阅读说明：本技术 一种餐厨垃圾粉碎分类回收装置及回收工艺 (Kitchen waste crushing, classifying and recycling device and recycling process ) 是由 李伟 曹诚杰 洪彩明 朱彩芬 于 2021-07-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及垃圾粉碎装置技术领域,具体涉及一种餐厨垃圾粉碎分类回收装置及回收工艺。一种餐厨垃圾粉碎分类回收装置包括研磨组件,破碎组件包括破碎环、转轴、多个研磨板、弹性伸缩杆和多个刀板。本发明的一种餐厨垃圾粉碎分类回收装置在正常工作时,随着物料的不断投入,刀板受到的阻力增加,当阻力增加到足以克服弹性伸缩杆对第一铰接轴的拉力时,第二铰接轴开始向内移动,进而使得第一铰接轴向外移动,研磨腔变大,能容纳的物料量增多,同时过滤筛网与物料接触的面积增大,排料速度也会加快,有效地防止物料溢出。(The invention relates to the technical field of garbage crushing devices, in particular to a kitchen garbage crushing, classifying and recycling device and a kitchen garbage crushing, classifying and recycling process. The utility model provides a categorised recovery unit is smashed to kitchen garbage includes grinding assembly, and crushing assembly includes broken ring, pivot, a plurality of abrasive disc, elasticity telescopic link and a plurality of cutting board. When the kitchen waste crushing, classifying and recycling device works normally, the resistance of the cutter plate is increased along with the continuous input of materials, when the resistance is increased enough to overcome the pulling force of the elastic telescopic rod on the first hinged shaft, the second hinged shaft starts to move inwards, so that the first hinged shaft moves outwards, the grinding cavity is enlarged, the amount of materials contained can be increased, meanwhile, the contact area of the filter screen and the materials is increased, the discharging speed is accelerated, and the materials are effectively prevented from overflowing.)

1. The utility model provides a categorised recovery unit is smashed to kitchen garbage which characterized in that: the grinding device comprises a grinding assembly, wherein the grinding assembly comprises a grinding ring, a rotating shaft, a plurality of grinding plates, an elastic telescopic rod and a plurality of cutter plates; a plurality of crushing convex columns are arranged on the inner peripheral wall of the crushing ring; the rotating shaft and the crushing ring are coaxially arranged and rotate; the grinding plates are positioned on the inner side of the crushing ring, the grinding plates are hinged end to form an annular structure, hinge rods among the grinding plates are respectively a first hinge shaft and a second hinge shaft which are alternately arranged, the distance from the first hinge shaft to the rotating shaft is larger than the distance from the second hinge shaft to the rotating shaft in an initial state, and a grinding cavity is formed between each grinding plate and the crushing ring; one end of the elastic telescopic rod is connected with the rotating shaft, and the other end of the elastic telescopic rod is connected with a first articulated shaft which is arranged in a telescopic manner along the radial direction of the crushing ring; the front end is articulated to be provided with the mounting bracket in the outside of the one end of the grinding plate of first articulated shaft that is close to the second articulated shaft, and the cutting board is installed in the mounting bracket, and is helical structure, and the configuration is to push away the material that is in the lateral surface of cutting board upwards crowded, pushes away the material that is in the medial surface of cutting board downwards crowded.

2. The kitchen waste crushing, classifying and recycling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer side wall of the grinding plate is provided with a plurality of grinding convex columns.

3. The kitchen waste crushing, classifying and recycling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the grinding assembly further includes a filter screen mounted to the lower end of the crushing ring.

4. The kitchen waste crushing, classifying and recycling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: still include protective housing and guide table, the lower extreme of protective housing is connected in broken ring, and the upper end is provided with the feed inlet, and the guide table is installed in the inside of protective housing, and it is the toper structure, and conical pointed end up, the lower extreme extends to the top of abrasive sheet, and the guide table lower extreme does not exceed the minimum distance of first articulated shaft to broken ring to the distance between the broken ring, and the guide table is connected with the protective housing through a plurality of connecting plates.

5. The kitchen waste crushing, classifying and recycling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the grinding plate group is characterized by also comprising a plurality of observation ports and pulling mechanisms, wherein the observation ports are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the lower end of the protective shell so as to observe the shape of the grinding plate group; the pulling mechanism is configured to pull the first hinge shaft and the second hinge shaft outward.

6. The kitchen waste crushing, classifying and recycling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the crushing device also comprises a collecting box and a motor, wherein the collecting box is arranged below the filtering screen, and the crushing ring is arranged on the collecting box; a motor bin is arranged in the collecting box, a motor is arranged in the motor bin, and the motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate.

