阅读说明：本技术 一种生态养乌骨羊的方法 (Method for ecologically breeding black-bone sheep ) 是由 吕彦喆 孙成龙 曹路骋 张伯卫 明晶 吴庆婷 于 2018-07-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种养乌骨羊的方法,包括以下步骤：(1)搭建圈舍；(2)沼气发酵；(3)发酵废渣的处理；(4)放牧管理；(5)饲料准备；(6)乌骨羊的喂养；(7)疾病防治。本发明利用可持续的发展的理念,利用养殖过程产生的羊粪生产沼气,再将残渣作为种植基肥,不仅节约了大量的成产成本,还产生了很多养羊中副产业,增加了养殖收入,也保护了环境,同时也根据乌骨羊的生长特性,制定出科学合理的饲养方案,使得乌骨羊更好适应当地气候条件,以使得乌骨羊的生长发育、繁殖等性能接近或达到原产地纯种羊的水平。(The invention discloses a method for nourishing black-bone sheep, which comprises the following steps: (1) building a colony house; (2) fermenting the biogas; (3) treating fermentation waste residues; (4) grazing management; (5) preparing feed; (6) feeding black-bone sheep; (7) preventing and treating diseases. The method utilizes sustainable development concept, utilizes sheep manure generated in the breeding process to produce biogas, takes residues as planting base fertilizer, saves a large amount of production cost, generates a plurality of byproduct industries in sheep breeding, increases breeding income, protects environment, and simultaneously, according to the growth characteristics of the black-bone sheep, a scientific and reasonable breeding scheme is made, so that the black-bone sheep can better adapt to local climatic conditions, and the performances of growth, development, reproduction and the like of the black-bone sheep are close to or reach the level of pure-breed sheep in the origin place.)

1. A method for nourishing black-bone sheep is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) building a colony house: building a sheep raising farm far away from a pollution area, wherein the sheep raising farm comprises a sheep house and a stadium arranged around the sheep house, deodorizing padding is paved in the sheep house, the sheep house can regulate air circulation, the stadium fence is divided into at least 4 grazing areas, sheep are raised in the sheep house and the stadium, the occupation area of sheep in the sheep house is 2-3m 2/head, the day-to-day temperature in the sheep house is kept at 25-28 ℃, and the night temperature is 25 ℃;

(2) biogas fermentation: the biogas fermentation is that a plurality of biogas fermentation tanks are built beside a culturing farm, and a large amount of sheep manure generated in the culturing process is utilized to produce biogas;

(3) treatment of fermentation waste residues: residues generated after fermentation are sold to surrounding farmers as planting base fertilizers, then crop straws are purchased from the farmers for coarse feed in the sheep raising process, and redundant straws can be used for fermenting methane;

(4) grazing management: selecting mountainous regions with sufficient sunlight, dense vegetation, dense miscellaneous shrubs, dozens of Chinese medicinal materials growing and clean water sources as pastures, and adopting rotation grazing for stocking; in spring grazing, firstly, hay slopes are laid or some hay are fed, then, green grass slopes are laid, the sheep cannot eat dew grass in the morning due to cold weather in order to prevent the sheep from running green and hoove, otherwise, the sheep are easy to loose; in summer, the sheep flock should be well cooled and heatstroke-preventing work, in hot noon, the sheep flock should be in a ventilated and cool place for rest, and at the same time, more water and salt should be supplied to the sheep flock; in autumn, sheep are fully placed in the sheep group during the fat-grasping and breeding season; winter protection, warm keeping, fat protection and lamb protection are paid attention to in winter; after the flocks are looped, the honeysuckle and the dandelion are eaten, and the decoction is obtained after the honeysuckle and the dandelion are decocted;

(5) preparing feed: chopping fresh stem and leaf of various plants edible for black-bone sheep, and making into silage by anaerobic fermentation, or air drying fresh stem and leaf of plants to make into dry feed, or making various beans, cereals, corn, sorghum, and bean cake into concentrated feed;

