阅读说明：本技术 一种身管内壁表面形貌检测机构 (Barrel inner wall surface appearance detection mechanism ) 是由 陈振亚 沈兴全 陈肖玮 文志浩 梁宇飞 闫宁 于 2019-11-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种身管内壁表面形貌检测机构,属于身管内壁检测的技术领域,包括旋转部分、定心部分和表面形貌检测部分；旋转部分包括镗杆和球铰；球铰包括壳体以及转动设置在壳体内的球体,壳体与镗杆固定连接；定心部分设置在表面形貌检测部分的两侧,包括套筒、楔形体、定心圆柱、压力弹簧、拉力弹簧和杆件；表面形貌检测部分包括密封筒、显微物镜、Nomarski偏振分光棱镜、半反半透镜、起偏器、聚光镜、激光发射器、45°反射镜、1/4玻片、检偏器和CCD摄像头。该身管内壁表面形貌检测机构结构简单,操作方便。(The invention provides a mechanism for detecting the surface topography of the inner wall of a barrel, which belongs to the technical field of the detection of the inner wall of the barrel and comprises a rotating part, a centering part and a surface topography detecting part; the rotating part comprises a boring rod and a spherical hinge; the spherical hinge comprises a shell and a sphere rotatably arranged in the shell, and the shell is fixedly connected with the boring rod; the centering parts are arranged on two sides of the surface appearance detection part and comprise sleeves, wedges, centering cylinders, pressure springs, tension springs and rod pieces; the surface appearance detection part comprises a sealing cylinder, a microscope objective, a Nomarski polarization beam splitter prism, a semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting mirror, a polarizer, a condenser, a laser emitter, a 45-degree reflector, an 1/4 slide, an analyzer and a CCD camera. The barrel inner wall surface appearance detection mechanism is simple in structure and convenient to operate.)

1. A barrel inner wall surface topography detection mechanism is characterized by comprising a rotating part, a centering part and a surface topography detection part;

the rotating part comprises a boring rod and a spherical hinge;

the spherical hinge comprises a shell and a sphere rotatably arranged in the shell, and the shell is fixedly connected with the boring rod;

the centering parts are arranged on two sides of the surface appearance detection part and comprise sleeves, wedges, centering cylinders, pressure springs, tension springs and rod pieces;

the surface appearance detection part comprises a sealing cylinder, a microscope objective, a Nomarski polarization beam splitter prism, a semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting mirror, a polarizer, a condenser, a laser emitter, a 45-degree reflector, an 1/4 slide, an analyzer and a CCD camera;

the first ends of the two sleeves are respectively fixedly connected with two ends of the sealing barrel, the second end of the sleeve positioned between the rotating part and the surface appearance detecting part is fixedly connected with the ball body, a plurality of through holes are uniformly formed in the barrel wall of the sleeve, and the central shafts of the boring rod, the spherical hinge, the sleeve and the sealing barrel are collinear;

the wedge-shaped body is positioned in the sleeve and is of a circumferential symmetrical structure, the position close to the bottom end is an annular surface attached to the inner wall of the sleeve, and the top end is an annular clamping table protruding towards the circumferential direction;

the centering cylinder is positioned on the central shaft of the sleeve, and two ends of the centering cylinder are fixed at two ends of the sleeve and pass through the central shaft of the wedge body in a sliding manner;

two ends of the pressure spring are respectively connected with the sleeve and the bottom end of the wedge-shaped body;

the tension spring is sleeved on the centering cylinder, and two ends of the tension spring are respectively connected with the sleeve and the annular clamping table of the wedge-shaped body;

the rod piece penetrates through the through hole of the sleeve, the inner end of the rod piece is abutted against the inclined plane of the wedge-shaped body, the outer end of the rod piece is provided with a universal wheel, and the universal wheel is clamped into the female line of the body pipe;

a plurality of mounting windows are uniformly arranged on the wall of the sealing cylinder, and each mounting window is provided with a microscope objective;

the Nomarski polarization beam splitter prism, the semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting lens, the polarizer, the condenser and the laser emitter are arranged in the sealing cylinder corresponding to the microobjective;

