阅读说明：本技术 陶瓷圆柱滚子贯穿式无心磨削加工方法及装置 (Ceramic cylindrical roller through type centerless grinding method and device ) 是由 周芬芬 姚蔚峰 李凯 夏如艇 孙枭童 秋朋园 吴继华 于 2019-11-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明的陶瓷圆柱滚子贯穿式无心磨削加工方法通过在导轮侧部设置修整轮,并在磨削轮和修整轮侧部分别设置工具电极,加工时,采用电解的方式使磨削轮和修整轮表面的金属结合剂发生阳极溶解实现在线同步修整,以使砂轮和修整轮在同一基准上修整,从而在机械结构上保证较高的修整精度,此外,在线电解修整可避免砂轮表面钝化堵塞,使砂轮长期保持良好的磨削性能,同时导轮在线修整,使导轮与圆柱滚子接触摩擦系数稳定,从而,获得较高的圆柱滚子加工精度,保证圆柱滚子的表面质量,同时,获得较高的加工效率。对应的,本发明还提供了陶瓷圆柱滚子贯穿式无心磨削加工装置,该装置可以实现陶瓷圆柱滚子高效、高精度磨削加工。(In the method, the side part of the guide wheel is provided with the dressing wheel, and the side parts of the grinding wheel and the dressing wheel are respectively provided with the tool electrodes, during processing, the metal binding agents on the surfaces of the grinding wheel and the dressing wheel are subjected to anodic dissolution in an electrolytic mode to realize online synchronous dressing, so that the grinding wheel and the dressing wheel are dressed on the same reference, and therefore, the mechanical structure ensures higher dressing precision. Correspondingly, the invention also provides a penetrating type centerless grinding device for the ceramic cylindrical roller, and the device can realize high-efficiency and high-precision grinding of the ceramic cylindrical roller.)

1. A ceramic cylindrical roller through type centerless grinding processing method is characterized in that during processing, a cylindrical roller to be processed is positioned by a supporting plate and a guide wheel, a grinding cooling spray head is arranged above the supporting plate and is connected with a grinding fluid supply device to spray grinding fluid to a grinding area, the guide wheel is inclined at a certain angle relative to a grinding wheel and is respectively driven by a motor, the cylindrical roller rolls and linearly feeds under the driving of the grinding wheel and the guide wheel, and the cylindrical roller is subjected to material removal through the grinding wheel;

the method is characterized in that:

the side part of the guide wheel is provided with a trimming wheel in parallel, the trimming wheel is driven by a motor to rotate, a speed difference exists between the trimming wheel and the guide wheel, and the guide wheel is trimmed through friction;

the side part of the trimming wheel is provided with a trimming wheel tool electrode which is connected with the cathode of an electrolytic power supply, and the center of the trimming wheel is connected with the anode of the electrolytic power supply through an electric brush; a grinding wheel tool electrode is arranged on the side part of the grinding wheel and is connected with the negative electrode of the electrolytic power supply, and a main shaft of the grinding wheel is connected with the positive electrode of the electrolytic power supply through an electric brush;

the grinding fluid supply device provides electrolytic grinding fluid; the grinding wheel is a metal bond grinding wheel, and the dressing wheel is a metal bond dressing wheel;

a guide wheel dressing nozzle is arranged above the dressing wheel tool electrode and is connected with a grinding fluid supply device to continuously spray electrolytic grinding fluid to fill the gap between the dressing wheel tool electrode and the dressing wheel with the electrolytic grinding fluid, so that the metal bonding agent on the surface of the dressing wheel is subjected to anodic dissolution; and a grinding wheel dressing nozzle is arranged above the grinding wheel tool electrode and is connected with a grinding fluid supply device to continuously spray electrolytic grinding fluid to fill the gap between the grinding wheel tool electrode and the grinding wheel with the electrolytic grinding fluid, so that the metal bonding agent on the surface of the grinding wheel is subjected to anodic dissolution.

2. The through centerless grinding method of a ceramic cylindrical roller according to claim 1, characterized in that: the main shaft of the grinding wheel is connected with an amplitude transformer, the amplitude transformer is connected with an energy converter, and the energy converter is connected with an ultrasonic generator, so that the main shaft of the grinding wheel obtains axial ultrasonic vibration.

