Four-axis centering adjustment system and method for biaxial tensile testing machine
阅读说明:本技术 用于双轴拉伸试验机的四轴对中调整系统及方法 (Four-axis centering adjustment system and method for biaxial tensile testing machine ) 是由 赵宏伟 孟凡越 张建海 陈俊先 侯伟光 石成玉 赵久成 秦学志 于 2019-12-02 设计创作,主要内容包括:本发明涉及一种用于双轴拉伸试验机的四轴对中调整系统及方法,试验机技术领域。包括主轴加载链、对中调整装置、对中传感器及反馈装置、机架,对中调整装置安装在主轴加载链上,主轴加载链安装在机架上,检测及反馈机构安装在机架上,用于检测和控制调整量。优点在于:可实现五个自由度的调整,精度与检测装置对应匹配;本发明与整机加载链连接,提高了整个装置的强度减少对加载轴的破坏,系统适配性强,可以匹配不同形式的加载链以及多种类型的夹具,空间占用小,操作简单,重复调整精度高,提高实验精度,使测量数据更加精确。(The invention relates to a four-axis centering adjustment system and a four-axis centering adjustment method for a biaxial tensile testing machine, and belongs to the technical field of testing machines. The centering and feedback device is arranged on the main shaft loading chain, the main shaft loading chain is arranged on the rack, and the detection and feedback mechanism is arranged on the rack and used for detecting and controlling the adjustment amount. Has the advantages that: the adjustment of five degrees of freedom can be realized, and the precision is correspondingly matched with the detection device; the device is connected with the whole machine loading chain, so that the strength of the whole device is improved, the damage to the loading shaft is reduced, the system adaptability is strong, loading chains in different forms and various types of clamps can be matched, the space occupation is small, the operation is simple, the repeated adjustment precision is high, the experiment precision is improved, and the measured data is more accurate.)
1. The utility model provides a four-axis centering adjustment system for biax tensile testing machine which characterized in that: the centering and adjusting device is arranged on the main shaft loading chain, the main shaft loading chain is arranged on the rack, and the detection and feedback mechanism is arranged on the rack to detect and control the adjustment amount;
the main shaft loading chain is as follows: the electric actuating cylinder (1) is installed on the supporting block (19), a parent body (2) of the centering adjusting device is in threaded connection with an output shaft of the electric actuating cylinder (1), an angle adjusting shaft (5) of the centering adjusting device is installed on the parent body (2), the force sensor (9) is installed on the sensor connecting shaft (7), and the force sensor (9) is positioned on the sensor connecting shaft (7) through a cylindrical pin; a guide shaft (11) is screwed into a force sensor (9), a locking ring (10) is sleeved at a connecting shaft neck of the guide shaft (11), the guide shaft (11) is installed on a guide shaft sliding block (22), the guide shaft sliding block (22) is installed on a V-shaped block (23), the V-shaped block (23) is installed on a base plate (24), the base plate (24) is installed on a supporting frame (20), a clamp (14) is installed on a pull rod (13) through a pull rod bolt (12), a clamp wedge block (15) is installed on the clamp (14), and a test piece (16) is installed in the clamp (14).
2. The four-axis centering adjustment system for biaxial tensile testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the centering adjusting device is as follows: the sensor comprises a parent body (2), a fixing ring (4), four angle adjusting bolts (3), an angle adjusting shaft (5), a sensor connecting shaft (7), a coaxial adjusting bolt (6), a sensor fixing shaft (2), a sensor fixing shaft (6) and a sensor fixing shaft (2), wherein the parent body (2) is installed on an output shaft of an electric actuating cylinder through a threaded shaft; the force sensor (9) is installed on the sensor connecting shaft (7) through a sensor connecting bolt (8), the V-shaped block (23) is installed on the supporting frame (20), and the supporting frame (20) is installed on the supporting plate (18).
3. The four-axis centering adjustment system for biaxial tensile testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the centering sensor and the feedback device are as follows: the force sensor (9) is installed on a loading chain, the host and the processor are connected with the force sensor (9) through a USB data line and installed on a rack, the grating ruler on the electric actuating cylinder (1) outputs displacement information to be transmitted to the host, the centering sensor (25) is installed on the loading chain, and the centering sensor (25) is formed by attaching strain patterns and strain gauges to a test piece (16).
