阅读说明：本技术 对中调整装置及调整方法 (Centering adjustment device and adjustment method ) 是由 赵宏伟 孟凡越 张建海 陈俊先 赵久成 秦学志 侯伟光 石成玉 于 2019-12-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种对中调整装置及调整方法,属于同轴度校准领域。包括主轴加载链、对中调整机构、检测及反馈机构、机架,对中调整机构安装在主轴加载链上,主轴加载链安装在机架上,检测及反馈机构安装在机架上,用于检测和控制调整量。装置安装在试验机上,可实现五个自由度的调整(加载链安装正交平面两自由度、转动两自由度及加载链轴向转动)可实现加载链上任何角度和方向的调整,不仅可以实现在单轴拉伸试验机上进行单向拉伸,而且还可以再增设一套调整装置实现双向拉伸的对中调整,装置适配性强,也可安装再其他种类的试验机,同时能够匹配不同轴径夹具或加载链,空间占用小,操作简单,可重复调整,能够提高实验精度,使测量数据更加精确。(The invention relates to a centering adjusting device and a centering adjusting method, and belongs to the field of coaxiality calibration. The device comprises a main shaft loading chain, a centering adjusting mechanism, a detecting and feedback mechanism and a rack, wherein the centering adjusting mechanism is arranged on the main shaft loading chain, the main shaft loading chain is arranged on the rack, and the detecting and feedback mechanism is arranged on the rack and used for detecting and controlling the adjustment amount. The device is installed on the testing machine, can realize the adjustment of any angle and direction on the loading chain in the adjustment of five degrees of freedom (loading chain installation quadrature plane two degrees of freedom, rotate two degrees of freedom and loading chain axial rotation), not only can realize carrying out unidirectional stretching on unipolar tensile testing machine, but also can add one set of adjusting device again and realize bidirectional stretching's centering adjustment, device suitability is strong, also can install other kinds of testing machine again, can match different shaft footpath anchor clamps or loading chain simultaneously, the space occupies for a short time, the operation is simple, can repeatedly adjust, the experiment precision can be improved, make measured data more accurate.)

1. A centering adjustment device, characterized in that: the centering adjusting mechanism is arranged on the main shaft loading chain, the main shaft loading chain is arranged on the rack, and the detection and feedback mechanism is arranged on the rack to detect and control the adjustment quantity;

the main shaft loading chain is as follows: the electric actuating cylinder (28) is arranged on the lower platform (17), an electric cylinder connecting shaft (27) is arranged on an output shaft of the electric actuating cylinder (28), the six-dimensional force sensor (15) is arranged on the main shaft (13), the six-dimensional force sensor (15) is positioned on the main shaft (13) through a positioning pin (11), the clamp connecting shaft (16) is arranged on the six-dimensional force sensor (15), and the upper clamp (20) is arranged on the clamp connecting shaft (16); the test piece (23) is tightly pressed and installed in the upper clamp (20) through the cover plate (21), the lower clamp (24) is installed on the supporting seat (25) through a flange, the supporting seat (25) is installed on the electric cylinder connecting shaft (27) through a flange, and the electric cylinder connecting shaft (27) is connected with the electric actuating cylinder (28) through a flange; the main shaft (13) penetrates into the centering fixing sleeve (2) and is fixed on the upper top cover (31) through the locking nut (1).

2. Centering adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the centering adjusting mechanism is as follows: eight adjusting shafts (8) are arranged on the parent body (4), the adjusting shafts (8) are arranged in a middle adjusting block (9), and a locking pin (7) is inserted into the middle adjusting block (9) to lock the adjusting shafts (8); the pin shaft sleeve (12) is arranged on the parent body (4), the positioning pin (11) is arranged on the pin shaft sleeve (12), and the middle adjusting block (9) is positioned and arranged on the parent body (4) by the two positioning pins (11); the coaxiality adjusting sleeve (3) is sleeved on the main shaft (13), the angle adjusting sleeve (5) is sleeved on the main shaft (13), the coaxiality adjusting sleeve (3) is installed on the end face of the parent body (4), and the angle adjusting sleeve (5) is installed on the lower end face of the parent body (4); the round plug (6) is installed on the middle adjusting block (9), the square plug (10) is installed on the middle adjusting block (9), and the matrix (4) is installed on a shaft shoulder of the main shaft (13).

3. Centering adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the detection and feedback mechanism is as follows: six-dimensional force transducer (15) are installed on the loading chain, and host computer and treater pass through USB data line connection six-dimensional force transducer (15), and host computer and treater are installed in the frame, and the grating chi output displacement information on electric action cylinder (28) transmits for the host computer.

4. Centering adjustment device according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: the electric actuating cylinder (28) adopts a folding type electric cylinder CDJ2D16-100Z-M9B-B, and the stroke of the electric cylinder is 100 mm.

5. Centering adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the frame is as follows: the upper top cover (31) is arranged on four guide columns (30) through adjusting nuts (29), the guide columns (30) are arranged on the lower platform (17), and the lower platform (17) is arranged on the vibration isolation platform (18).

