阅读说明：本技术 具有可转动的磁杆的永磁激励式电动机 (Permanent magnet motor with rotatable magnet bar ) 是由 卡斯滕·安格里克 沃尔夫冈·雷克 马蒂亚斯·格拉曼 彼得·施瓦纳曼 米里亚姆·恩格勒 于 2018-05-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种电机(20)的转子(1)。转子(1)包括：-转子主体(10),-旋转轴线(D),该旋转轴线在轴向(X)上延伸并且转子主体(10)可围绕该旋转轴线旋转,-外侧面(AM),外侧面限定转子主体(10),-至少一个极组件(2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9),以及-用于至少一个极组件(2-9)的运动机构,-运动机构如此构造,使得所述至少一个极组件(2-9)可围绕转动轴线(A)运动,转动轴线基本平行于转子(1)的旋转轴线(D),由此,至少一个极组件(2-9)除了围绕转子(1)的旋转轴线(D)转动,也可围绕其转动轴线(A)运动。本发明还涉及具有转子(1)和定子(21)的电机(20)。(The invention relates to a rotor (1) of an electric machine (20). A rotor (1) comprises: -a rotor body (10), -an axis of rotation (D) which extends in an axial direction (X) and about which the rotor body (10) is rotatable, -an outer side face (AM) which defines the rotor body (10), -at least one pole assembly (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9), and-a movement mechanism for the at least one pole assembly (2-9), -the movement mechanism being configured such that the at least one pole assembly (2-9) is movable about a rotational axis (a) which is substantially parallel to the axis of rotation (D) of the rotor (1), whereby the at least one pole assembly (2-9) is movable about its rotational axis (a) in addition to the rotational axis (D) of the rotor (1). The invention also relates to an electric machine (20) having a rotor (1) and a stator (21).)

1. Rotor (1) of an electrical machine (20), comprising:

-a rotor body (10),

-a rotation axis (D) extending in an axial direction (X) and about which the rotor body (10) is rotatable,

-an outer lateral face (AM) defining the rotor body (10),

-at least one pole assembly (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9), and

-a movement mechanism for the at least one pole assembly (2-9),

-wherein the movement mechanism is configured such that the at least one pole assembly (2-9) is movable about a rotation axis (a) which is substantially parallel to the rotation axis (D) of the rotor (1), whereby the at least one pole assembly (2-9) is movable about its rotation axis (a) in addition to rotating about the rotation axis (D) of the rotor (1).

2. The rotor as set forth in claim 1, wherein,

-wherein the movement mechanism comprises an actuator for moving the at least one pole assembly (2-9),

-wherein preferably the movement mechanism comprises a hydraulically or pneumatically operable actuator or an electric actuator, in particular an electric motor.

3. The rotor according to claim 1 or 2,

-wherein the movement mechanism has at least one locking device for the at least one pole assembly (2-9),

-wherein preferably the at least one locking means is configured like an external calliper brake, which acts on the at least one pole assembly (2-9) from the outside to limit the movement of the at least one pole assembly,

-wherein preferably the at least one locking means comprises different adjustment positions,

-wherein preferably the at least one locking means comprises at least a first adjustment position and a second adjustment position,

-wherein preferably in one adjustment position the spacing between a first pole body element of the pole assembly and the outer side face (AM) is smaller than the spacing between a second pole body element of the pole assembly and the outer side face (AM).

4. The rotor of any one of claims 1 to 3,

-wherein the movement mechanism is arranged between the rotation axis (D) and the at least one pole assembly (2-9), which is preferably spaced apart from the rotation axis (D) in a radial direction (R),

-wherein preferably said movement mechanism is arranged between said outer lateral surface (AM) and said at least one pole assembly (2-9), said at least one pole assembly preferably being spaced apart from said outer lateral surface (AM) in a radial direction (R).