the 45-degree reflecting mirror and the CCD camera are respectively arranged at two ends of the sealing cylinder, and the central axes of the 45-degree reflecting mirror, the CCD camera and the sealing cylinder are collinear;

the 1/4 slide and the analyzer are arranged between the reflector and the CCD camera;

the laser emitted by the laser emitter is emitted to the semi-reflecting and semi-transparent mirror through the condenser and the polarizer, is reflected to the Nomarski polarization beam splitter prism through the semi-reflecting and semi-transparent mirror, is emitted to the microscope objective lens through the Nomarski polarization beam splitter prism, passes through the microscope objective lens to reach the inner wall of the barrel, and is emitted to the CCD camera through the Nomarski polarization beam splitter prism, the semi-reflecting and semi-transparent mirror and the 45-degree reflector after being reflected by the 45-degree reflector, passes through the 1/4 glass slide and the analyzer.

2. The mechanism of claim 1, wherein a rubber pad is disposed on an end surface of the annular clamping table facing the rod.

3. The barrel inner wall surface morphology detection mechanism of claim 1, characterized in that an extension tube is fixed in the through hole of the sleeve;

the rod passes through the extension pipe.

4. The barrel inner wall surface morphology detection mechanism of claim 1 or 3, wherein the sleeve is formed by connecting two cylinder parts through bolts.

5. The barrel inner wall surface morphology detection mechanism of claim 5, wherein the sleeve and the sealing cylinder are connected through a bolt.

6. The barrel inner wall surface morphology detection mechanism of claim 1, wherein the Nomarski polarization beam splitter prism, the semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting mirror, the polarizer, the condenser, the laser emitter, the 45 ° reflector, the 1/4 slide, the analyzer and the CCD camera are all mounted in the sealed cylinder through a fixing frame.

7. The barrel inner wall surface morphology detection mechanism of claim 1, further comprising a connecting screw;

a first nut is arranged on the sleeve between the rotating part and the surface appearance detecting part;

the connecting screw penetrates through the ball body, the first end of the connecting screw is in threaded connection with the first nut, the second end of the connecting screw is located in the boring rod and is sleeved with the second nut, and a gasket is arranged between the second nut and the ball body.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of barrel inner wall detection, and particularly discloses a barrel inner wall surface appearance detection mechanism.

Background

The barrel is used as a part of repeated work of the artillery, and the condition of the inner wall is continuously changed in the continuous use process, so that the damage is caused, even the phenomenon of 'bore explosion' is caused, and therefore, the detection of the internal parameters of the barrel and the observation of the damage condition of the inner wall have great significance for predicting the working life of the barrel and ensuring the flight track of the projectile. As the number of the shots shot by the gun barrel increases, firstly, a reticular crack appears at the starting part of the rifling; continuously emitting, wherein the original cracks are connected in a net shape and are continuously widened and deepened; because of the mechanical abrasion of the projectile to the inner cavity and the scouring action of gunpowder and fuel gas, the surface layer metal is gradually peeled off, the size of the inner cavity is enlarged, and because of the scouring of high-temperature and high-speed fire gas fuel, a longitudinal ablation groove is formed at the bottom of the negative line, which are just the process of gradual aging of the inner cavity and the defects formed during the use of the cannon barrel. The defects of the barrel inner bore comprise rust spots, abrasion and ablation, the inner bore is damaged due to repeated action of high-temperature, high-pressure and high-speed gunpowder gas in the bore, a projectile and a projectile guide part on metal in the bore during firing, the phenomena of metal property change, shaking, peeling, cauterization and the like of the metal on the surface of the bore under the cold and hot circulation of the gunpowder gas and the physical and chemical actions are generally called ablation, the change of the size and the shape of the inner bore is called abrasion, and the abrasion on the surface of the inner bore comprises two parts of scratch and abrasion.