(6) feeding the black-bone sheep: the feed for adult sheep is mainly coarse feed and is fed together with concentrated feed, 1-1.5kg of the feed is fed for each adult sheep per day, and the feed is fed for 3-5 times; the concentrated feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of corn, 35 parts of wheat bran, 5 parts of peanut sprout, 5 parts of malt root, 8 parts of bean cake, 8 parts of wheat bran, 2 parts of fishbone powder, 0.6 part of salt, 6 parts of egg yolk powder, 11 parts of hay powder and 6 parts of carrot freeze-dried powder; wherein the coarse feed consists of the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of dried corn leaves, 40 parts of dried sweet potato seedlings, 20 parts of bagasse, 25 parts of green grass, 0.8 part of salt, 12 parts of bean dregs, 8 parts of wheat bran, 10 parts of corn, 10 parts of wheat bran and 5 parts of flavoring agent;

(7) disease prevention and treatment: and (3) disinfecting the sheep house and the annular moving area by using quicklime powder regularly, and preventing sheep anthrax, sheep plague, sheep enterotoxemia and tetanus by using main shot vaccines regularly.

2. The method for raising black-bone sheep according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the decoction is prepared by the following steps: taking 150-.

3. A method for raising black-bone sheep as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (4), said vitamin complex comprises vitamin a, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin B1 and vitamin B6, and each kilogram of said vitamin complex comprises: vitamin A15000000IU, vitamin D36000000, vitamin E100000IU, vitamin B113000mg, vitamin B615000mg and the balance of carrier defatted rice bran.

4. The method for raising black-bone sheep according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the trace element additive is prepared in the following ratio: 0.6% of ferric sulfate, 0.4% of copper sulfate, 0.3% of manganese sulfate, 1.4% of zinc sulfate, 4.18% of magnesium sulfate, 0.02% of cobalt chloride, 0.004% of potassium iodide and 1.32% of cellulase.

5. The method for raising black-bone sheep according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the prolactin agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of cyclodextrin, 10-13 parts of puerarin, 8-10 parts of ginseng stem and leaf saponin, 8-10 parts of honeysuckle, 5-10 parts of non-esterified fatty acid, 5-10 parts of peony, 3-10 parts of cassia twig, 2-8 parts of red date and 1-5 parts of poria cocos.

6. The method for raising black-bone sheep according to claim 1, wherein in step (6), the high-nutrient feed is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 55 parts of millet pulp, 18 parts of milk powder, 7 parts of corn pulp, 3 parts of peanut pulp, 0.2 part of salt, 1 part of yam polysaccharide, 5 parts of pumpkin, 0.5 part of atractylodes macrocephala polysaccharide and 10 parts of Chinese herbal medicine growth promoter.

7. The method for raising black-bone sheep as claimed in claim 6, wherein the growth promoter is prepared from radix astragali 10-25 parts, flos Lonicerae 10-15 parts, fructus Amomi 10-15 parts, radix Angelicae sinensis 10-15 parts, radix Glycyrrhizae 12-15 parts, rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae 10-12 parts, fructus crataegi 5-10 parts, water 200-300 parts, soaking for 40-50min, decocting for 1.5-2.5h, and filtering to obtain filtrate.

8. The method for raising black-bone sheep as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (7), the weight ratio of the roughage to the concentrated feed is 7: 3.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of black-bone sheep breeding, in particular to a method for ecologically breeding black-bone sheep.

Background

The Fenghuangshan black bone mutton is delicious and rich in melanin, and has the double health-care functions of nourishing yin and tonifying yang. The black-bone sheep is divided into black-bone goats and black-bone sheep, the only origin in the world is the universal crossbow village in the city of lanken county, rage, Yunnan province, and as the origin of the black-bone sheep mainly resides in the family of the ordinary rice, the black-bone sheep is called as the ordinary black-bone sheep by local people, and the black-bone sheep is formally named as the blue-bone black-bone sheep in 2006 according to the origin and characteristics of the variety. The landlord black-bone sheep passes the identification and acceptance of the expert group of the national livestock and poultry genetic resource identification committee in 10 months in 2009, and is listed in the national livestock and poultry genetic resource record, the Chinese rare animal species record and the world rare animal species record in the same year.