6. A centering adjustment method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

step (1), installing a loading chain: the method comprises the following steps of installing guide columns (30) on a lower platform (17), installing the lower platform (17) on a vibration isolation platform (18), installing an upper top cover (31) on four guide columns (30), screwing the guide columns (30) by using lock nuts (1), installing an electric action movable cylinder (28) on the lower platform (17), connecting a supporting seat (25) through an electric cylinder connecting shaft (28), connecting a lower clamp (24) through a flange, pressing a test piece (23) through a cover plate (21) for installing the lower clamp, and completing installation of a lower loading chain;

step (2), assembling all parts of the centering adjustment mechanism;

step (3), after the centering mechanism is installed, inserting a main shaft (13) into a centering fixing sleeve (2), fixedly installing the main shaft on an upper top cover (31) by using a double-locking nut (1), connecting the other end of the main shaft (13) with a six-dimensional force sensor (15) through six hexagon socket head cap bolts, sequentially pre-tightening two opposite bolts when installing the main shaft on the six-dimensional force sensor (15), connecting the other end of the six-dimensional force sensor (15) with a clamp connecting shaft (16) by using a flange, connecting a clamp (20) to the lower end of the clamp connecting shaft (16) through a flange, adjusting the direction of the centering adjusting mechanism to ensure that the front direction of the upper clamp (20) is consistent with the adjusting direction of the centering adjusting mechanism, installing a sample (23) and;

step (4), installing and calibrating the coaxiality of the centering adjusting mechanism: adjusting shafts (8) in four directions of the lower layer of the mother body (4) for controlling the coaxiality, checking whether the axial corresponding force values and torques of all adjusting shafts of the six-dimensional force sensor (15) are changed singly, or rotating the direction of the centering adjusting mechanism until the axial numerical values of the six-dimensional force sensor (15) corresponding to the four directions of the adjusting shafts (8) are changed singly, locking the adjusting shafts (8) in the four directions of the upper layer of the mother body (4), and completing the coaxiality installation and calibration of the centering adjusting mechanism;

step (5), angle installation and calibration of the centering adjusting mechanism: adjusting shafts (8) in four directions for controlling angle adjustment at the lower layer of the mother body (4), checking whether the axial corresponding force values and torques of all the adjusting shafts (8) of the six-dimensional force sensor (15) are changed singly or not, otherwise, rotating the direction of the centering adjusting mechanism until the axial values of the six-dimensional force sensor (15) corresponding to the four directions of the adjusting shafts (8) are changed singly, locking the adjusting shafts (8) in the four directions of the lower layer of the mother body (4), and completing the coaxiality installation and calibration of the centering adjusting mechanism;

step (6), tightening cover plates (21) of an upper clamp and a lower clamp, checking whether axial torque of a loading chain of a six-dimensional force sensor (15) changes, if the torque exists, firstly unloading bolts, adjusting the orientation of the upper loading chain and the lower loading chain until no torque exists, then screwing in a small number of bolts, firstly pre-tightening bolts arranged diagonally, finely adjusting the orientation of the clamps until the torque value does not change, then tightening the bolts, checking whether the axial torque of the loading chain of the six-dimensional force sensor (15) changes, if the axial torque of the loading chain of the six-dimensional force sensor (15) changes, continuously and repeatedly adjusting until the axial torque of the loading chain does not change, and completing angular alignment of;

step (7), pre-stretching the test piece, loading in elastic deformation, keeping the force at 5% of the yield limit, recording the data of a six-dimensional force sensor (15), checking the force and the torque in two orthogonal directions vertical to the plane of a loading chain, firstly adjusting an angle adjusting knob on a spherical surface to reduce the torque in the direction vertical to the loading chain to a minimum value or less than 5% of the loading force and not increase along with the increase of the loading force, then adjusting the coaxiality adjusting direction to ensure that the values in the two orthogonal directions vertical to the plane of the loading chain of the six-dimensional force sensor are minimum values or less than 5% of the loading force and not increase along with the increase of the loading force, then keeping the force at 10% and 15% of the yield limit, repeating the steps, loading the force value to the elastic limit after the standard is reached, keeping the biasing force within 5% of the loading force or keeping small variation, or the displacement output by the grating ruler of the electric actuating cylinder (28) is collected to calculate corresponding strain and stress to check whether the bias force is in a qualified range;

and (8) simulating the loading chain, calculating displacement offset and angle offset according to the displacement and the direction force value corresponding to the sensor, then calculating the adjustment amount distributed to each adjusting shaft, adjusting the corresponding adjusting shaft (8), and finally finishing the loading and calibration of the centering adjusting device of the whole machine.

