阅读说明：本技术 脱叶剂 (Defoliant ) 是由 罗昌炎 詹姆斯.T.布里斯托 于 2020-07-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种组合物,含有化合物(A)环丙酸酰胺和化合物(B),其中化合物(B)选自以下化合物中的一种：敌草隆、苯肽胺酸、嗪草酮、苯嗪草酮或丁噻隆；所述化合物(A)和化合物(B)的重量配比为100:1-1:100,优选50:1-1:50。所述的组合物适合用作植物脱叶剂；特别适合用作棉花、辣椒植物的脱叶剂。(A composition comprising a compound (a) a cyclopropionic acid amide and a compound (B), wherein the compound (B) is selected from one of the following compounds: diuron, phenmeditomine acid, metribuzin, metamitron or buthiuron; the weight ratio of the compound (A) to the compound (B) is 100:1-1:100, preferably 50:1-1: 50. The composition is suitable for use as a plant defoliant; is particularly suitable for being used as defoliating agent of cotton and pepper plants.)

1. A composition comprising a compound (a) a cyclopropionic acid amide and a compound (B), wherein the compound (B) is selected from one of the following compounds: diuron, phenmeditomine acid, metribuzin, metamitron or buthiuron; the weight ratio of the compound (A) to the compound (B) is 100:1-1:100, preferably 50:1-1: 50.

2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the combination of compound (a) and compound (B) is:

cyclamic acid amide + diuron;

cyclamic acid amide + phetamine acid;

cypionamide + metribuzin/metamitron;

cyclanilide + buthiuron.

3. The composition of claim 1, wherein:

the compound (B) is selected from diuron, the weight ratio of the compound (A) to the compound (B) is preferably 10:1-1:10, and more preferably 5:1-1: 5;

the compound (B) is selected from phenytamine acid, and the weight ratio of the compound (A) to the compound (B) is preferably 30:1-1: 30; more preferably 20:1 to 1:20, more preferably 10:1 to 1: 10;

the compound (B) is selected from metribuzin or metamitron, and the weight ratio of the compound (A) to the compound (B) is preferably 10:1-1:10, more preferably 5:1-1: 5;

the compound (B) is selected from buthiuron, and the weight ratio of the compound (A) to the compound (B) is preferably 30:1-1: 30; more preferably from 30:1 to 1:10, more preferably from 20:1 to 1:1, more preferably from 10:1 to 1: 1.

4. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition is formulated as an emulsifiable concentrate, an aqueous suspension, an oil suspension, a water dispersible granule, a wettable powder, a water soluble granule, a water soluble liquor, a suspoemulsion, an aqueous emulsion, a microcapsule suspension-suspension, a dry suspension, an ultra-low volume liquor, an electrostatic oil, a micro-granule.

5. Use of the composition of claim 1 for defoliation of plants.

6. The use according to claim 5, wherein the plant is a tree, fruit tree or vegetable plant.

7. The use according to claim 6, wherein the plant is a cotton, pepper, potato, sunflower, soybean, rape, sorghum plant.

8. The use according to claim 7, wherein the plant is a cotton, pepper plant.

9. A defoliant comprising a compound (A) which is a cyclopropanecarboxamide and a compound (B) which is a compound selected from one of the following compounds, and a conventional formulation auxiliary (C): diuron, phenmeditomine acid, metribuzin, metamitron or buthiuron; the weight ratio of the compound (A) to the compound (B) is 100:1-1:100, preferably 50:1-1: 50.

10. The defoliant according to claim 9, wherein compound (a) and compound (B) are combined in such a way that:

cyclamic acid amide + diuron;

cyclamic acid amide + phetamine acid;

cypionamide + metribuzin/metamitron;

cyclanilide + buthiuron.

11. The defoliant according to claim 9, wherein:

the compound (B) is selected from diuron, the weight ratio of the compound (A) to the compound (B) is preferably 10:1-1:10, and more preferably 5:1-1: 5;

the compound (B) is selected from phenytamine acid, and the weight ratio of the compound (A) to the compound (B) is preferably 30:1-1: 30; more preferably 20:1 to 1:20, more preferably 10:1 to 1: 10;

the compound (B) is selected from metribuzin or metamitron, and the weight ratio of the compound (A) to the compound (B) is preferably 10:1-1:10, more preferably 5:1-1: 5;

the compound (B) is selected from buthiuron, and the weight ratio of the compound (A) to the compound (B) is preferably 30:1-1: 30; more preferably from 30:1 to 1:10, more preferably from 20:1 to 1:1, more preferably from 10:1 to 1: 1.

