阅读说明：本技术 一种耐油的共混橡塑电缆护套料及其制备方法 (oil-resistant blended rubber-plastic cable sheath material and preparation method thereof ) 是由 陈庆 昝航 曾军堂 于 2019-11-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及塑料电缆护套及其制备技术领域,具体涉及一种耐油的共混橡塑电缆护套料及其制备方法,通过在液体尼龙中分散层状矿物研磨得到胶状物,并与橡胶基体进行橡塑共混,利于液体尼龙携带层状结构矿物均匀分散,尼龙具有优异的耐油性,并且分散的层状结构矿物能抵抗油类的渗入；制备的共混橡塑护套具有优异的耐油性,可在高温油浸等恶劣环境中长期使用不变形不龟裂；共混橡塑护套的性能完全可靠、使用寿命长,完全能够满足特定领域电缆护套的要求。本发明解决了现有技术中橡塑护套不能满足105℃下长期高温油浸的问题,提供的共混橡塑护套具有可在高温油中长期使用不变形不龟裂以及使用寿命长的优点。(The invention relates to a plastic cable sheath and a preparation method thereof, in particular to oil-resistant blended rubber-plastic cable sheath materials and a preparation method thereof, a jelly is obtained by dispersing layered minerals in liquid nylon and grinding the layered minerals, and the jelly is subjected to rubber-plastic blending with a rubber matrix, so that the liquid nylon can be favorably and uniformly dispersed with the layered minerals, the nylon has excellent oil resistance, the dispersed layered minerals can resist the penetration of oils, the prepared blended rubber-plastic sheath has excellent oil resistance, can be used in severe environments such as high-temperature oil immersion and the like for a long time without deformation and cracking, the blended rubber-plastic sheath has complete and reliable performance and long service life, and can completely meet the requirements of cable sheaths in specific fields.)

1, preparation methods of oil-resistant blended rubber-plastic cable sheath materials, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step , adding the layered mineral into a grinding machine, adding liquid nylon for wetting, grinding for 2-4 hours, continuously adding a stripping propping aid and a coupling agent into the grinding machine, continuously grinding for 2-4 hours, and uniformly mixing to obtain a jelly, namely a layered mineral-nylon blend;

and step two, adding the nitrile rubber and the chloroprene rubber into an internal mixer according to the weight ratio for times of internal mixing, adding an auxiliary agent into the rubber matrix for the second time of internal mixing, adding the layered mineral-nylon blend for the third time of internal mixing, and thinly passing through an open mill to obtain the oil-resistant blended rubber-plastic cable sheath material.

2. The preparation method of the oil-resistant blended rubber-plastic cable sheath materials according to claim 1, wherein the layered minerals are at least kinds of mica powder, talc, montmorillonite, kaolin, illite and graphite, the liquid nylon is a glue solution with a mass concentration of 15% obtained by dissolving nylon in dimethylformamide, the stripping supporting agent is preferably at least kinds of sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, and the coupling agent is at least kinds of silane coupling agent, titanate coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent and zirconate coupling agent.

3. The preparation method of the oil-resistant blended rubber-plastic cable sheath materials according to claim 1, wherein the layered mineral-nylon blend is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 10-20 parts of a layered mineral, 8-15 parts of liquid nylon, 0.5-1 part of a delamination and supporting agent, and 0.1-0.3 part of a coupling agent.

4. The method for preparing oil-resistant blended rubber-plastic cable sheath materials according to claim 1, wherein the rotation speed of grinding in step is 38 r/min.

5. The preparation method of the oil-resistant blended rubber-plastic cable sheath material according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the materials are banburied according to parts by weight, 60-100 parts of nitrile rubber, 40-60 parts of chloroprene rubber, 20-40 parts of layered mineral-nylon blend and 5-10 parts of auxiliary agent.

6. The preparation method of the oil-resistant blended rubber-plastic cable sheath material according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary agent is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 1-2 parts of an anti-aging agent, 0.5-1.0 part of a vulcanization activator, 3-5 parts of a vulcanization crosslinking agent, 1-2 parts of a plasticizer, 2-4 parts of a dispersant, 3-5 parts of a flame retardant, and 2-5 parts of an accelerator.

7. The preparation method of oil-resistant blended rubber-plastic cable sheath materials according to claim 1, wherein the antioxidant is at least of antioxidant AW, antioxidant RD, antioxidant A and antioxidant D, the vulcanization activator is magnesium stearate, the vulcanization crosslinking agent is sulfur, the plasticizer is at least of plasticizer DOP, plasticizer DCP, plasticizer DMP, plasticizer DINP and plasticizer DIDP, the dispersant is plastic dispersant EBS, and the accelerator is at least of accelerator DMP-30, accelerator EP-184, accelerator BDMA, accelerator TMTD and accelerator DPG.

8. The preparation method of the oil-resistant blended rubber-plastic cable sheath materials according to claim 1, wherein the flame retardant comprises, by weight, 1-2 parts of red phosphorus, 2-3 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, and 1-2 parts of tricresyl phosphate.