3. The penetrating centerless grinding method of the ceramic cylindrical roller according to claim 1, wherein the electrolytic grinding fluid is prepared from the following raw material components in parts by weight: 5-10% of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 4-8% of lard oil, 0.1-0.2% of chlorinated paraffin, 0.01-0.05% of antirust agent, 0.02-0.05% of mildew-proof additive, 0.01-0.02% of D-limonene, 0.03-0.06% of defoaming agent, 0.03-0.07% of surfactant and the balance of deionized water.

4. The penetrating centerless grinding method of the ceramic cylindrical roller according to claim 3, wherein the electrolytic grinding fluid is prepared from the following raw material components in parts by weight: 8 percent of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 5 percent of lard oil, 0.1 percent of chlorinated paraffin, 0.05 percent of antirust agent, 0.05 percent of mildew-proof additive, 0.02 percent of D-limonene, 0.05 percent of defoaming agent, 0.05 percent of surfactant and 86.68 percent of deionized water.

5. The through centerless grinding method of the ceramic cylindrical roller according to claim 4, characterized in that: when in processing, the clearance between the tool electrode of the dressing wheel and the dressing wheel is 0.5-2 mm; the gap between the grinding wheel tool electrode and the grinding wheel is 0.5-2 mm.

6. The through centerless grinding method of the ceramic cylindrical roller according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the output voltage of the electrolysis power supply is 5-100V.

7. The through centerless grinding method of the ceramic cylindrical roller according to claim 6, characterized in that: the output voltage of the electrolysis power supply is 50V.

8. The ceramic cylindrical roller through type centerless grinding device comprises a grinding wheel (1), a guide wheel (2) and a supporting plate (3) arranged between the grinding wheel (1) and the guide wheel (2); the guide wheel (2) is inclined at a certain angle relative to the grinding wheel (1); the grinding wheel (1) is arranged on the rack (5) through a grinding wheel cross sliding table (4) and can move transversely and longitudinally relative to the rack (5); the supporting plate (3) is arranged on the rack (5) through a supporting plate linear sliding table (6) and can transversely move relative to the rack (5); the guide wheel (2) is arranged on the support plate linear sliding table (6) through a guide wheel linear sliding table (7) and can transversely move relative to the table top of the support plate linear sliding table (6); a grinding cooling spray head (11) is arranged above the supporting plate (3), and the grinding cooling spray head (11) is connected with a grinding fluid supply device (13);

the method is characterized in that: the grinding wheel tool electrode (8) is arranged on the side portion of the grinding wheel (1), the dressing wheel (9) is arranged on the side portion of the guide wheel (2), and the dressing wheel tool electrode (10) is arranged on the side portion of the dressing wheel (9); the grinding wheel (1) is a metal bond grinding wheel, and the dressing wheel (9) is a metal bond dressing wheel; the trimming wheel (9) is arranged on the guide wheel linear sliding table (7) through a trimming wheel cross sliding table (22) and can transversely and longitudinally move relative to the table top of the guide wheel linear sliding table (7); the grinding wheel tool electrode (8) is arranged on the grinding wheel cross sliding table (4) through a grinding wheel tool electrode cross sliding table (12) and can transversely and longitudinally move relative to the table top of the grinding wheel cross sliding table (4); the grinding wheel tool electrode (8) is connected with the negative electrode of the electrolytic power supply (21), and the main shaft of the grinding wheel (1) is connected with the positive electrode of the electrolytic power supply (21) through an electric brush; the trimming wheel tool electrode (10) is arranged on the trimming wheel cross sliding table (22) through a trimming wheel tool electrode linear sliding table (14) and can transversely move relative to the table top of the trimming wheel cross sliding table (22); the dressing wheel tool electrode (10) is connected with the negative pole of an electrolytic power supply (21), and the center of the dressing wheel (9) is connected with the positive pole of the electrolytic power supply (21) through an electric brush; and a grinding wheel finishing sprayer (15) is arranged above the grinding wheel tool electrode (8), a guide wheel finishing sprayer (16) is arranged above the finishing wheel tool electrode (10), and the grinding wheel finishing sprayer (15) and the guide wheel finishing sprayer (16) are respectively connected with a grinding fluid supply device (13).

