阅读说明：本技术 一种方捆机出口草捆密度监测装置及其监测方法 (Square baler outlet bale density monitoring device and monitoring method thereof ) 是由 张安琪 孟志军 安晓飞 王培� 邱权 高娜娜 尹彦鑫 武广伟 于 2019-10-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及农用机械技术领域,提供一种方捆机出口草捆密度监测装置及其监测方法,方捆机出口草捆密度监测装置包括草捆称重单元、草捆长度检测单元及信息处理单元；草捆称重单元设在方捆机的落草板上,对下落至落草板上的草捆的重量进行检测；草捆长度检测单元包括安装在落草板上的棘轮机构,棘轮机构在草捆从落草板上滑落的过程中,通过检测其棘轮的转动角度来获取草捆的长度；信息处理单元包括数据处理模块,数据处理模块根据方捆机打捆室的横截面积、草捆的长度与重量,计算得到草捆的密度；本发明可十分便捷地对方捆机出口实时输出的草捆进行密度检测及远程监测,其检测数据准确,为方捆机作业质量评价提供了有力的数据支撑。(The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and provides a device and a method for monitoring the density of bales at an outlet of a square baler; the bale weighing unit is arranged on a grass falling plate of the square baler and is used for detecting the weight of the bales falling onto the grass falling plate; the bale length detection unit comprises a ratchet mechanism arranged on the grass falling plate, and the ratchet mechanism obtains the length of the bale by detecting the rotation angle of a ratchet wheel of the ratchet mechanism in the process that the bale slides off the grass falling plate; the information processing unit comprises a data processing module, and the data processing module calculates the density of the bales according to the cross section area of the baling chamber of the square baler and the length and weight of the bales; the invention can conveniently carry out density detection and remote monitoring on the bales output by the outlet of the square baler in real time, has accurate detection data and provides powerful data support for evaluating the operation quality of the square baler.)

1. A device for monitoring the density of bales at an outlet of a square baler,

comprises a bale weighing unit, a bale length detection unit and an information processing unit;

the bale weighing unit is arranged on a grass falling plate of the square baler and is used for detecting the weight of the bales falling onto the grass falling plate;

the bale length detection unit comprises a ratchet mechanism arranged on the grass falling plate, and the ratchet mechanism obtains the length of the bale by detecting the rotation angle of a ratchet wheel of the ratchet mechanism in the process that the bale slides off the grass falling plate;

the information processing unit comprises a data processing module, and the data processing module obtains the volume of the bales according to the cross section area of the baling chamber of the square baler and the obtained bale length, and calculates the density of the bales according to the weight of the bales.

2. The square baler outlet bale density monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the information processing unit further comprises a positioning module and a data transmission module, the data processing module and the positioning module being respectively in communication connection with the data transmission module;

the positioning module is used for monitoring the operation position information of the square baler;

the data transmission module is used for transmitting the acquired information of the data processing module and the positioning module to a background server in real time.

3. The square baler outlet bale density monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the bale weighing unit comprises an angle sensor and two tension sensors;

the angle sensor is arranged on one side edge of the grass falling plate and used for detecting an included angle between the grass falling plate and a horizontal plane;

the two tension sensors are respectively arranged on two side edges of the grass falling plate, one end of each tension sensor is connected with one side edge of the grass falling plate, and the other end of each tension sensor is connected with the side wall of the corresponding side at the outlet of the bundling chamber;

the angle sensor and the tension sensor are respectively in communication connection with the data processing module.

4. The square baler outlet bale density monitoring device of claim 3, wherein one end of the tension sensor is connected with one end of a right-angle bracket, and the other end of the right-angle bracket is hinged with one side edge of the grass falling plate;

the other end of the tension sensor is connected with a lifting ring nut, the lifting ring nut is connected with one end of a supporting chain, and the other end of the supporting chain is connected with the side wall of the corresponding side at the outlet of the bundling chamber.

