阅读说明：本技术 一种显示模组、驱动方法及显示装置 (Display module, driving method and display device ) 是由 周俊 于 2019-11-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明实施例公开了一种显示模组、驱动方法及显示装置。该显示模组包括：显示面板；第一偏光片,其透光轴平行于第一方向；染料液晶面板,其中第一取向膜和第二取向膜均为水平配向且第一取向膜和第二取向膜的配向方向均与第一方向平行或垂直；染料液晶面板包括阵列排列的多个染料液晶单元；染料液晶单元与子像素单元一一对应设置；加电状态下,驱动液晶分子和染料分子面内旋转至长轴与第一方向垂直或平行；使染料液晶单元处于偏振光吸收态或偏振光透过态。本发明实施例解决了现有显示面板受外界光干扰对比度降低及反射率过高问题,在保证显示面板正常显示的基础上,改善了显示模组在显示状态下的对比度,增加了显示模组在非显示状态下的黑态纯度。(The embodiment of the invention discloses a display module, a driving method and a display device. This display module assembly includes: a display panel; a first polarizer having a transmission axis parallel to the first direction; the dye liquid crystal panel is characterized in that the first alignment film and the second alignment film are horizontally aligned, and the alignment directions of the first alignment film and the second alignment film are parallel or vertical to the first direction; the dye liquid crystal panel comprises a plurality of dye liquid crystal units arranged in an array; the dye liquid crystal units and the sub-pixel units are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner; under the power-on state, driving the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules to rotate in the plane until the long axes are vertical or parallel to the first direction; and enabling the dye liquid crystal unit to be in a polarized light absorption state or a polarized light transmission state. The embodiment of the invention solves the problems of contrast reduction and over-high reflectivity of the existing display panel due to external light interference, improves the contrast of the display module in the display state on the basis of ensuring the normal display of the display panel, and increases the black state purity of the display module in the non-display state.)

1. A display module, comprising:

the display panel comprises a plurality of sub-pixel units arranged in an array;

the first polaroid is positioned on the light emitting side of the display panel, and the transmission axis of the first polaroid is parallel to the first direction;

the dye liquid crystal panel is positioned between the first polarizer and the display panel and sequentially comprises a first substrate, a dye liquid crystal layer and a second substrate along a light emitting direction; the dye liquid crystal layer comprises liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules;

a first alignment film is arranged on the surface of one side, facing the dye liquid crystal layer, of the first substrate, and a second alignment film is arranged on the surface of one side, facing the dye liquid crystal layer, of the second substrate; the first alignment film and the second alignment film are both horizontally aligned and the alignment directions of the first alignment film and the second alignment film are both parallel or perpendicular to the first direction;

the dye liquid crystal panel comprises a plurality of dye liquid crystal units arranged in an array; the dye liquid crystal units and the sub-pixel units are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner; in each dye liquid crystal unit, a first driving electrode and a second driving electrode are further arranged between the first substrate and the first alignment film; in an electrified state, the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode form a transverse electric field to drive the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules to rotate in plane until long axes are vertical or parallel to the first direction; when the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are parallel to the first direction, the dye liquid crystal cell is in a polarized light absorption state; when the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are vertical to the first direction, the dye liquid crystal unit is in a polarized light transmission state;

when the sub-pixel units of the display panel are in a dark state, driving the dye liquid crystal panel to enable the dye liquid crystal units corresponding to the sub-pixel units in the dark state to be in a polarized light absorption state; and when the sub-pixel units of the display panel are in a bright state, driving the dye liquid crystal panel to enable the dye liquid crystal units corresponding to the sub-pixel units in the bright state to be in a polarized light transmission state.

2. The display module according to claim 1, wherein the first driving electrode comprises a plurality of first sub-driving electrodes, the second driving electrode comprises a plurality of second sub-driving electrodes, and an orthogonal projection of the first sub-driving electrode on the first substrate is located between orthogonal projections of two adjacent second sub-driving electrodes on the first substrate;

or, the second driving electrode is located on one side of the first driving electrode, which deviates from the dye liquid crystal layer, the first driving electrode comprises a plurality of first sub-driving electrodes, the first sub-driving electrodes are sequentially arranged at intervals, and the orthographic projection of the first sub-driving electrodes on the first substrate is located in the orthographic projection of the second driving electrode on the first substrate.

