阅读说明：本技术 一种水力激发伸缩可控式随钻扩眼器 (Hydraulic-excitation telescopic controllable type reamer while drilling ) 是由 唐洋 敬鑫 何胤 姚佳鑫 孙鹏 刘祥 杨鑫 黄顺潇 吴杰 于 2019-09-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种水力激发伸缩可控式随钻扩眼器,主要结构有：双圆柱凸轮锁定机构、刀翼伸缩机构和刀翼冲洗机构。双圆柱凸轮锁定机构主要作用是实现刀翼位置锁定；刀翼伸缩机构主要作用是实现刀翼可靠的伸出和回缩；刀翼冲洗机构的作用是对钻头进行有效冲洗。本发明利用上述机构能根据作业需求,来控制刀翼自由可控的反复伸出与回缩,减少起下钻次数；能实现对刀翼可靠的锁定,防止刀翼在扩眼过程中因为岩层压力波动而伸缩式振动,保证扩眼的稳定性；能实现刀翼可控的回缩,可在扩眼过程中遇阻遇卡时通过回缩快速解卡,有效防止刀翼受损；能利用可伸出式射流喷嘴,喷出高压钻井液冲洗刀翼防止岩屑沉积和泥包形成,提高刀翼扩眼效率。(The invention relates to a controllable hydraulic-excited telescopic reamer while drilling, which mainly comprises the following structures: the device comprises a double-cylinder cam locking mechanism, a blade telescopic mechanism and a blade flushing mechanism. The double-cylinder cam locking mechanism is mainly used for realizing the locking of the position of the blade; the blade telescopic mechanism mainly functions to realize reliable extension and retraction of the blade; the blade flushing mechanism is used for effectively flushing the drill bit. The invention can control the blade to freely and controllably extend and retract repeatedly according to the operation requirement by utilizing the mechanism, thereby reducing the times of tripping the drill; the cutter wing can be reliably locked, telescopic vibration of the cutter wing due to rock stratum pressure fluctuation in the reaming process is prevented, and the stability of reaming is ensured; the controllable retraction of the blade can be realized, and the blade can be quickly released by retraction when encountering blockage in the reaming process, so that the blade is effectively prevented from being damaged; the extendable jet nozzle can be used for ejecting high-pressure drilling fluid to flush the blades to prevent rock debris deposition and mud pocket formation, and the reaming efficiency of the blades is improved.)

1. The utility model provides a flexible controllable formula reamer while drilling of hydraulic excitation, includes top connection (1), urceolus (2) through threaded connection with top connection (1), with urceolus (2) lower extreme through threaded connection's lower clutch (15) and be located the bicylinderical cam locking mechanical system, wing telescopic machanism and the wing of a knife in urceolus (2) and wash mechanism (7), its characterized in that: double cylinder cam locking mechanical system by O type sealing washer I (3), spring I (4), press a section of thick bamboo (5), draw claw cover (6), O type sealing washer II (8), III (14) of O type sealing washer are constituteed: the upper end of a pressing cylinder (5) is limited by a step on an upper connector (1), an O-shaped sealing ring I (3) is arranged between the pressing cylinder (5) and an outer cylinder (2), a spring I (4) is positioned in the outer cylinder (2), two ends of the spring I are respectively connected between the step of the pressing cylinder (5) and the step of the outer cylinder (2), the pressing cylinder (5) is contacted with a claw scratching sleeve (6), an O-shaped sealing ring II (8) is arranged between the claw scratching sleeve (6) and the outer cylinder (2), and an O-shaped sealing ring III (14) is arranged between the claw scratching sleeve (6) and a lower connector (15); the blade telescopic mechanism consists of a connecting rod seat (9), a sliding barrel (10), a connecting rod (11), a blade (12) and a spring II (13): the sliding barrel (10) is in clearance fit with the claw scratching sleeve (6), the spring II (13) is connected between the sliding barrel (10) and the lower connector (15), the connecting rod seat (9) is connected onto the sliding barrel (10) through a bolt, two ends of the connecting rod (11) are respectively connected with the connecting rod seat (9) and the knife wing (12) through bolts, and the knife wing (12) is connected with the outer barrel (2) through a bolt.

