阅读说明：本技术 一种双组份纳米溶胶型液体硬化剂及其制备方法 (Double-component nano sol type liquid hardening agent and preparation method thereof ) 是由 张继 张启龙 夏晨 林伟峰 陈盈盈 杨辉 于 2021-07-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及建材技术领域,旨在提供一种双组份纳米溶胶型液体硬化剂及其制备方法。该液体硬化剂由A组分溶液和B组分溶液组成；A组分溶液由四氟化硅溶液、二氧化硅溶胶、表面活性剂和蒸馏水混合而成：B组分溶液由拟薄水铝石、氨水、硅烷偶联剂和蒸馏水混合而成。本发明的两种单组分溶液不会发生内部反应,能够长时间保存。所用成分能与混凝土发生不可逆化学反应、填充并密实了孔洞,牢固地填充并形成整体结构；该产品制备工艺简单,对环境无污染,且原料简单,成本低,可直接大面积滚涂或喷涂至混凝土表面进行施工,特别适合大规模工业化生产。(The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, and aims to provide a double-component nano sol type liquid hardening agent and a preparation method thereof. The liquid hardening agent consists of a component A solution and a component B solution; the component A solution is prepared by mixing silicon tetrafluoride solution, silicon dioxide sol, surfactant and distilled water: the component B solution is prepared by mixing pseudo-boehmite, ammonia water, a silane coupling agent and distilled water. The two single-component solutions of the present invention do not undergo internal reactions and can be stored for a long time. The used components can perform irreversible chemical reaction with concrete, fill and compact the holes, and firmly fill and form an integral structure; the product has simple preparation process, no pollution to the environment, simple raw materials and low cost, can be directly roller-coated or sprayed on the surface of concrete in a large area for construction, and is particularly suitable for large-scale industrial production.)

1. A double-component nanometer sol type liquid hardener is characterized in that the liquid hardener consists of a component A solution and a component B solution; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the component A solution is prepared by mixing the following components: 15-30% of silicon tetrafluoride solution with the concentration of 0.05-0.8 mol/l, 10-35% of silicon dioxide sol with the solid content of 15-35%, 0.6-1% of surfactant and distilled water;

the component B solution is prepared by mixing the following components: 5-25% of pseudo-boehmite, 1-4% of ammonia water with the mass fraction of 5-28%, 0.1-0.5% of silane coupling agent and distilled water;

the percentage of each component in the solution of each component is mass ratio, which means the percentage of the corresponding component in the total mass of the two-component nano sol type liquid hardener; the balance of distilled water.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the average particle size of the particles in the silica sol is 15 nm.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant is one or more of alkylphenol ethoxylates, polyethylene glycol 2000, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and polyvinylpyrrolidone.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the pseudoboehmite has a molecular formula of AlOOH-nH₂O，n＝0.2～0.4。

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the silane coupling agent is any one or more of 3-ureidopropyltrimethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, r-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, or bis- (triethoxysilyl) amine.

6. The preparation method of the two-component nanometer sol type liquid hardening agent as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) weighing or preparing a silicon tetrafluoride solution, a silicon dioxide sol, a surfactant, pseudo-boehmite, ammonia water, a silane coupling agent and distilled water according to the mass ratio for later use;

(2) adding half of distilled water into a reaction vessel, continuously adding the silicon tetrafluoride solution, and stirring; adjusting the temperature in the reaction container to 25-40 ℃, sequentially adding silica sol and a surfactant, and stirring at the speed of 300-1000 rmp for 15-65 min; cooling to room temperature to obtain a uniformly mixed component A solution for later use;

(3) adding the residual amount of distilled water into another reaction container, sequentially adding pseudo-boehmite, a silane coupling agent and ammonia water, and stirring at the speed of 150-300 rmp for 30-60 min at the temperature of 25-40 ℃; cooling to room temperature to obtain a uniformly mixed component B solution for later use;

the concentration of the silicon tetrafluoride solution is 0.05-0.8 mol/L; the solid content of the silicon dioxide sol is 15-35%, and the average particle size is 15 nm; the mass fraction of the ammonia water is 5-28%.