7. The centering adjustment method according to claim 6, characterized in that: assembling the parts of the centering adjusting mechanism in the step (2), specifically:

2.1, firstly installing a main shaft (13), installing a centering fixing sleeve (2) in a groove of an upper top cover (31), installing the main shaft (13) in the centering fixing ring (2), installing a coaxiality adjusting sleeve (3), an angle adjusting sleeve (5) and a matrix (4) on the main shaft (13), positioning by utilizing a shaft shoulder of the main shaft, and then fixing in the groove of the upper top cover by using an adjusting nut (29);

2.2, matching and numbering corresponding positioning pins (11) and pin shaft sleeves (12), installing the pin shaft sleeves (12) on the parent body (4), inserting the positioning pins (11) into the corresponding pin shaft sleeves (12), and simultaneously performing label positioning on each adjusting direction on the parent body (4);

2.3, eight adjusting shafts (8) are arranged on the parent body (4), a round top head (6) is arranged on a middle adjusting block (9) on the upper layer of the parent body (4), a square top head (10) is arranged on the middle adjusting block (9), and the amount of clearance is reserved;

2.4, four middle adjusting blocks (9) with round top heads (6) are arranged on the upper layer of the parent body (4) in four directions, eight pin shafts (11) are used for positioning with the bottom surface of the parent body (4), four middle adjusting blocks (9) with square top heads (10) are also arranged on the lower layer of the parent body (4) in four directions, eight pin shafts (11) are used for positioning with the bottom surface of the parent body (4), a centering fixing sleeve (2) is arranged, and a coaxiality adjusting sleeve (3) and an angle adjusting sleeve (5) are adjusted to the middle;

2.5, respectively installing 32 locking pins (7) on the middle adjusting block (9), coating lubricating grease on the parent body (4) and each adjusting shaft (8), installing the adjusting shafts (8) in the corresponding direction of the parent body (4) according to the sequence of the labels, and pre-tightening the adjusting shafts (8);

and 2.6, fine-adjusting whether the adjusting shaft (8) is unsmooth or jammed and the like, aligning the matrix and the frame in the forward direction, and screwing the adjusting shaft (8) after aligning to complete assembly of all parts of the centering adjusting mechanism.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of coaxiality calibration, in particular to a centering adjusting device and a centering adjusting method.

Background

With the development of economy and the progress of science and technology, the tester industry is developed vigorously like the spring bamboo shoots after rain, various testers with different purposes are continuously emerged, the tester can measure the mechanical property, the process property, the internal defect, the dynamic unbalance amount of the checking rotating part and the like of materials, and the tester is more and more widely applied to the fields of the mechanical industry and the like. The traditional coaxiality adjusting mode of the testing machine is manual adjustment, but the manual adjustment is low in efficiency, different in standard and limited in adjusting amount, and the testing machine is easy to damage, the precision does not reach the standard, the stability is poor and the like, so that the centering adjusting device is designed for solving the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a centering adjusting device and a centering adjusting method, which solve the problems that the coaxiality of a loading chain of the existing testing machine needs to be disassembled and the loading chain cannot be adjusted in real time, and fill the blank of the prior art to a certain extent; the device solves the problems that the adjustment precision of manual assembly is not controllable, adjustment is realized once, the stability is good, repeated adjustment is not needed, the reliability is high, the adjustment shaft is indexed, the adjustment amount reaches 0.01mm, the adjustment range is large (plus or minus 0.5 mm), the angular adjustment spherical radius on a matrix reaches the center of a loading test piece, and the adjustment angle can be plus or minus 0.35 degrees; the combination of the device and the clamp rotary table can realize the adjustment of five degrees of freedom (the loading chain is provided with two degrees of freedom of an orthogonal plane, rotates two degrees of freedom and axially rotates the loading chain), and can realize the adjustment of any angle and direction on the loading chain; the easily-damaged parts and the parts with high positioning precision requirement in the adjusting device are in standardized design, and easily-processed parts such as pin sleeves and gaskets and standard parts are adopted, so that the loss is reduced, the service life of the device is prolonged, and the rigidity of the whole device is not influenced; the device does not bear the load of a test loading chain, the rigidity of the adjusting device has no influence on the rigidity of a whole machine system, and meanwhile, the adjusting module is fixedly connected with the rack, so that the external force borne by the adjusting device is borne by the whole machine, the strength of the device is improved, and the rigidity of the device is increased by arranging the adjusting module on the same matrix, so that the device is more stable and safer in the loading process; the connection loading chain adopts flange connection to improve the strength and eliminate the gap; each middle adjusting block is positioned by two pin shafts on the parent body and the lower surface of the parent body (one surface is provided with two pins); the device is arranged on a testing machine, has strong adaptability, and is used for installing loading chains with different shaft diameters by adjusting the sizes of a parent body and other parts; other types of testing machines such as compression testing machines, torsion testing machines, bending testing machines, universal testing machines, etc. can also be installed; the matched clamps are various in types, small in occupied space, simple to operate and high in repeated adjustment precision; simultaneously, unidirectional stretching on a uniaxial tensile testing machine can be realized, and a set of adjusting device can be additionally arranged to realize bidirectional stretching, so that the experiment precision can be improved, and the measured data is more accurate.

The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

the centering adjusting device is integrally installed on the testing machine and comprises a main shaft loading chain, a centering adjusting mechanism, a detection and feedback mechanism and a rack, wherein the centering adjusting mechanism is installed on the main shaft loading chain, the main shaft loading chain is installed on the rack, and the detection and feedback mechanism is installed on the rack and used for detecting and controlling the adjustment amount.