9. The ceramic cylindrical roller through centerless grinding apparatus of claim 8, wherein: the ultrasonic generator (17) is arranged on the rack (6), the ultrasonic generator (17) is electrically connected with the transducer (18) through an electric slip ring, the transducer (18) is fixedly connected with the amplitude transformer (19), and the amplitude transformer (19) is arranged on the rack (5) through an amplitude transformer cross sliding table (20) and can transversely and longitudinally move relative to the rack (5); the end part of the amplitude transformer (19) and the end part of the main shaft of the grinding wheel (1) are correspondingly provided with connecting and matching structures, so that the amplitude transformer (19) can be connected with the main shaft of the grinding wheel (1).

10. The ceramic cylindrical roller through centerless grinding apparatus of claim 8, wherein: the electrolysis power supply (21) is a pulse electrolysis power supply.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a high-efficiency and high-precision centerless grinding method and device for a ceramic cylindrical roller, and belongs to the technical field of precision and ultra-precision machining.

Background

The cylindrical roller is used as a rolling body, has the capacity of bearing high load due to the linear contact between the cylindrical roller and the roller path, and is particularly suitable for the fields of mechanical equipment with large load and high-speed rotation, such as high-speed machine tool spindles, wind driven generators, rail locomotives and the like. With the development of high-speed and precise mechanical equipment main shafts, ceramic cylindrical rollers have extremely excellent comprehensive properties such as high hardness, high rigidity, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and the like, and are considered to be the best materials for manufacturing bearing rolling elements.

The through type centerless grinding technology is a main mode for processing the excircle of a ceramic cylindrical roller, and a processing system of the technology mainly comprises a grinding wheel (grinding wheel), a guide wheel, a supporting plate and a cylindrical roller (workpiece), wherein the grinding wheel is arranged at a certain inclination angle relative to the guide wheel. When the cylindrical roller is processed, the cylindrical roller is placed between the grinding wheel and the guide wheel, centering and supporting of the cylindrical roller are not needed by an ejector pin, the ground excircle itself serves as a positioning reference, the cylindrical roller is driven by the grinding wheel and the guide wheel to roll and linearly feed simultaneously, and materials are removed through the grinding wheel. The centerless grinding technology can process the whole cylindrical surface without clamping and positioning the roller, is easy to realize the automation of the production process and has high production efficiency.

However, in the machining process, the grinding force of a grinding area is large, the grinding temperature is high, the grinding wheel is easy to passivate and block, the grinding function of the grinding wheel is lost, the guide wheel plays roles in positioning, supporting, rotary driving and penetrating driving on the roller, the positioning and movement precision of the roller is directly influenced by the contour shape precision of the guide wheel, and the surface of the guide wheel is easy to wear due to long-term contact of the guide wheel and the roller in the machining process. These conditions are more prominent for processing high hardness, high rigidity, and wear-resistant ceramic materials. The grinding wheel dresser and the guide wheel dresser which are arranged on the centerless grinding machine are mainly diamond pens which can be independently adjusted, but because all components move independently, the introduced motion error is large, the dressing precision is low, the time consumption of the dressing process is reduced, and the machining efficiency is difficult to meet the machining requirements of high efficiency and high precision of the cylindrical roller.

Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new centerless grinding technology for ceramic cylindrical rollers to effectively solve the problems of low dressing precision of grinding wheels and guide wheels and influence on the machining precision in centerless grinding, and the problems of time consumption and influence on the machining efficiency in the dressing process.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a penetrating type centerless grinding method for a ceramic cylindrical roller, which has high processing precision and high processing efficiency. Correspondingly, the invention also provides a penetrating type centerless grinding device for the ceramic cylindrical roller, and the device can realize high-efficiency and high-precision grinding of the ceramic cylindrical roller.