5. The square baler outlet bale density monitoring device of claim 3, wherein the bottom at the outlet of the baling chamber is connected to an upper end of a boom, a lower end of the boom being hinged to a side of the litter plate opposite the baling chamber.

6. The square baler outlet bale density monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the ratchet mechanism comprises a ratchet, a shaft, a motor and an encoder;

the ratchet wheel is coaxially arranged in the middle of the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the lower side of the grass falling plate and is close to the non-hinged end of the grass falling plate;

the non-hinged end of the grass falling plate is provided with a abdicating notch corresponding to the ratchet wheel, and the rim of the ratchet wheel is exposed to the upper side of the end surface of the grass falling plate;

the output shaft of the motor and the encoder are coaxially connected with the rotating shaft.

7. The square baler outlet bale density monitoring device of claim 6, wherein the ratchet mechanism further comprises a friction disc and a friction pad;

the friction disc is coaxially arranged on the rotating shaft, the friction cushion block is arranged on the grass falling plate, and the edge of the friction disc is in contact with the friction cushion block.

8. A method of monitoring an outlet bale density monitoring apparatus of a square baler according to any one of claims 1-7, characterised in that it comprises:

s1, acquiring the weight of the bale through a bale weighing unit;

s2, detecting the rotation angle of the ratchet wheel in the process that the bale slides from the grass falling plate, obtaining the length of the bale, and calculating the volume of the bale according to the cross-sectional area of the baling chamber and the length of the bale;

and S3, calculating the density of the bales according to the corresponding relation between the weight and the volume of the bales.

9. The monitoring method according to claim 8,

further comprising:

and S4, transmitting the operation position information of the square baler and the density information of each bale to the background server in real time.

10. The monitoring method according to claim 8 or 9,

step S1 further includes: establishing a mathematical model between the tension of the support chain and the weight of the bale when the bale is in a side-turning state:

G_P.cosβ.(l/2)+G_B.cosβ.l＝T.sinα.d；

wherein G is_BRepresenting the weight of the bale; g_PThe weight of the grass falling plate is determined, beta is an included angle between the grass falling plate and the horizontal plane, which is detected by an angle sensor, l is the length of the grass falling plate, and T is a tension value detected by a tension sensor; d is the distance between the mounting shaft hole of the support chain and the mounting shaft hole of the right-angle bracket, and alpha is the included angle between the support chain and the grass falling plate;

step S2 further includes: establishing a mathematical model of the rotation angle of the ratchet wheel and the volume of the bale:

L＝θ/360*2π*r；

V＝L*h*b；

wherein, L represents the length of a single bale, theta is the rotation angle of the ratchet wheel, r is the maximum radius of the ratchet wheel, h is the height of the baling chamber, and b is the width of the baling chamber.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a device and a method for monitoring the density of bales at an outlet of a square baler.

Background

In recent years, with the shortage of fossil energy and the gradual deterioration of agricultural environment, people pay more and more attention to sustainable development and environmental protection, and the development and utilization of biomass resources are gradually concerned by countries around the world.

As a world agriculture kingdom, China has abundant crop straws and is restricted by technical conditions, most of the straws are treated by incineration at present, and the treatment mode not only causes resource waste, but also has serious influence on the environment. In order to realize high-efficiency utilization of crop straws and reduce environmental pollution and resource waste, the problem of straw collection, storage and transportation is firstly solved. In northern China, China and other areas, because of the restrictions of the conditions of land block fine crushing, long land block distance and the like, the miniaturized square baler has wide application in the field of northern straw harvesting, particularly wheat straw harvesting, according to the characteristics of convenience in transfer and transportation, good adaptability, high baling quality, high operating efficiency and the like.