4. The four-axis centering adjustment system for biaxial tensile testing machines according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: the electric actuating cylinder (1) adopts a folding type electric cylinder CDJ2D16-100Z-M9B-B, and the stroke of the electric cylinder is 100 mm.
5. The four-axis centering adjustment system for biaxial tensile testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the frame is as follows: four supporting blocks (19) are arranged on a supporting plate (18), eight supporting frames (20) are arranged on the supporting plate (18), the supporting plate (18) is arranged on a supporting seat (21), a V-shaped block (23) is arranged on the supporting frame (20), and an electric actuating cylinder (1) is arranged on the supporting blocks (19).
6. A four-axis centering adjustment method for a biaxial tensile testing machine is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step (1), assembling a rack:
step (2), installing an electric cylinder, inserting the corresponding mark into the corresponding hole position to ensure the accuracy of the installing spigot, and simultaneously applying a fixed torque to pre-tighten the bolt according to the loading requirement to complete the installation of the electric cylinder;
step (3), assembling parts of the loading chain:
3.1, assembling a centering adjusting device;
3.2, installing a sensor;
3.3, installing a guide shaft and a locking ring;
step (4), installing the assembled loading chain:
step (5), calibrating the clamping direction of a clamp (14) which is transverse to the whole machine, firstly preloading, reading an indication value of a middle measurement torsion area of a centering sensor (25) by using a strain gauge, calibrating the directions of the two clamps, corresponding the directions, enabling the indication value of the torsion measurement in the middle area of the centering sensor to be a minimum value, and controlling the directions of the two clamps by adjusting the threaded connection length of the clamps; then, calibrating the clamping direction of a clamp (14) with a longitudinal shaft, adjusting in the same step, and finally matching the loading chains and the adjusting direction of the four shafts with the direction of the whole machine;
step (6), carrying out coaxiality calibration of the whole machine, firstly adjusting each axial coaxiality and angle of the transverse centering device, observing whether the numerical value of each group of strain gauges on the centering sensor is in single change corresponding to the axial strain numerical value, adjusting the orientation and the screwing-in depth of an output shaft of an electric cylinder to control the orientation of the centering device to be vertical to a loading chain, enabling the orientation to be in one-to-one correspondence with the measuring direction of the centering sensor, adjusting the numerical value to be changed into an extremely small value when the axial strain numerical value is adjusted to be loaded, or being less than 5% of the loading force and keeping the axial strain value unchanged, completing installation calibration of the transverse loading chain coaxiality centering device, and then carrying out;
step (7), the electric actuating cylinder (1) in the horizontal direction applies pulling force, the centering sensor is loaded, and the axial direction in the horizontal direction is detectedThe strain is given to determine the offset direction and the offset, firstly, a V-shaped block (23) on a support frame (20) is roughly adjusted to reduce the numerical value variation, the strain distribution type is adjusted, an angle adjusting module is adjusted to adjust the strain distribution to be in the same direction, the monotonicity is realized, the coaxiality is adjusted, the deviation of the numerical value is kept to be reduced or the deviation magnitude is 10-3Continuously loading and checking whether the value coaxial direction changes or the variation is 5% of the loading value, finally completely unloading and carrying out repeated test to finish the centering adjustment of the whole machine in the horizontal direction; then, adjusting the coaxiality of the longitudinal loading chain according to the same steps;
step (8), adjusting the verticality and the flatness of the composition of two orthogonal loading chains loaded by four shafts, firstly loading the four-axial electric actuating cylinder (1) to simultaneously apply tension, detecting whether the strain values of the four stretching arms are consistent by a loading centering sensor (25), adjusting the centering adjustment by adjusting four axial centering adjustment devices, a support frame (20) and a V-shaped block (23), adjusting the strain distribution to be in the same axial direction, wherein the strain distributions of two shafts tend to be consistent or have monotonicity, then adjusting two axial directions in the orthogonal direction to ensure that the distribution trends of two shafts in the orthogonal direction tend to be consistent, adjusting the coaxiality adjustment shafts in each axial direction after completing to ensure that the strain distribution values of each axial direction are consistent, and finally adjusting the coaxiality and keeping the deviation of the values to be reduced or keeping the deviation magnitude to be 10-3Continuously loading and checking whether the value coaxial direction changes or the variation is 5% of the loading value, finally completely unloading and carrying out repeated test to finish the centering adjustment of the whole machine in the horizontal direction; then, adjusting the coaxiality of the longitudinal loading chain according to the same steps;
