阅读说明：本技术 一种小麦单穗脱粒烘干测量机及测量方法 (wheat single-ear threshing and drying measuring machine and measuring method ) 是由 刘平 王春颖 李祥 刘立鹏 王富 于 2019-12-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请公开了一种小麦单穗脱粒烘干测量机及测量方法,涉及小麦脱粒测量技术领域,测量机包括：脱粒装置,设置在所述脱粒装置下方的烘干装置,所述脱粒装置的脱粒通道与所述烘干装置的麦粒入口相连通,所述烘干装置设置有托盘,所述托盘对应所述烘干装置的麦粒出口,所述托盘底部设置有托盘滑道,所述托盘滑道两端分别设置在所述烘干装置麦粒出口一侧和采集称重装置内,所述托盘滑道用于所述托盘在所述烘干装置与所述采集称重装置之间运动。将单穗小麦放入脱粒装置进行脱粒,脱离后通过烘干装置进行烘干,最后输送到采集称重装置内进行取样、测量工作,烘干装置能够调节烘干率,从而提高小麦种子测量、评估的准确性和效率。(The application discloses kind wheat list ear of grain drying measurement machine and measuring method relates to wheat and threshes and measures technical field, and the measuring machine includes thresher, sets up the drying device of thresher below, thresher thresh the passageway with drying device's wheat grain entry is linked together, drying device is provided with the tray, the tray corresponds drying device's wheat grain export, the tray bottom is provided with the tray slide, tray slide both ends set up respectively in drying device wheat grain export side and the collection weighing device, the tray slide is used for the tray is in drying device with gather between the weighing device motion.)

The utility model provides a kind wheat list ear of grain drying measurement machine of threshing, its characterized in that includes thresher, sets up the drying device of thresher below, thresher's threshing channel with drying device's wheat entry is linked together, drying device is provided with the tray, the tray corresponds drying device's wheat export, the tray bottom is provided with the tray slide, tray slide both ends set up respectively in drying device wheat export side and the collection weighing device, the tray slide is used for the tray is in drying device with gather between the weighing device motion.

2. The wheat single ear threshing and drying measuring machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the threshing device comprises a grain inlet channel and a threshing cylinder communicated with the grain inlet channel, a motor is arranged on the side of the threshing cylinder , and a rotating output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with a threshing rotating shaft in the threshing cylinder.

3. The wheat single ear threshing drying measuring machine of claim 2, wherein the threshing cylinder comprises a th threshing cylinder and a second threshing cylinder, a th motor and a second motor are respectively arranged corresponding to the th threshing cylinder and the second threshing cylinder, the th threshing cylinder is respectively communicated with the grain inlet channel and the grain inlet port of the second threshing cylinder, and the grain outlet port of the second threshing cylinder is communicated with the threshing channel of the threshing device.

4. The wheat single-ear threshing drying measuring machine as claimed in claim 3, wherein an th fan and a straw discharge barrel are respectively arranged on two sides below the grain outlet of the second threshing cylinder, the discharge end of the straw discharge barrel is connected with a mesh bag, and the air blowing direction of the th fan faces the straw inlet end of the straw discharge barrel.

5. The wheat single-ear threshing and drying measuring machine according to claim 1, wherein the drying device comprises a drying device shell, the drying device shell is of an inverted groove-shaped structure, the groove-shaped space of the drying device shell is parts of the tray slideway, the width of the groove-shaped space is larger than that of the tray, a heating resistance rod and a second fan are arranged on the drying device shell, the heating resistance rod is arranged between the tray slideway and the second fan, and the blowing direction of the second fan faces the tray slideway.

6. The wheat single ear threshing drying measuring machine of claim 5, wherein the drying device further comprises a temperature adjusting knob and a time adjusting knob, the temperature adjusting knob and the time adjusting knob are fixedly arranged on the side of the drying device shell and are electrically connected with the controller of the heating resistance rod.

7. The wheat single-ear threshing drying measuring machine according to claim 6, wherein the heating resistance rods are provided in plurality, and are uniformly distributed on the drying device shell.

8. The wheat single-ear threshing and drying measuring machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the collection and weighing device comprises a collection and weighing device shell, a tray inlet and a tray outlet are arranged on the collection and weighing device shell, a camera is arranged in the collection and weighing device shell, a shooting lens of the camera vertically faces the tray, -th light supplement lamps and second light supplement lamps are respectively arranged on two sides of the camera, weighing equipment is arranged at the bottom of the collection and weighing device shell, and the weighing equipment is located in a tray slide way area in the collection and weighing device.