5. The rotor of any one of the preceding claims,

-wherein the movement mechanism is configured as a hollow cylinder to accommodate the at least one pole assembly (2-9) on its inside,

wherein preferably the movement means comprise a rotation axis of its own, in particular a rotation axis,

-wherein preferably the movement mechanism comprises a bearing unit by means of which the at least one pole assembly (2-9) can rotate freely,

-wherein preferably the movement mechanism comprises a bearing unit in which at least one magnetic and/or magnetizable and/or non-magnetic pole body element of the at least one pole assembly (2-9) is rotatably accommodated,

-wherein preferably the movement mechanism is symmetrical, in particular rotationally symmetrical, about its axis of rotation (a).

6. The rotor of any one of the preceding claims,

-wherein the at least one pole assembly (2-9) comprises a magnetic pole and/or a magnetisable pole (N, S),

-wherein preferably the at least one pole assembly (2-9) comprises a first pole (N) and/or a second pole (S),

-wherein preferably the at least one pole assembly (2-9) comprises at least one magnetic pole body element, in particular a permanent magnet and/or a magnetizable and/or non-magnetic pole body element,

-wherein preferably the at least one pole body element constitutes a pole assembly (2-9),

preferably, the at least one magnetic and/or magnetizable pole body element is designed in the form of a square, preferably rod.

7. The rotor of any one of the preceding claims,

-wherein the at least one pole assembly (2-9) has a symmetrically configured shaping, the geometric centre of which coincides with its center of mass so as to be rotatable about the axis of rotation,

-wherein preferably the at least one pole assembly comprises a rotation axis, preferably substantially parallel to the rotation axis (D),

-wherein preferably the at least one pole assembly (2-9) is configured as a rotatable rod,

-wherein preferably the at least one pole assembly (2-9) comprises a circular cross-section,

-wherein preferably the at least one pole assembly (2-9) is composed of at least two pole body elements (N, S), which preferably constitute half of the shaping of the at least one pole assembly (2-9),

-wherein preferably at least three pole assemblies (2-9) constitute a V-shaped arrangement or a spoke-shaped arrangement,

-wherein preferably the at least three pole assemblies (2-9) have different spacings relative to the outer lateral surface (AM) of the rotor (1), wherein only the two pole assemblies with the smallest spacing relative to the outer lateral surface (AM) are movable about their axis of rotation (a).

8. The rotor of any one of the preceding claims,

-wherein the rotor (1) comprises at least one flux barrier (S1, S2, S3),

-wherein preferably the at least one flux barrier (S1, S2, S3) is arranged between two pole assemblies (2-9),

-wherein preferably the at least one flux barrier (S1, S2, S3) extends in a radial direction (R) and/or a circumferential direction (U).

9. Electric machine (20) with a rotor (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 8 and a stator (21) surrounding the rotor (1),

wherein the rotor (1) and the stator (21) are radially (R) spaced from each other to form an air gap therebetween,

-wherein the electric machine (20) comprises a rotation axis (D) around which the rotor (1) is rotatable,

-wherein the rotor (1) has a rotor body (10) and an outer side face (AM) defining the rotor (1),

-wherein the rotor (1) comprises at least one pole assembly (2-9) and a movement mechanism for the at least one pole assembly (2-9),

-wherein the at least one pole assembly (2-9) comprises magnetic and/or magnetizable poles (N, S),

-wherein the movement mechanism is configured such that the at least one pole assembly (2-9) is movable around a rotation axis (a) of the movement mechanism, which is substantially parallel to the rotation axis (D) of the rotor (1), whereby the poles and/or magnetizable poles of the pole assembly (2-9) are rotatable relative to the stator (21) and relative to the rotor (1).