step (9), pretensioning the centering sensor (9), loading in elastic deformation, keeping the force under a force value of 5% of the yield limit, recording the data of the force sensor (9) and the data of the centering sensor, checking the force and the torque in two orthogonal directions vertical to the plane of the loading chain, firstly adjusting an angle adjusting bolt on a spherical surface to reduce the torque in the direction vertical to the loading chain to an extremely small value or less than 5% of the loading force and not increase along with the increase of the loading force, then adjusting the coaxiality adjusting direction to ensure that the values in the two orthogonal directions vertical to the plane of the loading chain of the values of the force sensor and the centering sensor are extremely small values or less than 5% of the loading force and not increase along with the increase of the loading force, then keeping the force under a force value of 10% and 15% of the yield limit, repeating the steps, and after reaching the standard, loading a force value to an elastic limit, keeping the bias force within 5% of the loading force or keeping the variation to be small, or acquiring the displacement output by a grating ruler of the electric actuating cylinder to calculate corresponding strain and stress to check whether the bias force is in a qualified range;
and (10) simulating the loading chain, calculating displacement offset and angle offset according to the displacement and the corresponding direction force value of the sensor, then calculating the adjustment amount distributed to each adjusting shaft, adjusting the corresponding adjusting bolt, and finally finishing the loading calibration of the whole machine adjusting device.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of testing machines, in particular to a four-axis centering adjustment system and a four-axis centering adjustment method for a biaxial tensile testing machine. The coaxiality of the loading chain can be calibrated on a testing machine.
Background
With the development of economy and the progress of science and technology, the tester industry is developed vigorously like the spring bamboo shoots after rain, various testers with different purposes are continuously emerged, the tester can measure the mechanical property, the process property, the internal defect, the dynamic unbalance amount of the checking rotating part and the like of materials, and the tester is more and more widely applied to the fields of the mechanical industry and the like. The traditional coaxiality adjusting mode of the testing machine is manual adjustment, but the manual adjustment is low in efficiency, different in standard and limited in adjusting amount, and the testing machine is easy to damage, the precision does not reach the standard, the stability is poor and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a four-axis centering adjustment system and a four-axis centering adjustment method for a biaxial tensile testing machine, which solve the problem that the coaxiality of a loading chain of the conventional biaxial tensile testing machine needs to be adjusted in real time because the loading chain needs to be disassembled, and fill the blank in the prior art to a certain extent. The invention solves the problems that the manual assembly and adjustment precision is not controllable, the adjustment is realized only once, the stability is good, the repeated adjustment is not needed, the reliability is high, the adjustment shaft is indexed, the adjustment amount reaches 0.01mm, the adjustment range is large (plus or minus 0.5 mm), the angular adjustment spherical radius on the matrix reaches the center of a loading test piece, and the adjustment angle can be plus or minus 0.35 degrees; the double-shaft centering sensor is designed, 5 degrees of freedom such as coaxiality, angle and torsion of the loading chain can be identified, the perpendicularity of the two shafts in the orthogonal direction and the planeness formed by the axes can be analyzed, and the detection precision is 0.01 mm; a coarse adjustment device (a support frame and a V-shaped block) is designed, the first coarse adjustment device is used for limiting and preventing the overload of a loading shaft from generating danger, and the second coarse adjustment device is used for installing the support frame and the V-shaped block in a split mode and can coarsely adjust four freedom directions of a loading chain (two freedom degrees of the support frame and two freedom degrees of the V-shaped block); the centering device and the clamp are in threaded connection and combination to realize adjustment of five degrees of freedom (two degrees of freedom of a loading chain installation orthogonal plane, two degrees of freedom of rotation and axial rotation of the loading chain), so that adjustment of any angle and direction on the loading chain can be realized; a profiling wedge clamp is designed, the clamping area is increased, the clamping mode is adjusted to enable the clamping force of a test piece with the same size to be larger, and the loading force is also larger (the friction force of the traditional wedge and the test piece is changed