2. The hydraulically activated telescoping controllable reamer of claim 1, wherein: the inner wall of the outer barrel (2) is circumferentially provided with three raised clamping jaws (201), the middle of the outer barrel (2) is provided with a flow channel (202), an inclined hole (203) is formed beside the flow channel (202), the middle lower part of the outer barrel (2) is provided with a rectangular through hole (204), the lower part of the rectangular through hole (204) is provided with a bolt through hole (205), and the upper end and the lower end of the outer barrel (2) are respectively provided with two threads.

3. The hydraulically activated telescoping controllable reamer of claim 1, wherein: in the double-cylinder cam locking mechanism, the upper end of a pressing cylinder (5) is provided with a conical runner port (501), the upper part of the pressing cylinder (5) is provided with a step (502), a gourd string cavity (503) is arranged in the pressing cylinder (5), the outer wall of the pressing cylinder (5) is uniformly provided with three grooves (504) in the circumferential direction, the lower end of the pressing cylinder (5) is uniformly provided with three helicoids (505), and three sections (506) are arranged among the helicoids (505); six helicoids (601) are arranged at the upper end of the claw scratching sleeve (6), three sections (602) and three gaps (603) are distributed among the six helicoids (601) in a crossed manner, and a step (604) is arranged at the middle upper part of the claw scratching sleeve (6); the pressing cylinder (5) is provided with grooves (504) which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction and matched with the claws (201) on the outer cylinder (2), and the pressing cylinder (5) and the claw cutting sleeve (6) are in contact connection with the spiral surface (601) through the spiral surface (505).

4. The hydraulically activated telescoping controllable reamer of claim 1, wherein: in the blade telescopic mechanism, a connecting rod seat (9) is provided with a bolt through hole (901), the connecting rod seat (9) is provided with a bolt through hole (902), the connecting rod seat (9) is provided with a bearing inclined plane (903), and a right-angle groove (904) is arranged in the connecting rod seat (9); three threaded holes (1001) are uniformly formed in the periphery of the sliding barrel (10), and an inclined step (1002) is arranged in the middle of the sliding barrel (10); wherein the blade (12) is provided with two rows of teeth, the front row is cutting teeth, and the rear row is gauge teeth; the lower end of the sliding cylinder (10) is connected with a spring II (13) and is pressed tightly at a step (604) of the claw scratching sleeve (6) by the spring II (13); the connecting rod seat (9) is connected with a threaded hole (1001) of the sliding barrel (10) through a screw; one end of the connecting rod (11) is arranged in a right-angle groove (904) of the connecting rod seat (9) and is connected with the connecting rod seat (9) through a bolt, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the blade (12) through a bolt; the blade (12) is installed in a rectangular through hole (204) of the outer cylinder (2) through bolt connection.

5. The hydraulically activated telescoping controllable reamer of claim 1, wherein: the blade flushing mechanism (7) consists of a nozzle (701), a small spring (702) and a nozzle fixing ring (703), wherein: the nozzle (701), the small spring (702) and the nozzle fixing ring (703) are all installed in an inclined hole (203) of the outer cylinder (2), the small spring (702) is sleeved outside the nozzle (701), one section of the small spring is connected to a step of the nozzle (701), the other end of the small spring is connected with the nozzle fixing ring (703), and the nozzle fixing ring (703) is connected with the inclined hole (203) of the outer cylinder (2) through threaded connection and tightly presses the small spring (702).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas exploitation and drilling, in particular to a hydraulic-excitation telescopic controllable type reamer while drilling.

Background

In the process of oil and gas drilling, when a salt-gypsum layer creeps, the stratum extrusion can reduce the diameter of a drilled well hole, so that casing running is difficult or the casing is crushed, even the drill is stuck, and serious drilling accidents are caused. The reaming while drilling technology is an effective means for treating complex conditions such as downhole borehole shrinkage and the like. The reaming while drilling technology is a drilling technology for installing a reaming while drilling tool behind a conventional drill bit to realize comprehensive drilling and simultaneously enlarge a borehole, can increase the annular space of a casing, is beneficial to the running-in of the casing and an expansion pipe so as to increase the thickness of a cement sheath, improve the well cementation quality, avoid a series of problems caused by drill sticking, and can effectively solve the increasingly prominent drilling problem of deep strata.