10. The electric machine of claim 9 wherein the stator is a stator,

-wherein the stator (21) comprises at least one stator pole assembly (22) for generating a magnetic field,

-wherein the movement mechanism has at least one locking device for the at least one pole assembly (2-9),

-wherein preferably the locking means comprise at least a first and a second adjustment position,

-wherein preferably in the first adjustment position a first pole (N) of the at least one pole assembly (2-9) is directed towards the stator (21), and

-wherein preferably in the second adjustment position a second pole (S) of the at least one pole assembly (2-9) is directed towards the stator (21),

-wherein, preferably within a determinable time interval, a counter electromagnetic field can be generated by the at least one stator pole assembly (22) with respect to the electromagnetic field of at least one pole assembly (2-9) of the rotor (1) in order to enable a rotation of the pole assembly (2-9) in response to the force generated by the electromagnetic field after releasing the at least one locking means in the first adjustment position, whereby the at least one pole assembly (2-9) can be rotated into the second adjustment position and subsequently locked.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a rotor of an electric machine, and to an electric machine having a rotor and a stator surrounding the rotor.

Background

For example, the design of electric motors or electric machines is always a compromise between different requirements. In particular in permanent magnet-excited electric motors, the magnetic field of the rotor cannot be changed during operation due to the design of the rotor, so that, for example, in current-excited synchronous machines, it cannot be set to an optimum operating point.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a rotor of an electric machine and an electric machine having a rotor and a stator, which allow switching possibilities in a preferably permanent-magnet excited electric machine, in particular in the rotor, so that the rotor flux can be optimally adjusted for the operating point.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features of the independent claims. Further advantageous developments are the subject matter of the dependent claims.

According to the invention, in a first subject of the invention, a rotor of an electric machine comprises:

-a rotor body having a rotor axis and a rotor axis,

a rotational axis, which extends in the axial direction and about which the rotor or the rotor body can rotate,

-an outer side face, preferably defining a rotor body, and

-at least one pole assembly.

Advantageously, it relates to a rotor configured as an inner rotor type motor or an outer rotor type motor.

Preferably, at least one pole assembly is arranged on or inside the rotor body. Thus, at least one pole assembly moves or rotates with the rotor body, so that the two advantageously rotate together about the axis of rotation of the rotor.

Preferably, the rotor, in particular the rotor body, comprises a movement mechanism for at least one pole assembly.

Advantageously, the movement mechanism is configured such that the at least one pole assembly is movable about a rotational axis, which is preferably substantially parallel to the rotational axis of the rotor. Thereby, the at least one pole assembly, in addition to rotating about the rotational axis of the rotor, is also movable about the rotational axis of the at least one pole assembly. In other words, a movement of the at least one pole assembly relative to the rotor body can be achieved by means of the movement mechanism, whereby finally a relative positioning of the at least one pole assembly and the rotor body can be achieved.

In the present description, "substantially parallel" is preferably understood to mean that the axis of rotation of at least one pole assembly lies within a cylinder of diameter 0.05-10mm parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotor.

Advantageously also, in the present description, "substantially parallel" is understood to mean that the axis of rotation of the rotor lies within a cylinder of diameter 0.05-10mm parallel to the axis of rotation of at least one of the pole assemblies.

It is furthermore preferred that the movement mechanism comprises an actuator for moving the at least one pole assembly.

The movement mechanism advantageously comprises an actuator which can be operated hydraulically or pneumatically or an electric actuator, in particular an electric motor. It is thus possible to move at least one pole assembly relative to the rotor body in a simple manner.

It is also advantageous if the movement mechanism has at least one locking device for at least one pole assembly. Thus, the relative position of the at least one pole assembly with respect to the rotor body may simply be limited or fixed or determined.

The at least one locking device is preferably designed like an external calliper brake, which advantageously acts on the at least one pole assembly from the outside in order to limit the movement of the at least one pole assembly.

It is also advantageous if at least one locking device comprises different adjustment positions. Different relative positions between the at least one pole assembly and the rotor body can thus be achieved. The adjustment position is preferably a predeterminable position of the at least one pole assembly relative to the rotor body.

It is also advantageous if the at least one locking device comprises at least one first adjustment position and one second adjustment position. In this way at least two different relative positions between the rotor body and the pole assembly can be achieved.

