阅读说明：本技术 一种固定化微生物耦合型植草沟 (Immobilized microorganism coupling type grass planting ditch ) 是由 王蔚卿 周烨 刘曦 肖峻 谢予婕 黄建乐 杨阳 胡君 蒋加莉 杨燕华 于 2019-10-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种固定化微生物耦合型植草沟,包括：素土地基,素土地基上开设有植草沟；排水层,设置在植草沟的底部；种植土层,设置在植草沟内,且位于排水层上方；表面滞水层,设置在植草沟内,且位于种植土层上方；固定化微生物处理单元,固定化微生物处理单元包括若干蓄水模块,蓄水模块均设置在种植土层内的底部,且若干蓄水模块沿植草沟的延伸方向依次间隔排列；每个蓄水模块内均设置有若干固定化微生物模块,每个蓄水模块内的固定化微生物模块均间隔排列；本发明通过植草沟地下部分设置的蓄水模块及固定化微生物模块,调蓄植草沟收集的雨水径流同时,削减其中的污染物负荷,强化了植草沟对雨水的调蓄与净化能力。(The invention discloses an immobilized microorganism coupling type grass planting ditch, which comprises: the soil-planting ditch is arranged on the soil-planting foundation; the drainage layer is arranged at the bottom of the grass planting ditch; the planting soil layer is arranged in the grass planting ditch and is positioned above the drainage layer; the surface water retaining layer is arranged in the grass planting ditch and is positioned above the planting soil layer; the immobilized microorganism processing unit comprises a plurality of water storage modules, the water storage modules are all arranged at the bottom in the planting soil layer, and the water storage modules are sequentially arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the grass planting ditch; a plurality of immobilized microorganism modules are arranged in each water storage module, and the immobilized microorganism modules in each water storage module are arranged at intervals; according to the invention, the rainwater runoff collected by the grass planting ditch is regulated and stored through the water storage module and the immobilized microorganism module arranged at the underground part of the grass planting ditch, and simultaneously, the pollutant load in the rainwater runoff is reduced, and the rainwater regulation, storage and purification capacity of the grass planting ditch is enhanced.)

1. An immobilized microorganism coupled grass planting ditch, comprising:

the soil-planting ditch is formed in the soil-planting foundation;

the drainage layer is arranged at the bottom of the grass planting ditch;

the planting soil layer is arranged in the grass planting ditch and is positioned above the drainage layer;

the surface water-retaining layer is arranged in the grass planting ditch and is positioned above the planting soil layer;

the immobilized microorganism processing unit comprises a plurality of water storage modules, the water storage modules are all arranged at the bottom in the planting soil layer, and the water storage modules are sequentially arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the grass planting ditch; each water storage module is internally provided with a plurality of immobilized microorganism modules, and the immobilized microorganism modules in the water storage modules are arranged at intervals.

2. The coupled immobilized microorganism grass planting ditch of claim 1, further comprising an overflow weir and an overflow gully;

the overflow weirs are all arranged in the surface water-retaining layer; the overflow weirs are sequentially arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the grass planting ditch and divide the grass planting ditch into a plurality of stagnant water units by partitioning the surface stagnant water layer;

the downstream in each stagnant water unit is provided with one overflow inlet for stom water, the height of the water inlet of overflow inlet for stom water equals the height at surperficial stagnant water layer top, the bottom at overflow inlet for stom water communicates municipal rainwater pipeline.

3. The immobilized microorganism coupled grass planting ditch of claim 2, wherein the immobilized microorganism processing unit further comprises a plurality of overflow pipes; the water storage module is communicated with the overflow rainwater pipe which is positioned in the same water retaining unit through the overflow pipe.

4. The coupled immobilized microorganism grass planting ditch of claim 2, wherein the ratio of the center-to-center distance of the overflow weir to the top width of the grass planting ditch is 5: 1-10: 1.

5. The coupled type lawn nursery of claim 1, wherein the lawn nursery comprises an upper portion and a lower portion; the widths of the overground part and the underground part are gradually increased from bottom to top, and the width of the bottom of the overground part is equal to the width of the top of the underground part; the slope ratio of the side wall of the overground part is smaller than that of the side wall of the underground part;

the drainage layer, the planting soil layer and the surface water-retaining layer are all arranged on the underground part, and the top of the surface water-retaining layer is flush with the top of the underground part.

6. The immobilized microorganism coupled type grass planting ditch according to claim 5, characterized in that the side wall of the underground part is coated with an impermeable film.

