阅读说明：本技术 一种液氧温区冷氦增压系统 (Cold helium pressurization system for liquid oxygen temperature zone ) 是由 马方超 张立强 吴姮 刘文川 赵涛 吴俊峰 贺启林 孙善秀 丁蕾 张智 容易 于 2019-09-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种液氧温区冷氦增压系统,该系统增压气瓶3浸泡在液氧贮箱1内,与液氧充分换热,增压介质温度与推进剂温度相同,增加了介质贮存效率。增压气瓶3在液氧贮箱1内布局靠近贮箱上部,飞行数秒后增压气瓶3即从液氧中露出,飞行结束时增压气瓶3中气体剩余量较小,提高介质利用率。增压气体从气瓶流出后,充分利用管路的换热,气动加热,气体与贮箱内燃料的换热,提高了增压气体的焓值。增压电磁阀并联冗余设计,提高系统工作可靠性及系统容错能力。增压系统避免了与发动机的耦合,省去了发动机换热器,节省研制成本；同时增压系统可自行验证,提高了增压设计准确性。(A liquid oxygen temperature zone cold helium pressurization system is characterized in that a pressurization gas cylinder 3 of the system is soaked in a liquid oxygen storage box 1 and fully exchanges heat with liquid oxygen, the temperature of a pressurization medium is the same as that of a propellant, and the medium storage efficiency is improved. The arrangement of the pressurized gas cylinder 3 in the liquid oxygen storage tank 1 is close to the upper part of the storage tank, the pressurized gas cylinder 3 is exposed out of the liquid oxygen after flying for several seconds, the residual amount of gas in the pressurized gas cylinder 3 is small when the flying is finished, and the utilization rate of a medium is improved. After the pressurized gas flows out of the gas cylinder, the heat exchange of the pipeline, the pneumatic heating and the heat exchange of the gas and the fuel in the storage box are fully utilized, and the enthalpy value of the pressurized gas is improved. The parallel redundancy design of the booster solenoid valve improves the working reliability and fault-tolerant capability of the system. The supercharging system avoids the coupling with the engine, saves a heat exchanger of the engine and saves the development cost; meanwhile, the pressurization system can be verified by self, and the pressurization design accuracy is improved.)

1. The cold helium pressurization system for the liquid oxygen temperature zone is characterized by comprising a liquid oxygen storage tank (1), an inflation valve (2), a pressurization gas cylinder (3), a pressurization filter (4), a pressurization electromagnetic valve (5), a pore plate (6), an outside-tank heat exchange pipe (7), an inside-tank heat exchange pipe (8), an energy dissipater (9), a fuel tank (10), a pressure sensor (11) and a pressurization controller (12);

an external air source fills pressurized air into the pressurized air bottle (3) through the inflation valve (2); the pressurized gas cylinder (3) is soaked in the liquid oxygen storage tank (1); pressurized gas in the pressurized gas cylinder (3) sequentially passes through a pressurized filter (4), a pressurized electromagnetic valve (5), a pore plate (6), an outside-tank heat exchange pipe (7), an inside-tank heat exchange pipe (8) and an energy dissipater (9) and enters a fuel tank (10); the pressurizing electromagnetic valve (5) and the orifice plate (6) are jointly used for controlling the flow of the pressurizing gas; the heat exchange tube (7) outside the box is used for heat exchange between the pressurized gas and the external air; the tank inner heat exchange pipe (8) is used for heat exchange between the pressurized gas and the fuel in the fuel tank (10); the energy dissipater (9) is used for reducing the kinetic energy of the pressurized gas and controlling the airflow direction of the pressurized gas; the heat exchange tube (8) and the energy dissipater (9) in the tank are positioned in the fuel tank (10);

the pressure sensor (11) is used for measuring the air pillow pressure in the fuel tank (10) and then sending the air pillow pressure to the pressurization controller (12); the pressure boost controller (12) is used for controlling the pressure boost electromagnetic valve (5).

2. The system according to claim 1, further comprising a safety valve (14); the relief valve (14) is mounted on the fuel tank (10); the relief valve (14) is opened if the air pillow pressure in the fuel tank (10) is greater than or equal to a preset relief pressure, otherwise the relief valve (14) remains closed.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein said pressurized gas is helium gas, but not limited to helium gas.

4. The system for cold helium pressurization in a liquid oxygen temperature zone according to claim 3, characterized in that the temperature of helium gas in the pressurization gas cylinder (3) is not more than 92K, and the pressure is not lower than 21 MPa.