Preferably, in one adjustment position, the distance between a first pole body element of the pole assembly and the outer lateral surface is smaller than the distance between a second pole body element of the pole assembly and the outer lateral surface. In this context, it is advantageous if at least one pole arrangement consists of a first pole body element, preferably with magnetic north and south poles, and a second pole body element, preferably with magnetic south and north poles.

In the present description, "distance" is preferably understood to mean the shortest connecting or connecting line between a side face of the rotor or its rotor body and a pole body element or at least one pole assembly. In this case, it is advantageous if the shortest connecting line extends in the radial direction.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the movement means is arranged between the rotational axis of the rotor or rotor body and at least one pole assembly, which is preferably spaced radially from the rotational axis. The centripetal acceleration on the moving mechanism can thus be kept small.

Preferably, the movement mechanism is arranged between the outer side face of the rotor body and at least one pole assembly, which is preferably radially spaced from the outer side face. This arrangement makes use of the centripetal acceleration of the movement means, for example, in order to supply energy to the movement means, so that this energy moves at least one pole assembly from one adjustment position or into another adjustment position.

It is also advantageous if the movement mechanism is designed as a hollow cylinder in order to accommodate at least one pole assembly on its inside. In other words, it is advantageous if the movement means are configured as a bore or receptacle or the like inside the rotor body, so that at least one pole assembly can be arranged in the bore/receptacle.

In other words, it is advantageous if the rotor body comprises a hole for each pole assembly, which hole at least partially constitutes the movement mechanism.

Preferably, the movement means comprise a rotation axis of its own, in particular a rotation axis. The axis of rotation is preferably the axis about which the kinematic mechanism is rotationally symmetrical.

In other words, the movement mechanism is preferably symmetrical, in particular rotationally symmetrical, about its axis of rotation. In this way, for example, the pole assembly can be rotated by means of the movement mechanism.

Advantageously, the movement mechanism comprises a bearing unit by means of which the at least one pole assembly is freely rotatable. In other words, it is preferred that the movement means comprise a rolling bearing or a sliding bearing which ensures a rotation of the at least one pole assembly, preferably a rotation mounted on or in the movement means.

In other words, it is advantageous, once again, for at least one pole assembly or the pole body element thereof to be completely variably rotatable, so that a continuous adjustment can be achieved. Thus, at least one of the pole assemblies or pole body elements can be rotated all simultaneously, or separately, or in groups. The rotation can be arranged to take place intermittently, i.e. for example between two exact positions, or continuously or in defined intermediate stages. The highest possible flexibility achieves a correspondingly better adjustability, but a corresponding actuation is also required.

It is furthermore advantageous if the movement mechanism comprises a bearing unit in which at least one magnetic and/or magnetizable and/or non-magnetic pole body element of at least one pole assembly can be rotatably accommodated. The at least one pole assembly, which is constituted by the at least one pole body element, is thus rotatable relative to the rotor body.

It is also preferred that at least one pole arrangement comprises a magnetic pole and/or a magnetizable pole. Thus, at least one pole assembly may be configured to be magnetic.

Preferably, the at least one pole assembly comprises a first pole and/or a second pole. Advantageously, the poles are very magnetic.

Advantageously, the at least one pole arrangement comprises at least one magnetic pole body element, in particular a permanent magnet and/or a magnetizable and/or non-magnetic pole body element.

Advantageously, the at least one pole body element constitutes a pole assembly.

It is also advantageous if the at least one magnetic and/or magnetizable pole body element is of square, preferably rod-shaped design.

Preferably, at least one pole assembly is configured as a rotatable lever.

It is also advantageous if a plurality of pole body elements form at least one pole assembly in a row or in the form of a rod.

It is also advantageous if a plurality of pole body elements together form the cross-sectional shape or cross-section of at least one pole assembly.

Preferably, at least one pole assembly comprises a circular cross-section.

It is also advantageous if at least one pole assembly is formed by at least two pole body elements, which preferably form half of the shape of the at least one pole assembly, in particular half of the shape of the cross section and/or longitudinal section.

It is also advantageous if at least one of the pole assemblies has a symmetrically configured shaping, the geometric center of which coincides with its center of mass, so that it can be rotated about the axis of rotation.