The prevailing forms of current reamers are ball-throwing reamers and hydraulic reamers. The ball throwing type reamer pushes the piston to move downwards through ball throwing pressure holding so as to achieve the purpose of opening the cutter wings, but the ball throwing type reamer is very complex in structure, high in processing requirement and high in cost, and after the ball throwing type reamer enters a well, the ball throwing type reamer can only return to a well mouth once to be taken out and put into the well again, so that the cost of drilling is greatly increased. The hydraulic reamer adopts a hydraulic piston type structure, pushes a piston to drive a gear rack structure to enable blades to be outwards expanded by increasing the hydraulic pressure of drilling fluid, and utilizes a spring to reset and retract the blades by stopping a pump or reducing the hydraulic pressure, but the blades are subjected to stratum pressure fluctuation in the drilling process, so that the stress of the piston is unstable, and the telescopic vibration of the blades causes the diameter of a formed borehole to fluctuate greatly. In addition, the gear rack structure which is commonly used for extending the blades is easy to clamp rock debris underground, so that the blades cannot extend out and retract normally, the blades can fall seriously, and serious underground accidents are caused. And most reamers do not currently have means for effective flushing of the blades, which can result in debris deposition and mud pockets, resulting in stuck drills. Therefore, the problem of the existing reamer is solved: how to make the blade go down to bore and can carry out many times and repeat to stretch out and retract, how to lock the blade extended position, how to improve the structure of stretching out of blade, how to wash the blade is how these are the problem that awaits a urgent need at present.

In order to solve the above problems, it is desirable to provide a controllable reamer while drilling, which can repeatedly and stably retract and recover blades, can reliably lock blades, can reliably extend and retract blades, and can effectively flush blades. The reamer can realize stable and controllable repeated extension and retraction of the reaming blade, and reduce the tripping times; the reaming cutter blade can be reliably locked, telescopic vibration of the cutter blade caused by rock stratum pressure fluctuation in the reaming process is prevented, and the stability of the cutter blade for cutting rocks is ensured; the controllable retraction of the blade can be realized, and the blade can be quickly released by retraction when encountering blockage in the reaming process, so that the blade is effectively prevented from being damaged; the extendable jet nozzle can be used for jetting high-pressure drilling fluid to flush the blades in real time in the reaming process so as to prevent rock debris deposition and mud pocket formation, thereby improving the efficiency of cutting rocks by the blades.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a hydraulic-excitation telescopic controllable drilling reamer aiming at the problems existing in the use of the existing reamer, so as to solve the problems that the existing reamer has more times of tripping in and tripping out, the reaming process is unstable, the reaming fluctuation is large, the drill is easy to block, and blades cannot be effectively flushed.

The following technical scheme is adopted to solve the technical problems of the invention: a controllable hydraulic-excitation telescopic reamer while drilling mainly comprises an upper joint, a lower joint, an outer cylinder, a lower joint, a double-cylinder cam locking mechanism, a blade telescopic mechanism and a blade flushing mechanism, wherein the double-cylinder cam locking mechanism, the blade telescopic mechanism and the blade flushing mechanism are positioned in the outer cylinder. The upper joint is connected with the outer cylinder through threads; the lower joint is connected with the outer cylinder through threads; the double-cylinder cam locking mechanism is composed of an O-shaped sealing ring I, a spring I, a pressing cylinder, a scratching claw sleeve, an O-shaped sealing ring II and an O-shaped sealing ring III: the upper end of the pressing cylinder is limited by a step on the upper joint, an O-shaped sealing ring I is arranged between the pressing cylinder and the outer cylinder, a spring I is positioned in the outer cylinder, two ends of the spring I are respectively connected between the pressing cylinder and the outer cylinder, the pressing cylinder is contacted with the claw cutting sleeve, an O-shaped sealing ring II is arranged between the claw cutting sleeve and the outer cylinder, and an O-shaped sealing ring III is arranged between the claw cutting sleeve and the lower joint; the blade telescopic mechanism comprises a sliding barrel, a connecting rod seat, a connecting rod, a blade and a spring II, wherein the sliding barrel is connected with a claw-scratching sleeve through clearance fit, the spring II is installed between the lower end of the sliding barrel and a lower joint and is connected with the sliding barrel through a screw, two ends of the connecting rod are respectively connected with the connecting rod seat and the blade through bolts, and the blade is connected with an outer barrel through a bolt.

