阅读说明：本技术 一种填埋场防渗屏障材料及其制备方法 (Landfill seepage-proofing barrier material and preparation method thereof ) 是由 陆海军 王超峰 刘肖凡 李继祥 季爽 邓庆凯 罗富武 蔡磊 于 2019-11-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种填埋场防渗屏障材料及其制备方法,所述填埋场防渗屏障材料包括污泥、高炉矿渣粉、脱硫石膏、粉煤灰以及碱激发剂,其中,所述污泥、高炉矿渣粉、脱硫石膏和粉煤灰的质量百分数对应为35～65％、4～30％、4～30％和4～30％,所述碱激发剂的添加量为所述污泥、高炉矿渣粉、脱硫石膏和粉煤灰总质量的1.1～3.3％。本发明以高炉矿渣、脱硫石膏、粉煤灰和污泥为主要原材料,同时加入碱激发剂激发材料活性,由此制得的填埋场防渗材料在实际使用中,固化污泥体积收缩变化大大减小,显著改善了固化污泥养护过程中易于发生开裂的情况,同时还能提高力学性能,降低原料成本,有利于推广应用。(The invention discloses a landfill seepage-proofing barrier material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the landfill seepage-proofing barrier material comprises 35-65% by mass, 4-30% by mass and 4-30% by mass of sludge, blast furnace slag powder, desulfurized gypsum and fly ash, and an alkali activator, wherein the addition amount of the alkali activator is 1.1-3.3% by mass of the total mass of the sludge, the blast furnace slag powder, the desulfurized gypsum and the fly ash. The invention takes blast furnace slag, desulfurized gypsum, fly ash and sludge as main raw materials, and simultaneously adds the alkali activator to excite the activity of the materials, so that the volume shrinkage change of the solidified sludge of the prepared landfill anti-seepage material is greatly reduced in the actual use, the condition that the solidified sludge is easy to crack in the curing process is obviously improved, the mechanical property can be improved, the cost of the raw materials is reduced, and the popularization and the application are facilitated.)

1. The landfill seepage-proofing barrier material is characterized by comprising 35-65% by mass, 4-30% by mass and 4-30% by mass of sludge, blast furnace slag powder, desulfurized gypsum and fly ash, and 1.1-3.3% by mass of the alkali activator.

2. The landfill seepage-proofing barrier material of claim 1, wherein the alkali activator comprises sodium hydroxide and rice hull ash, wherein the addition amount of the sodium hydroxide and the rice hull ash is 0.1-0.3% and 1-3% of the total mass of the sludge, the blast furnace slag powder, the desulfurized gypsum and the fly ash.

3. The landfill yard seepage control barrier material of claim 1, wherein the water content of the sludge is 75-85%; and/or the average particle size of the sludge is not more than 1 mm.

4. The landfill impermeable barrier material of claim 1, wherein the blast furnace slag powder, the desulfurized gypsum and the fly ash have particle sizes of 80 to 200 mesh, 80 to 200 mesh and 80 to 200 mesh, respectively.

5. A method of making the landfill seepage control barrier material of any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:

stirring and mixing the blast furnace slag powder, the desulfurized gypsum and the fly ash to obtain mixed powder;

stirring the sludge containing the lumps into viscous pasty sludge;

adding the mixed powder into the viscous sludge, and stirring and mixing to obtain a premix;

adding an alkali activator into the premix, and stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed material;

and (3) spreading the mixed material, repeatedly rolling the mixed material to be blocky, drying and curing to obtain the landfill impermeable barrier material.

6. The method for preparing the impermeable barrier material of the landfill site according to claim 5, wherein the step of stirring and mixing the blast furnace slag powder, the desulfurized gypsum and the fly ash to obtain the mixed powder comprises the following steps:

respectively drying the blast furnace slag powder, the desulfurized gypsum and the fly ash at 100-110 ℃ to constant weight, sieving, and then stirring and mixing the blast furnace slag powder, the desulfurized gypsum and the fly ash at a medium speed of 100-400 r/min for 5-10 min to obtain mixed powder.

