of testing machines such as a compression testing machine, a torsion testing machine, a bending testing machine, a universal testing machine and the like, can also be matched with different types of clamps, has small occupied space and simple operation, can be repeatedly adjusted, can improve the experimental precision and enables the measured data to be more accurate.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention.
FIG. 1 is a graph of r-shaped strain distribution for a mid-sensor of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the s-shaped strain profile of a centering sensor of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an isometric view and a front view of a four-dimensional polygonal centering sensor of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the centering device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the centering device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a front and top view of the centering device of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an isometric view of a four-dimensional rectangular centering sensor of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a front view and an isometric view of a five-dimensional centering device of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a side view of the five-dimensional centering device of the present invention in a flexed position;
FIG. 10 is a torsional bending state diagram of the five-dimensional centering device of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a view of the five-dimensional centering device of the present invention in a forward curved state;
FIG. 12 is an isometric and elevational view of a cylindrical four-dimensional centering sensor of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is an isometric view of a two-dimensional centering sensor of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the complete machine of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a side view of the complete machine of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a front view of the complete machine of the present invention;
fig. 17 is a perspective view of the complete machine of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. an electrically actuated cylinder; 2. an electric cylinder connecting shaft; 3. a force sensor; 4. a clamp connecting shaft; 5. centering the sensor; 6. a cover plate; 7. a supporting seat; 8. centering and coaxially adjusting a disc; 9. centering the device matrix; 10. the upper top cover is locked with a nut; 11. a top cover is arranged; 12. a guide post; 13. a sensor connecting bolt; 14. an upper clamp; 15. a clamp cover plate bolt; 16. a lower clamp; 17. the clamp supporting seat is connected with a bolt; 18. centering the angle adjusting disc; 19. a coaxiality adjusting bolt; 20. a lower platform; 21. a vibration isolation table; 22. a coaxial adjusting disc connecting bolt; 23. an angle adjusting bolt; 24. a parent body connecting bolt; 25. a two-dimensional centering sensor; 26. a four-dimensional centering sensor; 27. five-dimensional centering sensor.
Detailed Description
The details of the present invention and its embodiments are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 17, the coaxiality adjusting system and the coaxiality dimension reduction adjusting method based on the strain gauge solve the problem that the coaxiality of a loading chain of an existing testing machine needs to be disassembled and cannot be adjusted in real time, and fill the blank in the prior art to a certain extent; the centering device can realize the adjustment of five degrees of freedom, and simultaneously index the adjusting bolt, so that the adjustment amount reaches 0.01mm, the adjustment range is large (plus or minus 0.5 mm), and the adjustment angle is plus or minus 0.5 degrees; the dimension reduction adjustment method of the invention applies different types of centering sensors to make up for the deficiencies, and can also realize the detection and adjustment of five degrees of freedom of a loading chain by only using five-dimensional centering sensors; the centering device is directly connected with the loading chain and is connected by a flange to improve the strength, the gap is eliminated, and the adjusting module (part of the centering device and the loading chain) and the rack are fixedly connected and are arranged on the same parent body, so that the external force borne by the whole machine is borne, and the strength and the rigidity of the device are improved; the device has strong adaptability, can be used for installing loading chains with different shaft diameters by adjusting the sizes of the parent body and other parts, can also be used for installing other types of testing machines, can be matched with various clamps, has small occupied space and simple operation, and can be repeatedly adjusted; the experimental precision can be improved, and the measured data is more accurate.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, fig. 1 illustrates the r-shaped bending strain distribution of two loading chains due to different angles, wherein "+" represents that the strain is higher than the average strain, and "-" represents that the strain is lower than the average strain; FIG. 2 illustrates the distribution of the s-bend strain produced by the two loading chains due to the coaxiality error, where "+" represents that the strain is higher than the average strain and "-" represents that the strain is lower than the average strain.
Referring to fig. 14 to 17, the coaxiality adjusting system based on the strain gauge of the present invention is integrally installed on a vertical tensile testing machine, and includes a main shaft loading chain, a coaxiality adjusting device, a detecting and feedback device, and a frame, wherein the coaxiality adjusting device is installed on the main shaft loading chain, the main shaft loading chain is installed on the frame, and the detecting and feedback device is installed on the frame for detecting and controlling an adjustment amount.
The main shaft loading chain comprises an electric actuating cylinder 1, an electric cylinder connecting shaft 2, a force sensor 3, a clamp connecting shaft 4, an upper clamp 14, a cover plate 6, a centering sensor 5, a lower clamp 16, a supporting seat 7, a centering device matrix 9, a centering angle adjusting disc 18, a centering coaxial adjusting disc 8, a matrix connecting bolt 24, a coaxial adjusting disc connecting bolt 22 and a sensor mounting bolt 13; the electric actuating cylinder 1 is installed on the upper top cover 11 through an outer hexagon bolt, the electric cylinder connecting shaft 2 is installed on an output shaft of the electric actuating cylinder 1 through threaded connection, the force sensor 3 is installed on the electric cylinder connecting shaft 2 through six sensor installing bolts 13, and the force sensor 3 is positioned on the electric cylinder connecting shaft 2 through a cylindrical pin; the clamp connecting shaft 4 is installed below the force sensor 3, the upper clamp 14 is installed on the clamp connecting shaft 4 through six hexagon socket head cap bolts, the centering sensor 5 is tightly pressed and tightened by the cover plate 6 through the clamp cover plate bolts 15 and installed in the upper clamp 14, the lower clamp 16 is installed on the supporting seat 7 through a flange, the supporting seat 7 is installed on the centering angle adjusting disk 18 through the clamp supporting seat connecting bolts 17, the centering coaxial adjusting disk 8 is installed on the centering device matrix 9 through the coaxial adjusting disk connecting bolts 22, and then the centering device matrix 9 is installed on the lower platform 20 through the matrix connecting bolts 24.
