High-temperature-resistant rice plant growth regulator and use method and application thereof
阅读说明：本技术 一种抗高温水稻植株生长调节剂及其使用方法和应用 (High-temperature-resistant rice plant growth regulator and use method and application thereof ) 是由 陈婷婷 符冠富 奉保华 陶龙兴 李光彦 郁平慧 姜宁 于 2019-10-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种抗高温水稻植株生长调节剂及其使用方法和应用,属于促进植物生长领域,所述调节剂的有效成分包括脱落酸和蔗糖,在使用时,所述脱落酸的浓度为1～100μmol/L,所述蔗糖占所述调节剂总质量的0.1～2.5％。本发明基于天然植物激素脱落酸和天然糖类物质蔗糖相互作用对水稻开花后籽粒生长的影响,筛选其最佳施用浓度,使水稻受到的高温伤害显著降低,水稻产量且显著增加,稻米品质得以显著改善。(The invention discloses a high-temperature-resistant rice plant growth regulator and a use method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of plant growth promotion, wherein the effective components of the regulator comprise abscisic acid and sucrose, when the regulator is used, the concentration of the abscisic acid is 1-100 mu mol/L, and the sucrose accounts for 0.1-2.5% of the total mass of the regulator. According to the invention, based on the influence of interaction of natural plant hormone abscisic acid and natural saccharide sucrose on the growth of the flowering rice seeds, the optimal application concentration is screened, so that the high-temperature damage to the rice is obviously reduced, the rice yield is obviously increased, and the rice quality is obviously improved.)
1. The high-temperature-resistant rice plant growth regulator is characterized in that the effective components of the regulator comprise abscisic acid and sucrose, when the regulator is used, the concentration of the abscisic acid is 1-100 mu mol/L, and the sucrose accounts for 0.1-2.5% of the total mass of the regulator.
2. The high temperature resistant rice plant growth regulator of claim 1, wherein the abscisic acid concentration is 1-20 μmol/L and the sucrose comprises 0.25-2.5% of the total mass of the regulator.
3. A high temperature resistant rice plant growth regulator as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the abscisic acid is present at a concentration of 10-20 μmol/L and the sucrose is present at 0.5-1% by weight of the total regulator.
4. A high temperature resistant rice plant growth regulator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein, in use, the regulator further comprises a surfactant in an amount of 0.4 to 0.6% by weight of the total regulator.
5. A growth regulator for rice plants having high temperature resistance according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is applied to rice plants at the time of use in the flowering stage and the post-flowering stage of the rice plants at a concentration of: 15 μmol/L abscisic acid and 0.75% sucrose.
6. A method of using the high temperature resistant rice plant growth regulator of any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
1) preparing a compound reagent containing abscisic acid and sucrose, wherein the concentration of the abscisic acid is 1-100 mu mol/L, and the sucrose accounts for 0.1-2.5% of the total mass of the regulator;
2) the compound reagent is uniformly sprayed on the leaf surfaces and the rice ears in a spraying mode in the flowering period and the initial filling period of rice, and the spraying liquid amount per mu is 25-35L.
7. The method of using the high temperature resistant rice plant growth regulator of claim 6, wherein in step 2), the formulated agent is sprayed when the rice plant is subjected to a high temperature stress of 35 ℃ or higher.
8. The use method of the high-temperature resistant rice plant growth regulator as claimed in claim 6 or 7, wherein the concentration of the abscisic acid in the compound reagent in the step 1) is 10-20 μmol/L, and the sucrose accounts for 0.5-1% of the total mass of the regulator.
9. The use method of the high temperature resistant rice plant growth regulator according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the concentration of the abscisic acid in the formulated reagent of step 1) is 15 μmol/L, and the sucrose accounts for 0.75% of the total mass of the regulator.
10. The use of the high temperature resistant rice plant growth regulator according to any one of claims 1 to 5 for spraying the rice plant growth regulator during and after flowering of rice plants, wherein the growth regulator is uniformly sprayed on leaf surfaces and ears of rice plants.
Technical Field
The invention mainly relates to the field of plant growth promotion, in particular to a high-temperature-resistant rice plant growth regulator and a using method and application thereof.