7. The kitchen waste crushing, classifying and recycling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the peripheral wall of the rotating shaft is fixedly sleeved with a fixing ring, the peripheral wall of the fixing ring is provided with a plurality of first connecting lugs, and the inner end of the elastic telescopic rod is connected to the first connecting lugs through a connector; the first articulated shaft is provided with a second engaging lug, and the outer end of the elastic telescopic rod is connected with the second engaging lug through a connector.

8. A kitchen waste crushing, classifying and recycling process, which utilizes the kitchen waste crushing, classifying and recycling device of any one of claims 1 to 7, and is characterized in that:

firstly, manually pulling each first hinged shaft and each second hinged shaft outwards through a pulling mechanism to enable the distances from each first hinged shaft and each second hinged shaft to the crushing ring to be the same;

then materials are poured from the feeding hole and enter the grinding cavity under the guidance of the guide table, when a proper amount of materials are accumulated in the crushing cavity, the motor is started to drive the rotating shaft to rotate around the axis of the motor, so that the grinding plates rotate around the rotating shaft anticlockwise, and the external force applied manually is removed after the grinding plates rotate;

when the grinding plate is changed into a star shape, the motor is turned off, and materials between the grinding plate and the crushing ring are cleaned;

recycling and composting the materials entering the collecting box; and (4) performing landfill treatment on the materials cleaned by the grinding plate and the crushing ring.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of garbage crushing devices, in particular to a kitchen garbage crushing, classifying and recycling device and a kitchen garbage crushing, classifying and recycling process.

Background

The materials in daily life comprise abandoned vegetable leaves, leftovers, fruit peels, egg shells, tea leaves and the like, contain extremely high moisture and organic matters, are easy to decay and generate stink, but can be converted into new resources through proper treatment and processing, the characteristics of high organic matter content enable the materials to be used as fertilizer and feed after strict treatment, can also generate methane to be used as fuel or generate electricity, and the grease part can be used for preparing biofuel. In order to improve the utilization efficiency of the materials, large garbage needs to be crushed, and the crushed garbage can be reused as new resources.

Because the broken cavity volume of breaker is certain, and the material is for artifical the material of throwing, and the volume of throwing has the unevenness, at broken in-process, can take place the material and spill over the scheduling problem, brings the inconvenience for the operation of device.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a kitchen waste crushing, classifying and recycling device and a recycling process, which aim to solve the problem that the existing materials overflow due to uneven feeding.

The kitchen waste crushing, classifying and recycling device adopts the following technical scheme:

a kitchen waste crushing, classifying and recycling device comprises a grinding assembly, wherein the grinding assembly comprises a crushing ring, a rotating shaft, a plurality of grinding plates, an elastic telescopic rod and a plurality of cutting plates; a plurality of crushing convex columns are arranged on the inner peripheral wall of the crushing ring; the rotating shaft and the crushing ring are coaxially arranged and rotate; the grinding plates are positioned on the inner side of the crushing ring, the grinding plates are hinged end to form an annular structure, hinge rods among the grinding plates are respectively a first hinge shaft and a second hinge shaft which are alternately arranged, the distance from the first hinge shaft to the rotating shaft is larger than the distance from the second hinge shaft to the rotating shaft in an initial state, and a grinding cavity is formed between each grinding plate and the crushing ring; one end of the elastic telescopic rod is connected with the rotating shaft, and the other end of the elastic telescopic rod is connected with a first articulated shaft which is arranged in a telescopic manner along the radial direction of the crushing ring; the front end is articulated to be provided with the mounting bracket in the outside of the one end of the grinding plate of first articulated shaft that is close to the second articulated shaft, and the cutting board is installed in the mounting bracket, and is helical structure, and the configuration is to push away the material that is in the lateral surface of cutting board upwards crowded, pushes away the material that is in the medial surface of cutting board downwards crowded.

Furthermore, a plurality of grinding convex columns are arranged on the outer side wall of the grinding plate.

Further, the grinding assembly further comprises a filter screen mounted to the lower end of the crushing ring.

Further, categorised recovery unit is smashed to kitchen garbage still includes protective housing and guide table, and the lower extreme of protective housing is connected in broken ring, and the upper end is provided with the feed inlet, and the guide table is installed in the inside of protective housing, and it is the toper structure, and conical most advanced up, the lower extreme extends to the top of grinding plate, and the guide table lower extreme is no longer than first articulated shaft to the minimum distance of broken ring to the distance between the broken ring, and the guide table is connected with the protective housing through a plurality of connecting plates.