Referring to fig. 4 to 6, the coaxiality adjusting device comprises a centering
Referring to fig. 3 and 7 to 13, the detection and feedback system includes a force sensor 3, a host, a processor, and a centering sensor 5; the force sensor 3 is arranged on a main shaft loading chain, the host and the processor are connected with the force sensor 3 through a USB data line and are respectively arranged on the rack to receive and process data, the electric actuating cylinder 1 outputs displacement information to be transmitted to the host, and the centering sensor 5 is arranged on the upper clamp 14.
The centering sensor 5 is a two-dimensional centering sensor 25, a four-dimensional centering sensor 26 (square, circular, polygonal) or a five-dimensional centering
The electric actuating cylinder 1 adopts a folding type electric cylinder CDJ2D16-100Z-M9B-B, and the stroke of the electric cylinder is 100 mm. The force sensor adopts HBM-U10M, and the maximum measuring range of the force sensor is 125 KN. The grating ruler adopts Heidenhain-Aelb-382c, and the maximum measuring range of the grating ruler is 250 mm.
The centering sensor 5 is formed by arranging different strain gauges of BX120-1AA, BX120-05AA and BX120-2 CA.
The machine frame comprises four guide posts 12, an upper top
The coaxiality dimension reduction adjusting method comprises the following steps:
step (1), mounting guide pillars 12 on a lower platform 20, mounting the lower platform 20 on a vibration isolation table 21, mounting an upper top cover 11 on four guide pillars 12, screwing the guide pillars 12 by using
step (2), assembling all components of the coaxiality adjusting device:
2.1, mounting the centering
2.2, wiping the mounting surface of the centering
2.3, installing
2.4, mounting the
2.5, pre-tightening the bolts after the
2.6, installing a sample, and installing a cover plate 6 of the clamp (sequentially pre-tightening two opposite bolts to prevent the cover plate 6 from being uneven);
2.7, finely adjusting the
And (3) after the coaxiality adjusting device is installed, installing the cover plate 6 (sequentially pre-tightening the two opposite bolts to prevent the cover plate 6 from being uneven), and pressing the five-dimensional centering
And (4) installing and calibrating the clamp in the direction (reducing the dimension and adjusting the five-four dimension): adjusting angle adjusting bolts in four directions, checking strain values of groups of the force sensor 3 and the five-dimensional centering
and (5) installing and calibrating the coaxiality adjusting device (reducing the dimension and adjusting the four-dimensional to two-dimensional): installing a four-dimensional centering sensor 26, adjusting angle adjusting bolts 23 in four directions of the centering device matrix 9 at the same time, checking strain distribution at each position in the four-dimensional centering sensor 26, determining whether a force value corresponding to an adjusting axial direction and a torque are changed singly (corresponding to the r-shaped strain in the figure 1 converted into an equal strain state or an s-shaped strain state) or not, and locking the four directions of the angle adjustment of the centering device matrix 9 to finish the angle installation and calibration of the coaxiality adjusting device; similarly, the coaxiality of the coaxiality adjusting device is calibrated, a two-dimensional centering sensor 25 is installed, the coaxiality adjusting bolts 19 in four directions of the centering coaxial adjusting disc 8 are adjusted, strain distribution at each position in the two-dimensional centering sensor 25 is checked to determine whether a force value and torque corresponding to the adjusting axial direction are changed singly (corresponding to the fact that s-shaped strain in the attached drawing 2 is changed into an equal strain state), the coaxiality of the coaxiality adjusting device is calibrated, and two-dimensional adjustment is completed;
step (6), then pretensioning the centering sensor, loading in elastic deformation, recording centering sensor data, keeping the force under a force value of 5% of the yield limit, recording centering sensor 5 data, checking force value distribution, firstly adjusting an angle adjusting bolt 23 of a centering angle adjusting disc 18 to enable the strain distribution of the centering sensor 5 to be converted into an s-shaped strain distribution state, reducing the strain value to be an extremely small value (or less than 5% of the loading force) and not increasing along with the increase of the loading force, then adjusting an adjusting bolt of a centering coaxial adjusting disc 8 to enable the strain distribution of the centering sensor 5 to be converted into an equal strain distribution state, changing the strain value to be an extremely small value (or less than 5% of the loading force) and not increasing along with the increase of the loading force, then keeping the force under a force value of 10% and 15% of the yield limit, repeating the steps, and after reaching the standard, loading the force value to the elastic limit, keeping the bias force within 5% or keeping the variation value small, or collecting the displacement output by the grating ruler of the electric actuating cylinder 1, calculating the corresponding strain and stress, checking whether the bias force is in the qualified range, and completing the debugging of the synchronization degree adjusting device;
and (7) simulating the loading chain by using abqus simulation software, calculating offset according to the strain distribution and the force value of the corresponding direction of the sensor, then calculating the adjustment amount distributed to each axial direction, adjusting the corresponding adjusting bolt, and finally completing the loading calibration of the coaxiality adjusting device.
And (5) finishing the adjustment of the coaxiality of the whole machine, and performing formal tensile test.
The above description is only a preferred example of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
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