The current detection method for the shape of the inner wall of the barrel generally comprises the following steps: a contact physical detection method, an ultrasonic detection method and a physical photoelectric detection method. The physical photoelectric detection method mainly comprises a CCD (charge coupled device) camera shooting method, a laser triangulation method, a laser projection method and the like. The CCD camera shooting method has strict technical requirements on CCD selection for ensuring precision, the laser triangulation method technology is easily interfered by certain factors in a circuit in the detection process to influence data accuracy, and the detection part of the laser projection method technology is complex in composition and needs to be reasonably arranged in a limited area. Such a non-contact detection method represented by a photoelectric technique is more widely used because of its high accuracy although its use conditions are severe.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a barrel inner wall surface appearance detection mechanism which is simple in structure and convenient to operate.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a barrel inner wall surface topography detection mechanism, comprising a rotation part, a centering part and a surface topography detection part; the rotating part comprises a boring rod and a spherical hinge; the spherical hinge comprises a shell and a sphere rotatably arranged in the shell, and the shell is fixedly connected with the boring rod; the centering parts are arranged on two sides of the surface appearance detection part and comprise sleeves, wedges, centering cylinders, pressure springs, tension springs and rod pieces; the surface appearance detection part comprises a sealing cylinder, a microscope objective, a Nomarski polarization beam splitter prism, a semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting mirror, a polarizer, a condenser, a laser emitter, a 45-degree reflector, an 1/4 slide, an analyzer and a CCD camera; the first ends of the two sleeves are respectively fixedly connected with two ends of the sealing barrel, the second end of the sleeve positioned between the rotating part and the surface appearance detecting part is fixedly connected with the ball body, a plurality of through holes are uniformly formed in the barrel wall of the sleeve, and the central shafts of the boring rod, the spherical hinge, the sleeve and the sealing barrel are collinear; the wedge-shaped body is positioned in the sleeve and is of a circumferential symmetrical structure, the position close to the bottom end is an annular surface attached to the inner wall of the sleeve, and the top end is an annular clamping table protruding towards the circumferential direction; the centering cylinder is positioned on the central shaft of the sleeve, and two ends of the centering cylinder are fixed at two ends of the sleeve and pass through the central shaft of the wedge-shaped body in a sliding manner; two ends of the pressure spring are respectively connected with the sleeve and the bottom end of the wedge-shaped body; the tension spring is sleeved on the centering cylinder, and two ends of the tension spring are respectively connected with the sleeve and the annular clamping table of the wedge-shaped body; the rod piece penetrates through the through hole of the sleeve, the inner end of the rod piece is abutted against the inclined plane of the wedge-shaped body, the outer end of the rod piece is provided with a universal wheel, and the universal wheel is clamped into the female line of the body pipe; a plurality of mounting windows are uniformly arranged on the wall of the sealing cylinder, and each mounting window is provided with a microscope objective; the Nomarski polarization beam splitter prism, the semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting lens, the polarizer, the condenser and the laser emitter are arranged in the sealing cylinder corresponding to the microscope objective; the 45-degree reflecting mirror and the CCD camera are respectively arranged at two ends of the sealing cylinder, and the central axes of the 45-degree reflecting mirror, the CCD camera and the sealing cylinder are collinear; 1/4 the slide and analyzer are arranged between the reflector and the CCD camera; laser emitted by the laser emitter is emitted to the semi-reflecting and semi-transparent mirror through the condenser and the polarizer, is reflected to the Nomarski polarization beam splitter prism through the semi-reflecting and semi-transparent mirror, is emitted to the microscope objective through the Nomarski polarization beam splitter prism, passes through the microscope objective to reach the inner wall of the barrel, and light reflected by the inner wall of the barrel passes through the Nomarski polarization beam splitter prism and the semi-reflecting and semi-transparent mirror to the 45-degree reflector, and is reflected by the 45-degree reflector to pass through the 1/4 slide and the analyzer to be emitted to the CCD camera.

Further, the annular clamping table is provided with a rubber pad towards the end face of the rod piece.

Furthermore, an extension pipe is fixed in the through hole of the sleeve; the rod passes through the extension pipe.

Further, the sleeve is formed by connecting two parts of the cylinder bodies through bolts.

Further, the sleeve and the sealing cylinder are connected through a bolt.

Further, the Nomarski polarization beam splitter prism, the semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting mirror, the polarizer, the condenser, the laser emitter, the 45-degree reflector, the 1/4 glass slide, the analyzer and the CCD camera are all arranged in the sealing cylinder through a fixing frame.