3. A display module, comprising:

the display panel comprises a plurality of sub-pixel units arranged in an array;

the first polaroid is positioned on the light emitting side of the display panel, and the transmission axis of the first polaroid is parallel to the first direction;

the dye liquid crystal panel is positioned between the first polarizer and the display panel and sequentially comprises a first substrate, a dye liquid crystal layer and a second substrate along a light emitting direction; the dye liquid crystal layer comprises liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules; a first alignment film is arranged on the surface of one side, facing the dye liquid crystal layer, of the first substrate, and a second alignment film is arranged on the surface of one side, facing the dye liquid crystal layer, of the second substrate; the first alignment film and the second alignment film are horizontally aligned and the alignment directions of the first alignment film and the second alignment film are parallel to the first direction, or the first alignment film and the second alignment film are vertically aligned and the alignment directions of the first alignment film and the second alignment film are perpendicular to the first direction;

the dye liquid crystal panel comprises a plurality of dye liquid crystal units arranged in a matrix; the dye liquid crystal units and the sub-pixel units are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner; in each dye liquid crystal unit, a first driving electrode is arranged between the first substrate and the first orientation film, and a second driving electrode is arranged between the second substrate and the second orientation film; in an electrified state, the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode form a vertical electric field to drive the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules to rotate in a plane vertical to the first substrate until the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are vertical to or parallel to the first direction; when the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are parallel to the first direction, the dye liquid crystal cell is in a polarized light absorption state; when the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are vertical to the first direction, the dye liquid crystal unit is in a polarized light transmission state;

when the sub-pixel units of the display panel are in a dark state, driving the dye liquid crystal panel to enable the dye liquid crystal units corresponding to the sub-pixel units in the dark state to be in a polarized light absorption state; and when the sub-pixel units of the display panel are in a bright state, driving the dye liquid crystal panel to enable the dye liquid crystal units corresponding to the sub-pixel units in the bright state to be in a polarized light transmission state.

4. A display module according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the dye molecules comprise azo groups or anthraquinone groups.

5. The display module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the light-emitting surface of the first polarizer is provided with at least one antireflection film layer, and the reflected light of the antireflection film layer facing away from one side surface of the first polarizer and the reflected light of the antireflection film layer close to one side surface of the first polarizer are coherently canceled.

6. The display module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the display panel is a liquid crystal display panel, the liquid crystal display panel comprises a second polarizer located at a light-emitting side and a third polarizer departing from the light-emitting side, a transmission axis of the second polarizer is parallel to a transmission axis of the first polarizer, and a transmission axis of the third polarizer is perpendicular to the transmission axis of the second polarizer.

7. The display module of claim 6, wherein the liquid crystal display panel comprises a TN type liquid crystal display panel, an IPS type liquid crystal display panel, or an FFS type liquid crystal display panel.

8. A display module according to claim 6, wherein a backlight module is arranged on a side of the liquid crystal display panel facing away from the dye liquid crystal cell.

9. The display module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the display panel and the dye liquid crystal cell are adhesively fixed by an optical adhesive layer.

10. A display device comprising a display module according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. A driving method of a display module, for driving the display module according to claim 1 or 2; in the dye liquid crystal panel, when liquid crystal molecules are positive liquid crystal molecules, a first alignment film and a second alignment film are horizontally aligned, and the alignment directions of the first alignment film and the second alignment film are parallel to a first direction; the driving method includes:

when the sub-pixel units of the display panel are in a dark state, no driving voltage is applied to the dye liquid crystal panel, long axes of liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules are parallel to the first direction, and the dye liquid crystal unit is in a polarized light absorption state;

when the sub-pixel units of the display panel are in a bright state, a driving voltage is applied to the dye liquid crystal panel, so that in the dye liquid crystal unit corresponding to the sub-pixel unit in the bright state, a first driving electrode and a second driving electrode form a transverse electric field, the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are driven to rotate in the plane until the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are vertical to the first direction, and the dye liquid crystal unit is in a polarized light transmission state.

12. A driving method of a display module, for driving the display module according to claim 1 or 2; in the dye liquid crystal panel, when liquid crystal molecules are positive liquid crystal molecules, the first alignment film and the second alignment film are horizontally aligned, and the alignment directions of the first alignment film and the second alignment film are vertical to the first direction; the driving method includes:

when the sub-pixel units of the display panel are in a bright state, no driving voltage is applied to the dye liquid crystal panel, the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are vertical to the first direction, and the dye liquid crystal unit is in a polarized light transmission state;

when the sub-pixel units of the display panel are in a dark state, a driving voltage is applied to the dye liquid crystal panel, so that in the dye liquid crystal unit corresponding to the sub-pixel unit in the dark state, the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode form a transverse electric field, the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are driven to rotate in the plane until the long axes are parallel to the first direction, and the dye liquid crystal unit is in a polarized light absorption state.