Background
In recent years, global warming has been caused due to an increase in greenhouse gases resulting from human production activities, thereby causing frequent occurrence of extremely high temperature weather. Taking Zhejiang province as an example, after 7 months of the year in plum rain, the weather is sunny and hot after the plum rain is controlled by the subtropical zone for a long time, and continuous high-temperature drought is easy to occur if no typhoon exists in the period. According to statistics, the rice area in the middle and downstream of the Yangtze river has extreme high-temperature weather with the maximum temperature of more than 38 ℃ in 5 to 7 days on average from the beginning of 7 months to the middle of 8 months, and the more serious condition lasts for 15 to 20 days. Generally, the early rice flowering period is from 6 months bottom to 7 months early in the double-cropping rice area in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze river, and the early rice grain filling period is from 7 months early to late. The high temperature stress in this stage not only seriously inhibits the normal pollination fructification of the early rice in the flowering stage, but also seriously influences the accumulation of carbohydrates such as seed starch and the like of the early rice, inhibits the proliferation of endosperm cells and the filling and filling process, and finally is not beneficial to the formation of yield and rice quality.
In order to relieve the harm of high temperature to rice production, breeders culture and screen heat-resistant varieties in flowering periods, and the high-temperature damage is relieved by adjusting sowing periods and growth processes in cultivation measures to avoid high temperature or irrigating deep water and reasonably applying fertilizer. Spraying different plant growth regulators can pointedly promote and control the growth and development of crops, solve the problem of high-temperature damage, keep the stable yield of the crops or not seriously reduce the yield, even improve the yield and improve the quality, and is an important technical problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-temperature resistant rice plant growth regulator, and a use method and application thereof, which can prevent and relieve high-temperature heat damage, increase rice yield, improve rice quality and relieve the damage of high temperature to rice.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
on one hand, the invention provides a high-temperature-resistant rice plant growth regulator, the effective components of the regulator comprise abscisic acid and sucrose, when the regulator is used, the concentration of the abscisic acid is 1-100 mu mol/L, and the sucrose accounts for 0.1-2.5% of the total mass of the regulator. Preferably, when the regulator is used, the concentration of the abscisic acid is 1-20 mu mol/L, and the sucrose accounts for 0.25-2.5% of the total mass of the regulator. More preferably, the concentration of the abscisic acid is 1-20 mu mol/L, more preferably 10-20 mu mol/L, and the sucrose accounts for 0.5-1% of the total mass of the regulator. Further preferably, the concentration of the abscisic acid is 15 mu mol/L, and the sucrose accounts for 0.75 percent of the total mass of the regulator. The concrete use is as follows: in the flowering period and the time after flowering of rice plants, when in use, the high-temperature resistant rice plant growth regulator is used for spraying rice, and the spraying concentration is as follows: 15 μmol/L abscisic acid and 0.75% sucrose. The sucrose is generally plant natural sucrose.
Further, when the regulator is used, the regulator also comprises a surfactant accounting for 0.4-0.6% of the total mass of the regulator, wherein the surfactant can adopt Tween-20, for example, 0.5% of Tween-20 is added into the liquid medicine, so that the liquid medicine can be prevented from not sticking the leaves.
According to the invention, based on the influence of interaction of natural plant hormone abscisic acid and natural saccharide sucrose on the growth of the flowering rice seeds, the optimal application concentration is screened, so that the high-temperature damage to the rice is obviously reduced, the rice yield is obviously increased, and the rice quality is obviously improved. After the growth regulator is sprayed in the flowering period or the early grouting period, the malondialdehyde content of grains is obviously reduced, and the damage of cell membranes caused by high-temperature peroxidation is reduced; the seed setting rate and the thousand seed weight are obviously increased, so that the yield is obviously increased; the polished rice rate and the whole polished rice rate are obviously increased, and the processing quality of the rice is obviously improved; the protein content is obviously increased, the amylose content is obviously reduced, and the nutritional quality and the taste quality of the rice are obviously improved.
In another aspect, there is provided a method of using the high temperature resistant rice plant growth regulator, comprising the steps of:
1) preparing a compound reagent containing abscisic acid and sucrose, wherein the concentration of the abscisic acid is 1-100 mu mol/L, and the sucrose accounts for 0.1-2.5% of the total mass of the regulator;
2) the compound reagent is uniformly sprayed on leaf surfaces and rice ears in a spraying mode at the flowering stage and the early stage of filling of rice, particularly when rice plants are stressed by high temperature of 35 ℃ or above, the liquid spraying amount per mu is 25-35L, and the influence of high-temperature heat damage on the rice can be effectively reduced.