The main shaft loading chain is as follows: the electric actuating cylinder 28 is arranged on the lower platform 17, the electric cylinder connecting shaft 27 is arranged on an output shaft of the electric actuating cylinder 28, the six-dimensional force sensor 15 is arranged on the main shaft 13, the six-dimensional force sensor 15 is positioned on the main shaft 13 through the positioning pin 11, the clamp connecting shaft 16 is arranged on the six-dimensional force sensor 15, and the upper clamp 20 is arranged on the clamp connecting shaft 16; the test piece 23 is tightly pressed and installed in the upper clamp 20 by the cover plate 21, the lower clamp 24 is installed on a support seat 25 through a flange, the support seat 25 is installed on an electric cylinder connecting shaft 27 through a flange, and the electric cylinder connecting shaft 27 is connected with an electric actuating cylinder 28 through a flange; the main shaft 13 penetrates into the centering fixing sleeve 2 and is fixed on the upper top cover 31 by the locking nut 1.

The centering adjusting mechanism is as follows: the eight adjusting shafts 8 are arranged on the parent body 4, the adjusting shafts 8 are arranged in a middle adjusting block 9, and the locking pin 7 is inserted into the middle adjusting block 9 to lock the adjusting shafts 8; the pin shaft sleeve 12 is arranged on the parent body 4, the positioning pin 11 is arranged on the pin shaft sleeve 12, and the middle adjusting block 9 is positioned and arranged on the parent body 4 by the two positioning pins 11; the coaxiality adjusting sleeve 3 is sleeved on the main shaft 13, the angle adjusting sleeve 5 is sleeved on the main shaft 13, the coaxiality adjusting sleeve 3 is installed on the end face of the parent body 4, and the angle adjusting sleeve 5 is installed on the lower end face of the parent body 4; the round top 6 is arranged on the middle adjusting block 9, the square top 10 is arranged on the middle adjusting block 9, and the matrix 4 is arranged on the shaft shoulder of the main shaft 13.

The detection and feedback mechanism is as follows: the six-dimensional force sensor 15 is installed on the loading chain, the host and the processor are connected with the six-dimensional force sensor 15 through a USB data line, the host and the processor are installed on the rack, and the grating ruler on the electric actuating cylinder 28 outputs displacement information to be transmitted to the host.

The electric actuating cylinder 28 adopts a folding type electric cylinder CDJ2D16-100Z-M9B-B, and the stroke of the electric cylinder is 100 mm.

The frame is as follows: the upper top cover 31 is mounted on four guide posts 30 through adjusting nuts 29, the guide posts 30 are mounted on the lower platform 17, and the lower platform 17 is mounted on the vibration isolation table 18.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a centering adjustment method, which includes the following steps:

step 1, installing a loading chain: installing guide pillars 30 on a lower platform 17, installing the lower platform 17 on a vibration isolation table 18, installing an upper top cover 31 on four guide pillars 30, screwing the guide pillars 30 by using locking nuts 1, installing an electric actuating cylinder 28 on the lower platform 17, connecting a supporting seat 25 through an electric cylinder connecting shaft 28, connecting a lower clamp 24 through a flange, and tightly pressing a test piece 23 by using a cover plate 21 provided with the lower clamp to complete the installation of a lower loading chain;

step 2, assembling all parts of the centering adjusting mechanism:

2.1, firstly installing a main shaft 13, installing a centering fixing sleeve 2 in a groove of an upper top cover 31, installing the main shaft 13 in the centering fixing ring 2, installing a coaxiality adjusting sleeve 3, an angle adjusting sleeve 5 and a matrix 4 on the main shaft 13, positioning by using a shaft shoulder of the main shaft, and then fixing in the groove of the upper top cover by using an adjusting nut 29;

2.2, matching and numbering corresponding positioning pins 11 and pin shaft sleeves 12, installing the pin shaft sleeves 12 on the parent body 4, inserting the positioning pins 11 into the corresponding pin shaft sleeves 12, and simultaneously performing label positioning on each adjusting direction on the parent body 4;

2.3, eight adjusting shafts 8 are arranged on the parent body 4, the round top 6 is arranged on a middle adjusting block 9 on the upper layer of the parent body 4, and the square top 10 is arranged on the middle adjusting block 9, so that the gap amount is reserved;

2.4, four middle adjusting blocks 9 with round top heads 6 are arranged on the upper layer of the parent body 4 in four directions, positioned with the bottom surface of the parent body 4 by eight pin shafts 11, four middle adjusting blocks 9 with square top heads 10 are also arranged on the lower layer of the parent body 4 in four directions, positioned with the bottom surface of the parent body 4 by eight pin shafts 11, provided with a centering fixed sleeve 2, and the coaxiality adjusting sleeve 3 and the angle adjusting sleeve 5 are adjusted to be in the middle;

2.5, respectively installing 32 locking pins 7 on a middle adjusting block 9, coating lubricating grease on the parent body 4 and each adjusting shaft 8, installing the adjusting shafts 8 in the corresponding direction of the parent body 4 according to the sequence of the labels, and pre-tightening the adjusting shafts 8;

and 2.6, checking whether the fine adjustment shaft 8 has the problems of unsmooth or blockage and the like, righting the matrix to be coincided with the frame in the positive direction after error-free, and screwing the adjustment shaft 8 after righting to finish the assembly of all parts of the centering adjustment mechanism.