Further, the barrel inner wall surface appearance detection mechanism also comprises a connecting screw rod; a first nut is arranged on the sleeve between the rotating part and the surface appearance detecting part; the connecting screw penetrates through the ball body, the first end is in threaded connection with the first nut, the second end is located in the boring rod and is sleeved with the second nut, and a gasket is arranged between the second nut and the ball body.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the external translation mechanism of boring bar applys the effort of translation to the boring bar, because the thrust of rotatable and spiral barrel negative line to the member of spheroid, centering part and surface topography detection part will be at barrel internal rotation translation, at the rotation translation in-process, barrel inner wall, member, wedge, compression spring and tension spring interact, make the wedge remove along the centering cylinder, the member is flexible according to the barrel internal diameter, the universal wheel can block into in the barrel negative line all the time, the adaptation does not use the barrel of internal diameter. When the whole mechanism moves along the axis direction of the barrel, the measurement condition of the size and the shape of the inner wall of the barrel can be obtained, and the mechanism has the advantages of high measurement speed, high measurement accuracy, high measurement precision and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a barrel inner wall surface topography detection mechanism provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the barrel inner wall surface topography detection mechanism of FIG. 1 in the direction A-A;

fig. 3 is a sectional view in the direction B-B of the barrel inner wall surface topography detecting mechanism shown in fig. 1.

In the figure: 1-boring bar; 2-spherical hinge; 3-a sleeve; 4-a wedge; 5-centering the cylinder; 6-a pressure spring; 7-a tension spring; 8-a rod member; 9-sealing the cylinder; 10-a microscope objective; 11-Nomarski polarization beam splitter prism; 12-a half-reflecting and half-transmitting mirror; 13-a polarizer; 14-a condenser lens; 15-a laser emitter; a 16-45 degree mirror; 17-1/4 slide; 18-an analyzer; 19-a CCD camera; 20-universal wheels; 21-rubber pad; 22-an extension tube; 23-a fixing frame; 24-connecting screw; 25-a first nut; 26-a second nut; 27-a gasket; 101-female line of barrel; 102-barrel.

Detailed Description

The embodiment provides a barrel inner wall surface appearance detection mechanism, which comprises a rotating part, a centering part and a surface appearance detection part; the rotating part comprises a boring bar 1 and a spherical hinge 2; the spherical hinge comprises a shell and a sphere rotatably arranged in the shell, and the shell is fixedly connected with the boring bar 1; the centering part is arranged on two sides of the surface appearance detection part and comprises a sleeve 3, a wedge-shaped body 4, a centering cylinder 5, a pressure spring 6, a tension spring 7 and a rod piece 8; the surface appearance detection part comprises a sealing cylinder 9, a microscope objective 10, a Nomarski polarization beam splitter prism 11, a semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting mirror 12, a polarizer 13, a condenser 14, a laser emitter 15, a 45-degree reflector 16, an 1/4 slide 17, an analyzer 18 and a CCD camera 19; the first ends of the two sleeves 3 are respectively fixedly connected with two ends of a sealing barrel 9, the second end of the sleeve 3 positioned between the rotating part and the surface appearance detecting part is fixedly connected with a sphere, a plurality of through holes are uniformly formed in the barrel wall of the sleeve 3, and the central shafts of the boring bar 1, the spherical hinge 2, the sleeve 3 and the sealing barrel 9 are collinear; the wedge-shaped body 4 is positioned in the sleeve 3 and has a circumferential symmetrical structure, the position close to the bottom end is an annular surface attached to the inner wall of the sleeve 3, and the top end is an annular clamping table protruding towards the circumferential direction; the centering cylinder 5 is positioned on the central shaft of the sleeve 3, two ends of the centering cylinder are fixed at two ends of the sleeve 3, and the centering cylinder penetrates through the central shaft of the wedge-shaped body 4 in a sliding manner; two ends of the pressure spring 6 are respectively connected with the sleeve 3 and the bottom end of the wedge-shaped body 4; the tension spring 7 is sleeved on the centering cylinder 5, and two ends of the tension spring are respectively connected with the sleeve 3 and the annular clamping table of the wedge-shaped body 4; the rod 8 penetrates through the through hole of the sleeve 3, the inner end of the rod abuts against the inclined plane of the wedge-shaped body 4, the outer end of the rod is provided with a universal wheel 20, and the universal wheel 20 is clamped into the female line 101 of the body pipe; a plurality of mounting windows are uniformly arranged on the wall of the sealing cylinder 9, and each mounting window is provided with a microscope objective 10; the Nomarski polarization beam splitter prism 11, the semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting mirror 12, the polarizer 13, the condenser 14 and the laser emitter 15 are arranged in the sealing cylinder 9 corresponding to the microscope objective lens 10; the 45-degree reflecting mirror 16 and the CCD camera 19 are respectively arranged at two ends of the sealing cylinder 9, and the central axes of the 45-degree reflecting mirror 16, the CCD camera 19 and the sealing cylinder 9 are collinear; 1/4 the slide 17 and analyzer 18 are positioned between the 45 ° mirror 16 and the CCD camera 19; laser emitted by a laser emitter 15 is emitted to a semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting mirror 12 through a condenser 14 and a polarizer 13, is reflected to a Nomarski polarization beam splitter 11 through the semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting mirror 12, is emitted to a microscope objective lens 10 through the Nomarski polarization beam splitter 11, passes through the microscope objective lens 10 to reach the inner wall of a barrel, and light reflected by the inner wall of the barrel passes through the Nomarski polarization beam splitter 11 and the semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting mirror 12 to 45-degree reflector 16, is reflected by a 45-degree reflector 16, passes through an 1/4 slide 17 and an analyzer 18, and is emitted into a CCD camera 19, and the CCD camera 19 receives and records images.