9. The preparation method of the oil-resistant blended rubber-plastic cable sheath material according to claim 1, wherein the temperature for times of banburying in the second step is 55-65 ℃ and the banburying time is 3-4 min, the temperature for the second banburying in the second step is 55-65 ℃ and the banburying time is 5-10 min, and the temperature for the third banburying in the second step is 55-65 ℃ and the banburying time is 5-15 min.

10, oil-resistant blended rubber-plastic cable sheath material, which is characterized by being prepared by the method of any of claims 1-9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of plastic cable sheaths and preparation thereof, in particular to oil-resistant blended rubber-plastic cable sheath materials and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The cable sheath is the indispensable intermediate structure part of cable, plays the effect of protection cable, guarantees the circular telegram safety of cable, lets medium such as copper wire and water, air isolated, avoids appearing the electric leakage phenomenon. Therefore, the sheath of the cable in some environments needs to have excellent oil resistance so as to meet the actual requirement. The traditional rubber-plastic blending system has a complex processing technology and is limited by the heat resistance and oil resistance of the base material, the heat resistance and oil resistance of the blending system are slightly insufficient, and the use requirements of drilling platforms, locomotives and other severe environments are difficult to meet.

Because the cold-resistant and oil-resistant flame-retardant sheath material is often used in severe environmental conditions, such as high temperature, strong ultraviolet irradiation, high ozone concentration, chemical corrosion and the like, the highest temperature can exceed 100 ℃ in some places, if the cable does not meet the requirements, the cable material is fragile and even can decompose the cable sheath layer, all the situations can directly increase the occurrence of fire or casualties of people, and the risk of short circuit of the cable can also increase. The nitrile rubber as the copolymer rubber of butadiene and acrylonitrile has the advantages of excellent oil resistance, aging resistance, wear resistance and the like. And because the nitrile rubber has polar groups in the molecule and has better compatibility with polyvinyl chloride, the blend of the nitrile rubber and the polyvinyl chloride has good mechanical property, and particularly has obvious modification effect on the defects of low impact strength, insufficient elasticity and the like of the polyvinyl chloride. Therefore, the nitrile rubber/polyvinyl chloride blending system is often used as a sheath material for oil-resistant and low-temperature-resistant electric wires and cables.

The nitrile rubber is prepared from butadiene and acrylonitrile by an emulsion polymerization method, is mainly produced by a low-temperature emulsion polymerization method, has excellent oil resistance, higher wear resistance, better heat resistance and strong bonding force, has the defects of poor low-temperature resistance, poor ozone resistance, poor insulating property and slightly lower elasticity, is mainly used for manufacturing oil-resistant rubber products, and is synthetic rubbers prepared by copolymerizing butadiene and acrylonitrile, wherein the nitrile rubber is the synthetic rubber with better oil resistance (especially alkane oil) and aging resistance, the acrylonitrile content (%) in the nitrile rubber is five types including 42-46, 36-41, 31-35, 25-30, 18-24 and the like, the more the acrylonitrile content is, the better the oil resistance is, but the cold resistance is correspondingly reduced, the nitrile rubber can be used in 120 ℃ air or 150 ℃ oil for a long time, and further has good water resistance, air tightness and excellent bonding property, is widely used for manufacturing various oil-resistant rubber products, various gaskets, sleeves, flexible packages, oil-resistant pipes, printing and dyeing cables, aeronautical rubber roll, flexible rubber materials and the like.

The chloroprene rubber has good physical and mechanical properties, oil resistance, heat resistance, flame resistance, sunlight resistance, ozone resistance, acid and alkali resistance and chemical reagent resistance, and has the defects of poor cold resistance and storage stability.

However, the traditional nitrile rubber/polyvinyl chloride blending system is complex in processing technology, a reinforcing agent carbon black is required to be added in , otherwise, the mechanical property is not good, for example, an oil-resistant low-temperature-resistant rubber-plastic composition disclosed in Chinese patent publication CN101353451A and a flame-retardant thermosetting nitrile polyvinyl chloride rubber for wires and cables disclosed in CN102050971A are not good in wear resistance and high temperature resistance of the traditional system, can only meet short-term low-temperature oil resistance and cannot meet the requirement of long-term high-temperature oil immersion performance at 105 ℃.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides oil-resistant blended rubber-plastic cable sheath materials and a preparation method thereof, solves the problem that a rubber-plastic sheath in the prior art cannot meet the requirement of long-term high-temperature oil immersion at 105 ℃, and has the advantages of no deformation, no cracking and long service life after long-term use in high-temperature oil.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the preparation method of oil-resistant blended rubber-plastic cable sheath materials is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step , adding the layered mineral into a grinding machine, adding liquid nylon for wetting, grinding for 2-4 hours, continuously adding a stripping propping aid and a coupling agent into the grinding machine, continuously grinding for 2-4 hours, and uniformly mixing to obtain a jelly, namely a layered mineral-nylon blend;

and step two, adding the nitrile rubber and the chloroprene rubber into an internal mixer according to the weight ratio for times of internal mixing, adding an auxiliary agent into the rubber matrix for the second time of internal mixing, adding the layered mineral-nylon blend for the third time of internal mixing, and thinly passing through an open mill to obtain the oil-resistant blended rubber-plastic cable sheath material.