Step 3, after the centering mechanism is installed, inserting the main shaft 13 into the centering fixing sleeve 2, fixedly installing the main shaft on the upper top cover 31 by using the double-locking nut 1, connecting the other end of the main shaft 13 with the six-dimensional force sensor 15 through six hexagon socket head cap bolts, sequentially pre-tightening two opposite bolts when installing the six-dimensional force sensor 15, connecting the other end of the six-dimensional force sensor 15 with the clamp connecting shaft 16 by using a flange, connecting the lower end of the clamp connecting shaft 16 with the upper clamp 20 by using a flange, adjusting the direction of the centering adjusting mechanism to ensure that the front direction of the upper clamp 20 is consistent with the adjusting direction of the centering adjusting mechanism, installing the sample 23, and installing;

step 4, installing and calibrating the coaxiality of the centering adjusting mechanism: adjusting the adjusting shafts 8 in the four directions of the lower layer control coaxiality of the matrix 4, checking whether the axial corresponding force values and torques of the adjusting shafts of the six-dimensional force sensor 15 are changed singly or not, and if not, rotating the direction of the centering adjusting mechanism until the axial values of the six-dimensional force sensor 15 corresponding to the four directions of the adjusting shafts 8 are changed singly, locking the adjusting shafts 8 in the four directions of the upper layer of the matrix 4, and completing the coaxiality installation and calibration of the centering adjusting mechanism;

step 5, angle installation and calibration of the centering adjusting mechanism: adjusting the adjusting shafts 8 in the four directions for controlling angle adjustment at the lower layer of the mother body 4, checking whether the axial corresponding force values and torques of the adjusting shafts 8 of the six-dimensional force sensor 15 are changed singly or not, if not, rotating the direction of the centering adjusting mechanism until the axial values of the six-dimensional force sensor 15 corresponding to the four directions of the adjusting shafts 8 are changed singly, locking the adjusting shafts 8 in the four directions at the lower layer of the mother body 4, and completing the coaxiality installation and calibration of the centering adjusting mechanism;

step 6, tightening cover plates 21 of an upper clamp and a lower clamp, checking whether axial torque of a loading chain of the six-dimensional force sensor 15 changes, if the torque exists, firstly unloading bolts, adjusting the orientation of the upper and lower loading chains until no torque exists, then screwing in a small number of bolts, firstly pre-tightening bolts arranged diagonally, finely adjusting the orientation of the clamp until the torque value is unchanged, then tightening the bolts, checking whether the axial torque of the loading chain of the six-dimensional force sensor 15 changes, if the torque changes, continuing to repeatedly adjust until the torque does not change, and finishing the angular centering of the upper and lower loading chains;

step 7, pre-stretching the test piece, loading in elastic deformation, keeping the force under a force value of 5% of the yield limit, recording data of a six-dimensional force sensor 15, checking the force and the torque in two orthogonal directions vertical to the plane of a loading chain, firstly adjusting an angle adjusting knob on a spherical surface to reduce the torque in the direction vertical to the loading chain to a minimum value or less than 5% of the loading force and not increase along with the increase of the loading force, then adjusting the coaxiality adjusting direction to ensure that the value in the two orthogonal directions vertical to the plane of the loading chain of the six-dimensional force sensor is a minimum value or less than 5% of the loading force and does not increase along with the increase of the loading force, then keeping the force under the force values of 10% and 15% of the yield limit, repeatedly carrying out the steps, loading the force value to the elastic limit after the standard is reached, keeping the bias force to be consistent with the variation within 5% of the loading force or very small, or collecting the displacement output by the grating ruler of the electric actuating cylinder 28 to calculate corresponding strain and stress to check whether the bias force is in a qualified range;

and 8, simulating the loading chain, calculating displacement offset and angle offset according to the displacement and the direction force value corresponding to the sensor, then calculating the adjustment amount distributed to each adjusting shaft, adjusting the corresponding adjusting shaft 8, and finally finishing the loading and calibration of the centering adjusting device of the whole machine.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention solves the problem that the coaxiality of the loading chain of the existing testing machine needs to be disassembled and the loading chain can not be adjusted in real time, and fills the blank of the prior art to a certain extent.

2. The invention solves the problem that the adjustment precision of manual assembly is not controllable, the adjustment is realized only once, the stability is good, the repeated adjustment is not needed, the reliability is high, the adjustment shaft is indexed, the adjustment amount reaches 0.01mm, the adjustment range is large (plus or minus 0.5 mm), the angular adjustment spherical radius on the matrix reaches the center of a loading test piece, and the adjustment angle can reach plus or minus 0.35 degrees.

3. The device and the clamp turntable can realize the adjustment of five degrees of freedom (two degrees of freedom of a loading chain installation orthogonal plane, two degrees of freedom of rotation and axial rotation of the loading chain) and the adjustment of any angle and direction on the loading chain.

4. The easily-damaged parts and the parts with high positioning precision requirements in the adjusting device are in standardized design, and easily-machined parts such as pin sleeves and gaskets and standard parts are adopted, so that the loss is reduced, the service life of the device is prolonged, and the rigidity of the whole device is not influenced.

5. The invention does not bear the load of a test loading chain, the rigidity of the adjusting device has no influence on the rigidity of the whole machine system, and meanwhile, the adjusting module is fixedly connected with the rack, so that the external force borne by the adjusting device is borne by the whole machine, the strength of the invention is improved, and the rigidity of the device is increased by arranging the adjusting module on the same matrix, so that the device is more stable and safer in the loading process.