For the processing method, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a ceramic cylindrical roller through type centerless grinding processing method is characterized in that during processing, a cylindrical roller to be processed is positioned by a supporting plate and a guide wheel, a grinding cooling spray head is arranged above the supporting plate and is connected with a grinding fluid supply device to spray grinding fluid to a grinding area, the guide wheel is inclined at a certain angle relative to a grinding wheel and is respectively driven by a motor, the cylindrical roller rolls and linearly feeds under the driving of the grinding wheel and the guide wheel, and the cylindrical roller is subjected to material removal through the grinding wheel; the side part of the guide wheel is provided with a trimming wheel in parallel, the trimming wheel is driven by a motor to rotate, a speed difference exists between the trimming wheel and the guide wheel, and the guide wheel is trimmed through friction; the side part of the trimming wheel is provided with a trimming wheel tool electrode which is connected with the cathode of an electrolytic power supply, and the center of the trimming wheel is connected with the anode of the electrolytic power supply through an electric brush; a grinding wheel tool electrode is arranged on the side part of the grinding wheel and is connected with the negative electrode of the electrolytic power supply, and a main shaft of the grinding wheel is connected with the positive electrode of the electrolytic power supply through an electric brush; the grinding fluid supply device provides electrolytic grinding fluid; the grinding wheel is a metal bond grinding wheel, and the dressing wheel is a metal bond dressing wheel; a guide wheel dressing nozzle is arranged above the dressing wheel tool electrode and is connected with a grinding fluid supply device to continuously spray electrolytic grinding fluid to fill the gap between the dressing wheel tool electrode and the dressing wheel with the electrolytic grinding fluid, so that the metal bonding agent on the surface of the dressing wheel is subjected to anodic dissolution; and a grinding wheel dressing nozzle is arranged above the grinding wheel tool electrode and is connected with a grinding fluid supply device to continuously spray electrolytic grinding fluid to fill the gap between the grinding wheel tool electrode and the grinding wheel with the electrolytic grinding fluid, so that the metal bonding agent on the surface of the grinding wheel is subjected to anodic dissolution.

Compared with the prior art, the ceramic cylindrical roller through type centerless grinding processing method of the invention is characterized in that the side part of the guide wheel is provided with the dressing wheel, and the side parts of the grinding wheel and the dressing wheel are respectively provided with the tool electrodes, during processing, the metal bonding agents on the surfaces of the grinding wheel and the dressing wheel are subjected to anodic dissolution in an electrolytic mode, and the grinding wheel and the dressing wheel are subjected to online synchronous dressing, so that the grinding wheel and the dressing wheel are dressed on the same reference, thereby ensuring higher dressing precision on a mechanical structure, in addition, the online electrolytic dressing can avoid passivation and blockage on the surface of the grinding wheel, leading the grinding wheel to keep good grinding performance for a long time, simultaneously leading the guide wheel to be dressed online, leading the guide wheel to be stable in contact friction coefficient with the cylindrical roller, further obtaining higher processing precision of the cylindrical roller, ensuring the surface quality of the cylindrical roller, simultaneously obtaining higher processing efficiency, and improving the processing efficiency and the processing, plays a very positive role, can provide key basic parts for a high-speed and high-precision spindle system, promotes the rapid development of related industries such as numerical control machines, precision instruments and the like towards the high-speed, high-efficiency and high-precision directions, can gradually form a high-tech industry for professional production of high-precision ceramic cylindrical roller bearings, and cultivates new economic growth points.

Preferably, in the method for through-penetrating centerless grinding of the ceramic cylindrical roller, the main shaft of the grinding wheel is connected with a horn, the horn is connected with a transducer, and the transducer is connected with an ultrasonic generator, so that the main shaft of the grinding wheel obtains axial ultrasonic vibration. Research shows that the processing efficiency of the centerless grinding of the cylindrical roller can be further improved under the condition that the main shaft of the grinding wheel has axial ultrasonic vibration during processing.

