Triboelectric float flow sensing device and flow detection equipment
阅读说明:本技术 摩擦电式浮子流量传感装置及流量检测设备 (Triboelectric float flow sensing device and flow detection equipment ) 是由 王铮 程廷海 其他发明人请求不公开姓名 于 2019-09-17 设计创作,主要内容包括:本发明公开了一种摩擦电式浮子流量传感装置及流量检测设备。该摩擦电式浮子流量传感装置包括:机体,内部具备容纳空间,机体在第一方向上的第一端设置有流体入口、第二端设置有流体出口;及浮子结构,设置于容纳空间内,能够在流体流经容纳空间时沿第一方向移动并在某一位置保持平衡;其中,容纳空间的侧壁设置有第一摩擦发电副,浮子结构的对应第一摩擦发电副的侧壁设置有第二摩擦发电副,当浮子结构移动时第一摩擦发电副与第二摩擦发电副相互摩擦而发电,且电压随浮子结构位置的变化而变化。本发明的摩擦电式浮子流量传感装置,通过检测摩擦发电产生的电压可得知流体的流量,装置结构简单、功耗小、成本低,且可实现自驱动。(The invention discloses a triboelectric float flow sensing device and flow detection equipment. The triboelectric float flow sensing device includes: the device comprises a machine body, a first end of the machine body in a first direction is provided with a fluid inlet, and a second end of the machine body in the first direction is provided with a fluid outlet; the floater structure is arranged in the accommodating space, can move along a first direction when fluid flows through the accommodating space and keeps balance at a certain position; the side wall of the accommodating space is provided with a first friction power generation pair, the side wall of the floater structure, corresponding to the first friction power generation pair, is provided with a second friction power generation pair, when the floater structure moves, the first friction power generation pair and the second friction power generation pair rub against each other to generate power, and the voltage changes along with the change of the position of the floater structure. The triboelectric float flow sensing device can obtain the flow of fluid by detecting the voltage generated by the triboelectric generation, has simple structure, low power consumption and low cost, and can realize self-driving.)
1. A triboelectric float flow sensing device, comprising:
the fluid storage device comprises a machine body, a first end and a second end, wherein the machine body is internally provided with an accommodating space, and the first end of the machine body in the first direction is provided with a fluid inlet and the second end of the machine body is provided with a fluid outlet; and
a float structure disposed in the accommodating space, capable of moving in a first direction and maintaining balance at a certain position when a fluid flows through the accommodating space;
when the floater structure moves, the first friction power generation pair and the second friction power generation pair rub against each other to generate power, and the voltage changes along with the change of the position of the floater structure.
2. The triboelectric float flow sensor device of claim 1, wherein the float structure comprises a friction pair fixing part and a float body arranged in sequence, and the second friction power generation pair is arranged at the friction pair fixing part.
3. The triboelectric float flow sensing device of claim 2, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the float body along the first direction is an isosceles trapezoid.
4. The triboelectric float flow sensor device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the friction pair fixing part in the first direction is rectangular, and the second friction power generation pair is provided to a side wall of the friction pair fixing part.
5. The triboelectric float flow sensing device of claim 2, wherein the float body is disposed coaxially with the friction pair securing portion.
6. The triboelectric float flow sensor according to claim 1, wherein the first triboelectric pair has a triangular projection on the side wall of the receiving space, one side of the triangle is perpendicular to the first direction, and the second triboelectric pair has a length greater than or equal to the length of the other two sides of the triangle which share the same projection in the first direction.
7. The triboelectric float flow sensing device of claim 1, wherein a rod-like structure is disposed in the receiving space in a first direction, the float structure being disposed in the receiving space by the rod-like structure, the float structure being capable of moving over the rod-like structure and remaining balanced in a position when fluid flows through the receiving space.
8. A triboelectric float flow sensing device according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the cross-sectional shape of at least part of the inner wall of the receiving space in the first direction matches the cross-sectional shape of the float body in the first direction.
9. The triboelectric float flow sensing device of claim 1, wherein the material of the first triboelectric power generation pair is electropositive and the material of the second triboelectric power generation pair is electronegative.
10. A flow rate detecting apparatus comprising a triboelectric float flow sensing device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flow detection, in particular to a triboelectric type floater flow sensing device and flow detection equipment.
Background
Flow monitoring plays an important role in applications such as automatic control, medical health, energy measurement, flow safety, early warning of pipeline leakage and the like. In the field of flow measurement, float flow sensors are widely used because of their simple measurement principle and relatively sophisticated technology. However, most of the traditional float flowmeters are of pure mechanical type, and have the problems of complex structure, mechanical abrasion, mechanical hysteresis and the like; pure electronic and electromechanical hybrid float flowmeters have been widely used in recent years due to their advantages of relatively high measurement accuracy and relatively low wear, but they require complicated control circuits and programs, and have high power consumption, high cost and difficult maintenance, which severely limits the development of flowmeters.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a triboelectric type floater flow sensing device and flow detection equipment, which have the advantages of simple structure, low power consumption, low cost and self-driven sensing.