7. The coupled immobilized microorganism lawn mower of claim 1, wherein each immobilized microorganism module comprises a rigid water-permeable outer frame and immobilized microorganisms; the immobilized microorganism is arranged in the hard water-permeable outer frame.

8. The coupled type of immobilized microorganism lawn nursery as claimed in claim 7, wherein the rigid water-permeable outer frame is made of PVC, the surface of the frame is open, and the inner surface of the frame is attached with water-permeable geotextile.

9. The immobilized microorganism coupled grass planting ditch of claim 1, wherein a permeable geotextile is laid between the drainage layer and the planting soil layer.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological water treatment facilities, in particular to the technical field of an immobilized microorganism coupling type grass planting ditch.

Background

The grass planting ditch is used as an ecological water treatment facility and is widely applied to interception and transfer of ground rainwater runoff in a sponge urban system. However, the grass planting ditches of various types do not have remarkable functions in the aspects of runoff pollutant load reduction and corresponding water quality purification while playing a runoff transferring function. The potential effects of the grass planting ditches in regional runoff control and water environment treatment are restricted. The immobilized microorganism technology utilizes the metabolism function of microorganisms to absorb, assimilate and convert pollutants in the surrounding water body and provide water quality of the water body by arranging an immobilized carrier containing engineering microorganisms in a matrix or the water body, but the immobilized microorganism technology is not mature and applied in grass planting ditches at present.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an immobilized microorganism coupled type grass planting ditch, which regulates and stores rainwater runoff collected by the grass planting ditch, reduces pollutant load therein, and enhances rainwater regulation and purification capability of the grass planting ditch through a water storage module and an immobilized microorganism module arranged at an underground portion of the grass planting ditch.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

an immobilized microorganism coupling type grass planting ditch comprises:

the soil-planting ditch is formed in the soil-planting foundation;

the drainage layer is arranged at the bottom of the grass planting ditch;

the planting soil layer is arranged in the grass planting ditch and is positioned above the drainage layer;

the surface water-retaining layer is arranged in the grass planting ditch and is positioned above the planting soil layer;

the immobilized microorganism processing unit comprises a plurality of water storage modules, the water storage modules are all arranged at the bottom in the planting soil layer, and the water storage modules are sequentially arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the grass planting ditch; each water storage module is internally provided with a plurality of immobilized microorganism modules, and the immobilized microorganism modules in the water storage modules are arranged at intervals.

The immobilized microorganism coupling type grass planting ditch further comprises an overflow weir and an overflow rainwater port;

the overflow weirs are all arranged in the surface water-retaining layer; the overflow weirs are sequentially arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the grass planting ditch and divide the grass planting ditch into a plurality of stagnant water units by partitioning the surface stagnant water layer;

the downstream in each stagnant water unit is provided with one overflow inlet for stom water, the height of the water inlet of overflow inlet for stom water equals the height at surperficial stagnant water layer top, the bottom at overflow inlet for stom water communicates municipal rainwater pipeline.

The immobilized microorganism coupled grass planting ditch comprises a plurality of fixed microorganism processing units, wherein each fixed microorganism processing unit comprises a plurality of overflow pipes; the water storage module is communicated with the overflow rainwater pipe which is positioned in the same water retaining unit through the overflow pipe.

The immobilized microorganism coupling type grass planting ditch is characterized in that the ratio of the center distance of the overflow weir to the top width of the grass planting ditch is 5: 1-10: 1.

The immobilized microorganism coupled type grass planting ditch comprises an overground part and an underground part, wherein the overground part is positioned above the underground part; the widths of the overground part and the underground part are gradually increased from bottom to top, and the width of the bottom of the overground part is equal to the width of the top of the underground part; the slope ratio of the side wall of the overground part is smaller than that of the side wall of the underground part;

the drainage layer, the planting soil layer and the surface water-retaining layer are all arranged on the underground part, and the top of the surface water-retaining layer is flush with the top of the underground part.

In the above immobilized microorganism coupling type grass planting ditch, an impermeable film is laid on the side wall of the underground part.

The immobilized microorganism coupled grass planting ditch comprises a water permeable outer frame and immobilized microorganisms, wherein each immobilized microorganism module comprises a hard water permeable outer frame and immobilized microorganisms; the immobilized microorganism is arranged in the hard water-permeable outer frame.

In the above immobilized microorganism coupled grass planting ditch, the hard water-permeable outer frame is made of PVC (Polyvinyl chloride), the surface of the hard water-permeable outer frame is provided with holes, and the inner surface of the hard water-permeable outer frame is attached with water-permeable geotextile.