The growth regulator and the use method thereof can be widely applied to agricultural production, prevent and relieve high-temperature heat damage, and promote high quality and high yield of the growth regulator. The plant growth regulator has multiple effects of preventing high-temperature heat damage, increasing rice yield and improving rice quality. After the spray is carried out, the malondialdehyde content of the grains is obviously reduced, and the damage of cell membrane caused by high-temperature peroxidation is reduced; the seed setting rate and the thousand seed weight are obviously increased, so that the yield is obviously increased; the polished rice rate and the whole polished rice rate are obviously increased, and the processing quality of the rice is obviously improved; the protein content is obviously increased, the amylose content is obviously reduced, and the nutritional quality and the taste quality of the rice are obviously improved.
Further, the concentration of the abscisic acid in the compound reagent in the step 1) is 10-20 mu mol/L, and the sucrose accounts for 0.5-1% of the total mass of the regulator.
Further, in the compound reagent in the step 1), the concentration of the abscisic acid is 15 mu mol/L, and the sucrose accounts for 0.75% of the total mass of the regulator.
On the other hand, the application of the high-temperature resistant rice plant growth regulator is provided, which is used for spraying the rice plant growth regulator in the flowering period and the time after flowering of rice plants and uniformly spraying the growth regulator on leaf surfaces and rice ears.
After adopting such design, the invention has at least the following advantages:
according to the invention, based on the influence of interaction of natural plant hormone abscisic acid and natural saccharide sucrose on the growth of the flowering rice seeds, the optimal application concentration is screened, so that the high-temperature damage to the rice is obviously reduced, the rice yield is obviously increased, and the rice quality is obviously improved. After the growth regulator is sprayed in the flowering period or the early grouting period, the malondialdehyde content of grains is obviously reduced, and the damage of cell membranes caused by high-temperature peroxidation is reduced; the seed setting rate and the thousand seed weight are obviously increased, so that the yield is obviously increased; the polished rice rate and the whole polished rice rate are obviously increased, and the processing quality of the rice is obviously improved; the protein content is obviously increased, the amylose content is obviously reduced, and the nutritional quality and the taste quality of the rice are obviously improved.
Drawings
The foregoing is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the field temperature conditions during the treatment test of the high temperature resistant rice plant growth regulator of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows the effect of the spray compounding of the high temperature resistant rice plant growth regulator of the present invention on the malondialdehyde content of rice kernels at the flowering stage and the early filling stage (10 days after flowering).
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples, and any products similar or equivalent to the present invention, which are obtained in the light of the present invention, are within the scope of protection (note: the ratio of the raw materials in the examples is in parts by weight).
The invention carries out two spraying tests (0.5 percent of surfactant is added into liquid medicine and clear water when spraying) respectively by using clear water, abscisic acid, cane sugar (plant natural cane sugar) and abscisic acid and cane sugar in the flowering period and the early stage of filling (10 days after flowering) of rice, and concretely comprises the following steps:
in 2018, test division of Chinese Rice research institute in Fuyang city of Zhejiang province. The Zhe radiation 802 of the early indica rice variety to be tested blooms from the bottom of 6 months to the beginning of 7 months, and after the combination of abscisic acid, cane sugar and a compound agent thereof is sprayed on the early indica rice variety from 6 months 30 at the flowering period and 7
As can be seen from the statistical analysis of the field air temperature variation during the experimental period shown in FIG. 1, the maximum temperature of the whole month 7 is basically maintained above 35 ℃, and the temperature in the middle ten days is as high as 38 ℃, i.e., the rice is continuously affected by high temperature for a long period of time after the flowering period and the early stage of grouting.
When sucrose or abscisic acid is sprayed alone, the influence of different concentrations of sucrose or abscisic acid on rice yield is studied, as shown in tables 1 and 2.
The results in table 1 show that 0.5% and 2.5% sucrose can increase rice yield to some extent, with 8.10% and 8.45% respectively.
The results in Table 2 show that the abscisic acid spraying concentration is 1 mu mol.L-1And 10. mu. mol. L-1Can improve the rice yield, and the amplification is respectively 8.00 percent and 9.16 percent. Accordingly, spraying of abscisic acid inhibitor severely inhibits the formation of rice yield.
TABLE 1 influence of different concentrations of sucrose on the yield of early indica rice
Different letters within the same column indicate significant differences at the 5% level, the table below is the same.