In use, the baler is usually engaged with a tractor and is pulled forward by the tractor. When the square baler moves forward, the matched spiral feeding device collects various straws scattered in a farmland, and feeds the collected straws into a baling chamber of the square baler in batches, and in the process, a compression mechanism matched in the baling chamber compresses the straws in a reciprocating manner; when the straws are compressed into a preset shape and size, binding and knotting the compressed square straw bundle through a bundling needle and a knotter; and finally, pushing the straw bundle out of the bundling chamber, conveying the straw bundle to a straw falling plate hinged to the outlet of the bundling chamber, and then sliding into the farmland from the straw falling plate, wherein one end of the straw falling plate is hinged to the bottom plate at the outlet of the bundling chamber, and two side edges of the straw falling plate, far away from the hinged end, are respectively and correspondingly connected with two side walls at the outlet of the bundling chamber through supporting chains.

The most direct index for evaluating the operating efficiency and quality of the square baler is the outlet bale density. However, most of the small square baler in the market at present is of a pure mechanical structure and does not have a hydraulic-electric control system, and the bale density information at the outlet of the small square baler cannot be obtained in real time, while a foreign large square baler is provided with an electro-hydraulic system, and can reversely push the bale density inside a baling chamber through the pressure of the hydraulic system, but no related technical scheme is provided for the bale density at the outlet of the square baler at present.

It follows that, based on the prior art solutions, it is currently not possible to obtain the density of the bales at the outlet of the baler. The density information of the bales at the outlet of the square baler has important significance for adjusting and optimizing the operating parameters of the square baler, scientifically managing the machine movement and improving the operating efficiency of machines and tools, so that the effective monitoring of the density of the bales at the outlet of the square baler is particularly necessary.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

The invention aims to provide a device and a method for monitoring the density of bales at an outlet of a square baler, which are used for solving the problem that the density of bales at the outlet of the square baler cannot be obtained based on the existing design scheme of the square baler.

(II) technical scheme

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an outlet bale density monitoring device of a square baler, which comprises a bale weighing unit, a bale length detecting unit and an information processing unit; the bale weighing unit is arranged on a grass falling plate of the square baler and is used for detecting the weight of the bales falling onto the grass falling plate; the bale length detection unit comprises a ratchet mechanism arranged on the grass falling plate, and the ratchet mechanism obtains the length of the bale by detecting the rotation angle of a ratchet wheel of the ratchet mechanism in the process that the bale slides off the grass falling plate; the information processing unit comprises a data processing module, and the data processing module obtains the volume of the bales according to the cross section area of the baling chamber of the square baler and the length of the obtained bales, and calculates the density of the bales according to the weight of the bales.

Preferably, the information processing unit further comprises a positioning module and a data transmission module, and the data processing module and the positioning module are respectively in communication connection with the data transmission module; the positioning module is used for monitoring the operation position information of the square baler; the data transmission module is used for transmitting the acquired information of the data processing module and the positioning module to a background server in real time.

Preferably, the bale weighing unit comprises an angle sensor and two tension sensors; the angle sensor is arranged on one side edge of the grass falling plate and used for detecting an included angle between the grass falling plate and a horizontal plane; the two tension sensors are respectively arranged on two side edges of the grass falling plate, one end of each tension sensor is connected with one side edge of the grass falling plate, and the other end of each tension sensor is connected with the side wall of the corresponding side at the outlet of the bundling chamber; the angle sensor and the tension sensor are respectively in communication connection with the data processing module.

Preferably, one end of the tension sensor is connected with one end of a right-angle support, and the other end of the right-angle support is hinged with one side edge of the grass falling plate; the other end of the tension sensor is connected with a lifting ring nut, the lifting ring nut is connected with one end of a supporting chain, and the other end of the supporting chain is connected with the side wall of the corresponding side at the outlet of the bundling chamber.

Preferably, the bottom of the outlet of the baling chamber is connected with the upper end of a suspension arm, and the lower end of the suspension arm is hinged with the side, opposite to the baling chamber, of the grass falling plate.

Preferably, the ratchet mechanism comprises a ratchet wheel, a rotating shaft, a motor and an encoder; the ratchet wheel is coaxially arranged in the middle of the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the lower side of the grass falling plate and is close to the non-hinged end of the grass falling plate; the non-hinged end of the grass falling plate is provided with a abdicating notch corresponding to the ratchet wheel, and the rim of the ratchet wheel is exposed to the upper side of the end surface of the grass falling plate; the output shaft of the motor and the encoder are coaxially connected with the rotating shaft.