The method for threshing, drying and measuring wheat single ear of 9, is characterized in that the wheat single ear threshing, drying and measuring machine of any of claims 1-8 is adopted, the method comprises:

putting the single-ear wheat into a threshing channel of a threshing device, separating wheat grains from wheat ears by the working of a threshing cylinder, blowing the straws and wheat ear skins into a straw discharge cylinder by a th fan by wind power, and putting the straws into a mesh bag, wherein the wheat grains fall into a lower tray;

flatly spreading wheat grains on a tray, pushing the tray, enabling the wheat grains to enter a drying device through a tray slideway, rotating a temperature adjusting knob and a time adjusting knob, adding a heating resistance rod to start working, and blowing hot air to the wheat grains by a second fan to perform drying operation;

push the tray and gather weighing device, acquire wheat and tray weight, gather the light filling lamp work in the weighing device, the camera carries out image acquisition and passes to the server on the picture and carry out serial number, measurement operation.

10. The wheat single ear threshing and drying measurement method according to claim 9, wherein the camera collects images and transmits the images to the server for numbering and measuring, and the method comprises the following steps:

firstly, carrying out image preprocessing such as gray level binarization, morphological opening operation and the like on the obtained wheat grain image;

performing optimal global threshold segmentation processing on the image, marking the segmented connected domains, and recording the total number as N0;

calculating the pixel size M of the connected region, and counting the median of the pixel size of the connected region as a threshold value M;

if M is less than 0.5M, judging as an impurity, and deleting after recording in c; if M is greater than 1.5M, the wheat grains are determined to be sticky, and the number of sticky wheat grains can be rapidly calculated as n (i) M/M, i 1,2, … k, and if M is greater than 0.5M and less than 1.5M, the wheat grains are single grains;

the number of grains was calculated as N-N0-c + m-k.

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of wheat threshing measurement, in particular to an wheat single-ear threshing and drying measuring machine and a measuring method.

Background

The wheat breeding means that people purposefully and programmatically obtain new wheat varieties needed by people according to own wishes by utilizing gene recombination (separating excellent characters or concentrating various excellent characters at through gene separation, free combination or linkage exchange).

When a breeding experiment and yield estimation are carried out on wheat, threshing operation needs to be carried out on single-ear wheat, the traditional manual threshing is high in labor intensity and low in working efficiency, the working efficiency is seriously influenced when a field experiment is carried out, the breeding cost is increased, multiple devices are needed when the experiment is carried out, and the efficiency is low.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the following technical scheme is provided:

, the embodiment of the application provides kinds of wheat single ear threshing and drying measuring machine, including thresher, the setting is in drying device below the thresher, thresher's threshing channel with drying device's wheat entry is linked together, drying device is provided with the tray, the tray corresponds drying device's wheat export, the tray bottom is provided with the tray slide, tray slide both ends set up respectively in drying device wheat export side and the collection weighing device, the tray slide is used for the tray is in drying device with gather the motion between the weighing device.

Adopt above-mentioned implementation, put into thresher with single ear of grain wheat and thresh, dry through drying device after breaking away from, carry at last and take a sample, measure work in gathering weighing device, drying device can adjust the stoving rate to improve wheat seed measurement, the accuracy and the efficiency of aassessment.

With reference to , in of , the threshing apparatus includes a grain feeding passage, a threshing cylinder communicated with the grain feeding passage, a motor disposed on a side of the threshing cylinder , and a rotating output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to a threshing rotating shaft in the threshing cylinder, the motor drives the threshing rotating shaft to rotate to separate grains of wheat ears from straws, and the separated wheat grains enter a drying apparatus to be dried.

Combine the possible implementation of the aspect of , in the possible implementation of the second of the aspect of , threshing cylinder includes threshing cylinder and second threshing cylinder, corresponds threshing cylinder and second threshing cylinder are provided with motor and second motor respectively, threshing cylinder respectively with advance grain passageway with the grain inlet of second threshing cylinder is linked together, the grain outlet of second threshing cylinder with thresher's threshing channel is linked together, through the friction between threshing cylinder and the casing with the wheat grain is separated with the wheat ear, carry out preliminary crushing, second threshing cylinder carries out the regrinding to the single ear wheat after preliminary separation, guarantees the complete separation of wheat grain, and the wheat after the separation will fall into the separation channel under the action of gravity.