7. The use method of the two-component nanometer sol type liquid hardening agent as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) treating the concrete floor surface layer by adopting floor grinding equipment, and airing;

(2) spraying or rolling the solution of the component A on the ground, uniformly coating the solution of the component A back and forth by using a mop, keeping the solution of the component A moist within 10min, and fully reacting;

(3) after the component A solution fully permeates and reacts with the concrete, uniformly spraying the component B solution on the ground, and reacting for 0.1-24 hours;

(4) and (3) grinding the ground sprayed with the solution B by adopting terrace grinding equipment at a propelling speed of 0.1-1 min/m.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the amount of the component A solution is 0.1 to 2kg/m²The dosage of the component B solution is 0.01-0.5 kg/m²。

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of building materials, and particularly relates to a double-component nano sol type liquid hardening agent and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The existing concrete poured infrastructure and industrial factory building have poor wear resistance and short service life, and the surface of the existing concrete poured infrastructure and industrial factory building has the phenomena of pot holes, weathering, dust, sand, peeling and the like after long-term use; can not meet the requirement of modern production environment, and needs to be modified urgently. In order to solve this problem, in recent years, many scholars have developed a variety of hardeners specially used for concrete floors, which can greatly improve the service life thereof.

Currently, the most used ground hardener materials in the domestic and foreign markets are mainly of two types: one is silicate products, such as CN200910055825 and CN201110083155.2, which disclose that silicate (sodium silicate, potassium silicate, lithium silicate, etc.) is used as the main component, and magnesium fluorosilicate, silane emulsion, etc. are added to increase the properties of compactness, glossiness, etc. of concrete. But the content of the effective components is lower, the performance of concrete is improved little by one construction, the gloss durability and the weather resistance of the finished product are poor, and the gloss reduction is obvious in a short time. The other type is a sealing hardener taking nano silica sol (such as CN201010543000.8) as a main component, wherein the silica sol contains a large number of silicon-oxygen bonds and can react with concrete to generate calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) capable of improving the wear resistance of the concrete.

Although the formulations can effectively improve and enhance the performances of concrete such as hardness, wear resistance and the like, the single-component reinforced and hardened ground is mainly used, and a product with two components used in cooperation and a synergistically reinforced base surface is not available. The defects of the single-component product are as follows: because the adding is completed at one time when the concrete leveling agent is used, the subsequent reaction direction can not be further changed according to the material reaction process and the microstructure change, and the performances of the concrete such as the hardness, the wear resistance and the like can not be further improved on the basis of the conventional leveling. In addition, the curing agent is nominally a two-component curing agent, but the two components are required to be mixed before use, and actually, the curing agent is also a single component for basal planes such as concrete, and the dosage of the material of the component after the curing agent cannot be adjusted according to the change of the reaction condition of the concrete basal plane so as to achieve the effects of synergistically enhancing and hardening the basal plane.

With the increasing demand of users for ground diversification, products which can rapidly improve the comprehensive performance of the ground and can be maintained for a long time are gradually pursued. Particularly, aiming at projects with poor foundations and short project duration, a hardener product for rapidly improving and improving the comprehensive performance of a concrete base surface is in need. Therefore, there is a need for new improvements to hardener products.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects in the prior art and provides a two-component nano sol liquid hardener and a preparation method thereof.

In order to solve the technical problem, the solution of the invention is as follows:

providing a two-component nano sol type liquid hardening agent, wherein the liquid hardening agent consists of a component A solution and a component B solution; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the component A solution is prepared by mixing the following components: 15-30% of silicon tetrafluoride solution with the concentration of 0.05-0.8 mol/l, 10-35% of silicon dioxide sol with the solid content of 15-35%, 0.6-1% of surfactant and distilled water;

the component B solution is prepared by mixing the following components: 5-25% of pseudo-boehmite, 1-4% of ammonia water with the mass fraction of 5-28%, 0.1-0.5% of silane coupling agent and distilled water;

the percentage of each component in the solution of each component is mass ratio, which means the percentage of the corresponding component in the total mass of the two-component nano sol type liquid hardener; the balance of distilled water.