Furthermore, the kitchen waste crushing, classifying and recycling device further comprises a plurality of observation ports and a pulling mechanism, wherein the observation ports are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the lower end of the protective shell so as to observe the shape of the grinding plate group; the pulling mechanism is configured to pull the first hinge shaft and the second hinge shaft outward.

Further, the kitchen waste crushing, classifying and recycling device further comprises a collecting box and a motor, wherein the collecting box is arranged below the filtering screen, and the crushing ring is arranged on the collecting box; a motor bin is arranged in the collecting box, a motor is arranged in the motor bin, and the motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate.

Furthermore, a fixing ring is fixedly sleeved on the peripheral wall of the rotating shaft, a plurality of first connecting lugs are arranged on the peripheral wall of the fixing ring, and the inner end of the elastic telescopic rod is connected to the first connecting lugs through a connector; the first articulated shaft is provided with a second engaging lug, and the outer end of the elastic telescopic rod is connected with the second engaging lug through a connector.

A kitchen waste crushing, classifying and recycling process comprises the following steps: firstly, manually pulling each first hinged shaft and each second hinged shaft outwards through a pulling mechanism to enable the distances from each first hinged shaft and each second hinged shaft to the crushing ring to be the same; then materials are poured from the feeding hole and enter the grinding cavity under the guidance of the guide table, when a proper amount of materials are accumulated in the crushing cavity, the motor is started to drive the rotating shaft to rotate around the axis of the motor, so that the grinding plates rotate around the rotating shaft anticlockwise, and the external force applied manually is removed after the grinding plates rotate; when the grinding plate is changed into a star shape, the motor is turned off, and materials between the grinding plate and the crushing ring are cleaned; recycling and composting the materials entering the collecting box; and (4) performing landfill treatment on the materials cleaned by the grinding plate and the crushing ring.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the kitchen waste crushing, classifying and recycling device, due to the fact that the grinding plates and the cutter plates are arranged, when the kitchen waste crushing, classifying and recycling device works normally, the lower side of the rear end of the cutter plate is located on the outer side of the upper side of the rear end, the outer side face of the cutter plate pushes materials to move upwards in the rotating process, the material grinding frequency is increased, and the materials are ground more fully. Along with the continuous input of material for the resistance that the cutting board received increases, increases to when being enough to overcome the pulling force of elastic expansion rod to first articulated shaft when the resistance, and the second articulated shaft begins the inside movement, and then makes first articulated shaft outwards remove, at this in-process, grinds the chamber grow, and the material volume that can hold increases, and the area increase of filter screen and material contact simultaneously, row material speed also can accelerate, prevents effectively that the material from spilling over.

If the material continues to increase, the second articulated shaft inwards moves to make two grinding plate parallel and level that link to each other with it under the extrusion of material, first articulated shaft is the shortest to broken ring's distance this moment, clearance grow between cutting board and the broken ring, the particle diameter grow that the permission material can pass through, and first articulated shaft also can participate in the breakage, the crushing pressure of cutting board has been alleviated, the volume that grinds the chamber simultaneously also grows, the area increase of filter screen and material contact, accelerate the discharge efficiency of the material after the grinding.

When the material volume further increased, a plurality of abrasive plates become the star state of indent by the hexagon, and the material propelling movement face of cutting board becomes the medial surface by the lateral surface, and the cutting board is downwards by upwards becoming to the direction of delivery of material, accelerates the discharge of material, effectively prevents spilling over of material.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a recycling process of the kitchen waste crushing, classifying and recycling device of the invention;

FIG. 2 is an explosion diagram of an embodiment of the kitchen waste crushing, classifying and recycling device of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the kitchen waste crushing, classifying and recycling device of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a grinding assembly of an embodiment of the kitchen waste crushing, classifying and recycling device according to the invention;

FIG. 5 is a top view of an initial state of a grinding assembly of an embodiment of the kitchen waste crushing, classifying and recycling device according to the invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a state that a rotating shaft starts to rotate in an embodiment of the kitchen waste crushing, classifying and recycling device of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic view illustrating a state that a first hinge shaft of an embodiment of the kitchen waste crushing, classifying and recycling device according to the present invention moves to an outermost grinding assembly;