The outer barrel inner wall circumference distribute have three bellied jack catchs to be used for pressing the circumference location of a section of thick bamboo and draw the circulation locking of claw cover, the urceolus middle part is provided with three runners and sets up three inclined holes and be used for installing the nozzle in succession, urceolus middle and lower part circumference is provided with three rectangle through-holes and is used for installing the wing of a knife to the rectangle through-hole lower part is provided with the bolt through-hole and is used for the bolt of erection joint wing of a knife and urceolus, the upper and lower extreme of urceolus is provided with the screw thread respectively and.

The upper end of a pressing cylinder of the double-cylinder cam locking mechanism is provided with a conical runner port, a throttling pressurization principle is applied, downward pressure on the pressing cylinder is generated by increasing the flow of drilling fluid, the upper part of the pressing cylinder is provided with a step for connecting with a spring I, a gourd string cavity is arranged in the pressing cylinder for assisting pressurization, three grooves are circumferentially arranged on the outer wall of the pressing cylinder, the circumferential rotation of the pressing cylinder is limited by matching with a clamping jaw on the inner wall of an outer cylinder, the lower end of the pressing cylinder is provided with three spiral surfaces, and three sections are arranged between the three spiral surfaces to form a cylinder cam structure; the upper end of the claw scratching sleeve is provided with six spiral surfaces, three sections and three gaps are distributed among the six spiral surfaces in a crossed manner, a cylindrical cam structure is formed and is used for being matched with a cylindrical cam structure at the lower part of the pressing cylinder to play a locking role, three grooves which are distributed on the pressing cylinder in the circumferential direction are used for being matched with claws on the outer cylinder, and the spiral surfaces on the pressing cylinder are in contact connection with the spiral surfaces on the claw scratching sleeve.

In the blade telescopic mechanism, a bolt through hole is formed in a connecting rod seat, the connecting rod seat is provided with the bolt through hole for being connected with a connecting rod, a bearing inclined plane is arranged on the connecting rod seat and used for bearing the force on the blade during reaming, and a right-angle groove is formed in the connecting rod seat and used as a connecting rod mounting position; three rows of threaded holes are formed in the periphery of the sliding barrel in the circumferential direction and are used for being connected with the connecting rod seat, and an inclined step is arranged in the middle of the sliding barrel and is used for extruding the blade when the blade begins to extend out; the blade is provided with two rows of teeth, the front row is cutting teeth, and the rear row is gauge teeth. The upper end of the sliding cylinder is connected with the step of the claw scratching sleeve, and the lower end of the sliding cylinder is connected with the spring II; the connecting rod seat is connected to the threaded hole of the sliding barrel through a bolt; one end of the connecting rod is connected with a right-angle groove on the connecting rod seat through a bolt, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the blade through a bolt; the blade is connected to the rectangular through hole of the outer barrel through a bolt.