Preferably, the ratchet mechanism further comprises a friction disc and a friction cushion block; the friction disc is coaxially arranged on the rotating shaft, the friction cushion block is arranged on the grass falling plate, and the edge of the friction disc is in contact with the friction cushion block.

Preferably, the invention also provides a monitoring method based on the device for monitoring the density of the bales at the outlet of the square baler, which comprises the following steps:

s1, acquiring the weight of the bale through a bale weighing unit;

s2, detecting the rotation angle of the ratchet wheel in the process that the bale slides from the grass falling plate, obtaining the length of the bale, and calculating the volume of the bale according to the cross-sectional area of the baling chamber and the length of the bale;

and S3, calculating the density of the bales according to the corresponding relation between the weight and the volume of the bales.

Preferably, the present invention further comprises: and S4, transmitting the operation position information of the square baler and the density information of each bale to the background server in real time.

Preferably, step S1 in the present invention further includes: establishing a mathematical model between the tension of the support chain and the weight of the bale when the bale is in a side-turning state:

G_P.cosβ.(l/2)+G_B.cosβ.l＝T.sinα.d；

wherein G is_BRepresenting the weight of the bale; g_PThe weight of the grass falling plate is determined, beta is an included angle between the grass falling plate and the horizontal plane, which is detected by an angle sensor, l is the length of the grass falling plate, and T is a tension value detected by a tension sensor; d is the distance between the mounting shaft hole of the support chain and the mounting shaft hole of the right-angle bracket, and alpha is the included angle between the support chain and the grass falling plate;

step S2 further includes: establishing a mathematical model of the rotation angle of the ratchet wheel and the volume of the bale:

L＝θ/360*2π*r；

V＝L*h*b；

wherein, L represents the length of a single bale, theta is the rotation angle of the ratchet wheel, r is the maximum radius of the ratchet wheel, h is the height of the baling chamber, and b is the width of the baling chamber.

(III) technical effects

The invention provides a device and a method for monitoring the density of a bale at an outlet of a square baler.

Therefore, the monitoring device disclosed by the invention is simple in structure, convenient to install and strong in adaptability, can be used for conveniently detecting the bale density output by the outlet of the square baler in real time, is accurate in detection data, provides powerful data support for evaluating the operation quality of the square baler, and can be widely applied to agricultural machinery cooperative and agricultural machinery manufacturers.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a square baler equipped with a bale density monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of a square baler equipped with a bale density monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a force analysis of the bale and the grass-falling plate in a side-turning state of the bale according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a block flow diagram of a monitoring method based on the bale density monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a bundling chamber; 2. a grass falling plate; 3. a support chain; 4. an angle sensor; 5. a tension sensor; 6. a right-angle bracket; 7. a lifting eye nut; 8. a suspension arm; 9. a ratchet wheel; 10. a rotating shaft; 11. a motor; 12. an encoder; 13. a abdication gap; 14. a friction disk; 15. a friction cushion block; 16. and (5) baling the grass.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

The embodiment provides a device for monitoring the density of bales at an outlet of a square baler, which comprises a bale weighing unit, a bale length detection unit and an information processing unit; the bale weighing unit is arranged on the grass falling plate 2 of the square baler and detects the weight of the bales 16 falling onto the grass falling plate 2; the bale length detection unit comprises a ratchet wheel 9 mechanism arranged on the grass falling plate 2, and the ratchet wheel 9 mechanism obtains the length of the bale 16 by detecting the rotation angle of the ratchet wheel 9 when the bale 16 slides off the grass falling plate 2; the information processing unit comprises a data processing module which obtains the volume of the bale 16 according to the cross-sectional area of the baling chamber 1 of the square baler and the obtained length of the bale 16, and calculates the density of the bale 16 according to the weight of the bale 16.