fig. 8 is a schematic view illustrating a state of a grinding assembly in which a second hinge shaft of an embodiment of the kitchen waste crushing, classifying and recovering device according to the present invention is continuously moved inward;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a grinding plate and a cutting plate of an embodiment of the kitchen waste crushing, classifying and recycling device of the invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a rotating shaft and a fixing ring of an embodiment of the kitchen waste crushing, classifying and recycling device of the invention. In the figure: 1. a protective shell; 101. a feed inlet; 102. an observation port; 2. a crushing ring; 3. a collection box; 4. a motor; 5. a rotating shaft; 501. a fixing ring; 6. an elastic telescopic rod; 7. filtering the screen; 8. a grinding plate; 9. a cutting board; 13. a guide table; 14. a connecting plate; 15. a motor compartment; 16. crushing the convex columns; 17. grinding the convex column; 18. a first hinge shaft; 19. a second hinge shaft.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the embodiment of the kitchen waste crushing, classifying and recycling device, as shown in fig. 1 to 10, the kitchen waste crushing, classifying and recycling device comprises a grinding assembly, wherein the grinding assembly comprises a crushing ring 2, a rotating shaft 5, twelve grinding plates 8, an elastic telescopic rod 6 and a plurality of knife plates 9. The inner peripheral wall of the crushing ring 2 is provided with a plurality of crushing convex columns 16. The rotating shaft 5 is arranged coaxially with the crushing ring 2 and rotates. Twelve grinding plates 8 are arranged on the inner side of the crushing ring 2 and are hinged end to form an annular structure, hinge rods between the twelve grinding plates 8 are respectively a first hinge shaft 18 and a second hinge shaft 19 which are alternately arranged, the distance from the first hinge shaft 18 to the rotating shaft 5 is greater than the distance from the second hinge shaft 19 to the rotating shaft 5 in an initial state, and a grinding cavity is formed between the twelve grinding plates 8 and the crushing ring 2. One end of the elastic telescopic rod 6 is connected with the rotating shaft 5, and the other end is connected with a first hinge shaft 18 which is telescopically arranged along the radial direction of the crushing ring 2. The front end articulates in the outside of the grinding plate 8 of first articulated shaft 18 near the one end of second articulated shaft 19 and is provided with the mounting bracket, and cutting board 9 is installed in the mounting bracket, and is helical structure, configures to and upwards extrudees the push in the material of the lateral surface of cutting board 9, makes the material grind more fully, will be in the material of the medial surface of cutting board 9 and push down crowded push, promotes the material and discharges from filter screen 7, prevents effectively that the material from spilling over. Specifically, the upper side of the rear end of the cutter plate 9 is located inward of the lower side of the rear end.

In the embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, a plurality of grinding studs 17 are disposed on the outer sidewall of the grinding plate 8, and the grinding studs 17 fully act on the material to enhance the grinding efficiency.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the grinding assembly further comprises a filter screen 7, the filter screen 7 is mounted at the lower port of the crushing ring 2, and the small-sized material is discharged from the filter screen 7.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a kitchen waste crushing and classifying and recycling device further includes a protective shell 1 and a guide table 13, the lower end of the protective shell 1 is connected to the crushing ring 2, the upper end is provided with a feeding hole 101, the guide table 13 is installed inside the protective shell 1, and is in a conical structure, the conical tip is upward, the lower end extends to the upper side of the grinding plate 8, and the distance from the lower end of the guide table 13 to the crushing ring 2 is not more than the minimum distance from the first hinge shaft 18 to the crushing ring 2, and the guide table 13 is connected with the protective shell 1 through a plurality of connecting plates 14, so that all materials poured from the feeding hole 101 enter the grinding cavity.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a kitchen waste crushing, classifying and recycling device further includes a plurality of observation ports 102 and a pulling mechanism (not shown in the figure), and the observation ports 102 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the lower end of the protective shell 1 so as to observe the shape enclosed by the plurality of grinding plates 8. The pulling mechanism is configured to pull first hinge axis 18 and second hinge axis 19 outwardly. For example, a pull ring is sleeved on each of the first hinge shaft 18 and the second hinge shaft 19, one end of the pull ring extends out of the observation opening 102, and the first hinge shaft 18 and the second hinge shaft 19 are moved outward by pulling the pull ring outward.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the kitchen waste smashing, classifying and recycling device further comprises a collection box 3 and a motor 4, the collection box 3 is arranged below the filter screen 7, and the crushing ring 2 is mounted on the collection box 3 to collect the kitchen waste falling from the filter screen 7. A motor bin 15 is arranged in the collecting box 3, a motor 4 is arranged in the motor bin 15, and the motor 4 drives the rotating shaft 5 to rotate.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 10, a fixing ring 501 is fixedly sleeved on the peripheral wall of the rotating shaft 5, the peripheral wall of the fixing ring 501 is provided with a plurality of first connecting lugs, and the inner end of the elastic telescopic rod 6 is connected to the first connecting lugs through a connector; the first articulated shaft 18 is provided with a second engaging lug, and the outer end of the elastic telescopic rod 6 is connected with the second engaging lug through a connector.