7. The method of making a landfill impermeable barrier material of claim 5, wherein the step of agitating the sludge containing agglomerates into a viscous sludge includes:

and stirring and mixing the sludge containing the lumps at a medium speed of 100-400 r/min for 5-10 min to form viscous sludge.

8. The method for preparing the impermeable barrier material of the landfill site according to claim 5, wherein the step of adding the mixed powder to the viscous sludge, stirring and mixing to obtain the premix comprises the following steps:

and adding the mixed powder into the viscous sludge, and stirring and mixing at a high speed of 600-1000 r/min for 10-20 min.

9. The method for preparing the impermeable barrier material of the landfill site according to claim 5, wherein the step of adding the alkali activator to the premix and stirring and mixing to obtain the mixed material comprises the following steps:

preparing sodium hydroxide into saturated solution of sodium hydroxide by using distilled water, then uniformly mixing the saturated solution with rice hull ash, adding the mixture into the premix, and stirring at a high speed of 600-1000 r/min for 10-20 min to obtain a mixed material.

10. The preparation method of the landfill impermeable barrier material as claimed in claim 5, wherein the step of preparing the landfill impermeable barrier material by laying the mixed material, repeatedly rolling the mixed material into blocks, drying and curing the blocks comprises the following steps:

the thickness of the block formed by rolling the mixed materials is not less than 75 cm.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of landfill seepage prevention, in particular to a landfill seepage prevention barrier material and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The rapid development of urbanization in China makes the problems of urban domestic garbage inconstant, and the sanitary landfill treatment of the domestic garbage has the advantages of low economy, thorough treatment and the like, but leachate gradually generated by garbage decomposition seriously threatens and pollutes underground water if the leachate is poorly treated, so that necessary anti-seepage measures are needed at the bottom of a landfill site.

At present, the method for treating the sludge mainly takes landfill, incineration, throwing into the sea and land utilization as main materials, but considers that the sludge is less as a building material, and particularly, the sludge is modified and solidified to be made into an anti-seepage material to be applied to the bottom construction of a refuse landfill, so that the application prospect is huge. At present, after various kinds of sludge are modified by cement, lime, fly ash or converter slag, the mechanical property index of the modified sludge is enhanced, but the following problems are often caused: when the permeability coefficient satisfies the saturation permeability coefficient of not more than 1.0 x 10^-7When the national specification of cm/s requires, other effective anti-cracking shrinkage measures are often needed, otherwise, the modified sludge has high shrinkage after solidification, cracks appear on the appearance, and the practical application is difficult.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a landfill impermeable barrier material and a preparation method thereof, aiming at improving the conditions that the solidified sludge is easy to shrink and crack in the curing and forming process and has small strength after forming when the sludge is applied to the landfill impermeable material.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a landfill seepage-proofing barrier material which comprises sludge, blast furnace slag powder, desulfurized gypsum, fly ash and an alkali activator, wherein the mass percentages of the sludge, the blast furnace slag powder, the desulfurized gypsum and the fly ash are respectively 35-65%, 4-30% and 4-30%, and the addition amount of the alkali activator is 1.1-3.3% of the total mass of the sludge, the blast furnace slag powder, the desulfurized gypsum and the fly ash.

Optionally, the alkali activator comprises sodium hydroxide and rice hull ash, wherein the addition amount of the sodium hydroxide and the rice hull ash is 0.1-0.3% and 1-3% of the total mass of the sludge, the blast furnace slag powder, the desulfurized gypsum and the fly ash.

Optionally, the water content of the sludge is 75-85%; and/or the average particle size of the sludge is not more than 1 mm.