Specifically, a square baler known in the art is illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, and includes a baling chamber 1 and a grass falling plate 2, the baling chamber 1 is used for compressing straw into rectangular bales 16 and pushing the bales 16 onto the grass falling plate 2, one end of the grass falling plate 2 is hinged to a bottom plate at an outlet of the baling chamber 1, two side edges of the grass falling plate 2 away from a hinged end thereof are respectively correspondingly connected with two side walls at the outlet of the baling chamber 1 through support chains 3, and a non-hinged end of the grass falling plate 2 is generally arranged obliquely towards the ground relative to the hinged end thereof.

The bale weighing unit shown in this embodiment may use a platform scale arranged on the grass falling plate 2 to directly measure the weight of the bale 16 when weighing the square bale 16 output from the baling chamber 1, or may use a plurality of sensors associated with the grass falling plate 2 to indirectly measure the weight of the bale 16 by establishing a mechanical analysis model (see the following embodiments), but the present embodiment is not limited thereto, as long as the corresponding structure for measuring the weight of the bale 16 meets the design requirements of the present embodiment.

Therefore, in combination with the bale 16 density monitoring device shown in the embodiment, when the density is detected, the weight and the volume of a single bale 16 output by the square baler are respectively obtained, the weight of the bale 16 is detected by the bale weighing unit arranged on the grass falling plate 2, when the volume of the bale 16 is detected, as the bale 16 is bundled and output in the baling chamber 1, the cross-sectional area of the bale 16 is equal to that of the baling chamber 1, wherein the cross-sectional area of the baling chamber 1 is known, the length of the bale 16 can be obtained through the rotation angle of the ratchet wheel 9, the volume of the bale 16 can be further calculated, and finally, the density of the bale 16 can be calculated according to the corresponding relation between the weight and the volume of the bale 16.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the information processing unit further includes a positioning module and a data transmission module, and the data processing module and the positioning module are respectively connected to the data transmission module in a communication manner; the positioning module is used for monitoring the operation position information of the square baler; the data transmission module is used for transmitting the acquired information of the data processing module and the positioning module to the background server in real time.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the positioning module may adopt a GPS or beidou positioning mode to track the operation position of the baler in real time, the data transmission module may specifically adopt a DTU data transmission module, and wirelessly transmit the acquired information of the data processing module and the positioning module to the background server in real time in a GPRS or short message mode, so as to perform query and monitoring of related data at the background server. Meanwhile, the information processing unit can also be provided with a storage module for storing relevant data, such as a TF card.

Further, the bale weighing unit in this embodiment includes an angle sensor 4 and two tension sensors 5; referring to fig. 1, an angle sensor 4 is installed at one side of the grass falling plate 2 and used for detecting an included angle between the grass falling plate 2 and a horizontal plane; referring to fig. 1 and 2, two tension sensors 5 are respectively arranged on two side edges of the grass falling plate 2, one end of each tension sensor 5 is connected with one side edge of the grass falling plate 2, and the other end is connected with the side wall of the corresponding side at the outlet of the baling chamber 1; the angle sensor 4 and the tension sensor 5 are respectively in communication connection with the data processing module.

Specifically, one end of the tension sensor 5 is connected with one end of a right-angle bracket 6, and the other end of the right-angle bracket 6 is hinged with one side edge of the grass falling plate 2; the other end of the tension sensor 5 is connected with a lifting ring nut 7, the lifting ring nut 7 is connected with one end of a supporting chain 3, and the other end of the supporting chain 3 is connected with the side wall of the corresponding side at the outlet of the bundling chamber 1.

Meanwhile, in practical design, the width of the fixing surface of the right-angle bracket 6 connected with the tension sensor 5 is larger than that of the tension sensor 5, so as to ensure that the bale 16 cannot collide with the tension sensor 5 to cause damage when being pushed out on the grass falling plate 2.