12. A method of defoliating a plant, characterized in that the plant is treated with a composition according to claim 1 or a defoliating agent according to claim 9.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the plant is a tree, fruit tree, or vegetable plant.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the plant is a cotton, pepper, potato, sunflower, soybean, canola, sorghum plant.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the plant is a cotton, pepper plant.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a defoliant; belonging to the technical field of plant defoliation; the invention also relates to methods of plant treatment and plant defoliation by applying an effective amount of a defoliating agent to defoliate plants.

Background

Harvesting is an important link in cotton production. Mechanical harvesting is the direction of development in the future. Mechanical harvesting has high requirements on the defoliation rate and boll opening of cotton. Leaves remaining on the cotton plant affect not only the rate of harvesting (especially mechanical harvesting), but also the grade of the cotton.

Defoliants are commonly used to control plant growth and are applied to cotton plants for the purpose of defoliating the leaves prior to harvesting the cotton. Defoliants are often applied to cotton plants during harvesting of the cotton to cause the leaves to fall off without causing adverse effects on the bolls. By this method, cotton can be collected by machine and the contamination of cotton by the leaves on the plant can be avoided.

Owing to the ever-increasing economic and ecological requirements imposed on modern defoliants, for example with regard to effectiveness, application rates, residues, toxicity. There is therefore a long-felt need to develop new defoliants by combining known active ingredients.

Disclosure of Invention

It was surprisingly found that the compound (a) cyclanilide shows a synergistic effect in a particularly advantageous manner in combination with a compound (B), wherein the compound (B) is selected from at least one of diuron, phenmediphaine, metribuzin, metamitron or buthiuron.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a composition comprising a compound (a) a cyclopropionic acid amide and a compound (B), wherein the compound (B) is selected from one of the following compounds: diuron, phenmeditomine acid, metribuzin, metamitron or buthiuron; the weight ratio of the compound (A) to the compound (B) is 100:1-1:100, preferably 50:1-1: 50.

The compound (B) is diuron, and the weight ratio of the compound (A) to the compound (B) is preferably 10:1-1:10, and more preferably 5:1-1: 5.

The compound (B) is selected from phenytamine acid, and the weight ratio of the compound (A) to the compound (B) is preferably 30:1-1: 30; more preferably 20:1 to 1:20, more preferably 10:1 to 1: 10.

The compound (B) is selected from metribuzin or metamitron, and the weight ratio of the compound (A) to the compound (B) is preferably 10:1-1:10, and more preferably 5:1-1: 5.

The compound (B) is selected from buthiuron, and the weight ratio of the compound (A) to the compound (B) is preferably 30:1-1: 30; more preferably from 30:1 to 1:10, more preferably from 20:1 to 1:1, more preferably from 10:1 to 1: 1.

The compositions of the present invention are particularly suitable for defoliating plants. For example, in plant defoliation, rapid action and/or increased defoliation rates or lower rates of application are exhibited.

Simultaneous (i.e. combined or separate) or sequential administration of compound (a) and compound (B) gives higher defoliation rates than are possible with each individual compound. This unexpected effect is a true synergistic effect, not just a summation of activities.

Accordingly, the present invention provides the use of said composition as a defoliant. That is, leaf abscission is caused in plants. The composition of the present invention is suitable for use as a defoliant for plants such as trees, fruit trees and vegetables. Is especially suitable for defoliating cotton, hot pepper, potato, sunflower, soybean, rape, sorghum and other plants.

Therefore, the invention also provides a defoliant. The defoliant is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

a defoliant comprising a compound (A) a cyclopropanecarboxamide and a compound (B) and a conventional formulation auxiliary (C); wherein compound (B) is selected from one of the following compounds: diuron, phenmeditomine acid, metribuzin, metamitron or buthiuron; the weight ratio of the compound (A) to the compound (B) is 100:1-1:100, preferably 50:1-1: 50.

The compound (B) is diuron, and the weight ratio of the compound (A) to the compound (B) is preferably 10:1-1:10, and more preferably 5:1-1: 5.

The compound (B) is selected from phenytamine acid, and the weight ratio of the compound (A) to the compound (B) is preferably 30:1-1: 30; more preferably 20:1 to 1:20, more preferably 10:1 to 1: 10.

The compound (B) is selected from metribuzin or metamitron, and the weight ratio of the compound (A) to the compound (B) is preferably 10:1-1:10, and more preferably 5:1-1: 5.

The compound (B) is selected from buthiuron, and the weight ratio of the compound (A) to the compound (B) is preferably 30:1-1: 30; more preferably from 30:1 to 1:10, more preferably from 20:1 to 1:1, more preferably from 10:1 to 1: 1.

The amount of the compound (A) cyclanilide to be applied is preferably from 1 to 1000g a.i./ha, particularly preferably from 5 to 500g a.i./ha.