Optionally, the particle sizes of the blast furnace slag powder, the desulfurized gypsum and the fly ash are 80-200 meshes, 80-200 meshes and 80-200 meshes correspondingly.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the landfill impermeable barrier material, which comprises the following steps:

stirring and mixing the blast furnace slag powder, the desulfurized gypsum and the fly ash to obtain mixed powder;

stirring the sludge containing the lumps into viscous pasty sludge;

adding the mixed powder into the viscous sludge, and stirring and mixing to obtain a premix;

adding an alkali activator into the premix, and stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed material;

and (3) spreading the mixed material, repeatedly rolling the mixed material to be blocky, drying and curing to obtain the landfill impermeable barrier material.

Optionally, the step of stirring and mixing the blast furnace slag powder, the desulfurized gypsum and the fly ash to obtain a mixed powder comprises the following steps:

respectively drying the blast furnace slag powder, the desulfurized gypsum and the fly ash at 100-110 ℃ to constant weight, sieving, and then stirring and mixing the blast furnace slag powder, the desulfurized gypsum and the fly ash at a medium speed of 100-400 r/min for 5-10 min to obtain mixed powder.

Optionally, the step of stirring the sludge containing the agglomerates into a viscous sludge includes:

and stirring and mixing the sludge containing the lumps at a medium speed of 100-400 r/min for 5-10 min to form viscous sludge.

Optionally, the step of adding the mixed powder into the viscous sludge, and stirring and mixing to obtain a premix comprises:

and adding the mixed powder into the viscous sludge, and stirring and mixing at a high speed of 600-1000 r/min for 10-20 min.

Optionally, the step of adding an alkali activator to the premix, and stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed material comprises:

preparing sodium hydroxide into saturated solution of sodium hydroxide by using distilled water, then uniformly mixing the saturated solution with rice hull ash, adding the mixture into the premix, and stirring at a high speed of 600-1000 r/min for 10-20 min to obtain a mixed material.

Optionally, after the mixed material is spread, repeatedly rolling the mixed material into a block shape, drying and curing the block shape to obtain the landfill impermeable barrier material, wherein the landfill impermeable barrier material comprises the following steps:

the thickness of the block formed by rolling the mixed materials is not less than 75 cm.

According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, blast furnace slag powder, desulfurized gypsum, fly ash and sludge are used as main raw materials, and an alkali activator is added to excite the activity of the materials, so that the volume shrinkage change of the solidified sludge is greatly reduced in the actual use of the prepared landfill anti-seepage material, the condition that the solidified sludge is easy to shrink and crack in the curing process is obviously improved, the mechanical property can be improved, the cost of the raw materials is reduced, and the popularization and the application are facilitated.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a method for preparing an impermeable barrier material for a landfill site according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an SEM image of a landfill barrier material prepared in example 1;

fig. 3-5 are SEM images of landfill barrier materials prepared in comparative example 1, comparative example 2, and comparative example 3, respectively.

The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially. In addition, the meaning of "and/or" appearing throughout includes three juxtapositions, exemplified by "A and/or B" including either A or B or both A and B. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

At present, after various kinds of sludge are modified by cement, lime, fly ash or converter slag, the mechanical property index of the modified sludge is enhanced, but the following problems are often caused: when the permeability coefficient satisfies the saturation permeability coefficient of not more than 1.0 x 10^-7When the national specification of cm/s requires, other rules are often adoptedAnd (3) effective anti-cracking shrinkage measures, otherwise, the modified sludge has larger shrinkage after solidification, cracks appear on the appearance, and the practical application is difficult. In view of the above, the invention provides a landfill impermeable barrier material, which is prepared by using sludge as one of raw materials and combining with blast furnace slag, desulfurized gypsum and fly ash, and solves the problem that solidified sludge is easy to crack. In an embodiment of the landfill site anti-seepage barrier material provided by the invention, the landfill site anti-seepage barrier material comprises, by mass, 35-65%, 4-30% and 4-30% of sludge, blast furnace slag powder, desulfurized gypsum and fly ash, and an alkali activator, wherein the addition amount of the alkali activator is 1.1-3.3% of the total mass of the sludge, the blast furnace slag powder, the desulfurized gypsum and the fly ash.