6. The connecting and loading chain adopts flange connection to improve the strength and eliminate gaps; each middle adjusting block is positioned by two pin shafts on the parent body and the lower surface of the parent body (one surface is provided with two pins).

7. The loading chain mounting device is mounted on a testing machine, has strong adaptability, and is used for mounting loading chains with different shaft diameters by adjusting the sizes of a parent body and other parts.

8. The present invention can be applied to other types of testing machines such as compression testing machines, torsion testing machines, bending testing machines, universal testing machines, and the like.

9. The invention can match various types of clamps, occupies small space, is simple to operate and has high repeated adjustment precision.

10. The invention can realize unidirectional stretching on a uniaxial tensile testing machine, and can also realize bidirectional stretching by additionally arranging a set of adjusting device, thereby improving the experimental precision and ensuring that the measured data is more accurate.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention.

FIG. 1 is a top view of the centering adjustment mechanism of the present invention installed;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the centering adjustment mechanism of the present invention installed;

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the centering adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a front view of the centering adjustment mechanism of the present invention installed;

FIG. 5 is a full cross-sectional view of the centering adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of the centering adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a front view of the complete machine of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a left side view of the complete machine of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a front view of the load chain installation of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional view of the complete machine loading chain attachment of the present invention;

figure 11 is an isometric view of a parent body of the centering device of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. locking the nut; 2. centering the fixed sleeve; 3. a coaxiality adjusting sleeve; 4. a parent body; 5. an angle adjusting sleeve; 6. a circular plug; 7. a locking pin; 8. an adjustment shaft; 9. a middle adjusting block; 10. a square plug; 11. positioning pins; 12. a pin bush; 13. a main shaft; 14. a sensor connecting bolt; 15. a six-dimensional force sensor; 16. a clamp connecting shaft; 17. a lower platform; 18. a vibration isolation table; 19. an upper clamp connecting bolt; 20. an upper clamp; 21. a cover plate; 22. a cover plate bolt; 23. a test piece; 24. a lower clamp; 25. a supporting seat; 26. the lower clamp is connected with a bolt; 27. an electric cylinder connecting shaft; 28. an electrically actuated cylinder; 29. adjusting the nut; 30. a guide post; 31. and (4) a top cover.

Detailed Description

The details of the present invention and its embodiments are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 to 11, the centering adjustment device and the adjustment method of the invention solve the problems that the centering adjustment of the loading chain of the testing machine is low in adjustment precision by manual assembly, and the real-time centering adjustment cannot be realized by disassembling the loading chain, have good stability, do not need to be repeatedly adjusted, have high reliability, and simultaneously index the adjustment shaft, so that the adjustment amount reaches 0.01mm, and the adjustment range reaches (+/-0.5 mm and +/-0.35 degrees); the device can realize the adjustment of five degrees of freedom (two degrees of freedom of a loading chain installation orthogonal plane, two degrees of freedom of rotation and axial rotation of the loading chain), and can realize the adjustment of any angle and direction on the loading chain; the device does not bear the load of a test loading chain in the loading chain, the installation of the adjusting device has no influence on the rigidity of the whole machine system, and meanwhile, the adjusting module is fixedly connected with the rack, so that the external force borne by the adjusting device is borne by the whole machine, the strength of the device is improved, and the rigidity of the device is increased by installing the adjusting module on the same matrix, so that the device is more stable and safer in the loading process; the device installs on the testing machine, not only can realize carrying out unidirectional stretching on unipolar tensile testing machine, but also can add one set of adjusting device again and realize bidirectional stretching's centering adjustment, and device suitability is strong, also can install other kinds of testing machine again, can match different footpath anchor clamps or loading chain simultaneously, and the space occupies for a short time, easy operation, but repeated adjustment can improve the experiment precision, makes measured data more accurate.

Referring to fig. 6 to 10, the centering adjustment device of the present invention, integrally installed on a testing machine, includes a main shaft loading chain, a centering adjustment mechanism, a detection and feedback mechanism, and a frame, wherein the centering adjustment mechanism is installed on the main shaft loading chain, the main shaft loading chain is installed on the frame, and the detection and feedback mechanism is installed on the frame for detecting and controlling the adjustment amount.

The main shaft loading chain comprises an electric action cylinder 28, an electric cylinder connecting shaft 27, a six-dimensional force sensor 15, a main shaft 13, a clamp connecting shaft 16, an upper clamp 20, a cover plate 21, a test piece 23, a lower clamp 24, a supporting seat 25 and a centering fixing sleeve 2; the electric actuating cylinder 28 is installed on the lower platform 17 through an outer hexagon bolt, the electric cylinder connecting shaft 27 is installed on an output shaft of the electric actuating cylinder 28 through six inner hexagon bolts, the six-dimensional force sensor 15 is installed on the main shaft 13 through six sensor connecting bolts 14, the six-dimensional force sensor 15 is positioned on the main shaft 13 through a positioning pin 11, and the installation of the lower loading chain is completed; sleeving a parent body 4 of the centering adjusting mechanism on a shaft shoulder of a main shaft 13, installing a clamp connecting shaft 16 on a six-dimensional force sensor 15 through a flange bolt, and installing an upper clamp 20 on the clamp connecting shaft 16 through six upper clamp connecting bolts 19; the test piece 23 is tightly pressed and installed in the upper clamp 20 by a cover plate 21 and a cover plate bolt 22, the lower clamp 24 is installed on a support seat 25 through a flange, the support seat 25 is installed on an electric cylinder connecting shaft 27 through a flange and a lower clamp connecting bolt 26, and the electric cylinder connecting shaft 27 is connected with an electric actuating cylinder 28 through a flange; the main shaft 13 penetrates into the centering fixing sleeve 2 and is fixed on the upper top cover 31 through the locking nut 1, and the assembly of the main shaft loading chain is completed.