On one hand, the embodiment of the invention provides a triboelectric float flow sensing device, which comprises: the device comprises a machine body, a first end of the machine body in a first direction is provided with a fluid inlet, and a second end of the machine body in the first direction is provided with a fluid outlet; the floater structure is arranged in the accommodating space, can move along a first direction when fluid flows through the accommodating space and keeps balance at a certain position; the side wall of the accommodating space is provided with a first friction power generation pair, the side wall of the floater structure, corresponding to the first friction power generation pair, is provided with a second friction power generation pair, when the floater structure moves, the first friction power generation pair and the second friction power generation pair rub against each other to generate power, and the voltage changes along with the change of the position of the floater structure.
According to an aspect of the embodiment of the invention, the float structure comprises a friction pair fixing part and a float body which are arranged in sequence, and the second friction power generation pair is arranged on the friction pair fixing part.
According to an aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, a cross-sectional shape of the float body in the first direction is an isosceles trapezoid.
According to an aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the friction pair fixing portion has a rectangular cross-sectional shape in the first direction, and the second friction power generation pair is provided on a side wall of the friction pair fixing portion.
According to an aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the float body is provided coaxially with the friction pair fixing portion.
According to an aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the projection shape of the first friction power generation pair on the side wall of the accommodating space is a triangle, one side of the triangle is perpendicular to the first direction, and the length of the second friction power generation pair is greater than or equal to the length of the projection of the other two sides of the triangle in the first direction.
According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a rod-like structure is disposed in the accommodating space in the first direction, and a float structure is disposed in the accommodating space through the rod-like structure, the float structure being capable of moving on the rod-like structure and maintaining balance at a certain position when a fluid flows through the accommodating space.
According to an aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, a sectional shape of at least a part of the inner wall of the accommodation space in the first direction matches a sectional shape of the float body in the first direction.
According to one aspect of the embodiment of the invention, the material of the first friction power generation pair is a material having electronegativity, and the material of the second friction power generation pair is a material having electropositivity.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a flow rate detecting apparatus including a triboelectric float flow rate sensing device as described above.
According to the triboelectric type float flow sensing device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the float structure moves in the accommodating space under the impact of fluid and keeps balance at a certain position, the first friction power generation pair and the second friction power generation pair rub with each other to generate power when the float structure moves, the voltage changes along with the change of the position of the float structure, the flow of the fluid flowing through the accommodating space is different, the positions where the float structure reaches balance are different, the voltage generated by friction power generation is also different, and therefore, the flow of the fluid can be known by detecting the voltage generated by friction power generation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a triboelectric float flow rate sensing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a float structure of a triboelectric float flow rate sensing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a float structure of the triboelectric float flow rate sensing device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a base assembly of a triboelectric float flow sensing device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of an end cap of a triboelectric float flow sensing device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a body of a triboelectric float flow rate sensing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a holder of the triboelectric float flow sensor device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a plug board of the triboelectric float flow sensing device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a force analysis diagram of a float structure of the triboelectric float flow rate sensing device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of structural parameters of a float structure of a triboelectric float flow sensing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a parameter diagram corresponding to section 2-2 in FIG. 10.
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural parameter diagram of a first friction power generation pair of the triboelectric float flow rate sensing device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
In the drawings:
1-machine body, 2-floater structure, 3-rod structure, 4-base component and 5-end cover;
11-a first friction power generation pair, 12-a plugboard, 13-a bracket, 14-an overhanging edge and 15-a groove structure;
21-a second friction power generation pair, 22-a friction pair fixing part and 23-a floater body;
41-base body, 42-convex frame, 43-supporting seat and 44-pipe joint;
51-boss.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following detailed description of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings are provided to illustrate the principles of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, i.e., the invention is not limited to the described embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the terms "first" and "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; "plurality" means two or more; the terms "inner", "outer", "top", "bottom", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a triboelectric float flow sensing device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the
The triboelectric float flow sensing device of the embodiment adopts a single-electrode power generation mode, the first
It will be appreciated that, in use, the flow sensing device is installed in a fluid conduit, optionally such that the first direction is parallel to the vertical direction, fluid flows through the receiving space from bottom to top, a portion of the fluid is intercepted by the