5. The system for pressurizing cold helium in a liquid oxygen temperature zone according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a first bracket, wherein the pressurizing gas cylinder (3) is fixedly soaked in the liquid oxygen storage tank (1) through the first bracket.

6. The system for pressurizing cold helium in a liquid oxygen temperature zone according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pressurizing gas cylinder (3) is positioned in the liquid oxygen storage tank (1) and close to one end of a gas pillow of the liquid oxygen storage tank (1).

7. The system for increasing the pressure of cold helium in a liquid oxygen temperature zone according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the energy dissipater (9) adopts a bell mouth structure, and the outlet direction of the energy dissipater (9) is parallel to the axis of the fuel tank (10); and a plurality of layers of screens are arranged at the outlet of the energy dissipater (9).

8. The system for increasing the pressure of cold helium in a liquid oxygen temperature zone according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the heat exchange tubes (7) outside the tank and the heat exchange tubes (8) inside the tank are both of S-shaped or L-shaped design, so that the length of the corresponding pipeline is increased.

9. The system for increasing the pressure of cold helium in a liquid oxygen temperature zone according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pressure sensor (11) measures the pressure of the air pillow in the fuel tank (10) in three ways at the same time, and the pressurization controller (12) determines the real pressure of the air pillow in the fuel tank (10) by a two-out-of-three method.

10. The system for pressurizing cold helium in a liquid oxygen temperature zone according to claim 9, characterized in that the pressurizing electromagnetic valve (5) adopts a multi-path parallel method; the boost controller (12) controls the boost electromagnetic valve (5) to be fully or partially opened according to the real air pillow pressure in the fuel tank (10).

Technical Field

The invention relates to a cold helium pressurization system at a liquid oxygen temperature zone, in particular to a pressurization system for a low-temperature liquid carrier rocket.

Background

The storage tank air storage type pressurization system of the liquid rocket is a mode that a pressurization medium stored in an air storage device on the rocket in advance enters a storage tank at a certain flow rate for pressurization. According to different gas storage modes of the gas cylinder, gas storage pressurization of the gas cylinder can be divided into three pressurization modes of normal-temperature high-pressure gas state, low-temperature high-pressure gas state and low-temperature low-pressure liquid state storage. At present, the common gas storage type pressurization system at home and abroad mainly comprises normal-temperature high-pressure gas pressurization and low-temperature high-pressure gas pressurization. The normal-temperature high-pressure gaseous pressurization means that a pressurizing medium is stored in a high-pressure gas cylinder at normal temperature, when pressurization is needed, gas in the gas cylinder is conveyed to a storage tank for pressurization, and the pressurizing gas can be heated before entering the storage tank so as to improve the pressurization efficiency. The low-temperature high-pressure gas pressurization means that a high-pressure gas cylinder is stored in a low-temperature propellant, so that higher gas storage density is obtained, the number or the volume of pressurized gas storage cylinders can be reduced, and the effective load of the rocket is increased.

The low temperature storage of the pressurized medium solves the problem of storage efficiency, but the final pressurization efficiency depends on the average temperature of the air pillow in the pressurized storage tank, and the higher the temperature, the higher the pressurization efficiency. Therefore, the pressurized gas generally needs to be heated by a high-temperature heating element such as an engine and then enters the storage tank. However, this solution is too dependent on the engine and requires a test verification associated with the engine to determine whether the final system design is correct, whereas the system test without the engine is difficult to simulate accurately. In addition, the pressurized gas enters the heat exchanger of the engine, so that certain pressure loss exists, the amount of the residual gas is large, and part of pressurized medium is wasted.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the cold helium pressurizing system for liquid oxygen temperature zone has pressurized gas cylinder soaked inside liquid oxygen storing box, pressurized gas stored inside the pressurized gas cylinder, and filtering unit to enter the flow regulating system comprising pressurized solenoid valve and orifice plate. The opening and closing of each path of the booster electromagnetic valve are controlled by the pressure of the storage tank, different pressure bands are arranged in each path, and the control signals adopt three paths of pressure sensors arranged on the top of the tank. The pressurized gas exchanges heat with the atmosphere through the heat exchange tube outside the tank or is pneumatically heated and heated in the flight process, and enters the kerosene storage tank air pillow for pressurization after entering the kerosene tank heat exchange tube to exchange heat with the kerosene. The invention has the advantages of low pressure of the gas source, small volume of the gas source, light structure weight, no need of pressurized gas entering the engine, no coupling with the engine in the design process and capability of completing test verification by a self-forming system.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a cold helium pressurization system of a liquid oxygen temperature zone comprises a liquid oxygen storage tank, an inflation valve, a pressurization gas cylinder, a pressurization filter, a pressurization electromagnetic valve, a pore plate, an outside-tank heat exchange pipe, an inside-tank heat exchange pipe, an energy dissipater, a fuel tank, a pressure sensor and a pressurization controller;