Preferably, in the method for machining a ceramic cylindrical roller by penetrating through a centerless grinding machine, the electrolytic grinding fluid is prepared from the following raw material components in parts by weight: 5-10% of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 4-8% of lard oil, 0.1-0.2% of chlorinated paraffin, 0.01-0.05% of antirust agent, 0.02-0.05% of mildew-proof additive, 0.01-0.02% of D-limonene, 0.03-0.06% of defoaming agent, 0.03-0.07% of surfactant and the balance of deionized water. At the moment, the electrolytic grinding fluid has good cooling and electrolytic capabilities, and the lard oil in the formula plays a good lubricating role, so that the surface of the cylindrical roller can be prevented from being scratched by large-particle abrasive grains, and the efficiency and the quality of grinding processing are further guaranteed; the D-limonene in the formula enables the lard oil to be more easily dispersed, and the whole mixed system is stable, so that the electrolytic grinding fluid is not easy to deteriorate and can be recycled for a long time; in addition, the formula contains D-limonene, so that the electrolytic grinding fluid has better cleaning capacity, has the function of preventing a grinding area from being blocked, and further ensures the processing efficiency. Further, the electrolytic grinding fluid can be prepared from the following raw material components in parts by weight: 8 percent of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 5 percent of lard oil, 0.1 percent of chlorinated paraffin, 0.05 percent of antirust agent, 0.05 percent of mildew-proof additive, 0.02 percent of D-limonene, 0.05 percent of defoaming agent, 0.05 percent of surfactant and 86.68 percent of deionized water.

As optimization, when the ceramic cylindrical roller penetrating type centerless grinding machining method is used for machining, the gap between the dressing wheel tool electrode and the dressing wheel is 0.5-2 mm; the gap between the grinding wheel tool electrode and the grinding wheel is 0.5-2 mm. At the moment, the electrolytic grinding fluid is easy to fill the whole gap area, has a certain retaining effect and is low in flow speed, so that the smooth electrolysis is further ensured.

Preferably, in the method for machining a ceramic cylindrical roller by penetrating through the centerless grinding, the output voltage of the electrolytic power supply may be 5 to 100V. Further, the output voltage of the electrolysis power supply may be 50V.

For the processing device, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the ceramic cylindrical roller through type centerless grinding device comprises a grinding wheel, a guide wheel and a supporting plate arranged between the grinding wheel and the guide wheel; the guide wheel is inclined at a certain angle relative to the grinding wheel; the grinding wheel is arranged on the frame through a grinding wheel cross sliding table and can transversely and longitudinally move relative to the frame; the supporting plate is arranged on the rack through a supporting plate linear sliding table and can transversely move relative to the rack; the guide wheel is arranged on the support plate linear sliding table through the guide wheel linear sliding table and can transversely move relative to the table top of the support plate linear sliding table; a grinding cooling spray head is arranged above the supporting plate and connected with a grinding fluid supply device; the grinding wheel tool electrode is arranged on the side part of the grinding wheel, the dressing wheel is arranged on the side part of the guide wheel, and the dressing wheel tool electrode is arranged on the side part of the dressing wheel; the grinding wheel is a metal bond grinding wheel, and the dressing wheel is a metal bond dressing wheel; the trimming wheel is arranged on the guide wheel linear sliding table through the trimming wheel cross sliding table and can transversely and longitudinally move relative to the table top of the guide wheel linear sliding table; the grinding wheel tool electrode is arranged on the grinding wheel cross sliding table through the grinding wheel tool electrode cross sliding table and can transversely and longitudinally move relative to the table top of the grinding wheel cross sliding table; the grinding wheel tool electrode is connected with the negative electrode of the electrolytic power supply, and the main shaft of the grinding wheel is connected with the positive electrode of the electrolytic power supply through an electric brush; the trimming wheel tool electrode is arranged on the trimming wheel cross sliding table through the trimming wheel tool electrode linear sliding table and can transversely move relative to the table top of the trimming wheel cross sliding table; the trimming wheel tool electrode is connected with the negative electrode of an electrolytic power supply, and the center of the trimming wheel is connected with the positive electrode of the electrolytic power supply through an electric brush; and a grinding wheel trimming spray head is arranged above the grinding wheel tool electrode, a guide wheel trimming spray head is arranged above the trimming wheel tool electrode, and the grinding wheel trimming spray head and the guide wheel trimming spray head are respectively connected with a grinding fluid supply device.