It is also advantageous if at least one of the pole assemblies comprises an axis of rotation, which is preferably substantially parallel to the axis of rotation.

Furthermore, the at least three pole assemblies may constitute a V-shaped arrangement or a spoke-shaped arrangement.

Advantageously, at least three pole assemblies have different spacings with respect to the outer lateral surface of the rotor or of the rotor body, wherein only the two pole assemblies having the smallest spacing with respect to the outer lateral surface can be moved about their rotational axis. The number of pole assemblies and the technical costs for implementing the movement mechanism can be reduced.

It can also be provided that the rotor or its rotor body comprises at least one flux barrier. The at least one flux barrier may block magnetic flux, thereby reducing leakage flux.

Preferably, at least one flux barrier is arranged between two pole assemblies.

Advantageously, the at least one flux barrier extends in a radial and/or circumferential direction.

The at least one flux barrier is advantageously designed as an air gap or as a plastic part.

A second subject of the invention comprises an electric machine having a rotor and a stator.

It is explicitly pointed out that the features of the rotor proposed in the first subject matter can be applied in the electrical machine individually or in combination with each other.

In other words, the features mentioned above in the first subject matter of the invention in relation to the rotor can also be combined with other features in the second subject matter of the invention.

Advantageously, the electrical machine comprises a rotor, preferably a rotor having the features according to the first subject matter, and a stator surrounding the rotor.

Advantageously, the rotor and the stator are radially spaced from each other, forming an air gap therebetween.

It is also advantageous if the electric machine comprises a rotational axis about which the rotor can rotate, wherein preferably the rotor has a rotor body and advantageously an outer lateral surface, which defines the rotor or its rotor body.

Advantageously, the rotor comprises at least one pole assembly and a movement mechanism for the at least one pole assembly.

It is also advantageous if at least one pole arrangement comprises magnetic and/or magnetizable poles.

Preferably, the movement mechanism is designed such that the at least one pole assembly can be moved about a rotational axis of the movement mechanism, which is preferably substantially parallel to the rotational axis of the rotor. The magnetic poles and/or magnetizable poles of the pole arrangement can thereby be rotated relative to the stator and relative to the rotor or its rotor body.

It is furthermore advantageous if the stator comprises at least one stator pole assembly for generating a magnetic field.

Preferably, the movement mechanism has at least one locking device for at least one pole assembly.

It is also advantageous if the locking device comprises at least one first adjustment position and a second adjustment position, wherein preferably in the first adjustment position the first pole of the at least one pole assembly faces the stator.

Advantageously, in the second adjustment position, the second pole of the at least one pole assembly faces the stator.

Furthermore, preferably, within a determinable time interval, a counter electromagnetic field can be generated by the at least one stator pole arrangement relative to the electromagnetic field of the at least one pole arrangement of the rotor. In this way, preferably after releasing the at least one locking means in the first adjustment position, a rotation of the pole assembly can be effected in response to the force generated by the electromagnetic field, whereby the at least one pole assembly can be rotated into the second adjustment position and subsequently locked.

The inventive concept described above is additionally illustrated below in another expression.

The concept relates briefly to a rotor of an electric machine having a movement mechanism, which is advantageously designed such that at least one pole assembly can be moved about an axis of rotation, which is substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotor, whereby the at least one pole assembly can also be moved about its axis of rotation in addition to being rotatable about the axis of rotation of the rotor.

The object of the present invention is to provide a switching possibility in a rotor of a permanently excited electric motor, so that the rotor flux can be optimally adjusted at the operating point.

The following objects can thereby advantageously be achieved:

preferably in the event of a fault (for example in a 48V system, when operating in an emergency in a motor with a field weakening), the induced voltage is reduced to the maximum permissible voltage;

preferably, for operation of the electric motor at high rotational speeds, the motor losses are reduced by reducing the effective rotor flux (so that less field weakening current is required, whereby preferably on the one hand copper losses are reduced and less reactive power requirements are made in the electronic components, and on the other hand hysteresis losses in the motor board are also preferably reduced);

the number of pole pairs is preferably switched in operation (which enables higher operating frequencies and lower losses of operation).