The centering adjusting mechanism comprises a matrix 4, an adjusting shaft 8, a tightening pin 7, a middle adjusting block 9, a positioning pin 11, a pin shaft sleeve 12, a coaxiality adjusting sleeve 3, an angle adjusting sleeve 5, a round top 6, a square top 10 and a centering fixing sleeve 2; the eight adjusting shafts 8 are arranged on the parent body 4, the adjusting shafts 8 are arranged in the middle adjusting block 9, and the locking pin 7 is inserted into the middle adjusting block 9 to lock the adjusting shafts 8; the pin shaft sleeve 12 is arranged on the parent body 4, the positioning pin 11 is arranged on the pin shaft sleeve 12, and the middle adjusting block 9 is positioned and arranged on the parent body 4 by the two positioning pins 11; the coaxiality adjusting sleeve 3 is sleeved on the main shaft 13, the angle adjusting sleeve 5 is sleeved on the main shaft 13, the coaxiality adjusting sleeve 3 is installed on the upper end face of the parent body 4, and the angle adjusting sleeve 5 is installed on the lower end face of the parent body 4; circular top 6 is installed on middle adjusting block 9, and square top 10 is installed on middle adjusting block 9, parent 4 is installed on 13 shoulders of main shaft, and fixed cover 2 of centering simultaneously overlaps on 13 main shaft, installs on last top cap 31, accomplishes centering device's equipment.

The detection and feedback mechanism comprises a six-dimensional force sensor 15, a host and a processor; the six-dimensional force sensor 15 is installed on the loading chain, the host and the processor are connected with the six-dimensional force sensor 15 through a USB data line, the host and the processor are installed on the rack to receive and process data, and the grating ruler on the electric actuating cylinder 28 outputs displacement information to be transmitted to the host.

The electric actuating cylinder 28 adopts a folding type electric cylinder CDJ2D16-100Z-M9B-B, and the stroke of the electric cylinder is 100 mm.

The machine frame comprises four guide posts 30, adjusting nuts 29, an upper top cover 31, a lower platform 17 and a vibration isolation table 18; the upper top cover 31 is mounted on four guide posts 30 through adjusting nuts 29, the guide posts 30 are mounted on the lower platform 17, and the lower platform 17 is mounted on the vibration isolation table 18, so that the assembly of the rack is completed.

The six-dimensional force sensor adopts HBM-U10M, and the maximum measuring range of the force sensor is 125 KN.

The grating ruler adopts Heidenhain-Aelb-382c, and the maximum measuring range of the grating ruler is 250 mm.

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the centering adjustment device of the present invention is assembled as follows:

1. firstly, a main shaft 13 is installed, a centering fixing sleeve 2 is installed in a groove of an upper top cover 31, the main shaft 13 is installed in a centering fixing ring 2, a coaxiality adjusting sleeve 3, an angle adjusting sleeve 5 and a matrix 4 are installed on the main shaft 13, the main shaft is positioned by using a shaft shoulder of the main shaft, and then the main shaft is fixed in the groove of the upper top cover through an adjusting nut 29 of the upper top cover;

2. the corresponding positioning pin 11 and the pin shaft sleeve 12 (16 pairs in total) are numbered in a matching way, the pin shaft sleeve 12 on the parent body 4 is installed, the positioning pin 11 is inserted into the corresponding pin shaft sleeve 12, and meanwhile, the label positioning is carried out on each adjusting direction on the parent body 4;

3. installing eight adjusting shafts 8 on a parent body 4, installing a round top head 6 on a middle adjusting block 9 on the upper layer of the parent body 4, and installing a square top head 10 on the middle adjusting block 9 to reserve the gap amount;

4. four middle adjusting blocks 9 with round top heads 6 are arranged on the upper layer of the parent body 4 in four directions, eight pin shafts 11 are used for positioning with the bottom surface of the parent body 4 (one surface is provided with two pins), four middle adjusting blocks 9 with square top heads 10 are also arranged on the lower layer of the parent body 4 in four directions, eight pin shafts 11 are used for positioning with the bottom surface of the parent body 4, a centering fixed sleeve 2 is arranged, and a coaxiality adjusting sleeve 3 and an angle adjusting sleeve 5 are adjusted to be in the middle;

5. 32 locking pins 7 on the middle adjusting block 9 are respectively installed, lubricating grease is coated on the matrix 4 and each adjusting shaft 8, the adjusting shafts 8 are installed in the corresponding direction of the matrix 4 according to the sequence of the marks, and the adjusting shafts 8 are pre-tightened;

6. and (3) whether the fine adjustment shaft 8 is unsmooth or jammed and the like are caused, after the detection is correct, the matrix is aligned to be overlapped with the frame in the forward direction, and the adjustment shaft 8 is screwed after the alignment, so that the assembly of all parts of the centering adjustment mechanism is completed.