In the immobilized microorganism coupling type grass planting ditch, a permeable geotextile is laid between the drainage layer and the planting soil layer.

Due to the adoption of the technology, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following positive effects:

1. according to the invention, immobilized microorganisms are coupled with the traditional grass planting ditch, and the corresponding interception and storage regulation carrier is arranged, so that rainwater runoff can be deeply regulated, stored and purified while interception and transportation are carried out, and the application feasibility of a sponge city system in areas with less land resources and unconditional large runoff storage regulation and purification facilities is enhanced.

2. The invention can form a distributed runoff interception, transfer, regulation and purification system in a certain area by combining with the traditional municipal underground pipeline drainage system, thereby greatly improving the application flexibility of facilities.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of an immobilized microorganism coupled type grass planting groove of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an immobilized microorganism coupled type grass planting trench according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of an immobilized microorganism coupled type grass planting trench according to the present invention.

In the drawings:

1. a plain soil foundation; 11, planting grass furrows; 111. an above-ground portion; 112. an underground portion; 2. a drainage layer; 3. planting a soil layer; 4. a surface stagnant layer; 5. an immobilized microorganism processing unit; 51. a water storage unit; 52. an immobilized microbial module; 53. an overflow pipe; 6. an overflow weir; 7. and (4) overflowing the gutter inlet.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of an immobilized microorganism coupled type grass planting groove of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an immobilized microorganism coupled type grass planting trench according to the present invention; FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of an immobilized microorganism coupled type grass planting trench according to the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a preferred embodiment of an immobilized microorganism coupled grass planting ditch is shown, comprising:

the plain soil foundation 1 is provided with a grass planting ditch 11.

And the drainage layer 2 is arranged at the bottom of the grass planting ditch 11. The drainage layer 2 can be filled with gravel with the particle size of 20-50 mm, the filling depth can be 20cm, and other materials and other filling depths can be selected, which is not limited herein.

Plant soil layer 3, plant soil layer 3 and set up in planting grass ditch 11, and plant soil layer 3 and be located drainage blanket 2's top. The planting soil layer 3 can be 10% coarse sand, 70% turf and 20% vermiculite, and the depth can be 50 cm. Other distribution ratios and depths of the ingredients may be selected, and are not limited herein. The planting soil layer 3 is used for uniformly planting drought-resistant and water-flooding-resistant herbaceous plants thereon.

The surface water-retaining layer 4 is arranged in the grass planting ditch 11, and the surface water-retaining layer 4 is positioned above the planting soil layer 3;

the immobilized microorganism processing unit 5 comprises a plurality of water storage modules 51, the water storage modules 51 are all embedded at the bottom in the planting soil layer 3, and the water storage modules 51 are sequentially arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the grass planting ditch 11; a plurality of immobilized microorganism modules 52 are embedded in each water storage module 51, the immobilized microorganism modules 52 in each water storage module 51 are arranged at intervals, and the immobilized microorganism modules 53 can be arranged in a rectangular array mode.

The water storage module 51 can be made of porous cellucotton and is wrapped with a water permeable geotextile, but the material of the water storage module 51 is not limited to the material. The volume of the water storage module 51 may be determined according to the water demand of the water storage module 51.

When the system is in operation, rainwater runoff is discharged from peripheral plots to the system, temporarily retained surface stagnant layers 4 in the grass planting ditches 11 penetrate downwards along the vertical direction of the grass planting ditches 11 in sequence through the planting soil layers 3, the water storage modules 51 and the drainage layers 2 to the lower plain soil foundation 1 to supplement underground water sources. The rainwater exceeding the normal water level of the surface stagnant water layer 4 flows to the downstream of the grass planting ditch 11.

The rainwater runoff on the surface of the grass planting ditch 11 is rapidly absorbed and fixed by the water storage module 51 embedded in the soil layer after the planting soil layer 3 primarily intercepts suspended particle pollutants with large and medium particle sizes, so that the total rainwater runoff amount in the grass planting ditch 11 is reduced. The water absorbed by the water storage module 51 and its contained pollutants are transferred via a hydraulic gradient to the immobilized microorganism module 52 embedded inside it. Various organic and inorganic pollutants in the water body are used as energy sources to supply immobilized microorganisms in the module so as to maintain the metabolism and population stability of the immobilized microorganisms. After rainfall, the rainwater runoff after the pollutant load is reduced by the immobilized microorganism module 52 is released to the surrounding soil medium through the water storage module 51 along with the hydraulic gradient caused by the transpiration of the ground surface in dry seasons so as to further supplement the growth requirements of underground water sources and plants on the ground.