Preferably, the average particle diameter of the particles in the silica sol is 15 nm.

Preferably, the surfactant is any one or a combination of several of Alkylphenol Polyoxyethylene Ether (APEO), polyethylene glycol 2000(PEG2000), Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (SDBS) or polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP).

Preferably, the molecular formula of the pseudoboehmite is AlOOH & nH₂O，n＝0.2～0.4。

Preferably, the silane coupling agent is any one or a combination of 3-urea propyl trimethoxy silane (KH592), ethyl orthosilicate, r-glycidyl ether oxygen propyl trimethoxy silane, or bis- (triethoxy silyl) amine.

The invention further provides a preparation method of the double-component nanometer sol type liquid hardening agent, which comprises the following steps:

(1) weighing or preparing a silicon tetrafluoride solution, a silicon dioxide sol, a surfactant, pseudo-boehmite, ammonia water, a silane coupling agent and distilled water according to the mass ratio for later use;

(2) adding half of distilled water into a reaction vessel, continuously adding the silicon tetrafluoride solution, and stirring; adjusting the temperature in the reaction container to 25-40 ℃, sequentially adding silica sol and a surfactant, and stirring at the speed of 300-1000 rmp for 15-65 min; cooling to room temperature to obtain a uniformly mixed component A solution for later use;

(3) adding the residual amount of distilled water into another reaction container, sequentially adding pseudo-boehmite, a silane coupling agent and ammonia water, and stirring at the speed of 150-300 rmp for 30-60 min at the temperature of 25-40 ℃; cooling to room temperature to obtain a uniformly mixed component B solution for later use;

the concentration of the silicon tetrafluoride solution is 0.05-0.8 mol/L; the solid content of the silicon dioxide sol is 15-35%, and the average particle size is 15 nm; the mass fraction of the ammonia water is 5-28%.

The invention also provides a using method of the double-component nanometer sol type liquid hardening agent, which comprises the following steps:

(1) treating the concrete floor surface layer by adopting floor grinding equipment, and airing;

(2) spraying or rolling the solution of the component A on the ground, uniformly coating the solution of the component A back and forth by using a mop, keeping the solution of the component A moist within 10min, and fully reacting;

(3) after the component A solution fully permeates and reacts with the concrete, uniformly spraying the component B solution on the ground, and reacting for 0.1-24 hours;

(4) and (3) grinding the ground sprayed with the solution B by adopting terrace grinding equipment at a propelling speed of 0.1-1 min/m.

As a preferred scheme, the dosage of the component A solution is 0.1-2 kg/m²The dosage of the component B solution is 0.01-0.5 kg/m²。

The realization principle of the invention is as follows:

the main components of the double-component nanometer sol type liquid hardening agent are silicon dioxide sol of silicon tetrafluoride solution and pseudo-boehmite sol, and the reaction generated in the using process comprises the following steps:

1. after the silicon tetrafluoride solution permeates into the concrete, on one hand, the silicon tetrafluoride solution reacts with hydrate hydroxide in the concrete to neutralize the alkalinity of the base material, so that the phenomenon of 'alkali return' in the later period is effectively prevented, more silicon dioxide particles are generated, and on the other hand, the product silicon dioxide particles generated by full reaction rapidly permeate into the capillary pores of the concrete to react with unhydrated cement in the concrete under the action of the surfactant, so that macromolecular gel with a network-shaped cross-linked structure is generated, and the pores of the concrete are filled to be compact;

2. the pseudo-boehmite sol in the component B can directly permeate and fill holes on the surface layer which are not compact, and can react with calcium ions and the like remained in concrete to generate a high-hardness substance calcium aluminate, so that the concrete is further compacted and reinforced; in addition, the ammonia water solution in the component B neutralizes excessive silicon tetrafluoride hydrolyzed products, and the PH environment of the concrete is adjusted; the addition of the surfactant in the invention promotes the full penetration and reaction of the pseudo-boehmite sol, and simultaneously increases the surface glossiness and the hydrophobic property of the concrete.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the technical effects that:

(1) the invention utilizes the characteristics and reaction principle of each additive component, thereby developing the double-component nano sol type liquid hardening agent; the two single-component solutions do not undergo internal reaction and can be stored for a long time.