an external gas source charges pressurized gas into the pressurized gas cylinder through the charging valve; the pressurized gas cylinder is soaked in the liquid oxygen storage box; the pressurized gas in the pressurized gas cylinder sequentially passes through a pressurized filter, a pressurized electromagnetic valve, a pore plate, an outside-tank heat exchange pipe, an inside-tank heat exchange pipe and an energy dissipater to enter the fuel tank; the pressurizing electromagnetic valve and the orifice plate are jointly used for controlling the flow of the pressurizing gas; the heat exchange tube outside the box is used for heat exchange between the pressurized gas and the external air; the heat exchange tube in the tank is used for heat exchange between the pressurized gas and the fuel in the fuel tank; the energy dissipater is used for reducing the kinetic energy of the pressurized gas and controlling the airflow direction of the pressurized gas; the heat exchange tube and the energy dissipater in the tank are positioned in the fuel tank;

the pressure sensor is used for measuring the air pillow pressure in the fuel tank and then sending the air pillow pressure to the pressurization controller; the boost controller is used for controlling the boost electromagnetic valve.

Preferably, the device further comprises a safety valve; the safety valve is mounted on the fuel tank; and if the air pillow pressure in the fuel tank is greater than or equal to the preset safety pressure, the safety valve is opened, otherwise, the safety valve is kept closed.

Preferably, the pressurized gas is helium, but not limited to.

Preferably, the temperature of helium in the pressurized gas cylinder is not more than 92K, and the pressure is not lower than 21 MPa.

Preferably, the device also comprises a first bracket, and the pressurized gas cylinder is fixedly soaked in the liquid oxygen storage tank through the first bracket.

Preferably, the pressurized gas cylinder is positioned in the liquid oxygen storage tank and close to one end of the gas pillow of the liquid oxygen storage tank.

Preferably, the energy dissipater adopts a bell mouth structure, and the outlet direction of the energy dissipater is parallel to the axis of the fuel tank; and a plurality of layers of screens are arranged at the outlet of the energy dissipater.

Preferably, the heat exchange tubes outside and inside the box are both in S-shaped or reversed-shaped design, so that the length of corresponding pipelines is increased.

Preferably, the pressure sensor measures the pressure of the air pillow in the three fuel tanks at the same time, and the pressurization controller judges the real pressure of the air pillow in the fuel tank by adopting a two-out-of-three method.

Preferably, the pressurization electromagnetic valve adopts a multi-path parallel method; and the boost controller controls the boost electromagnetic valve to be fully or partially opened according to the real pressure of the air pillow in the fuel tank.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention provides a cold helium pressurizing system at a liquid oxygen temperature area, wherein a cold helium pressurizing gas cylinder of the system is soaked in a liquid oxygen storage box and fully exchanges heat with liquid oxygen, the temperature of a pressurizing medium is basically the same as that of a propellant, and the medium storage efficiency is improved. The pressurized gas cylinder is arranged in the tank and is close to the upper part of the storage tank, the pressurized gas cylinder is exposed from the liquid oxygen after flying for several seconds, the residual amount of gas in the cold helium cylinder is small when the flight is finished, the pressurized gas in the gas cylinder is fully utilized, and the utilization rate of a medium is improved. After the cold helium gas flows out of the gas cylinder, the heat exchange of the pipeline, the pneumatic heating and the heat exchange of the gas and the fuel in the storage box are fully utilized, and the enthalpy value of the pressurized gas is improved. The parallel redundancy design of the booster solenoid valve improves the working reliability and fault-tolerant capability of the system. The orifice plate of the booster solenoid valve can be adjusted in any way, and the adaptability of the system is improved. The pressure system avoids the coupling with the engine, saves a heat exchanger of the engine, saves the development cost, can be automatically verified under the condition of not having the engine, and improves the accuracy of the pressurization design.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a liquid oxygen temperature zone chilled helium pressurization system of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.