into the adhesive force of the wedge and the test piece and the strength of a wedge material; the quick-wear parts and the parts with high positioning precision requirements in the adjusting device are designed in a standardized manner, and the important parts adopt the easy-to-machine parts and the standard parts of the rotary parts, so that the loss is reduced, the service life of the device is prolonged, and the rigidity of the whole device is not influenced; the device is connected with a whole machine loading chain, the strength of the whole device is improved, the damage and the deformation to a loading shaft are reduced, meanwhile, the adjusting block is fixedly connected with a parent body, the single loading of the adjusting block is changed into the loading of the whole loading chain, the inner part of the adjusting block is connected by a flange, meanwhile, the centering gap in the loading chain is eliminated, the rigidity of the adjusting device has no influence on the rigidity of the whole machine system, meanwhile, the adjusting module is fixedly connected with the whole machine loading chain, the external force borne by the adjusting device is borne by the whole machine, the strength of the device is improved, and the rigidity of the device is increased by installing the adjusting module on the same parent body, so that the device is more; the centering device has strong adaptability, is used for installing loading chains with different shaft diameters and matching various types of clamps by adjusting the sizes of the parent body and other parts, has small occupied space, simple operation and high repeated adjustment precision, improves the experimental precision and ensures that the measured data is more accurate.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a four-axis centering adjustment system for biax tensile testing machine, including main shaft loading chain, centering adjusting device, centering sensor and feedback device, frame, centering adjusting device installs on main shaft loading chain, and main shaft loading chain installs in the frame, detects and feedback mechanism installs and detects and control the adjustment volume in the frame.
The main shaft loading chain is as follows: the electric actuating cylinder 1 is arranged on the supporting
The centering adjusting device is as follows: the matrix 2 is arranged on an output shaft of the electric actuating cylinder through a threaded shaft, the fixing ring 4 is arranged on the matrix 2 through a fixing
The centering sensor and the feedback device are as follows: the
The electric actuating cylinder 1 adopts a folding type electric cylinder CDJ2D16-100Z-M9B-B, and the stroke of the electric cylinder is 100 mm.
The six-dimensional force sensor adopts HBM-U10M, and the maximum measuring range of the force sensor is 125 KN.
The grating ruler adopts Heidenhain-Aelb-382c, and the maximum measuring range of the grating ruler is 250 mm.
The frame is as follows: four supporting
Another object of the present invention is to provide a four-axis centering adjustment method for a biaxial tensile testing machine, comprising the steps of:
step 1, assembling a frame:
1.1, firstly, placing a
1.2, mounting a
1.3, ensuring that the supporting
1.4, overturning the platform, installing the other
Step 2, installing the electric cylinder, inserting the corresponding mark into the corresponding hole position to ensure the accuracy of the installing spigot, and simultaneously applying a fixed torque to pre-tighten the bolt according to the loading requirement to complete the installation of the electric cylinder;
3.1, assembling a centering adjusting device:
3.1.1, placing the matrix 2 on a horizontal table, wiping the mounting surface, smearing lubricating grease on the mounting surface and the matched hole positions, and standing for preparation;
3.1.2, fixing the matrix, placing the
3.1.3, leveling the angle adjusting shaft, then leveling after integral pre-tightening is completed, and finally applying pre-tightening force specified by national standards;
3.1.4, after the installation, keeping the fixation, wiping the installation surface of the matrix 2, smearing lubricating grease on the installation surface and the matching hole positions, and standing for preparation;
3.1.5, mounting a fixing ring 4 on a parent body 2, sequentially screwing two opposite bolts, leveling, pre-tightening every two opposite bolts to finish 6 groups of bolts, leveling, applying pre-tightening force specified by national standards, and screwing an
3.1.6, placing a sensor connecting shaft 7 in the middle of the
3.1.7, corresponding the direction of the adjusting bolt of the integral device to the mounting threaded hole;
3.2, installing a sensor:
3.2.1, installing a spigot of a force sensor and sensor connecting shaft 7, ensuring that the two axes are vertical to the end face and are tightly matched, aligning a sensor installing
3.2.2, wiping the mounting surface, coating lubricating grease on the mounting surface and the matching hole positions, and screwing the
3.2.3, coating lubricating grease on the middle threaded hole, and standing for preparation;
3.3, installing a guide shaft and a locking ring:
3.3.1, placing the assembled centering adjusting device on a horizontal table, installing two
3.3.2, screwing the
3.3.3, the minimum axial distance of the contact surface of the end surfaces of the two
step 4, installing the assembled loading chain:
4.1, hoisting the loading chain by using a crown block to finish the assembly with a spigot of the electric actuating cylinder 1, aligning a bolt mounting hole position and enabling the equipment use adjusting direction to be parallel to the front face of the host, screwing in a bolt, rotating an output shaft of the electric cylinder, adjusting the direction of a parent body to be parallel to the front face of the whole machine, and screwing down the bolt;
4.2, placing the guide shaft on the V-
4.3, installing a
4.4, placing the
4.5, inserting the
4.6, adjusting the orientation of the whole loading chain to be consistent with the orientation of the front face of the whole machine, then screwing the bolt, simultaneously ensuring that the orientation of the clamp is parallel to one of the adjustment directions, and aligning the central axis of the
4.7, opening the electric cylinder to pre-tighten the clamp and eliminate the clearance of the loading chain: firstly, the electric cylinder is loaded on the loading chain without clearance, the force value is kept constant or the variation is small, the loading state is kept, the numerical value change of the
step 7, applying a pulling force to the electric actuating cylinder 1 in the horizontal direction, loading the centering sensor, detecting the axial strain in the horizontal direction to determine the offset direction and the offset amount, firstly roughly adjusting the V-
step (ii) of8. Adjusting perpendicularity and flatness of two orthogonal loading chains loaded by four shafts, firstly loading four-axial electric actuating cylinders 1 to simultaneously apply tension, detecting whether strain values of four stretching arms are consistent by a loading centering sensor 25, carrying out centering adjustment by adjusting four-axial centering adjusting devices, a
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention solves the problem that the coaxiality of the loading chain of the existing testing machine needs to be disassembled and the loading chain can not be adjusted in real time, and fills the blank of the prior art to a certain extent.
2. The invention solves the problem that the adjustment precision of manual assembly is not controllable, the adjustment is realized only once, the stability is good, the repeated adjustment is not needed, the reliability is high, the adjustment shaft is indexed, the adjustment amount reaches 0.01mm, the adjustment range is large (plus or minus 0.5 mm), the angular adjustment spherical radius on the matrix reaches the center of a loading test piece, and the adjustment angle can reach plus or minus 0.35 degrees.
3. The four-axis centering adjustment system comprises a double-axis centering sensor, can identify 5 degrees of freedom such as coaxiality, angle and torsion of the loading chain, can analyze perpendicularity of two axes in the orthogonal direction and planeness formed by the axes, and has the detection precision of 0.01 mm.
4. The four-axis centering adjustment system comprises a coarse adjustment device (a support frame and a V-shaped block), wherein the coarse adjustment device is used for limiting to prevent the overload of a loading shaft from generating danger, and the support frame and the V-shaped block are installed in a split mode to coarsely adjust four freedom directions of a loading chain (two freedom degrees of the support frame and two freedom degrees of the V-shaped block).
5. The centering device and the clamp are in threaded connection and combination to realize adjustment of five degrees of freedom (two degrees of freedom of a loading chain installation orthogonal plane, two degrees of freedom of rotation and axial rotation of the loading chain), and adjustment of any angle and direction on the loading chain can be realized.
6. The design of the profiling wedge block clamp increases the clamping area, adjusts the clamping mode to enable the clamping force of a test piece with the same size to be larger, and also enables the loading force to be larger (the friction force of the traditional wedge block and the test piece is changed into the adhesive force of the wedge block and the test piece and the strength of the wedge block material to act together).
7. The quick-wear parts in the adjusting device and the parts with high positioning precision requirements are in standardized design, the important parts adopt the easy-to-machine parts and the standard parts of the rotary parts, the loss is reduced, the service life of the device is prolonged, and the rigidity of the whole device is not influenced.
8. The centering device is connected with the whole machine loading chain, the strength of the whole device is improved, the damage and the deformation to the loading shaft are reduced, meanwhile, the adjusting block is fixedly connected with the parent body, the single loading of the adjusting block is changed into the loading of the whole loading chain, the inner part of the adjusting block is connected by a flange, meanwhile, the centering gap in the loading chain is eliminated, the rigidity of the adjusting device has no influence on the rigidity of the whole machine system, meanwhile, the adjusting module is fixedly connected with the whole machine loading chain, the external force borne by the adjusting device is borne by the whole machine, the strength of the device is improved, and the rigidity of the device is increased by installing the adjusting module on the same parent body, so that the device is.