(2) The silicon dioxide generated after the added silicon tetrafluoride solution and the concrete undergo irreversible chemical reaction fills and compacts the holes, prevents the phenomenon of 'alkali return' on the concrete floor at the later stage, improves the acid-base environment in the concrete, and fundamentally improves the overall attractiveness and service life of the concrete; the technical advantage is obviously superior to the prior product;

(3) the invention uses pseudo-boehmite sol which is nano sol type particles, has small particles and good permeability, and can react with calcium ions and the like remained in concrete to generate high-hardness substance calcium aluminate, thereby further compacting and reinforcing the concrete;

(4) by adopting a two-component design, on one hand, the size proportion and the number of the particle diameters of the nano silicon dioxide particles and the alumina sol particles are adjusted by controlling the sequence of the reaction, so that the nano silicon dioxide particles and the alumina sol particles can be distributed in pores in the concrete ground in a staggered manner when in use, and the pores are fully filled and compacted; on the other hand, the ammonia water solution added in the reaction neutralizes the excessive silicon tetrafluoride hydrolyzed product, and adjusts the PH environment of the concrete, so that the performance of the concrete is obviously improved in a short time, and the service life is longer;

(5) the invention fully utilizes the nanometer silicon dioxide sol generated by chemical reaction, the silicon dioxide grain diameter difference distribution characteristics of the solution and the function of dislocation aging reaction, so that the nanometer silicon dioxide sol can better fill holes with different grain diameters in concrete and form a compact whole; meanwhile, the characteristics of the product of the pseudo-boehmite sol after reaction for reinforcing the hardened concrete are utilized, so that the overall performance is improved; the technical advantage is obviously superior to the prior product which utilizes a single sol technology to strengthen the ground;

(6) the invention adopts a two-component design, namely a two-step reaction method is implemented in real time, and the comprehensive effects of strengthening and strengthening reaction interval time, acid-base equilibrium hardening, optimizing distribution and permeation of particle size difference and the like between the two components are fully utilized to achieve the effect of strengthening the hardened concrete base material;

(7) the invention is a double-component nanometer sol type liquid hardening agent product, has simple preparation process, no pollution to the environment, simple raw materials and low cost, can be directly rolled and coated on the surface of concrete in a large area or sprayed on the surface of the concrete for construction, and is particularly suitable for large-scale industrial production.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

The double-component nanometer sol type liquid hardening agent provided by the invention consists of a component solution A and a component solution B. Wherein, the component A solution is prepared by mixing the following components: 15-30% of silicon tetrafluoride solution with the concentration of 0.05-0.8 mol/l, 10-35% of silicon dioxide sol with the solid content of 15-35%, 0.6-1% of surfactant and distilled water; the component B solution is prepared by mixing the following components: 5-25% of pseudo-boehmite, 1-4% of ammonia water with the mass fraction of 5-28%, 0.1-0.5% of silane coupling agent and distilled water; the percentage of each component in the solution of each component is mass ratio, which means the percentage of the corresponding component in the total mass of the two-component nano sol type liquid hardener; the balance of distilled water.

The molecular formula of the pseudo-boehmite is AlOOH & nH₂O and n are 0.2 to 0.4. The average particle diameter of the particles in the silica sol is 15 nm. The surfactant is any one or a combination of more of Alkylphenol Polyoxyethylene (APEO), polyethylene glycol 2000(PEG2000), Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (SDBS) or polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). The silane coupling agent is any one or a combination of more of 3-urea propyl trimethoxy silane (KH592), tetraethoxysilane, r-glycidyl ether oxygen propyl trimethoxy silane or bis- (triethoxy silyl) amine.