In order to achieve the above object, it is advantageous if the magnet or the pole arrangement of the electric motor or the electric motor is embodied as a rotatable lever. Accordingly, all magnets or pole assemblies may be individually oriented by rotation as desired.

Preferably, the orientation is carried out by generating a stator field accordingly and/or preferably by mechanical means or a movement mechanism.

The magnet or the pole assembly or the pole body element thereof is preferably designed as a rotatable lever. All magnets may be embodied to be rotatable, or a specific number of magnets may also be embodied to be rotatable.

In the case of a V-shaped arrangement of the pole arrangements, it is advantageous, for example, to embody the magnets or the pole arrangements rotatable only in the vicinity of the air gap.

It is also preferred that the magnetic rod or pole assembly is constructed entirely of magnetic material or in multiple pieces, wherein preferably a part is constructed of rectangular magnets, a part is constructed of soft magnetic material and a part is constructed of air and/or non-magnetic material, such as plastic, which can then serve as a flux barrier. This has the advantage that the magnetic flux can be optimally guided within the pole assembly and that short-circuiting (leakage) of the magnetic field lines can be avoided or reduced.

Furthermore, advantageously, in one embodiment, the magnetic bars or pole assemblies may be distributed in any number near the rotor surface or near the side of the rotor or its rotor body.

This embodiment preferably functions in a similar manner to an asynchronous machine. The magnet or the pole assembly or the pole body elements thereof can then be automatically oriented in accordance with the applied stator field. The knowledge of the offset angle of the rotor position sensing system is therefore preferably cancelled.

Furthermore, any number of pole pairs can be generated depending on the actuation of the stator. Furthermore, in the event of a fault (failure of the actuation), the magnet bars can be self-aligned and advantageously produce a magnetic short in the rotor. It is therefore preferred that no voltage is induced anymore and the motor is continuously in a reliable state even at high rotational speeds.

It is also advantageous if the magnet bars or pole body elements or pole assemblies are oriented as known for permanent magnet excited electric motors, i.e. arranged in a V-shape, for example. The orientation of the magnetic rods can also be influenced by the stator.

Alternatively, mechanical devices or movement mechanisms can also be provided to rotate the magnet bars or pole assemblies in a targeted manner. The magnetic bars may all be rotated simultaneously, or individually, or in groups.

The rotation can be arranged to take place intermittently, i.e. for example between two exact positions, or continuously or in defined intermediate stages. The highest possible flexibility achieves a correspondingly better adjustability, but a corresponding actuation is also required.

It is known that very high forces may be required to rotate a magnet within an existing magnetic field. Because of the need to actuate the rotation of the rod or pole assembly within the diameter of the rotor, care must be taken to reduce this force as much as possible.

In this context, it is advantageous to wait for an advantageous rotor position with reference to the stator field set at this point in time; alternatively, stator fields can also be generated in a targeted manner (for example by superposition), which can reduce the required rotational force.

It is also advantageous to rotate the rod or pole assembly by means of the stator field and then to lock it mechanically, for example by means of a brake.

Furthermore, an asymmetrical arrangement, for example in the preferential direction, can also be produced by separate actuation.

Drawings

The invention is explained in detail below with reference to embodiments and with reference to the drawings. Here, it is schematically shown that:

fig. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a rotor according to the invention according to a first embodiment;

fig. 2 to 4 show sectional views of an electrical machine according to the invention according to a first embodiment;

fig. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of an electric machine according to the invention according to a second embodiment; and

fig. 6 to 8 show sectional views of an electric machine according to the invention according to a first embodiment with a rotor according to a second embodiment.

In the following description like parts are provided with the same reference numerals.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a rotor 1 according to the invention according to a first embodiment.

Specifically, fig. 1 shows a rotor 1 configured as an inner rotor type motor 20.