At present, in the process of solidifying sludge, or the main solidified materials are riverway sludge and riverbed beach sludge, or a large amount of silicate cement is used in raw materials, or treatment modes such as acid washing, high-temperature roasting, probiotic adding and the like are adopted, so that the cost of the solidified materials is high, the solidification process is complex, and the popularization and the application are not facilitated. In the embodiment, the sludge is fresh municipal sludge obtained by dewatering through a centrifugal method, is obtained from a Wuhan Sanjin Tan sewage treatment plant, has the sludge treatment capacity of 500t/d, and has the advantages of low material cost and simple solidification process. On one hand, although the sewage treatment rate in China currently exceeds 90%, the safe treatment rate of sludge generated during sewage treatment reaches about 10%; on the other hand, when municipal sludge is treated in a sanitary sludge landfill mode, the safety of a landfill site and the surrounding ecological environment are seriously polluted, and the municipal sludge is taken as one of the main raw materials for preparing the anti-seepage barrier material of the landfill site in the technical scheme of the invention, so that the utilization prospect of sludge resource can be greatly improved.

The other raw material of the desulfurized gypsum adopted by the invention belongs to industrial by-product gypsum, the blast furnace slag powder belongs to smelting slag and bulk industrial solid waste together with fly ash, and the three materials and sludge are jointly used as raw materials for preparing the landfill impermeable barrier material, so that the condition that the solidified sludge is easy to crack in the curing process is effectively improved, the mechanical property of the material is favorably improved, the construction and curing requirements of the prepared landfill impermeable barrier material are low, the forming is easy, and the same condition as the site of a landfill for curing can be considered in the seasons of less rainwater and no frost. In addition, by utilizing the waste of the solid wastes, the environmental pollution and complete hidden troubles caused by the solid wastes are reduced, and the method also has the advantage of low raw material cost and is more convenient for industrial utilization and production.

According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, blast furnace slag, desulfurized gypsum, fly ash and sludge are used as main raw materials, and an alkali activator is added to excite the activity of the materials, so that the volume shrinkage change of the solidified sludge of the prepared landfill anti-seepage material is greatly reduced in the actual use, the condition that the solidified sludge is easy to crack in the curing process is obviously improved, the mechanical property can be improved, the cost of the raw materials is reduced, and the popularization and the application are facilitated.

The alkali activator is used for activating the material, and in this embodiment, the alkali activator includes sodium hydroxide and rice husk ash, wherein the addition amount of the sodium hydroxide is 0.1-0.3%, more preferably 0.2%, of the total mass of the sludge, the blast furnace slag powder, the desulfurized gypsum and the fly ash, and the addition amount of the rice husk ash is 1-3%, more preferably 3%, of the total mass of the sludge, the blast furnace slag powder, the desulfurized gypsum and the fly ash.

In general, fresh municipal sludge directly comes from a sewage treatment plant and is obtained by a centrifugal dehydration process, the water content of the sludge is high, the sludge is directly applied to manufacturing of landfill impermeable materials, the strength of the materials is easily reduced, the maintenance period is long, and if a sludge cake with low water content is obtained after a plate-and-frame press is used for dehydration, the process cost is increased. According to the technical scheme, fresh municipal sludge, blast furnace slag powder, desulfurized gypsum and fly ash are used as raw materials for preparing the landfill impermeable barrier material, so that the requirement on the water content of the selected sludge is reduced, in the embodiment, the sludge with the water content of 75-85% can meet the use requirement, the strength of the material can be ensured, the cost can be reduced, the maintenance period is shortened, and the material can be maintained for 28 days under the same condition as a construction site. Further, the average particle size of the sludge is not more than 1mm, so that the influence on the appearance or mechanical property and the like of the sludge due to the existence of large particles or blocks during solidification of the sludge can be avoided.