9. The centering device is connected with the loading chain, and the flange connection is adopted to improve the strength and eliminate the gap; the centering device has strong adaptability, and loading chains with different shaft diameters can be installed by adjusting the sizes of the parent body and other parts.
10. The centering device can be matched with various clamps, occupies small space, is simple to operate, has high repeated adjustment precision, and can improve the experimental precision and enable the measured data to be more accurate.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a centering sensor mounting shaft of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of a centering sensor of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the centering adjustment device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the centering adjustment device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of the centering adjustment device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the loading chain of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an isometric view of the load chain of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a front view of a four-axis loading chain of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an exploded isometric view of the wedge profiling fixture of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is an exploded isometric view of the stand of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the complete machine of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is an exploded view of a coarse tuning device of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a front view of the complete machine of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is an enlarged partial view of a centering sensor of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. an electrically actuated cylinder; 2. a parent body; 3. an angle adjusting bolt; 4. a fixing ring; 5. an angle adjustment shaft; 6. a coaxial adjusting bolt; 7. a sensor connecting shaft; 8. a sensor connecting bolt; 9. a force sensor; 10. locking a ring; 11. a guide shaft; 12. a pull rod mounting bolt; 13. a pull rod; 14. a clamp; 15. a clamp wedge; 16. a test piece; 17. fixing the ring and installing the bolt; 18. a support plate; 19. a support block; 20. a support frame; 21. a supporting seat; 22. a guide shaft slider; 23. a V-shaped block; 24. a base plate; 25. centering the sensor; 26. and (5) installing a bolt by the electric cylinder.
Detailed Description
The details of the present invention and its embodiments are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 14, the four-axis centering adjustment system and method for the biaxial tensile testing machine of the invention solve the problem that the coaxiality of the loading chain of the existing biaxial testing machine needs to be disassembled and the loading chain cannot be adjusted in real time, and fill the blank of the prior art to a certain extent; the adjustment amount reaches 0.01 mm/grid, and the adjustment range is +/-0.5 mm and +/-0.35 degrees; the double-shaft centering sensor can identify 5 degrees of freedom such as coaxiality, angle, torsion and the like of the loading chain, and can analyze the perpendicularity of two shafts in the orthogonal direction and the planeness formed by the axes, and the detection precision is 0.01 mm; the coarse adjustment device can be used for limiting to prevent the overload of the loading shaft from generating danger and can also be used for coarsely adjusting four degrees of freedom of the loading chain; the centering device and the clamp are in threaded connection and combination, so that five degrees of freedom can be adjusted, and the precision is correspondingly matched with that of the detection device; the device is connected with the whole machine loading chain, so that the strength of the whole device is improved, the damage to the loading shaft is reduced, the system adaptability is strong, loading chains in different forms and various types of clamps can be matched, the space occupation is small, the operation is simple, the repeated adjustment precision is high, the experiment precision is improved, and the measured data is more accurate.
Referring to fig. 6 to 8, the four-axis centering adjustment system for the biaxial tensile testing machine of the present invention includes a main shaft loading chain, a centering adjustment device, a centering sensor and a feedback device, and a frame, wherein the centering adjustment device is mounted on the main shaft loading chain, the main shaft loading chain is mounted on the frame, and a detection and feedback mechanism is mounted on the frame for detecting and controlling an adjustment amount.
The main shaft loading chain comprises an electric actuating cylinder 1, an electric cylinder mounting bolt 26, a sensor connecting bolt 8, a force sensor 9, a matrix 2, an angle adjusting shaft 5, a sensor connecting shaft 7, a coaxial adjusting bolt 6, a locking ring 10, a guide shaft 11, a clamp 14, a wedge block 15 and a test piece 16; the electric actuating cylinder 1 is installed on the supporting block 19 through eight electric cylinder installation bolts 26, a parent body 2 of the centering adjusting device is in threaded connection with an output shaft of the electric actuating cylinder 1, an angle adjusting shaft 5 of the centering adjusting device is installed on the parent body 2 through a threaded output shaft, a force sensor 9 is installed on a sensor connecting shaft 7 through 12 sensor connecting bolts 8, and the force sensor 9 is positioned on the sensor connecting shaft 7 through a cylindrical pin; the guide shaft 11 is screwed into the force sensor 9, the locking ring 10 is sleeved on the connecting shaft neck of the guide shaft 11, the guide shaft 11 is arranged on the V-shaped block 23, the clamp 14 is arranged on the guide shaft 11 through a clamp connecting bolt, and the test piece 16 is arranged on the clamp 14.