In addition, the lifting ring nut 7 is arranged at the other end of the tension sensor 5, and the lifting ring nut 7 is connected with the supporting chain 3, so that the feeding amount of the lifting ring nut 7 can be adjusted to adjust the connection length of the tension sensor 5 and the supporting chain 3, and the included angle between the grass falling plate 2 and the outlet section of the grass bale 16 is ensured to be in a reasonable range.

Furthermore, the installation position of the lifting ring nut 7 can be fixed through the nut, so that the lifting ring of the lifting ring nut 7 can be prevented from rotating under the driving of the supporting chain 3 in the bundling operation process, and the influence of the rotation generated by the lifting ring nut 7 on the detection accuracy of the tension sensor 5 can be avoided.

Therefore, when the weight of the bales 16 is measured, the tension of the supporting chain 3 is gradually increased when the bales 16 are pushed out, when the bales 16 are about to turn on one side, the tension of the supporting chain 3 reaches the maximum value, so that compared with other output states of the bales 16, the supporting chain 3 is in a straight state relatively, and in the state, the data detected by the angle sensor 4 and the tension sensor 5 have a reference meaning, and the accuracy of measuring the weight of the bales 16 is ensured.

Referring to fig. 3, according to the force analysis of the bales 16 and the grass falling plates 2 in the side-turning state, the present embodiment can establish a mathematical model of the bales 16 in the side-turning state based on the tension of the support chain 3 and the weight of the bales 16 and the weight of the grass falling plates 2:

G_P.cosβ.(l/2)+G_B.cosβ.l＝T.sinα.d；

wherein G is_BRepresenting the weight of the bale; g_PThe weight of the grass falling plate is determined, beta is an included angle between the grass falling plate and the horizontal plane, which is detected by an angle sensor, l is the length of the grass falling plate, and T is a tension value detected by a tension sensor; d is the distance between the mounting shaft hole of the support chain and the mounting shaft hole of the right-angle bracket, and alpha is the included angle between the support chain and the grass falling plate.

Thus, the weight G of the bale 16 can be calculated from the mathematical model described above_B。

Further, in the present embodiment, the bottom of the outlet of the baling chamber 1 is connected to the upper end of the boom 8, and the lower end of the boom 8 is hinged to the side of the grass falling plate 2 opposite to the baling chamber 1.

Specifically, referring to fig. 1, in order to ensure the stability of the corresponding hinge structure between the grass falling plate 2 and the outlet of the baling chamber 1, two suspension arms 8 are connected to the bottom of the outlet of the baling chamber 1, and the lower ends of the two suspension arms 8 are respectively hinged to two sides of the hinge end of the grass falling plate 2.

Meanwhile, the suspension arm 8 is arranged at the hinged position of the outlet of the grass falling plate 2 and the outlet of the bundling chamber 1, so that the grass falling plate 2 and the bottom plate at the outlet of the bundling chamber 1 are installed in a staggered mode to form a height difference, the phenomenon that the front and the rear grass bundles 16 act on the grass falling plate 2 simultaneously is avoided, and the influence on the weight detection of the grass bundles 16 is avoided.

Further, referring to fig. 1, the ratchet 9 mechanism in this embodiment includes a ratchet 9, a rotating shaft 10, a motor 11 and an encoder 12; the ratchet wheel 9 is coaxially arranged in the middle of the rotating shaft 10, and the rotating shaft 10 is rotatably arranged on the lower side of the grass falling plate 2 and close to the non-hinged end of the grass falling plate 2; the non-hinged end of the grass falling plate 2 is provided with a abdicating notch 13 corresponding to the ratchet wheel 9, and the rim of the ratchet wheel 9 is exposed to the upper side of the end surface of the grass falling plate 2; the output shaft of the motor 11 and the encoder 12 are both coaxially connected with the rotating shaft 10.

Specifically, in the design of the ratchet wheel 9, the rim of the ratchet wheel 9 should be higher than the surface of the grass falling plate 2 by a certain height, which may be 15mm, so that on one hand, the ratchet wheel 9 can be rotated when pushing the grass bundle 16, and on the other hand, the situation that the grass bundle 16 cannot be pushed out due to the ratchet wheel 9 being installed too high is avoided.