The preparation method of the double-component nanometer sol type liquid hardening agent comprises the following steps:

(1) weighing or preparing a silicon tetrafluoride solution, a silicon dioxide sol, a surfactant, pseudo-boehmite, ammonia water, a silane coupling agent and distilled water according to the mass ratio for later use;

(2) adding half of distilled water into a reaction vessel, continuously adding the silicon tetrafluoride solution, and stirring; adjusting the temperature in the reaction container to 25-40 ℃, sequentially adding silica sol and a surfactant, and stirring at the speed of 300-1000 rmp for 15-65 min; cooling to room temperature to obtain a uniformly mixed component A solution for later use;

(3) adding the residual amount of distilled water into another reaction container, sequentially adding pseudo-boehmite, a silane coupling agent and ammonia water, and stirring at the speed of 150-300 rmp for 30-60 min at the temperature of 25-40 ℃; cooling to room temperature to obtain a uniformly mixed component B solution for later use;

the concentration of the silicon tetrafluoride solution is 0.05-0.8 mol/L; the solid content of the silicon dioxide sol is 15-35%, and the average particle size is 15 nm; the mass fraction of the ammonia water is 5-28%.

The use method of the double-component nanometer sol type liquid hardening agent comprises the following steps:

(1) treating the concrete floor surface layer by adopting floor grinding equipment, and airing;

(2) spraying or rolling the solution of the component A on the ground, uniformly coating the solution of the component A back and forth by using a mop, keeping the solution of the component A moist within 10min, and fully reacting; the dosage of the component A solution is 0.1-2 kg/m²。

(3) After the component A solution fully permeates and reacts with the concrete, uniformly spraying the component B solution on the ground, and reacting for 0.1-24 hours; the dosage of the component B solution is 0.01-0.5 kg/m²。

(4) And (3) grinding the ground sprayed with the solution B by adopting terrace grinding equipment at a propelling speed of 0.1-1 min/m.

Specific data in each example are described in table 1:

TABLE 1

The main technical parameters of the original ground, the ground treated by the method and the ground treated by the prior art are shown in table 2; the prior art refers to a hardener material which is used in Chinese patent application CN201811639689.7, CN201510849050.1 and the like and consists of sodium silicate, potassium silicate, fluosilicate and the like as single components.

TABLE 2

Performance/parameter	Mohs hardness	Abrasion resistance/cm-3	Gloss degree/° C
				Original ground	4-5	132	15
Prior art treated ground	7	85	35
				The ground surface treated by the technology of the invention	7.5	49	65

As can be seen from the comparison of the data in Table 2, the hardness in Mohs, abrasion resistance and gloss of the floor surface treated by the present invention are all higher than the parameters of the single-component hardener material, and the parameters are greatly improved compared with the untreated original floor surface.

The invention adopts the design of two components, on one hand, the size proportion and the number of the particle diameters of the nano silicon dioxide particles and the alumina sol particles are adjusted by controlling the sequence of the reaction, so that the nano silicon dioxide particles and the alumina sol particles can be distributed in pores in the concrete ground in a staggered way when in use, and the pores are fully filled and compacted, thereby leading the original base surface to be more compact, and gradually improving the hardness and the wear resistance. On the other hand, the ammonia water solution added in the reaction neutralizes excessive silicon tetrafluoride hydrolyzed products, and adjusts the PH environment of the concrete, so that particles such as nano silicon dioxide can further fill small gaps and the like, the performance of the concrete is obviously improved in a short time, and finally, the surface glossiness is obviously improved after grinding. Thirdly, the nano-silica sol generated by chemical reaction, the silica particle size difference distribution characteristics of the solution and the function of dislocation aging reaction are utilized, so that the nano-silica sol can better fill holes with different particle sizes in concrete and form a compact whole; fourthly, the characteristics of the product of the pseudo-boehmite sol in the component B after reaction for reinforcing the hardened concrete are utilized, so that the overall performance is improved.

In conclusion, the technical advantages of the invention are obviously superior to the situation of treatment without using a hardening agent and superior to the performance of enhancing the hardness and the wear resistance of the ground by using a single component in the prior art.