Preferably, the layered minerals are at least of mica powder, talc, montmorillonite, kaolin, illite and graphite.

Preferably, the liquid nylon is a glue solution with the mass concentration of 15% obtained by dissolving nylon in dimethylformamide.

Preferably, the stripping propping aid is at least of sodium dodecyl sulfonate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate.

Preferably, the coupling agent is at least of silane coupling agent, titanate coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent and zirconate coupling agent.

, the layered mineral-nylon blend is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 10-20 parts of a layered mineral, 8-15 parts of liquid nylon, 0.5-1 part of a delamination supporting agent, and 0.1-0.3 part of a coupling agent.

, the rotation speed of the grinding in step is 38 r/min.

Preferably, the materials in the second step are banburied according to the parts by weight, 60-100 parts of nitrile rubber, 40-60 parts of chloroprene rubber, 20-40 parts of layered mineral-nylon blend and 5-10 parts of auxiliary agent;

preferably, the auxiliary agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of an anti-aging agent, 0.5-1.0 part of a vulcanization activator, 3-5 parts of a vulcanization crosslinking agent, 1-2 parts of a plasticizer, 2-4 parts of a dispersing agent, 3-5 parts of a flame retardant and 2-5 parts of a promoter.

, wherein the anti-aging agent is at least of anti-aging agent AW, anti-aging agent RD, anti-aging agent A and anti-aging agent D;

the vulcanization active agent is magnesium stearate;

the vulcanization crosslinking agent is sulfur;

the plasticizer is at least of plasticizer DOP, plasticizer DCP, plasticizer DMP, plasticizer DINP and plasticizer DIDP;

the dispersant is a plastic dispersant EBS;

the accelerator is at least of accelerator DMP-30, accelerator EP-184, accelerator BDMA, accelerator TMTD and accelerator DPG.

The flame retardant consists of the following components in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of red phosphorus, 2-3 parts of ammonium polyphosphate and 1-2 parts of tricresyl phosphate.

And , carrying out the temperature of times of banburying in the second step of the process is 55-65 ℃, and the banburying time is 3-4 min, carrying out the second banburying in the second step of the process is 55-65 ℃, and the banburying time is 5-10 min, and carrying out the third banburying in the second step of the process is 55-65 ℃, and the banburying time is 5-15 min.

The colloid is obtained by dispersing the lamellar mineral in the liquid nylon and grinding the lamellar mineral, and the colloid is subjected to rubber-plastic blending with a rubber matrix, so that the liquid nylon is favorably and uniformly dispersed with the lamellar structure mineral, the nylon has excellent oil resistance, and the dispersed lamellar structure mineral can resist the penetration of oil. The supporting force of the layered structure of the layered mineral is enhanced by adding the delamination supporting agent, and the raw materials are mixed more uniformly by the coupling agent.

The colloid is obtained by dispersing the lamellar mineral in the liquid nylon and grinding the lamellar mineral, and the colloid is subjected to rubber-plastic blending with a rubber matrix, so that the liquid nylon can be favorably uniformly dispersed with the lamellar structure mineral, the nylon has excellent oil resistance, and the dispersed lamellar structure mineral can resist the penetration of oil; the prepared blended rubber-plastic sheath has excellent oil resistance, high temperature resistance, chemical corrosion resistance and aging resistance, and can be used in severe environments such as high-temperature oil immersion and the like for a long time without deformation and cracking; the blended rubber-plastic sheath has the advantages of complete and reliable performance and long service life, and can completely meet the requirements of cable sheaths in specific fields.

The anti-aging agent, the vulcanization activator, the vulcanization cross-linking agent, the plasticizer, the dispersant, the flame retardant and the accelerator are added into the blended rubber-plastic sheath, so that various performances of the blended rubber-plastic sheath are improved, and the blended rubber-plastic sheath is more beneficial to processing and forming so as to be suitable for industrial large-scale production.

The invention relates to a flame retardant which is a functional auxiliary agent for endowing inflammable polymers with flame retardancy, and is mainly designed aiming at the flame retardancy of high polymer materials.

The second purpose of the invention is to provide oil-resistant blended rubber-plastic cable sheath materials prepared by the method.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the colloid is obtained by dispersing the lamellar mineral in the liquid nylon and grinding the lamellar mineral, and the colloid is subjected to rubber-plastic blending with a rubber matrix, so that the liquid nylon can be favorably uniformly dispersed with the lamellar structure mineral, the nylon has excellent oil resistance, and the dispersed lamellar structure mineral can resist the penetration of oil; the prepared blended rubber-plastic sheath has excellent oil resistance, and can be used in severe environments such as high-temperature oil immersion and the like for a long time without deformation and cracking; the blended rubber-plastic sheath has the advantages of complete and reliable performance and long service life, and can completely meet the requirements of cable sheaths in specific fields.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described in the following detailed description with reference to specific embodiments, but it should not be understood that the scope of the present invention is limited to the examples described below.