For a given present triboelectric float flow sensing device, the size and shape of the
Referring to fig. 3, as an alternative embodiment, the
The
As an alternative embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the
In the present embodiment, optionally, the cross-sectional shape of the
When the
As an alternative embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the friction
The friction
Alternatively, the friction
As an alternative embodiment, the
As an alternative embodiment, the projection shape of the first friction
The projection shape of the first friction
Alternatively, the first friction
It is understood that the shape of the first friction
As an alternative embodiment, a rod-
The
Alternatively, the
As an alternative embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of at least part of the inner wall of the accommodation space in the first direction matches the cross-sectional shape of the
In this embodiment, along the first direction, the trend of the contour shape of the inner wall of the accommodating space is the same as the trend of the shape of the
It is understood that the
Alternatively, the cross-sectional shape of the
It should be noted that, the first friction
As an alternative embodiment, the material of the first friction
The material of the first friction
As an alternative embodiment, the triboelectric float flow rate sensing device of the present embodiment further includes: a
Referring to fig. 4, the
Referring to fig. 6, 7 and 8, as an alternative embodiment, the
Regarding the corresponding relationship between the position of the
first, the flow measurement principle of the triboelectric float flow sensing device of the present embodiment was qualitatively analyzed: a simple analysis of the force applied to the floating
Further, the flow measurement principle is illustrated by the derivation of the flow equation:
the principle of flow measurement is directly deduced by using a Bernoulli equilibrium equation, and with reference to FIG. 10, a
in the formula, P1Is the pressure at the 1-1 cross section, P2Is the pressure at the 2-2 cross section, v1Is the flow velocity at 1-1 section, v2Is the flow velocity at 2-2 cross-sections, h1Is the height of the 1-1 section, h2Is the height of the section of 2-2, rho is the density of the fluid, and the phase shift is obtained by arranging:
as can be seen from equation (2), the pressure difference of the fluid at the upper and lower ends of the
For equation (2), the equal sign is multiplied by both sides simultaneously
Obtaining:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is the average cross-sectional area of the
in the formula, ρfDensity, V, of the
arranged at the 1-1 section and the 2-2 section, the flow areas of the fluid are respectively A1、A2When the flow rate is constant, two sections are assumedIn the case of negligible change in fluid density, according to the continuity equation A1v1=A2v2Comprises the following steps:
substituting equation (6) into equation (5) and collating:
in order to correct the error caused by the pressure loss of the actual fluid, a flow coefficient xi is introduced to correct the pressure loss sum
The term is considered to be within a flow coefficient xi, the instantaneous flow qvCan be expressed as:
in the formula, xi is a flow coefficient which can be obtained according to the experimental actual measurement effect, qvThe instantaneous flow rate q is the instantaneous flow rate of the fluid flowing through the flow area, A is the flow area of the fluid, and the instantaneous flow rate q is obtained from equation (8)vProportional to the flow area a through which the fluid flows.
With reference to fig. 11, the flow area a is determined by the dimensions of the
A=ab-a2 (9)
in the formula, b is the side length of the rectangular section of the accommodating space corresponding to the position of the
If the cone angle of the inner wall of the receiving space is β, then there is:
b=a+2htanβ (10)
substituting equation (10) into equation (9) and arranging it to obtain:
A=a(b-a)=2ahtanβ (11)
substituting equation (11) into equation (8), the instantaneous flow qvCan be expressed as:
as can be seen from equation (12), the instantaneous flow rate qvProportional to the height h.
Referring to fig. 12, the total amount q (h) of electric charge transferred and the electric charge density σ in the first friction electric
in equation (13), Q (h) is the total amount of transferred charge, σ0H is the rising height of the
where t is time, substituting equation (13) into equation (14), the short circuit current can be expressed as:
where V is the moving speed, and further, according to the theory of the single-electrode power generation mode, the open-circuit voltage V between the electrode and the groundOCIn relation to the amount of transferred charge q (h), that is:
VOC(h)=kqQ(h) (16)
in the formula, kqIs a correlation factor, VOCWhen equation (13) is substituted into equation (16) for the open circuit voltage, the open circuit voltage VOCCan be expressed as:
as can be seen from equations (15) and (17), the short-circuit current ISCAnd an open circuit voltage VOCAre linear functions of the velocity v and the displacement h, respectively, so that electrodes having the shape of an isosceles triangle can be passed by the short-circuit current I, respectivelySCAnd an open circuit voltage VOCTo detect the velocity v and the displacement h.
By combining equation (12) and equation (17), the instantaneous flow rate q isvCan be expressed as:
for a given triboelectric float flow sensing device of this embodiment, all parameters in equation (18) are determined. Therefore, equation (18) can be further simplified to:
qv=K1VOC(h)+K2 (19)
in the formula, K1、K2Are all constants, as can be seen from equation (19), the output voltage will follow the instantaneous flow qvLinearly changing.
Therefore, with the triboelectric float flow rate sensing device of the present embodiment, the instantaneous flow rate q can be obtained by detecting the output voltagevThe change condition of the flow can be fed back in real time through the voltage signal.
Hereinafter, a flow rate detection device is provided, which includes the triboelectric float flow rate sensing device of the above embodiment, and a voltage detection device, and the first triboelectric
The flow rate detection device of the embodiment can feed back the change condition of the fluid flow rate in real time after being connected into the fluid passage, has simple structure, low power consumption and low cost, can realize self-driving, has excellent durability and machinability, can be easily integrated into the design of other products, and is convenient for large-scale production and application.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only illustrative of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.
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