Along with the growth of sheep raising industry, scale, intensification are bred more and more generally, and in the intensification was raised sheep, in order to practice thrift the cost, the sheep hurdle was lighter simple and easy, and the ceiling that uses is thinner, and the material is thermal-insulated the effect poor, and the ceiling generally sets up highly, leads to the thermal-insulated effect poor in summer, and the effect of keeping warm in winter is poor. In southern areas, the temperature in the sheep house is too high due to poor heat insulation of the ceiling, and exceeds the suitable temperature range for sheep growth, so that the sheep are easily ill due to heat stress, and the sheep are easily ill due to high temperature and low temperature due to poor heat insulation of the ceiling, and are easily ill due to cold due to poor warm-keeping effect due to high ceiling arrangement. In addition, the breeding density is high, the sheep are limited in the sheep house in the growth process, the movement is lacked, the air flow in the sheep house is not smooth, the odor is heavy, the sanitary condition is poor, diseases are easily caused, and the healthy growth of the sheep is not facilitated. Therefore, the configuration and the breeding method of the sheep farm need to be optimized, a proper growth environment is provided for sheep, and the morbidity is reduced.

The existing sheep raising method only focuses on raising sheep, but neglects the side industry possibly brought by sheep raising, thus not only increasing raising cost invisibly and reducing raising benefit, but also polluting environment by sheep manure and being not beneficial to sustainable development.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the analysis of the prior art, the invention provides a method for ecologically breeding black-bone sheep, which is established by improving the construction and feeding management conditions of standardized sheep and fully utilizing waste utilization in the breeding and planting processes.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for ecologically breeding black-bone sheep comprises the following steps:

(1) fish culture management: the fish pond is required to be 30-60 meters long, 5-20 meters wide and 2-4 meters deep, a drainage system is built, fishes are mainly selected to culture crucians, carps and grass carps, and fish feed is sheep manure, corn flour and weeds.

(2) Planting management: planting corn, two seasons per year, the first season: planting in 3 months and harvesting in 7 months; in the second season: planting in late 7 months and harvesting in 10 months; pasture planted in the blank season, sludge in a fish pond, sheep manure and the like can be used as fertilizers.

(3) Grazing management: selecting mountainous regions with sufficient sunlight, dense vegetation, dense miscellaneous shrubs, dozens of Chinese medicinal materials growing and clean water sources as pastures, and adopting rotation grazing for stocking; in spring grazing, firstly, hay slopes are laid or some hay are fed, then, green grass slopes are laid, the sheep cannot eat dew grass in the morning due to cold weather in order to prevent the sheep from running green and hoove, otherwise, the sheep are easy to loose; in summer, the sheep flock should be well cooled and heatstroke-preventing work, in hot noon, the sheep flock should be in a ventilated and cool place for rest, and at the same time, more water and salt should be supplied to the sheep flock; in autumn, sheep are fully placed in the sheep group during the fat-grasping and breeding season; winter protection, warm keeping, fat protection and lamb protection are paid attention to in winter; after the lamb group is looped, the decoction of the decocted honeysuckle and dandelion is eaten.

(4) Biogas fermentation: the biogas fermentation is that a plurality of biogas fermentation tanks are built beside a culturing farm, and a large amount of sheep manure produced in the culturing process is utilized to produce biogas.

(5) Treatment of fermentation waste residues: residues generated after fermentation are used as planting base fertilizers, crop straws are used as coarse fodder in the process of sheep raising, and redundant straws can also be used for fermenting methane.