Here, the rotor 1 has a rotor body 10 and a rotational axis D, which extends in the axial direction and about which the rotor 1 or the rotor body 10 can rotate.

Furthermore, the rotor 1 has an outer lateral surface AM, which defines the rotor 1 or the rotor body 10.

The rotor 1 also has different pole arrangements 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, wherein each pole arrangement 2 to 9 has a pole N, S or a first pole N and a second pole S.

In this case, each pole assembly 2-9 or each pole in the pole assemblies 2-9 is formed by a pole body element or a permanent magnet.

According to fig. 1, each pole assembly 2-9 or its pole body element is configured rod-shaped and has a circular cross section. The rod shape extends here in the direction of the axis of rotation D.

In this case, two pole body elements N, S each form a pole assembly 2-9, wherein the pole body elements form approximately half the shape of the pole assembly 2-9.

In other words, each pole assembly 2 to 9 has a symmetrically configured shaping, the geometric center of which coincides with the center of mass thereof, so as to be able to rotate about the axis of rotation of the respective pole assembly.

The axis of rotation a is here substantially parallel to the axis of rotation D.

The pole arrangements 2 to 5 and 6 to 9 each form a V-shaped arrangement, wherein the pole arrangements 2/3 and 4/5 and 6/7 and 8/9 have different spacings with respect to the outer side AM of the rotor 1.

Whereby the pole assembly 2, 5, 6, 9 is closer to the side AM than the pole assembly 3, 4, 7, 8.

The rotor 1 also has a movement mechanism for the pole assemblies 2, 5, 6 and 9, wherein the movement mechanism is designed such that the pole assemblies 2, 5, 6 and 9 can be moved about a rotational axis a, which is substantially parallel to the rotational axis D of the rotor 1. The pole assemblies 2, 5, 6, 9 can thus be moved or rotated about their axis of rotation a in addition to being rotated about the axis of rotation D of the rotor 1.

In other words, only the two pole arrangements 2, 5 and 6, 9 that are at the smallest distance from the outer lateral surface AM can be moved about their rotational axis a.

Although not specifically shown, the movement mechanism comprises an actuator for moving the pole assembly 2, 5, 6, 9, wherein the movement mechanism may comprise an actuator or an electric actuator, in particular an electric motor, which can be operated hydraulically or pneumatically.

A movement mechanism (not shown) is also arranged between the axis of rotation D and the pole assembly 2, 5, 6, 9, the pole assembly 2, 5, 6, 9 being spaced apart from the axis of rotation D in the radial direction R. The centripetal acceleration on the movement mechanism can thereby be kept small, so that the operation of the actuator requires less force than the arrangement of the movement mechanism between the side AM and the pole assembly 2, 5, 6, 9.

The movement mechanism is also designed as a hollow cylinder in order to accommodate the pole assemblies 2, 5, 6, 9 on its inside.

The movement mechanism has its own axis of rotation, or axis of rotation, wherein the movement mechanism is rotationally symmetrical about its axis of rotation a.

In particular, the movement mechanism has a bearing unit, by means of which the pole assemblies 2, 5, 6, 9 are freely rotatable. The bearing unit may be a rolling bearing which rotatably accommodates the magnetic pole body elements of the pole assemblies 2, 5, 6, 9.

In this context, it is understood that the pole arrangement 2, 5, 6, 9 or the pole body elements thereof can be rotated completely and variably, so that the rotor 1 or the electric machine 20 can be adjusted continuously.

The pole assemblies 2, 5, 6, 9 or their pole body elements can also all be rotated simultaneously, or separately, or in groups. The rotation can be arranged to take place intermittently (i.e. for example in exactly two positions) or continuously or in defined intermediate stages. The highest possible flexibility achieves a correspondingly better adjustability, but a corresponding actuation is also required.

Instead of an actuator, the movement mechanism can have a locking device (not shown) for each pole assembly 2, 5, 6 and 9, which is constructed like an outer caliper brake and acts on the pole assembly 2, 5, 6 and 9 from the outside to limit its movement.