In actual operation, the rotating shaft 10 is driven by the motor 11 to drive the ratchet wheel 9 to rotate synchronously, and since the encoder 12 is coaxially installed on the rotating shaft 10, the rotating angle of the ratchet wheel 9 can be detected through the encoder 12. As can be seen from the structure shown in fig. 1, the ratchet 9 is a saw-disc structure, and the ratchet 9 will move the bale 16 to slide down along the grass-falling plate 2 while rotating, so that the length of the bale 16 can be obtained by detecting the angle of rotation of the ratchet 9 when the bale 16 completely passes through the ratchet 9 under the condition that the maximum radius of the ratchet 9 is known, wherein the length and volume of the bale 16 can be obtained by referring to the following equation:

L＝θ/360*2π*r；

V＝L*h*b；

wherein, L represents the length of a single bale, theta is the rotation angle of the ratchet wheel, r is the maximum radius of the ratchet wheel, h is the height of the baling chamber, and b is the width of the baling chamber.

Since the maximum radius of the ratchet 9 and the height and width of the baling chamber 1 are known parameters, the volume of the bale 16 can be obtained from the above equation in the event that the angle through which the ratchet 9 rotates when a single bale 16 is detected to have fully passed the ratchet 9.

Further, in the embodiment, the ratchet 9 mechanism further includes a friction disc 14 and a friction pad 15; the friction disc 14 is coaxially arranged on the rotating shaft 10, the friction cushion block 15 is arranged on the grass falling plate 2, and the edge of the friction disc 14 is in contact with the friction cushion block 15.

In particular, referring to fig. 1, the friction disc 14 is in contact with the friction pad 15, so that the ratchet 9 is effectively prevented from idling due to vibration of the square baler during operation.

Further, referring to fig. 4, the present embodiment also provides a monitoring method based on the device for monitoring density of outlet bales 16 of the square baler, which comprises:

s1, acquiring the weight of the bale through a bale weighing unit;

s2, detecting the rotation angle of the ratchet wheel in the process that the bale slides from the grass falling plate, obtaining the length of the bale, and calculating the volume of the bale according to the cross-sectional area of the baling chamber and the length of the bale;

and S3, calculating the density of the bales according to the corresponding relation between the weight and the volume of the bales.

Specifically, based on the above embodiment, in step S1, the weight of the grass bale 16 can be obtained by establishing a moment balance equation based on the grass falling plate 2 through one angle sensor 4 and two tension sensors 5 arranged on the grass falling plate 2 when the grass bale 16 is in a side-turning state; meanwhile, the volume of the bale 16 may be calculated by monitoring the rotation angle of the ratchet 9 by providing the encoder 12 and its angle detecting device and establishing a mathematical equation based on the length and volume of the bale 16 in step S2, so that the density of the bale 16 may be obtained by dividing the weight of the bale 16 by its volume in step S3.

Therefore, the monitoring method shown in the embodiment is simple and convenient to operate, can be used for conveniently detecting the density of the bales 16 output by the outlet of the square baler in real time, is accurate in detection data, and can provide powerful data support for evaluating the operation quality of the square baler.

It should be noted that the angle sensor 4, the tension sensor 5 and the encoder 12 according to the present embodiment are respectively connected to a data acquisition transmitter through corresponding signal lines, the data acquisition transmitter converts analog signals detected by each detecting component into digital signals, the converted digital signals are connected to a data processing module (CPU) in the information processing unit through the signal lines, and the data processing module performs analysis calculation according to a corresponding mathematical model to obtain the density of each single bale 16.

Further, referring to fig. 4, the present embodiment further includes: and S4, transmitting the operation position information of the square baler and the density information of each bale to the background server in real time.

Specifically, the corresponding data information is transmitted to the background server in real time, so that related technical personnel can conveniently inquire and monitor the information in the background.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.