The blade flushing mechanism consists of a nozzle, a small spring and a nozzle fixing ring, wherein the nozzle, the small spring and the nozzle fixing ring are all located in an inclined hole of the outer barrel, the small spring is installed between the nozzle and the nozzle fixing ring, and the nozzle fixing ring is connected with the inclined hole of the outer barrel through threaded connection.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1) the invention can realize stable and controllable repeated extension and retraction of the reaming blade, reduce the times of tripping and avoid other adverse factors caused by multiple tripping; 2) the invention can realize reliable locking of the blade, and prevent the blade from telescopic vibration due to rock stratum pressure fluctuation in the reaming process, thereby ensuring the stability of the blade for cutting rocks; 3) the invention can realize the controllable retraction of the blade, and can retract and release the blade when the blade is blocked, thereby effectively preventing the blade from being blocked and even broken; 4) the extensible jet nozzle is arranged, drilling fluid can be sprayed to the blades more closely, and the blades are cleaned more effectively, so that mud pockets are prevented from being formed and rock debris is prevented from being deposited, and the rock cutting efficiency of the blades is improved effectively.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an external view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a comparison of the retraction and extension of the blade of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the outer barrel of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the pressing cylinder of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the claw sleeve of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the blade flushing mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a connecting rod seat according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a slide cartridge according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the structural cooperation of the pressing cylinder, the claw-cutting sleeve and the claw on the outer cylinder in the double-cylinder cam locking mechanism during the extension of the blade of the present invention.

In the figure, 1-an upper joint, 2-an outer cylinder, 3-O type sealing rings I, 4-a spring I, 5-a pressing cylinder, 6-a claw sleeve, 7-a blade flushing mechanism, 8-O type sealing rings II, 9-a connecting rod seat, 10-a sliding cylinder, 11-a connecting rod, 12-a blade, 13-a spring II, 14-O type sealing rings III, 15-a lower joint, 201-a claw, 202-a flow passage, 203-an inclined hole, 204-a rectangular through hole, 205-a bolt through hole, 501-a tapered runner port, 502-a step, 503-a gourd string cavity, 504-a groove, 505-a spiral surface, 506-a section, 601-a spiral surface, 602-a section, 603-a notch, 604-a step, 701-a nozzle, 702-small spring, 703-nozzle fixing ring, 901-bolt through hole, 902-bolt through hole, 903-bearing inclined plane, 904-right-angle groove, 1001-threaded hole and 1002-inclined step.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, without limiting the scope of the invention to the following description:

as shown in figures 1-9, the controllable hydraulic-excitation telescopic reamer while drilling mainly comprises an upper joint 1, an outer cylinder 2 in threaded connection with the upper joint 1, a lower joint 15 in threaded connection with the lower end of the outer cylinder 2, and a double-cylinder cam locking mechanism, a blade telescopic mechanism and a blade flushing mechanism 7 which are positioned in the outer cylinder 2. Wherein two cylinder cam locking mechanical system by O type sealing washer I3, spring I4, press a section of thick bamboo 5, draw claw cover 6, O type sealing washer II 8, III 14 constitutions of O type sealing washer: the upper end of a pressing cylinder 5 is limited by a step on an upper connector 1, an O-shaped sealing ring I3 is arranged between the pressing cylinder 5 and an outer cylinder 2, a spring I4 is positioned in the outer cylinder 2, two ends of the spring I4 are respectively connected between the pressing cylinder 5 and the outer cylinder 2, the pressing cylinder 5 is contacted with a claw cutting sleeve 6, an O-shaped sealing ring II 8 is arranged between the claw cutting sleeve 6 and the outer cylinder 2, and an O-shaped sealing ring III 14 is arranged between the claw cutting sleeve 6 and a lower connector 15; the blade telescopic mechanism comprises a connecting rod seat 9, a sliding barrel 10, a connecting rod 11, a blade 12 and a spring II 13: the sliding barrel 10 is in clearance fit with the claw scratching sleeve 6, the spring II 13 is connected between the sliding barrel 10 and the lower joint 15, the connecting rod seat 9 is connected to the sliding barrel 10 through a bolt, two ends of the connecting rod 11 are respectively connected with the connecting rod seat 9 and the knife wing 12 through bolts, and the knife wing 12 is connected with the outer barrel 2 through a bolt; the blade flushing mechanism 7 is installed in three inclined holes in the middle of the outer cylinder 2, and the blade flushing mechanism 7 is composed of a nozzle 701, a small spring 702 and a nozzle fixing ring 703, wherein: the nozzle 701, the small spring 702 and the nozzle fixing ring 703 are located in the inclined hole 203 of the outer cylinder 2, the small spring 702 is installed between the nozzle 701 and the nozzle fixing ring 703, and the nozzle fixing ring 703 is connected with the inclined hole 203 of the outer cylinder 2 by a threaded connection.