Referring to fig. 3 to 5, the centering adjustment device includes a parent body 2, an
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 14, the centering sensor and the feedback device include a
Referring to fig. 6, the electric actuator 1 adopts a folding type electric cylinder CDJ2D16-100Z-M9B-B, and the stroke of the electric cylinder is 100 mm.
The six-dimensional force sensor adopts HBM-U10M, and the maximum measuring range of the force sensor is 125 KN.
The grating ruler adopts Heidenhain-Aelb-382c, and the maximum measuring range of the grating ruler is 250 mm.
Referring to fig. 10 to 13, the frame includes a supporting
Referring to fig. 1 to 14, the assembly of the complete machine installation and centering adjustment device of the present invention comprises the following steps:
step 1, assembling a frame:
1.1, firstly, placing a
1.2, mounting a
1.3, ensuring that the supporting
1.4, overturning the platform, installing the other
Step 2, installing the electric cylinder, inserting the corresponding mark into the corresponding hole position to ensure the accuracy of the installing spigot, and simultaneously applying a fixed torque to pre-tighten the bolt according to the loading requirement to complete the installation of the electric cylinder;
3.1, assembling a centering adjusting device:
3.1.1, placing the matrix 2 on a horizontal table, wiping the mounting surface, smearing lubricating grease on the mounting surface and the matched hole positions, and standing for preparation;
3.1.2, fixing the matrix, placing the
3.1.3, leveling the angle adjusting shaft, then leveling after integral pre-tightening is completed, and finally applying pre-tightening force specified by national standards;
3.1.4, after the installation, keeping the fixation, wiping the installation surface of the matrix 2, smearing lubricating grease on the installation surface and the matching hole positions, and standing for preparation;
3.1.5, mounting a fixing ring 4 on a parent body 2, sequentially screwing two opposite bolts, leveling, pre-tightening every two opposite bolts to finish 6 groups of bolts, leveling, applying pre-tightening force specified by national standards, and screwing an angle adjusting bolt 3 (the bolt contacts the surface of an angle connecting shaft);
3.1.6, placing a sensor connecting shaft 7 in the middle of an
3.1.7, corresponding the direction of the adjusting bolt of the whole device to the mounting threaded hole (ensuring the correctness and uniqueness of the adjusting direction);
3.2, installing a sensor:
3.2.1, installing a spigot of a force sensor and sensor connecting shaft 7, ensuring that the two axes are vertical to the end face and are tightly matched, aligning a
3.2.2, wiping the mounting surface, coating lubricating grease on the mounting surface and the matching hole positions, and screwing the
3.2.3, coating lubricating grease on the middle threaded hole, and standing for preparation;
3.3, installing a guide shaft and a locking ring:
3.3.1, placing the assembled centering adjusting device on a horizontal table, installing two locking rings 10 at a guide shaft and connecting a middle threaded shaft of a
3.3.2, screwing the
3.3.3, the minimum axial distance of the contact surface of the end surfaces of the two locking rings 10 when the locking rings are screwed in is to ensure that the guide shaft corresponds to the connecting direction of an assembled loading chain, the axial lines are coaxial, and the end surfaces are vertical;
step 4, installing the assembled loading chain:
4.1, hoisting the loading chain by using a crown block to finish the assembly with a spigot of the electric actuating cylinder 1, aligning a bolt mounting hole position and enabling the equipment use adjusting direction to be parallel to the front face of the host, screwing in a bolt, rotating an output shaft of the electric cylinder, adjusting the direction of a parent body to be parallel to the front face of the whole machine, and screwing down the bolt;
4.2, placing the guide shaft on the V-shaped
4.3, installing a
4.4, placing the
4.5, inserting the
4.6, adjusting the orientation of the whole loading chain to be consistent with the orientation of the front face of the whole machine, then screwing the bolt, simultaneously ensuring that the orientation of the clamp is parallel to one of the adjustment directions, and aligning the central axis of the
4.7, opening the electric cylinder to pre-tighten the clamp and eliminate the clearance of the loading chain: firstly, the electric cylinder is loaded on a loading chain without a gap (the force value is kept unchanged or the variation amount is small) to keep a loading state, the numerical value change of the