The application rates of the compounds (B) can vary within wide ranges, respectively, depending on the active substance, and are generally between 1 and 5000 g a.i./ha.

The preferred application rate of compound (B) diuron is from 10 to 3000 g a.i./ha, with a particularly preferred application rate being from 50 to 1000g a.i./ha.

The preferred application rate of compound (B) phenylalanine is 100-5000 g a.i./ha, and the particularly preferred application rate is 500-2000g a.i./ha.

Preferred application rates of compound (B) metribuzin or metamitron are from 1 to 1000g a.i./ha, particularly preferably from 5 to 500g a.i./ha.

Preferred application rates of compound (B) buthiuron are from 10 to 500g a.i./ha, particularly preferably from 10 to 300 g a.i./ha.

The defoliant of the present invention may be in the form of a conventional formulation. The preparation form can be missible oil, aqueous suspension, oil suspension, water dispersible granule, wettable powder, water soluble granule, water soluble liquid, suspoemulsion, aqueous emulsion, microcapsule suspension-suspension agent, dry suspension agent, ultra-low volume liquid, electrostatic oil agent and micro-granule.

The defoliant according to the present invention can be prepared by mixing the compound (a) and the compound (B) together with formulation auxiliaries.

The required formulation auxiliaries, such as liquid diluents, solid diluents, surfactants, such as emulsifiers or dispersants, and other additives are likewise known.

Suitable liquid diluents include water or organic solvents. Such as butanol, cyclohexanone, vegetable oil, methyl oleate, propylene glycol, high boiling aromatics, dimethyl sulfoxide, water, and the like.

Suitable solid diluents are talc, diatomaceous earth, magnesium aluminum silicate, activated clay, kaolin, clay, gypsum, bentonite, white carbon black, light calcium carbonate, limestone, wood chips, corn starch, soluble starch, and the like.

The defoliant of the present invention also comprises an emulsifier and a dispersant. Emulsifiers and dispersants facilitate the diffusion of the active ingredient to more sites on the surface of the plant leaf, thereby providing a higher degree of penetration or penetration into plant tissue.

Suitable emulsifiers may be anionic and/or nonionic emulsifiers, such as fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers, alkyl powder polyoxyethylene ethers, alkanolamide polyoxyethylene ethers, fatty acid polyoxyethylene ethers, fatty amine polyoxyethylene ethers, vegetable oil polyoxyethylene ethers, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether formaldehyde condensates, alkyl glycosides, block polyethers, polyglyceryl ether fatty acid esters and the like, alkylaryl sulfonates, alkyl and alkenyl sulfonates, polyoxyethylene ether sulfate salts, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon sulfonate condensates, succinate sulfonates and the like.

Suitable dispersants may be alkyl naphthalene sulfonates, bis (alkyl) naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensates, naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensates, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene phosphates, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether formaldehyde condensate sulfates, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate esters, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers, castor oil ethylene oxide adducts, ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block copolymers, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether formaldehyde condensates, octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether sulfates and methyl cellulose. For example, sodium lignosulfonate, calcium lignosulfonate, sodium methylnaphthalenesulfonate-formaldehyde condensate, sodium naphthalenesulfonate-formaldehyde condensate, sodium methylenenaphthalenesulfonate and the like.

The defoliant comprises a compound (A) and a compound (B), wherein the weight of the compound (A) and the compound (B) accounts for 1-90%, preferably 10-80% and more preferably 10-60% of the defoliant by weight in total.

If appropriate, the defoliants according to the invention may also be provided with further additional components, for example protective colloids, binders, adhesives, thickeners, antifreeze agents, antifoam agents, thixotropic agents, penetrants, stabilizers, sequestering agents, complex-forming agents.

Suitable thickeners are polysaccharides (e.g. xanthan gum, carboxymethylcellulose), inorganic clays (organically modified or unmodified), polycarboxylates and silicates.

Suitable anti-freeze agents are ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, urea and glycerol.

Suitable antifoams are polysiloxanes, long-chain alcohols and fatty acid salts.

Suitable binders are polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylates and cellulose ethers.

The defoliant of the present invention is used for defoliating plants with a rapid and/or higher defoliating effect, at a lower application rate.

The defoliant of the invention is used for defoliating plants. The defoliant of the present invention is useful in most plant types. Is especially suitable for defoliating plants such as trees, fruit trees, vegetables and the like.

The defoliant of the present invention is particularly suitable for defoliating cotton, pepper, potato, sunflower, soybean, rape, sorghum and other plants. The defoliant of the present invention does not cause phytotoxicity to potato underground tubers, soybean seeds, sunflower seeds, cotton fibers as the harvest.