The working process of the invention is as follows:

initial state: as shown in the left diagram of fig. 2, the pressing cylinder 5 is at the uppermost position under the action of the spring i 4, the claw 201 of the outer cylinder 2 is clamped in the notch 603 of the claw-cutting sleeve 6, and the blade 12 is at the closed state.

The working state I is as follows: as shown in fig. 5, the flow rate of the drilling fluid is increased, when the drilling fluid passes through the conical flow passage opening 501 and the gourd string cavity 503 of the pressing cylinder 5, the drilling fluid generates a large pressure on the pressing cylinder 5 due to the flow passage change, the pressing cylinder 5 pushes the claw sleeve 6 to move downwards, the claw 201 leaves the notch 603 on the claw sleeve 6 when the pressing cylinder 5 is at the lowest end of the stroke, the claw sleeve 6 rotates due to the matching of the spiral surface 505 of the pressing cylinder 5 and the spiral surface 601 of the claw sleeve 6, and the slide cylinder 10 is driven to move downwards while the claw sleeve 6 moves downwards, so that the inclined step 1002 on the slide cylinder 10 extrudes the blade 12 to extend the blade 12, and the notch 603 of the claw sleeve 6 turns to the flow passage 202 as the claw sleeve 6 moves downwards, the high-pressure drilling fluid pushes out the nozzle 701 in the blade flushing mechanism 7 and starts to spray high-pressure drilling fluid to the blade for flushing the blade to prevent the formation of mud and the deposition of rock debris, the flow of drilling fluid is reduced after a certain time, so that the pressure on the pressing barrel 5 is reduced, the pressing barrel 5 and the claw scratching sleeve 6 begin to rebound under the action of the spring I4 and the spring II 13, at the moment, the spiral surface 601 of the claw scratching sleeve 6 is contacted with the inclined surface on the claw 201 and rotates, the claw 201 is clamped at the section 602 of the claw scratching sleeve 6, the locking function of the blade 12 is realized, at the moment, the blade 12 extends out, normal reaming work is started, the upper surface of the blade 12 is contacted with the bearing inclined surface 903 on the connecting rod seat 9 during rock breaking, and the blade is extruded, so that the direct stress fracture of the connecting rod 11 is avoided.

And a second working state: similar to the previous working process, the flow of the drilling fluid is increased, when the drilling fluid passes through the conical runner port 501 and the gourd string cavity 503 of the pressing cylinder 5, the drilling fluid generates a large pressure on the pressing cylinder 5 due to the change of the runner, the pressing cylinder 5 pushes the claw cutting sleeve 6 to move downwards, when the pressing cylinder 5 is at the lowest end of the stroke, the claw 201 leaves a cross section 602 on the claw cutting sleeve 6, the claw cutting sleeve 6 rotates due to the matching of the spiral surface 505 of the pressing cylinder 5 and the spiral surface 601 of the claw cutting sleeve 6, the flow of the drilling fluid is reduced after a certain time, the pressure of the pressing cylinder 5 is reduced, the pressing cylinder 5 and the claw cutting sleeve 6 start rebounding under the action of the spring I4 and the spring II 13, at the moment, the spiral surface 601 of the claw cutting sleeve 6 is in contact with the claw 201 and rotates, the claw 201 is clamped at the notch 603 of the claw cutting sleeve 6, the claw cutting sleeve 6 and the sliding cylinder 10 continue to move upwards under the action of the spring II 13, and the connecting rod drives, meanwhile, the notch 603 of the claw-scratching sleeve 6 is rotated away from the runner 202, the nozzle 701 in the blade flushing mechanism 7 is retracted under the action of the small spring 702 and stops spraying drilling fluid, and the reaming operation is stopped.

And repeating the two steps when the reaming operation is needed again.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and it is intended to cover in the claims the invention as defined in the appended claims.