(6) Preparing feed: chopping fresh stem and leaf of various plants edible for black-bone sheep, and making into silage by anaerobic fermentation, or air drying fresh stem and leaf of plants to make into dry feed, or making various beans, cereals, corn, sorghum, and bean cake into concentrated feed;

(7) feeding the black-bone sheep: the feed for adult sheep is mainly coarse feed and is fed together with concentrated feed, 1-2kg of the feed is fed for each adult sheep per day, and the feed is fed for 3-5 times; the concentrated feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of corn, 30 parts of wheat bran, 5 parts of peanut sprout, 5 parts of malt root, 10 parts of bean cake, 10 parts of wheat bran, 2 parts of fishbone powder, 0.5 part of salt, 6 parts of egg yolk powder, 10 parts of hay powder and 5.5 parts of carrot freeze-dried powder; wherein the coarse feed consists of the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of dried corn leaves, 40 parts of dried sweet potato seedlings, 20 parts of bagasse, 25 parts of green grass, 1 part of salt, 12 parts of bean dregs, 8 parts of wheat bran, 10 parts of corn, 10 parts of wheat bran and 5 parts of flavoring agent;

preferably, the preparation method of the decoction comprises the following steps: taking 150-.

Preferably, the multivitamin agent comprises vitamin a, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin B1 and vitamin B6, and each kilogram of the multivitamin agent comprises: vitamin A15000000IU, vitamin D36000000, vitamin E100000IU, vitamin B113000mg, vitamin B615000mg and the balance of carrier defatted rice bran.

Preferably, the formulation ratio of the trace element additive is as follows: 0.6% of ferric sulfate, 0.4% of copper sulfate, 0.3% of manganese sulfate, 1.4% of zinc sulfate, 4.18% of magnesium sulfate, 0.02% of cobalt chloride, 0.004% of potassium iodide and 1.32% of cellulase.

Preferably, the prolactin agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of cyclodextrin, 10-13 parts of puerarin, 8-10 parts of ginseng stem and leaf saponin, 8-10 parts of honeysuckle, 5-10 parts of non-esterified fatty acid, 5-10 parts of Chinese herbaceous peony, 3-10 parts of cassia twig, 2-10 parts of red date and 1-5 parts of poria cocos.

Preferably, the high-nutrient feed consists of the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of millet pulp, 18 parts of milk powder, 7 parts of corn pulp, 3 parts of peanut pulp, 0.3 part of salt, 1 part of yam polysaccharide, 5 parts of pumpkin, 0.7 part of atractylodes macrocephala polysaccharide and 10 parts of Chinese herbal medicine growth promoter.

Preferably, the Chinese herbal medicine growth promoter is prepared by adding 200 portions of water into 10-25 portions of astragalus root, 10-15 portions of honeysuckle flower, 10-15 portions of amomum fruit, 10-15 portions of Chinese angelica, 12-15 portions of licorice, 10-12 portions of bighead atractylodes rhizome and 5-10 portions of hawthorn fruit, soaking for 40-55min, decocting for 1.5-2.5h, filtering, and taking filtrate to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine growth promoter.

Preferably, the weight ratio of the roughage to the concentrated feed is 8: 2.

The method utilizes sustainable development concept, utilizes sheep manure generated in the breeding process to produce biogas, takes residues as base fertilizer for planting and fish-farming, saves a large amount of production cost, also generates a plurality of sheep-farming by-products, increases income of farmers, protects environment, and simultaneously works out a scientific and reasonable breeding scheme according to the growth characteristics of the black-bone sheep so that the black-bone sheep can better adapt to local climatic conditions, and the performances of growth, development, propagation and the like of the black-bone sheep are close to or reach the level of pure breed sheep in the origin place.

Detailed Description

The foregoing aspects of the present invention are described in further detail below by way of examples, but it should not be construed that the scope of the subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following examples, and that all the technologies that can be realized based on the above aspects of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.