The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the embodiments and the protection scope of the present invention are not limited thereby.

Further, in a preferred embodiment, a weir 6 and a gully 7 are included. The overflow weirs 6 are all arranged in the surface stagnant water layer 4. And the overflow weirs 6 are sequentially arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the grass planting ditch 11, and the grass planting ditch 11 is divided into a plurality of stagnant water units by the overflow weirs 6 through the stagnant water layer 4 on the partition surface. Weir 6 may be made of grouted stone, but is not limited to the above materials. The overflow weir 6 can retain part of rainwater runoff in the surface stagnant water layer 4, and the rainwater runoff is prevented from flowing away completely.

An overflow rainwater inlet 7 is arranged at the downstream of each stagnant water unit, and the height of a water inlet of the overflow rainwater inlet 7 is equal to that of the top of the surface stagnant water layer 4 and is used for controlling the water surface height of the surface stagnant water layer 4. The bottom of the overflow rainwater port 7 is communicated with a municipal rainwater pipeline. The rainwater runoff exceeding the normal water level of the surface stagnant water layer 4 can be discharged into a downstream stagnant water unit through the overflow weir 11, and can be collected by the overflow rainwater port 7 and then discharged into a municipal rainwater pipeline, so that the rainwater runoff on the surface of the grass planting ditch 11 is reduced.

Further, in a preferred embodiment, the immobilized microorganism treatment unit 5 further comprises a plurality of overflow pipes 53. The water storage modules 51 are communicated with overflow rainwater pipes 7 in the same water retention unit through overflow pipes 53. When the water storage module 51 is saturated, the excessive rainwater can enter the overflow rainwater port 7 through the overflow pipe 53, and then enter the municipal rainwater pipeline after being collected by the overflow rainwater port 7.

The overflow pipe 53 can be laid in the water storage module 51 and the planting soil 3 along the longitudinal center line of the grass planting ditch 11, and can be made of PVC material, the pipe diameter can be De110, and the outer layer is wrapped with permeable geotextile, but not limited to the arrangement mode.

Further, in a preferred embodiment, the ratio of the center-to-center distance of the overflow weirs 6 to the top width of the grass planting furrows 11 is 5:1 to 10: 1.

Further, in a preferred embodiment, the grass planting trench 11 includes an upper overground portion 111 and a lower underground portion 112. The widths of the overground part 111 and the underground part 112 are gradually increased from bottom to top, and the width of the bottom of the overground part 111 is equal to the width of the top of the underground part 112. The slope ratio of the sidewall of the above-ground portion 111 is smaller than that of the sidewall of the below-ground portion 112. The drainage layer 2, the planting soil layer 3 and the surface stagnant water layer 4 are all arranged in the underground part 112, and the top of the surface stagnant water layer 4 is flush with the top of the underground part 4.

The slope ratio of the overground part 111 can be selected to be 1:3, and the surface water retaining layer is in direct contact with the surrounding natural ground through the side wall of the overground part 111. The slope ratio of the underground portion 112 may be selected to be 2:1 to ensure structural stability of the underground portion 112.

Further, in a preferred embodiment, the sidewalls of the underground portion 112 are coated with an impermeable membrane (not shown).

Further, in a preferred embodiment, each of the immobilized microorganism modules 52 includes a rigid water-permeable outer frame and immobilized microorganisms (not shown) disposed within the rigid water-permeable outer frame. The immobilized microorganism can be prepared by an embedding method, and the embedding medium can be selected from polyacrylamide, but is not limited to the material.

Further, in a preferred embodiment, the rigid water-permeable outer frame is made of PVC, and has openings on its surface and a water-permeable geotextile on its inner surface.

Further, in a preferred embodiment, a permeable geotextile (not shown) is laid between the drainage layer 2 and the planting soil layer 3 to separate the drainage layer 2 and the planting soil layer 3.

According to the invention, the water storage module 51 and the immobilized microorganism module 52 are implanted into the traditional grass planting ditch, so that the rainwater runoff intercepted by the grass planting ditch 11 is regulated and stored by the water storage module 51, and simultaneously, the input rainwater runoff pollutants are digested and converted through biochemical reaction of microorganisms, thereby strengthening the regulation and purification capacity of rainwater on the basis of the traditional grass planting ditch, and realizing the unification of rainwater transportation, regulation and pollution load reduction functions under a smaller construction area. In the area with extremely tense land resources, the method has stronger application value.

While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.