TABLE 2 Effect of different concentrations of abscisic acid and its synthetic inhibitor Fluridone on early indica rice yield
In order to further study the effect of the combination of sucrose and abscisic acid, it can be seen from tables 1 and 2 that the optimum concentrations of abscisic acid and sucrose are: 10-20 mu mol/L of abscisic acid and 0.5% of cane sugar to prepare a compound reagent (0.5% of cane sugar +10 mu mol. L)-1Abscisic acid), the malondialdehyde content of the rice grain is significantly reduced, which indicates that the damage degree of the cell membrane lipid by high-temperature peroxidation is significantly reduced, as shown in figure 2. Under the condition of contrast clear water spraying, the setting rate is only 54.14%, and the influence of high-temperature heat damage on rice setting is reflected; after the sucrose and the abscisic acid are sprayed and compounded, the rice yield is obviously improved, and the amplification reaches 15.68 percent(ii) a The yield increase is mainly due to a significant increase in the seed set and thousand kernel weight, as shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 Effect of abscisic acid in interaction with sucrose on early indica yield
Treatment of
Number of ears
Number of grains per ear
Percentage of fruit set (%)
Thousand Kernel weight (g)
Yield (kg/666.7 m)2)
Clear water control
9.07±1.12a
165.62±15.18a
54.14±3.09b
20.89±0.57b
414.03±27.33b
Sucrose
9.40±0.94a
164.51±26.97a
60.41±6.67ab
21.38±0.20b
456.87±29.97ab
Abscisic acid
9.33±1.03a
159.20±8.71a
58.68±4.52b
21.13±0.34b
446.52±27.05ab
Abscisic acid and cane sugar
9.45±0.93a
162.26±12.94a
65.47±6.62a
21.91±0.53a
478.95±29.98a
In addition, as can be seen from table 4, the combination of abscisic acid and sucrose can also improve the rice quality of rice, which is characterized by significantly increasing the polished rice rate and the whole polished rice rate, significantly increasing the protein content, and significantly reducing the amylose content. The combination of the abscisic acid and the cane sugar can obviously improve the processing quality of the rice, the nutritional quality and the taste.
TABLE 4 Effect of abscisic acid in interaction with sucrose on early indica Rice quality
Treatment of
Polished Rice Rate (%)
Percentage of whole polished rice (%)
Protein (%)
Amylose (%)
Clear water control
64.87±2.44b
54.83±1.64c
11.17±0.25b
25.27±1.63a
Sucrose
67.67±1.72ab
62.40±1.41ab
11.47±0.15ab
23.13±0.55ab
Abscisic acid
66.97±2.70ab
59.77±2.84b
11.20±0.36b
23.70±1.10ab
Abscisic acid and cane sugar
75.23±2.06a
66.17±2.19a
11.83±0.15a
21.57±1.03b
On the basis, the abscisic acid and the cane sugar are compounded, the compounded concentration is optimized, and the interaction effect can be fully exerted. As can be seen from Table 5, the yield increase is only 6% when 15 μ M abscisic acid is sprayed alone, the yield increase is only 11% when 0.75% sucrose is sprayed alone, and the best effect of compounding 15 μ M abscisic acid and 0.75% sucrose is achieved, the yield increase can reach 22.06%, which indicates that the abscisic acid and sucrose compound spraying has a synergistic effect, which is higher than 16.1% of that of the abscisic acid with 0.5% sucrose. In addition, the treatment with 15. mu.M abscisic acid + 0.75% sucrose showed higher improvement in rice quality than the treatment with 10. mu.M abscisic acid + 0.5% sucrose. In the case of the polished rice percentage, the 10. mu.M abscisic acid + 0.5% sucrose treatment was 65.4%, while the 15. mu.M abscisic acid + 0.75% sucrose treatment was 68.2%. At the polished rice rate, the 10 μ M abscisic acid + 0.5% sucrose treatment was 73.34%, while the 15 μ M abscisic acid + 0.75% sucrose treatment was 78.48%. From the above analysis, it can be seen that the compounding of 15 μ M abscisic acid and 0.75% sucrose at high temperature can significantly increase the yield of rice and significantly improve the rice quality.
TABLE 5 influence of different concentrations of abscisic acid in combination with sucrose on rice yield and rice quality
In conclusion, the spraying concentration of the compound reagent is that the concentration of the abscisic acid is 15 mu mol/L, the concentration of the cane sugar is 0.75%, the compound reagent mixed solution with the concentration range is used in a spraying mode in the flowering period and the early grouting period (10 days after flowering) of rice, the spraying liquid medicine amount per mu is 30 liters, the leaf surface and the rice ears are uniformly sprayed, the compound effect is best, the high-temperature heat damage can be obviously reduced, the rice yield and the rice quality can be improved, and the compound reagent mixed solution can be widely applied to agricultural production.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention in any way, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the above description of the present invention can be applied to various modifications, equivalent variations or modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
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