The centering adjustment method comprises the following steps:

step (1), installing a loading chain: installing guide pillars 30 on a lower platform 17, installing the lower platform 17 on a vibration isolation platform 18, installing an upper top cover 31 on four guide pillars 30, screwing the guide pillars 30 by using lock nuts 1, installing an electric action cylinder 28 on the lower platform 17, connecting a supporting seat 25 through an electric cylinder connecting shaft 28, connecting a lower clamp 24 through a flange, installing a cover plate 21 of the lower clamp (sequentially pre-tightening two opposite bolts to prevent the cover plate 21 from being uneven), pressing a test piece 23, and completing the installation of a lower loading chain;

step (2), assembling all parts of the centering adjustment mechanism;

step (3), after the centering mechanism is installed, inserting a main shaft 13 into a centering fixing sleeve 2, fixedly installing the main shaft 13 on an upper top cover 31 by using a double-locking nut 1, connecting the other end of the main shaft 13 with a six-dimensional force sensor 15 through six hexagon socket head cap bolts, sequentially pre-tightening two opposite bolts (preventing the device from being stuck) when the main shaft is installed on the six-dimensional force sensor 15, connecting the other end of the six-dimensional force sensor 15 with a clamp connecting shaft 16 by using a flange, connecting a clamp 20 to the flange at the lower end of the clamp connecting shaft 16, adjusting the direction of the centering adjusting mechanism to enable the front direction of the upper clamp 20 to be consistent with the adjusting direction of the centering adjusting mechanism, installing a sample 23, and installing a cover plate 21 of the;

step (4), installing and calibrating the coaxiality of the centering adjusting mechanism: adjusting the adjusting shafts 8 in the four directions of the lower layer control coaxiality of the matrix 4, checking whether the axial corresponding force values and torques of the adjusting shafts 8 of the six-dimensional force sensor 15 are changed singly or not, and if not, rotating the direction of the centering adjusting mechanism until the axial values of the six-dimensional force sensor 15 corresponding to the four directions of the adjusting shafts 8 are changed singly, locking the adjusting shafts 8 in the four directions of the upper layer of the matrix 4, and completing the coaxiality installation and calibration of the centering adjusting mechanism;

step (5), angle installation and calibration of the centering adjusting mechanism: adjusting the adjusting shafts 8 in the four directions for controlling angle adjustment at the lower layer of the mother body 4, checking whether the axial corresponding force values and torques of the adjusting shafts 8 of the six-dimensional force sensor 15 are changed singly or not, if not, rotating the direction of the centering adjusting mechanism until the axial values of the six-dimensional force sensor 15 corresponding to the four directions of the adjusting shafts 8 are changed singly, locking the adjusting shafts 8 in the four directions at the lower layer of the mother body 4, and completing the coaxiality installation and calibration of the centering adjusting mechanism;

step (6), tightening cover plates 21 of an upper clamp and a lower clamp, checking whether axial torque of a loading chain of the six-dimensional force sensor 15 changes, if the torque exists, firstly unloading bolts, adjusting the orientation of the upper loading chain and the lower loading chain until no torque exists, then screwing in a small number of bolts, firstly pre-tightening bolts arranged diagonally, finely adjusting the orientation of the clamp until the torque value does not change, then tightening the bolts, checking whether the axial torque of the loading chain of the six-dimensional force sensor 15 changes, if the torque changes, continuing to repeatedly adjust until the torque does not change, and finishing the angular centering of the upper loading chain and the lower loading chain;

step (7), pre-stretching the test piece, loading in elastic deformation, keeping the force at 5% of the yield limit, recording the data of a six-dimensional force sensor (15), checking the force and the torque in two orthogonal directions vertical to the plane of a loading chain, firstly adjusting an angle adjusting knob on a spherical surface to reduce the torque in the directions vertical to the loading chain to a minimum value (or less than 5% of the loading force) and not increase along with the increase of the loading force, then adjusting the coaxiality adjusting direction to ensure that the values in the two orthogonal directions vertical to the plane of the loading chain of the six-dimensional force sensor are minimum values (or less than 5% of the loading force) and not increase along with the increase of the loading force, then keeping the force at 10% and 15% of the yield limit, repeating the steps, loading the force to the elastic limit after the standard is reached, and keeping the biasing force within 5% of the loading force or small variation, or collecting the displacement output by the grating ruler of the electric actuating cylinder 28 to calculate corresponding strain and stress to check whether the bias force is in a qualified range;

and (8) simulating the loading chain by using abqus simulation software, calculating displacement offset and angle offset according to the displacement and the direction force value corresponding to the sensor, then calculating the adjustment amount distributed to each adjustment shaft, adjusting the corresponding adjustment shaft 8, and finally finishing the loading and calibration of the whole centering adjustment device.

And (5) finishing the adjustment of the coaxiality of the whole machine, and performing formal tensile test.

The above description is only a preferred example of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.