The locking device comprises different adjustment positions, so that, for example, in an adjustment position, the distance between the first pole body element N of the pole arrangement 2, 5, 6, 9 and the outer lateral surface AM is smaller than the distance between the second pole body element S of the pole arrangement 2, 5, 6, 9 and the outer lateral surface AM.

Fig. 2 to 4 show sectional views of an electric machine 20 according to the invention according to a first embodiment.

In particular, a motor 20 is shown having a rotor 1 and a stator 21 as described above, the stator surrounding the rotor 1.

The rotor 1 and the stator 21 are spaced apart from each other in a radial direction R so as to form an air gap therebetween, wherein the electric machine 20 comprises a rotational axis D about which the rotor 1 is rotatable.

Furthermore, as mentioned, the rotor 1 has a rotor body 10 and an outer lateral surface AM, which defines the rotor 1 or the rotor body 10.

Furthermore, the rotor 1 comprises different pole assemblies 2-9 and a movement mechanism for the pole assemblies 2, 5, 6, 9, wherein each pole assembly 2-9 comprises a magnetic pole N, S.

The movement mechanism is also designed such that the pole assemblies 2, 5, 6, 9 can be moved about a rotational axis a of the movement mechanism, which is substantially parallel to the rotational axis D of the rotor 1. The poles N, S of the pole assemblies 2, 5, 6, 9 are thus configured to be rotatable relative to the stator 21 and relative to the rotor 1.

Fig. 2 furthermore shows that the stator 21 comprises a plurality of stator pole assemblies 22 for generating a magnetic field.

In the present exemplary embodiment, the movement mechanism has a locking device for the pole assemblies 2, 5, 6, 9, wherein the locking device comprises a plurality of adjustment positions.

In fig. 2 to 4 and 6 to 8, the adjustment positions of the first pole N and the second pole S of the pole arrangement 2, 5, 6, 9 are shown in different orientations relative to the stator 21.

In order to transfer the pole arrangements 2, 5, 6, 9 from one adjustment position into another, during operation of the electric machine 20, opposing electromagnetic fields are generated by the plurality of stator pole arrangements 22 relative to the electromagnetic field of the pole arrangements 2, 5, 6, 9 of the rotor 1 during a specific time interval.

Thus, for example, after releasing the locking device in the first adjustment position, a rotation of the pole assembly 2, 5, 6, 9 can be effected in accordance with the force generated by the electromagnetic field, as a result of which the pole assembly 2, 5, 6, 9 is rotated and can then be locked in the second adjustment position by means of the locking device.

Fig. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of a motor 20 according to the invention according to a second embodiment.

When comparing the electric machine 20 according to fig. 2 to 4 with the electric machine according to fig. 5, it is evident that in fig. 2 to 4 the stator teeth are each wound with a coil wire, which is shown in a simplified manner.

Whereas in the second embodiment according to fig. 5 different stator teeth are wound by means of coil wires of the stator pole assembly.

Fig. 6 to 8 show sectional views of an electric machine 20 according to the invention according to a first embodiment with a rotor 1 according to a second embodiment.

With respect to the rotor 1 according to fig. 1 to 5, the rotor 1 in fig. 6 to 8 has a flux barrier S1, S2, S3 arranged between two pole assemblies 5, 6 or 4, 5, 6, 7.

In this case the flux barriers S1 extend in the circumferential direction U, whereas the flux barriers S2, S3 extend in the radial direction R.

List of reference numerals

1 rotor

2-pole assembly

3 utmost point subassembly

4-pole assembly

5-pole assembly

6 utmost point subassembly

7 pole assembly

8 utmost point subassembly

9-pole assembly

10 rotor body

20 electric machine

21 stator

22 stator pole assembly

Axis of rotation of A-movement mechanism and axis of rotation of pole assembly

AM lateral surface

D axis of rotation

N first/magnetic pole

R radial direction

S second/magnetic pole

T tangent direction

U circumference direction

X axial direction