The recovery process of the kitchen waste crushing, classifying and recovering device comprises the following steps: first, each of the first hinge shafts 18 and the second hinge shafts 19 is manually pulled outward by the pulling mechanism such that the distance from each of the first hinge shafts 18 and the second hinge shafts 19 to the crushing ring 2 is the same. Then pour the material into from feed inlet 101, the material gets into the grinding chamber under the guide of guide table 13, after having piled up proper amount material in broken intracavity, start starter motor 4, motor 4 drives pivot 5 and rotates around self axis, and pivot 5 passes through elastic expansion rod 6 and drives a plurality of grinding plate 8 that enclose into regular dodecagon and revolute 5 anticlockwise rotation of pivot, and grinding plate 8 that enclose into regular dodecagon just begins to rotate and removes the external force that the manual work was applyed.

As shown in fig. 4 and 6, when the grinding plate 8 is rotated, the material between the outer end of the knife plate 9 and the crushing ring 2 presses the knife plate 9 inwards, so that the second hinge shaft 19 has a tendency to move inwards and the first hinge shaft 18 has a tendency to move outwards; meanwhile, the first hinge shaft 18 is subjected to the inward pulling force action of the elastic telescopic rod 6, so that the first hinge shaft 18 has the tendency of moving inwards, the second hinge shaft 19 has the tendency of moving outwards, the first hinge shaft 18 and the second hinge shaft 19 are kept in a stable state, the grinding plate 8 is kept in the regular dodecagon shape to rotate, materials in the grinding cavity are ground and crushed, the crushed materials with small volume flow down from the filter screen 7 to enter the collecting box 3 to be collected, and the materials cannot pass through the filter screen 7 to be continuously ground in the grinding cavity.

In the process, because the lower side of the rear end of the knife board 9 is positioned at the outer side of the upper side of the rear end, the outer side surface of the knife board 9 pushes the materials to move outwards in the rotating process, the material grinding frequency is increased, and the materials are ground more fully.

In crushing process, as shown in fig. 7, because material size differs with the hardness, along with the continuous input of material, the broken material of failing to grind constantly piles up at grinding the intracavity, make the resistance that cutting board 9 received increase, when the resistance increases to be enough to overcome the pulling force of elastic telescopic rod 6 to first articulated shaft 18, second articulated shaft 19 begins inwards moving, and then make first articulated shaft 18 outwards move, at this in-process, grind the chamber grow, the material volume that can hold increases, the area increase of filter screen 7 and material contact simultaneously, arrange material speed and also can accelerate, prevent effectively that the material from overflowing.

Afterwards, if the amount of the material in the grinding cavity is reduced to the extent that the inward extrusion force of the pair of knife plates 9 cannot overcome the pulling force of the elastic telescopic rod 6, the grinding plates 8 continue to crush the material when gradually recovering to the dodecagon shape. If second articulated shaft 19 when making two grinding plate 8 parallel and level that link to each other with it at the extrusion of material internal shift, first articulated shaft 18 is the shortest to broken ring 2's distance this moment, and the clearance grow between cutting board 9 and the broken ring 2 enables the particle diameter grow that the material can pass through, has alleviated the crushing pressure of cutting board 9, and the volume of grinding the chamber also grows simultaneously for the discharge efficiency of the material after the grinding.

As shown in fig. 8, if the knife plate 9 continues to drive the second hinge shaft 19 to move inwards under the extrusion of the material, after the second hinge shaft 19 moves inwards to break the dead point, the material exerts an inward pressure on the hinge with the second hinge shaft 19 and drives the first hinge shaft 18 to move inwards. In the process, the space of the grinding cavity is further enlarged, the material amount which can be contained is further increased, meanwhile, the contact area of the filter screen 7 and the material is further increased, and the material discharging speed is further accelerated.

In the process, when the rear end of the knife board 9 is positioned behind the inner side of the front end, and the lower side of the rear end of the knife board 9 is positioned outside the upper side of the rear end, the feeding direction of the material by the knife board 9 is changed into downward feeding, the material is further promoted to be discharged from the filter screen 7, and the material is effectively prevented from overflowing.

When the distance of second articulated shaft 19 to pivot 5 was less than first articulated shaft 18 to pivot 5 distance, a plurality of abrasive plates 8 were in the star state of indent, unable automatic recovery to regular dodecagon state, need shut down to clear up inside this moment, and the material of clearing up adopts the landfill method or retrieves the reprocessing, carries out recycle with the material of collecting in the collecting box 3, for example is used for compost etc..

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.