Compared with the prior art, the ceramic cylindrical roller penetrating type centerless grinding device has the advantages that the trimming wheel is arranged on the side part of the guide wheel, and the grinding wheel and the trimming wheel are provided with the specific electrolytic trimming component, so that the metal bonding agents on the surfaces of the grinding wheel and the trimming wheel can be subjected to anodic dissolution in an electrolytic mode during grinding, the grinding wheel and the trimming wheel are trimmed synchronously on line, the grinding wheel and the trimming wheel are trimmed on the same reference, and therefore, higher trimming precision is ensured on a mechanical structure, in addition, the surface passivation and blockage of the grinding wheel can be avoided during the online electrolytic trimming, the grinding wheel can keep good grinding performance for a long time, meanwhile, the guide wheel is trimmed on line, the contact friction coefficient of the guide wheel and the cylindrical roller is stable, and therefore, higher cylindrical roller processing precision is obtained, the surface quality of the cylindrical roller is ensured, and simultaneously, higher processing efficiency is obtained, the machining efficiency and machining precision of the batch production of the precise ceramic cylindrical roller are improved, a positive effect is achieved, key basic parts can be provided for a high-speed and high-precision spindle system, the rapid development of related industries such as numerical control machines, precise instruments and the like towards the high-speed, high-efficiency and high-precision direction is promoted, a high-tech industry for producing the high-precision ceramic cylindrical roller bearing in a professional mode can be formed step by step, and a new economic growth point is cultivated.

Preferably, in the ceramic cylindrical roller through centerless grinding processing device, an ultrasonic generator is arranged on the frame, the ultrasonic generator is electrically connected with the transducer through an electrical slip ring, the transducer is fixedly connected with an amplitude transformer, and the amplitude transformer is arranged on the frame through an amplitude transformer cross sliding table and can move transversely and longitudinally relative to the frame; the end part of the amplitude transformer and the end part of the main shaft of the grinding wheel are correspondingly provided with a connecting and matching structure, so that the amplitude transformer can be connected with the main shaft of the grinding wheel. During machining, the amplitude transformer can be connected into the grinding wheel spindle, the ultrasonic generator sends an electric signal with ultrasonic frequency, the electric signal is converted into high-frequency mechanical vibration through the transducer, the amplitude of the mechanical vibration is expanded through the amplitude transformer and is transmitted to the grinding wheel spindle, the grinding wheel spindle obtains axial ultrasonic vibration, and the machining efficiency of centerless grinding of the ceramic cylindrical roller is further improved.

Preferably, in the ceramic cylindrical roller penetrating type centerless grinding processing device, the electrolytic power supply is a pulse electrolytic power supply. The inventor finds that the trimming precision is higher by adopting a pulse electrolysis power supply.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a state in which a ceramic cylindrical roller is ground by using the ceramic cylindrical roller through-type centerless grinding apparatus of the present invention;

fig. 2 shows the best circularity values after machining the workpiece according to the experimental example of the present invention.

The labels in the figures are: 1-grinding wheel; 2-a guide wheel; 3-a supporting plate; 4-grinding a wheel cross sliding table; 5-a frame; 6-a supporting plate linear sliding table; 7-guide wheel linear sliding table; 8-grinding wheel tool electrodes; 9-a finishing wheel; 10-a dresser wheel tool electrode; 11-grinding the cooling spray head; 12-grinding wheel tool electrode cross slide; 13-grinding fluid supply means; 14-dressing wheel tool electrode linear slide; 15-grinding wheel trimming spray head; 16-a guide wheel finishing spray head; 17-an ultrasonic generator; 18-a transducer; 19-a horn; 20-a luffing jib cross slide; 21-an electrolytic power supply; 22-dressing wheel cross slide; 23-ceramic cylindrical rollers.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

The penetrating type centerless grinding processing method of the ceramic cylindrical roller can be realized by the penetrating type centerless grinding processing device of the ceramic cylindrical roller. The ceramic cylindrical roller penetrating type centerless grinding device can be obtained by modifying the conventional penetrating type centerless grinding machine.