The external translation mechanism of boring bar 1, exert the effort of translation to boring bar 1, because the spheroid is rotatable and the push force of spiral barrel negative line 101 to member 8, the spheroid, centering part and surface topography detection part will be at barrel 102 internal rotation translation, at the rotation translation in-process, the barrel inner wall, member 8, wedge 4, compression spring 6 and tension spring 8 interact, make wedge 4 remove along centering cylinder 5, member 8 is flexible according to the barrel internal diameter, universal wheel 20 can block all the time in the barrel negative line 101, the adaptation does not use the barrel 102 of internal diameter. The annular abutment serves to limit the movement of the rod 8. The compression spring 6 and the tension spring 8 provide elastic force while reducing vibration generated when the wedge 4 moves. A45-degree reflector 16 is added in a detection light path, and the radial diameter of the mechanism is reduced.

Further, the end face of the annular clamping table facing the rod 8 is provided with a rubber pad 21, so that collision between the rod 8 and the annular clamping table is reduced, and abrasion is reduced.

Furthermore, an extension pipe 22 is fixed in the through hole of the sleeve 3; the rod 8 passes through the extension tube 22. The extension tube 22 provides radial support to the rod 8, preventing the rod 8 from bending.

Further, the sleeve 3 is formed by connecting two cylinder bodies through bolts.

Further, the sleeve 3 and the sealing cylinder 9 are connected by bolts.

Further, a Nomarski polarization beam splitter 11, a semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting mirror 12, a polarizer 13, a condenser 14, a laser emitter 15, a 45-degree reflector 16, an 1/4 slide 17, an analyzer 18 and a CCD camera 19 are all arranged in the sealing cylinder 9 through a fixing frame 23.

Further, the barrel inner wall surface appearance detection mechanism also comprises a connecting screw rod 24; a first nut 25 is provided on the sleeve 3 between the rotating portion and the surface topography detecting portion; the connecting screw 24 penetrates through the sphere, the first end of the connecting screw is in threaded connection with the first nut 25, the second end of the connecting screw is located in the boring bar and is sleeved with the second nut 26, and a gasket 27 is arranged between the second nut 26 and the sphere.

Further, the rods 8 and the microscope objective lenses 10 are four in number.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, or direct or indirect applications in other related fields, which are made by the contents of the present specification, are included in the scope of the present invention.