With reference to the second possible implementation manner of the aspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the aspect, th fans and straw discharge cylinders are respectively disposed on two sides below the grain outlet of the second threshing cylinder, a discharge end of the straw discharge cylinder is connected to the mesh bag, and a blowing direction of the th fan faces a straw inlet end of the straw discharge cylinder, a th fan provides wind power, so that the straws with lighter weight are blown by the wind power to enter the straw discharge cylinder and enter the mesh bag, dust and pollution can be reduced, the wheat grains fall into a tray below, and an operator can perform the next operation after sorting the wheat grains in the tray to a flat state.

With reference to , in a fourth possible implementation manner of the , the drying device includes a drying device housing, the drying device housing is of an inverted groove-shaped structure, a groove-shaped space of the drying device housing is parts of the tray chute, a width of the groove-shaped space is larger than a width of the tray, a heating resistor bar and a second fan are arranged on the drying device housing, the heating resistor bar is arranged between the tray chute and the second fan, and a blowing direction of the second fan faces the tray chute.

With reference to the , in a of the fifth possible implementation manner, the drying device further includes a temperature adjusting knob and a time adjusting knob, the temperature adjusting knob and the time adjusting knob are fixedly disposed on the side of the drying device housing and electrically connected to the controller of the heating resistor bar, the dehydration rate of the wheat grains is controlled by controlling the temperature adjusting knob and the time adjusting knob, the drying device housing is provided with a temperature sensor to prevent the wheat grains from being damaged due to overhigh temperature and record the temperature in real time, and hot air is discharged from a side air outlet of the drying housing when the drying operation is performed.

With reference to the , in a sixth possible implementation manner, the heating resistor rods are provided in plurality and are uniformly distributed on the drying device casing, and the plurality of heating resistor rods are uniformly arranged, so that the uniformity of heat during drying is ensured, and the drying effect is improved.

With reference to , in a seventh possible implementation manner of the , the collection and weighing device includes a collection and weighing device housing, a tray inlet and a tray outlet are formed in the collection and weighing device housing, a camera is disposed in the collection and weighing device housing, a shooting lens of the camera vertically faces the tray, a light supplement lamp and a second light supplement lamp are disposed on two sides of the camera respectively, a weighing device is disposed at the bottom of the collection and weighing device housing, and the weighing device is located in a tray slide way area in the collection and weighing device.

In a second aspect, the embodiment of the application provides a wheat single-ear threshing and drying measurement method, which adopts a wheat single-ear threshing and drying measurement machine which can be realized by any in th aspect or st aspect, and comprises the steps of putting single-ear wheat into a threshing channel of a threshing device, separating wheat grains from wheat ears by the operation of a threshing cylinder, blowing straws and wheat ear skins into a straw discharge cylinder by a fan in th aspect by wind power, enabling the wheat grains to fall into a tray below the threshing cylinder, pushing the wheat grains to push the tray after being flatly laid on the tray, enabling the wheat grains to enter a drying device through a tray slideway, heating a resistance rod to start to work after a temperature adjusting knob and a time adjusting knob are rotated, blowing hot air to the wheat grains by a second fan to perform drying operation, pushing the tray into an acquisition weighing device to acquire the weight of the wheat and the tray, enabling a light supplement lamp in the acquisition weighing device to work, and enabling a camera to acquire images and transmit the images.

With reference to the second aspect, in possible implementation manners of the second aspect, the camera collects images and uploads the images to a server for numbering and measuring, the method includes performing image preprocessing such as grayscale binarization and morphological opening on the obtained wheat grain images, performing optimal global threshold segmentation on the images, marking the segmented connected domains, and calculating a total number N0, calculating a pixel size M of the connected domains, counting median of the pixel size of the connected domains as a threshold M, determining that the connected domains are impurities and deleting the impurities after recording c if M is less than 0.5M, determining that the wheat grains are adhered if M is greater than 1.5M, and calculating the number of the adhered wheat grains as N (i) -M/M, i-1, 2, … k, and determining that the wheat grains are single wheat grains if M is greater than 0.5M and less than 1.5M, and calculating the number of the wheat grains as N0-c + M-k.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a single ear threshing and drying measuring machine for kinds of wheat provided by the embodiment of the application;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of threshing devices provided in the embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of drying devices provided in the embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of kinds of collecting and weighing devices provided in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a measurement method for threshing and drying single ears of wheat provided by the embodiment of the application;

in fig. 1 to 5, the symbols are represented as:

1-threshing device, 2-drying device, 3-tray, 4-tray slideway, 5-collecting weighing device, 6-grain inlet channel, 7- th threshing cylinder, 8-second threshing cylinder, 9- th motor, 10-second motor, 11- th fan, 12-straw discharge cylinder, 13-mesh bag, 14-drying device shell, 15-heating resistance rod, 16-second fan, 17-temperature adjusting knob, 18-time adjusting knob, 19-collecting weighing device shell, 20-tray inlet, 21-tray outlet, 22-camera, 23- light supplementing lamp and 24-second light supplementing lamp.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of kinds of wheat single ear of grain threshing and drying measuring machines that this application embodiment provided, refers to fig. 1, and wheat single ear of grain threshing and drying measuring machine in this application embodiment includes thresher 1, sets up drying device 2 of thresher 1 below, thresher 1's the passageway of threshing with drying device 2's wheat grain entry is linked together, drying device 2 is provided with tray 3, tray 3 corresponds drying device 2's wheat grain export, tray 3 bottom is provided with tray slide 4, tray slide 4 both ends set up respectively in drying device 2 wheat grain export side and the collection weighing device 5, tray slide 4 is used for tray 3 is in drying device 2 with gather the motion between the weighing device 5.

Referring to fig. 2, the threshing device 1 comprises a grain inlet channel 6 and a threshing cylinder communicated with the grain inlet channel 6, a motor is arranged on the side of the threshing cylinder , a rotating output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with a threshing rotating shaft in the threshing cylinder, the motor drives the threshing rotating shaft to rotate to separate grains of wheat ears and straws, and the separated wheat grains enter a drying device 2 to be dried, wherein the threshing cylinder rotates under the driving of the motor, and bulges are distributed on the threshing cylinder to increase the crushing effect.

step in, threshing cylinder includes threshing cylinder 7 and second threshing cylinder 8, corresponds threshing cylinder 7 and second threshing cylinder 8 are provided with motor 9 and second motor 10 respectively, threshing cylinder 7 respectively with grain inlet channel 6 with grain inlet of second threshing cylinder 8 is linked together, the grain outlet of second threshing cylinder 8 with threshing device 1's threshing channel is linked together, separate wheat grain and ear of wheat through the friction between threshing cylinder 7 and the casing, carry out preliminary crushing, second threshing cylinder 8 carries out the regrinding to the single ear of wheat after the preliminary separation, guarantees the complete separation of wheat grain, and the wheat after the separation will fall into the separation channel under the action of gravity.

The th fan 11 and the straw discharging barrel 12 are respectively arranged on two sides below the grain outlet of the second threshing cylinder 8, the discharge end of the straw discharging barrel 12 is connected with the mesh bag 13, the blowing direction of the th fan 11 faces the straw inlet end of the straw discharging barrel 12, wind power is provided by the th fan 11, straws with light weight are blown by the wind power to enter the straw discharging barrel 12 and enter the mesh bag 13, dust and pollution can be reduced, wheat grains fall into the lower tray 3, and an operator can perform steps of operation after arranging the wheat grains in the tray 3 to be in a flat state.

Referring to fig. 3, the drying device 2 comprises a drying device shell 14, the drying device shell 14 is of an inverted groove-shaped structure, the groove-shaped space of the drying device shell 14 is parts of the tray slideway 4, the width of the groove-shaped space is larger than that of the tray 3, a heating resistance rod 15 and a second fan 16 are arranged on the drying device shell 14, the heating resistance rod 15 is arranged between the tray slideway 4 and the second fan 16, the blowing direction of the second fan 16 faces the tray slideway 4, the drying device shell 14 is fixed on a base, the reserved groove-shaped space of the drying device shell is matched with the tray slideway 4, the tray 3 can slide into the drying device 2 for drying operation, the second fan 16 is positioned above the drying device shell, the heating resistance rod 15 is arranged in an interlayer at a position below the second fan 16, and the second fan 16 drives hot air to blow towards the tray 3.