Referring to fig. 1, as a specific example: the ceramic cylindrical roller penetrating type centerless grinding device comprises a grinding wheel 1, a guide wheel 2 and a supporting plate 3 arranged between the grinding wheel 1 and the guide wheel 2; the guide wheel 2 is inclined at a certain angle relative to the grinding wheel 1; the grinding wheel 1 is arranged on the frame 5 through a grinding wheel cross sliding table 4 and can transversely and longitudinally move relative to the frame 5; the supporting plate 3 is arranged on the rack 5 through a supporting plate linear sliding table 6 and can transversely move relative to the rack 5; the guide wheel 2 is arranged on the support plate linear sliding table 6 through a guide wheel linear sliding table 7 and can transversely move relative to the table top of the support plate linear sliding table 6; a grinding cooling spray head 11 is arranged above the supporting plate 3, and the grinding cooling spray head 11 is connected with a grinding fluid supply device 13; the grinding wheel tool electrode 8 is arranged on the side of the grinding wheel 1, the dressing wheel 9 is arranged on the side of the guide wheel 2, and the dressing wheel tool electrode 10 is arranged on the side of the dressing wheel 9; the grinding wheel 1 is a metal bond grinding wheel, and the dressing wheel 9 is a metal bond dressing wheel; the trimming wheel 9 is arranged on the guide wheel linear sliding table 7 through a trimming wheel cross sliding table 22 and can transversely and longitudinally move relative to the table top of the guide wheel linear sliding table 7; the grinding wheel tool electrode 8 is arranged on the grinding wheel cross sliding table 4 through a grinding wheel tool electrode cross sliding table 12 and can transversely and longitudinally move relative to the table top of the grinding wheel cross sliding table 4; the grinding wheel tool electrode 8 is connected with the negative electrode of the electrolytic power supply 21, and the main shaft of the grinding wheel 1 is connected with the positive electrode of the electrolytic power supply 21 through an electric brush; the dressing wheel tool electrode 10 is arranged on the dressing wheel cross sliding table 22 through the dressing wheel tool electrode linear sliding table 14 and can transversely move relative to the table top of the dressing wheel cross sliding table 22; the dressing wheel tool electrode 10 is connected with the negative pole of an electrolysis power supply 21, and the center of the dressing wheel 9 is connected with the positive pole of the electrolysis power supply 21 through an electric brush; a grinding wheel dressing nozzle 15 is arranged above the grinding wheel tool electrode 8, a guide wheel dressing nozzle 16 is arranged above the dressing wheel tool electrode 10, and the grinding wheel dressing nozzle 15 and the guide wheel dressing nozzle 16 are respectively connected with a grinding fluid supply device 13.

The ultrasonic generator 17 is arranged on the frame 6, the ultrasonic generator 17 is electrically connected with the transducer 18 through an electric slip ring, the transducer 18 is fixedly connected with the amplitude transformer 19, and the amplitude transformer 19 is arranged on the frame 5 through an amplitude transformer cross sliding table 20 and can transversely and longitudinally move relative to the frame 5; the end part of the amplitude transformer 19 and the end part of the main shaft of the grinding wheel 1 are correspondingly provided with a connecting and matching structure, so that the amplitude transformer 19 can be connected with the main shaft of the grinding wheel 1 (after the amplitude transformer 19 is connected with the main shaft of the grinding wheel 1, the amplitude transformer 19 needs to rotate together with the main shaft of the grinding wheel 1, so that the amplitude transformer 19 needs to be connected with a support for supporting the amplitude transformer through a bearing, and then the support is fixed on the table top of the amplitude transformer cross sliding table 20). During processing, the amplitude transformer 19 can be connected to the main shaft of the grinding wheel 1 to apply ultrasonic vibration; the amplitude transformer 19 does not need to be connected to the main shaft of the grinding wheel 1, namely the main shaft of the grinding wheel 1 does not have axial ultrasonic vibration during processing; whether or not to apply the ultrasonic vibration to the main shaft of the grinding wheel 1 is determined according to actual needs.