step 7, applying a pulling force to the electric actuating cylinder 1 in the horizontal direction, loading a centering sensor, detecting the axial strain in the horizontal direction to determine the offset direction and the offset, roughly adjusting the V-shaped block 23 on the support frame 20 to reduce the numerical variation, adjusting the strain distribution type, adjusting an angle adjusting module to adjust the strain distribution to be in the same direction, and having monotonicity, (one end is screwed in to the depth and the other end is correspondingly screwed out to the same depth during adjustment to prevent the part from being damaged or deformed by overload), adjusting the coaxiality again, and keeping the numerical deviation to be reduced or keeping the deviation magnitude of the deviation to be 10-3Continuously loading and checking whether the value is changed in the same axial direction or the variation is 5% of the value of the loading amount, finally carrying out complete unloading and carrying out repeated test (firstly, adjusting the loading chain on one side, after the stretching reaches the standard, if the loading chain on the other side is not required to be adjusted for a plurality of times until the repeated test reaches the standard after unloading), and finishing the centering adjustment in the horizontal direction of the whole machine; then, adjusting the coaxiality of the longitudinal loading chain according to the same steps;
step 8, adjusting the perpendicularity and the flatness of the composition of two orthogonal loading chains loaded by four shafts, firstly loading the four-axial electric actuating cylinder 1 and simultaneously applying tension, detecting whether the strain values of the four stretching arms are consistent by the loading centering sensor 25, and performing centering adjustment by adjusting the four-axial centering adjusting device, the support frame 20 and the V-shaped block 23Adjusting (mainly an angle adjusting shaft), adjusting the strain distribution to be in the same axial direction, wherein the strain distribution of the two shafts tends to be consistent or has monotonicity, then adjusting the two axial directions in the orthogonal direction to make the distribution trends of the two shafts in the orthogonal direction tend to be consistent, adjusting the coaxiality adjusting shaft in each axial direction after the adjustment to ensure that the strain distribution values in each axial direction are consistent (one end is screwed in to the depth and the other end is correspondingly screwed out to the same depth simultaneously during the adjustment to prevent the overload damage or deformation of parts), and finally adjusting the coaxiality and keeping the deviation of the values to be reduced or keeping the deviation magnitude to be 10-3Continuously loading and checking whether the value is changed in the same axial direction or the variation is 5% of the value of the loading amount, finally carrying out complete unloading and carrying out repeated test (firstly, adjusting the loading chain on one side, after the stretching reaches the standard, if the loading chain on the other side is not required to be adjusted for a plurality of times until the repeated test reaches the standard after unloading), and finishing the centering adjustment in the horizontal direction of the whole machine; then, adjusting the coaxiality of the longitudinal loading chain according to the same steps;
step 9, pretensioning the centering sensor 9, loading in elastic deformation, keeping the force at 5% of the yield limit, recording the data of the force sensor 9 and the data of the centering sensor, checking the force and the torque in two orthogonal directions vertical to the plane of the loading chain, firstly adjusting the angle adjusting bolt on the spherical surface to reduce the torque in the direction vertical to the loading chain to the minimum value (or less than 5% of the loading force) and not increase along with the increase of the loading force, then adjusting the coaxiality adjusting direction to make the values of the force sensor and the centering sensor in the two orthogonal directions vertical to the plane of the loading chain be the minimum value (or less than 5% of the loading force) and not increase along with the increase of the loading force, then keeping the force at 10% and 15% of the yield limit, repeating the above steps, and loading the force value to the elastic limit after reaching the standard, the bias force is kept within 5% of the loading force or has small variation, or the displacement output by a grating ruler of the electric actuating cylinder is collected to calculate corresponding strain and stress to check whether the bias force is in a qualified range;
And finishing the loading and calibration of the whole machine adjusting device, and performing formal tensile test.
The above description is only a preferred example of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
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