The drying device 2 further comprises a temperature adjusting knob 17 and a time adjusting knob 18, the temperature adjusting knob 17 and the time adjusting knob 18 are fixedly arranged on the side of the drying device shell 14 and are electrically connected with the controller of the heating resistor rod 15, the dehydration rate of wheat grains is controlled by controlling the temperature adjusting knob 17 and the time adjusting knob 18, the drying device shell 14 is provided with a temperature sensor, wheat grains are prevented from being damaged due to overhigh temperature, the temperature is recorded in real time, and hot air discharges water from a side air outlet of the drying shell during drying operation.

In the embodiment of the present application, the heating resistor rods 15 are provided in a plurality, and the heating resistor rods 15 are uniformly distributed on the drying device casing 14. A plurality of heating resistance stick 15 evenly set up, and the heat when having guaranteed to dry is even, improves the effect of drying.

Referring to fig. 4, the collecting and weighing device 5 comprises a collecting and weighing device shell 19, a tray inlet 20 and a tray outlet 21 are arranged on the collecting and weighing device shell 19, a camera 22 is arranged in the collecting and weighing device shell 19, a shooting lens of the camera 22 vertically faces to the tray 3, -th supplementary lighting lamps 23 and a second supplementary lighting lamp 24 are respectively arranged on two sides of the camera 22, a weighing device is arranged at the bottom of the collecting and weighing device shell 19 and is located in a tray slide way 4 area in the collecting and weighing device 5, the tray inlet 20 of the collecting and weighing device 5 can drag the tray 3 into the weighing device to obtain the weight of wheat and the tray 3, the weight of the single ear of wheat is obtained after the weight of the tray 3 is subtracted, the collecting and weighing device shell 19 is of a sealed design, only the tray inlet 20 and the tray outlet 21 are reserved, the left and right two supplementary lighting lamps are used for supplementing the wheat, the images are acquired by the camera 22 in the collecting module, the images are transmitted to a server, and the operations such as numbering and measurement are carried out by preset programs.

Known by the above-mentioned embodiment, this embodiment provides kinds of wheat single ear of grain drying measurement machine that threshes, puts into thresher 1 with single ear of grain wheat and threshes, dries through drying device 2 after breaking away from, carries at last to take a sample, measure work in gathering weighing device 5, and drying device 2 can adjust the stoving rate to improve wheat seed measurement, the accuracy and the efficiency of aassessment.

Corresponding to the wheat single-ear threshing and drying measuring machine provided by the above embodiment, the application also provides an embodiment of a wheat single-ear threshing and drying measuring method, and with reference to fig. 5, the method comprises the following steps:

s101, putting single-ear wheat into a threshing channel of a threshing device, separating wheat grains from wheat ears by the operation of a threshing cylinder, blowing straws and wheat ear skins into a straw discharge cylinder by a fan to enter a mesh bag, and enabling the wheat grains to fall into a tray below.

S102, the wheat grains are flatly paved on a tray, the tray is pushed, the wheat grains enter a drying device through a tray slideway, a heating resistor rod is added after a temperature adjusting knob and a time adjusting knob are rotated to start working, and hot air is blown to the wheat grains by a second fan to carry out drying operation.

S103, pushing the tray into the collecting and weighing device, acquiring the weight of the wheat and the tray, working a light supplement lamp in the collecting and weighing device, and acquiring images and transmitting the images to the server by the camera for numbering and measuring.

Specifically, firstly, carrying out image preprocessing such as gray level binarization, morphological opening operation and the like on the obtained wheat grain image; performing optimal global threshold segmentation processing on the image, marking the segmented connected domains, and recording the total number as N0; calculating the pixel size M of the connected region, and counting the median of the pixel size of the connected region as a threshold value M; if M is less than 0.5M, judging as an impurity, and deleting after recording in c; if M is greater than 1.5M, the wheat grains are determined to be sticky, and the number of sticky wheat grains can be rapidly calculated as n (i) M/M, i 1,2, … k, and if M is greater than 0.5M and less than 1.5M, the wheat grains are single grains; the number of grains was calculated as N-N0-c + m-k.

It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "" and "second", and the like, are only used to distinguish entities or operations from another entities or operations, without necessarily requiring or implying any actual relationship or order between such entities or operations, furthermore, the terms "comprise", "include", or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the series of elements does not include only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples, and technical features that are not described in this application may be implemented by or using the prior art, and are not described herein again; the above embodiments and drawings are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application and not for limiting the present application, and the present application is only described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments instead, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present application may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present application, and the scope of the claims of the present application should also be covered.