During machining, the grinding fluid supply device 13 supplies electrolytic grinding fluid (i.e., grinding fluid containing electrolyte). The electrolytic grinding fluid can be prepared from the following raw material components in parts by weight: 5-10% of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 4-8% of lard oil, 0.1-0.2% of chlorinated paraffin, 0.01-0.05% of antirust agent, 0.02-0.05% of mildew-proof additive, 0.01-0.02% of D-limonene (limonene), 0.03-0.06% of defoaming agent, 0.03-0.07% of surfactant and the balance of deionized water. The inventor finds that at the moment, the electrolytic grinding fluid has better cooling and electrolytic capabilities, and the lard oil in the formula plays a good lubricating role, so that the surface of the cylindrical roller can be prevented from being scratched by large-particle abrasive grains, and the grinding efficiency and quality are further guaranteed; the D-limonene in the formula enables the lard oil to be more easily dispersed, and the whole mixed system is stable, so that the electrolytic grinding fluid is not easy to deteriorate and can be recycled for a long time; in addition, the formula contains D-limonene, so that the electrolytic grinding fluid has better cleaning capacity, has the function of preventing a grinding area from being blocked, and further ensures the processing efficiency.

During processing, the clearance between the dressing wheel tool electrode 10 and the dressing wheel 9 can be controlled to be 0.5-2 mm; the gap between the grinding wheel tool electrode 8 and the grinding wheel 1 can be controlled to be 0.5-2 mm. When the electrolytic gap is 0.5-2mm, the electrolytic grinding fluid is easy to fill the whole gap area, has a certain retaining effect and is low in flow rate, so that the smooth electrolysis is further ensured. The power is electrified, the metal bonding agents on the surfaces of the grinding wheel 1 and the dressing wheel 9 are subjected to anodic dissolution, and the abrasive particles on the surfaces of the grinding wheel 1 and the dressing wheel 9 are kept sharp. The dressing wheel 9 moves back and forth along the generatrix of the guide wheel 2 while rotating, and dresses the guide wheel 2.

The electrolytic power supply 21 can adopt a pulse direct current power supply, so that higher finishing precision is obtained. The output voltage of the electrolysis power supply 21 may be 5 to 100V. The grinding wheel 1 and the guide wheel 2 can be trimmed by using the same power supply and adopting parallel connection wires; two power supplies of the same output may also be used as illustrated.

The invention is further illustrated below in connection with experiments.

Processing a workpiece: silicon nitride ceramic cylindrical rollers with the size phi of 20mm multiplied by 30mm and the number of 30. The average value of the initial roundness was 0.72 μm and the deviation of the roundness was 0.078 μm, and the average value of the initial surface roughness was 0.186 μm and the deviation of the roughness was 0.041 μm.

The electrolytic grinding fluid is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 percent of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 5 percent of lard oil, 0.1 percent of chlorinated paraffin, 0.05 percent of antirust agent, 0.05 percent of mildew-proof additive, 0.02 percent of D-limonene, 0.05 percent of defoaming agent, 0.05 percent of surfactant and 86.68 percent of deionized water.

The processing conditions are shown in Table 1:

the surface roughness and the shape accuracy of the machined workpiece are obviously improved, the roundness mean value is reduced to 0.257 mu m, the roundness deviation is reduced to 0.023 mu m, the roughness mean value is reduced to 0.038 mu m, the roughness deviation is reduced to 0.01 mu m, the best roundness value of the machined workpiece is 0.248 mu m (see figure 2), and the best roughness value of the machined workpiece surface is 0.026 mu m.

Experiments show that the penetrating type centerless grinding method for the ceramic material cylindrical roller can realize high-efficiency and high-quality grinding of the ceramic cylindrical roller. The reduction of the deviation of the roundness value and the deviation of the roughness value shows that the roundness and the roughness after processing are gradually converged, the batch consistency is improved, the smaller the deviation value is, the better the batch consistency is, and the method is suitable for batch processing.

The above general description of the invention and the description of the specific embodiments thereof, as referred to in this application, should not be construed as limiting the technical solutions of the invention. Those skilled in the art can add, reduce or combine the technical features disclosed in the general description and/or the specific embodiments (including the examples) to form other technical solutions within the protection scope of the present application according to the disclosure of the present application without departing from the structural elements of the present invention.