Furthermore, the particle sizes of the blast furnace slag powder, the desulfurized gypsum and the fly ash are respectively 80-200 meshes, 80-200 meshes and 80-200 meshes, wherein the particle sizes of the blast furnace slag powder, the desulfurized gypsum and the fly ash can be selected to be the same or different, the particle sizes of the three materials can be respectively 80-200 meshes, and the mechanical properties of the prepared materials can be improved by selecting the powder with smaller particle size and uniform distribution.

Based on the embodiment of the landfill site anti-seepage barrier material provided above, the invention also provides a preparation method of the landfill site anti-seepage barrier material, and fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the preparation method of the landfill site anti-seepage barrier material provided by the invention. Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, a method for preparing an impermeable barrier material for a landfill site includes the following steps:

step S10, stirring and mixing the blast furnace slag powder, the desulfurized gypsum and the fly ash to obtain mixed powder;

in the actual operation process, the powder in the raw materials needs to be dried to fully remove the moisture in the powder, then the powder is crushed and sieved to obtain the powder with uniform particle size, and finally the powder is stirred and mixed. In this embodiment, step S10 may be specifically performed as follows: respectively drying the blast furnace slag powder, the desulfurized gypsum and the fly ash at 100-110 ℃ to constant weight, respectively and correspondingly sieving the dried blast furnace slag powder, the desulfurized gypsum and the fly ash with a sieve of 80-200 meshes, and then stirring and mixing the blast furnace slag powder, the desulfurized gypsum and the fly ash at a medium speed of 100-400 r/min for 5-10 min to obtain mixed powder. Here, the drying operation in step S10 may be performed in a drying apparatus such as an electrothermal blowing constant temperature drying oven, a vacuum drying oven, or the like.

Step S20, stirring the sludge containing the lumps into thick pasty sludge;

in this embodiment, the stirring speed in step S20 is 100 to 400r/min, the stirring time is 5 to 10min, and the average particle size of the sludge after stirring is not greater than 1mm, and the whole sludge is viscous paste.

Step S30, adding the mixed powder into the viscous sludge, and stirring and mixing to obtain a premix;

in this embodiment, the stirring speed in step S20 is 100-400 r/min, and the stirring time is 10-20 min.

Step S40, adding an alkali activator into the premix, and stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed material;

in this example, the alkali activator includes sodium hydroxide and rice husk ash, which are added to the premix in such a manner that: preparing saturated solution of sodium hydroxide from sodium hydroxide by using distilled water, uniformly mixing the saturated solution with rice hull ash to be used as an exciting agent, adding the exciting agent into the premix, and stirring at a high speed of 600-1000 r/min for 10-20 min to obtain a mixed material.

And step S50, spreading the mixed material, repeatedly rolling the mixed material into blocks, drying and curing the blocks to obtain the landfill impermeable barrier material.

And (3) after the mixed material is spread flatly, performing anticorrosion rolling to blocks with the thickness of not less than 75cm (the specific thickness can be 75cm, 80cm, 90cm, 100cm and the like according to actual requirements) by using rolling equipment such as a road roller and the like, and curing for 28 days under the same conditions with a landfill site, drying and curing to obtain the landfill impermeable barrier material.

The invention takes blast furnace slag powder, desulfurized gypsum, fly ash and sludge as main raw materials, the blast furnace slag powder, desulfurized gypsum and fly ash are uniformly mixed, then the uniformly stirred fresh municipal sludge is added, the alkali activator is added to excite the activity of the material, and then the mixture is rolled into blocks and then is solidified and formed, so that the solidification volume shrinkage change of the sludge in the prepared landfill impermeable barrier material is greatly reduced, the cracking condition generated in the solidified sludge maintenance process is improved as much as possible, the mechanical property is greatly improved, and the permeability coefficient can also meet the national standard requirement; all the operations in the steps are carried out at normal temperature and normal pressure, and the used main raw materials are mostly recycled, so that the production process and the raw material cost are reduced, the problem of treatment of the current sludge is solved, solid wastes such as slag, gypsum, fly ash and the like are recycled, and the method is more suitable for popularization and application.

The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to specific examples and drawings, it should be understood that the following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.