The application time of the defoliant of the present invention may be slightly advanced or retarded depending on weather conditions and growth conditions of the crop, and the defoliant of the present invention may be used at a time when vegetative growth of the plant is completed and the plant is near the mature stage.

The defoliant of the present invention is particularly effective in treating cotton plants prior to cotton picking to promote defoliation.

When the defoliant is used as a cotton defoliant, the compound (A) and the compound (B) obtain a defoliation synergistic effect, so that when the defoliant is applied to cotton plants, leaves quickly fall off the plants, cleaner cotton linters can be harvested, and the pollution of the cotton linters by leaf fragments is reduced.

When the defoliant is used as a cotton defoliant, the defoliant is preferably used in a good weather condition. When spraying, the uniform spraying is ensured as much as possible.

The invention also relates to methods of plant treatment and plant defoliation by applying an effective amount of a defoliating agent to defoliate plants.

The present invention also provides a method of defoliating a plant comprising treating the plant with a composition or defoliating agent according to the present invention. Preferably a crop plant; especially cotton and pepper crops.

The invention also relates in particular to a method for treating cotton plants or pepper plants for defoliation.

The defoliant of the present invention is also useful for reducing plant regrowth. Preferably in suitable crops of useful plants, such as cotton, sunflower, capsicum or potato. Particularly preferred for reducing regrowth in cotton and pepper crops.

The defoliant of the present invention may be applied to plants by spraying or other known methods. The formulations are applied to the plants mainly by spraying, especially foliar spraying.

When appropriate, the formulations in commercial form are diluted with water in the customary manner at the time of application and then applied to the plants. For example, the special application methods customary in cotton cultivation, for example by spraying with an airplane.

The compound (A) and the compound (B) in the defoliant of the invention show synergistic effect, and the dosage and the cost are reduced through the synergistic effect among different compounds.

The use of the composition according to the invention as defoliant, i.e. to cause leaf abscission in plants. When the composition is used as a cotton defoliating agent, the composition can be used for defoliating in a limited time and high efficiency manner, can promote boll opening in advance, shortens boll opening period, improves cotton yield, has relatively centralized boll opening time of cotton, and is convenient for mechanical cotton picking. In addition, the combination of compound (a) and compound (B) significantly reduces the regrowth of crops, in particular cotton and pepper.

Detailed Description

Field test for defoliating cotton

Test subjects: cotton variety: xinluaozao No. 74.

Reagent to be tested: respectively dissolving compound A and compound B with acetone to obtain 10000 μ g/ml mother liquor, and adding 0.5% sorbitan monooleate polyoxyethylene ether (TWEEN-80) as functional adjuvant. The mother liquor is diluted into liquid medicine with different concentrations by using 0.1 percent of aqueous solution of sorbitan monooleate polyoxyethylene ether (TWEEN-80). Preparing compound A by using mother liquor of compound A and compound B: samples of compound B in different proportions.

3, test method:

3.1 cell design

Area per experimental cell: 35 m² _；

Each treatment was repeated 4 times.

3.2 application method and time

The cotton bolls are sprayed evenly by a common sprayer, the cotton bolls are basically mature, the cotton bolls are sprayed once in the boll opening period, and the water consumption is 50L/mu.

3.3 investigation time, number of surveys and method

Each cell takes 3 representative points, each point selects 10 continuous hanging brands, the fixed point plants are fixed to investigate the number of green leaves, and the leaf shedding rate and the leaf shedding effect are calculated.

(1) The base number of the pre-drug investigation was determined, and the number of green leaves at each spot was determined.

(2) The number of green leaves at each spot was investigated 10 days after the administration.

(3) The number of green leaves at each spot was investigated 20 days after the administration.

The drug effect was calculated as follows:

。

bioassay test example 1 combination of Cyclopropionamide and diuron:

table 1:

the defoliation effect in table 1 shows that the combination of cyclamamide and diuron shows a synergistic effect of the defoliation effect.

Bioassay test example 2 combination of cyclamic acid amide and phetamine acid:

table 2:

the defoliation effect in table 2 shows that the combination of the cyclamic acid amide and the phetamine acid shows a synergistic effect of the defoliation effect.

Bioassay test example 3 combination of cyclamic acid amide and metribuzin:

TABLE 3

The defoliation effect in table 3 shows that the combination of cyclamamide and metribuzin shows a synergistic effect of the defoliation effect.

Bioassay test example 4 combination of Cyclopropanoamide and Thidiazuron:

TABLE 4

The defoliating effect in table 4 shows that the combination of cyclamamide and buthiuron shows a synergistic effect of the defoliating effect.