13. A driving method of a display module, for driving the display module according to claim 3; in the dye liquid crystal panel, when liquid crystal molecules are positive liquid crystal molecules, the first alignment film and the second alignment film are horizontally aligned, and the alignment directions of the first alignment film and the second alignment film are parallel to a first direction; the driving method includes:

when the sub-pixel units of the display panel are in a dark state, no driving voltage is applied to the dye liquid crystal panel, the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are parallel to the first direction, and the dye liquid crystal unit is in a polarized light absorption state;

when the sub-pixel units of the display panel are in a bright state, a driving voltage is applied to the dye liquid crystal panel, so that in the dye liquid crystal unit corresponding to the sub-pixel unit in the bright state, the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode form a vertical electric field, the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are driven to rotate in a plane vertical to the first substrate until the long axis is vertical to the first direction, and the dye liquid crystal unit is in a polarized light transmission state.

14. A driving method of a display module, for driving the display module according to claim 3; in the dye liquid crystal panel, when liquid crystal molecules are negative liquid crystal molecules, the first alignment film and the second alignment film are vertically aligned, and the alignment directions of the first alignment film and the second alignment film are vertical to the first direction; the driving method includes:

when the sub-pixel units of the display panel are in a bright state, no driving voltage is applied to the dye liquid crystal display panel, the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are vertical to the first direction, and the dye liquid crystal unit is in a polarized light transmission state;

when the sub-pixel units of the display panel are in a dark state, a driving voltage is applied to the dye liquid crystal display panel, so that in the dye liquid crystal unit corresponding to the sub-pixel unit in the dark state, the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode form a vertical electric field, the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are driven to rotate along the direction in the vertical plane until the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are parallel to the first direction, and the dye liquid crystal unit is in a polarized light absorption state.

Technical Field

The embodiment of the invention relates to a liquid crystal display technology, in particular to a display module, a driving method and a display device.

Background

In order to improve the contrast of the liquid crystal display under strong ambient light, it is necessary to reduce the reflectance of the liquid crystal display to ambient light as much as possible.

With the development of science and technology, Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) panels are widely used, and people have higher and higher requirements on LCD, and contrast becomes a main index for improving LCD performance.

After the external light enters the liquid crystal display screen, the refractive indexes of the light propagating along the film layers are also obviously different, so that light reflection can be generated on the film layers, and the display screen is seriously reflected. An Anti-Reflection (AR) polarizer and a quarter-phase difference film are commonly used for performing Anti-Reflection in the conventional display panel, however, the AR polarizer and the quarter-phase difference film can only perform effective Anti-Reflection on light rays within a certain wavelength range, and the Anti-Reflection effect is poor under large-view observation. Therefore, under the reflection action of external light, the liquid crystal display screen is difficult to show pure black under the condition of no display, and the perception effect of the screen is greatly reduced; meanwhile, under the condition of display, the contrast of the screen is also influenced by the reflection of light, and the use effect of the LCD screen is seriously influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a display module, a driving method and a display device, which are used for weakening the interference of external light reflection on the display module, increasing the black purity of a display screen in a dark state and improving the screen contrast in a display state.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a display module, including:

the display panel comprises a plurality of sub-pixel units arranged in an array;

the first polaroid is positioned on the light emitting side of the display panel, and the transmission axis of the first polaroid is parallel to the first direction;

the dye liquid crystal panel is positioned between the first polarizer and the display panel and sequentially comprises a first substrate, a dye liquid crystal layer and a second substrate along a light emitting direction; the dye liquid crystal layer comprises liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules;

a first alignment film is arranged on the surface of one side, facing the dye liquid crystal layer, of the first substrate, and a second alignment film is arranged on the surface of one side, facing the dye liquid crystal layer, of the second substrate; the first alignment film and the second alignment film are both horizontally aligned and the alignment directions of the first alignment film and the second alignment film are both parallel or perpendicular to the first direction;

the dye liquid crystal panel comprises a plurality of dye liquid crystal units arranged in an array; the dye liquid crystal units and the sub-pixel units are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner; in each dye liquid crystal unit, a first driving electrode and a second driving electrode are further arranged between the first substrate and the first alignment film; in an electrified state, the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode form a transverse electric field to drive the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules to rotate in plane until long axes are vertical or parallel to the first direction; when the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are parallel to the first direction, the dye liquid crystal cell is in a polarized light absorption state; when the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are vertical to the first direction, the dye liquid crystal unit is in a polarized light transmission state;

when the sub-pixel units of the display panel are in a dark state, driving the dye liquid crystal panel to enable the dye liquid crystal units corresponding to the sub-pixel units in the dark state to be in a polarized light absorption state; and when the sub-pixel units of the display panel are in a bright state, driving the dye liquid crystal panel to enable the dye liquid crystal units corresponding to the sub-pixel units in the bright state to be in a polarized light transmission state.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a display module, including:

the display panel comprises a plurality of sub-pixel units arranged in an array;

the first polaroid is positioned on the light emitting side of the display panel, and the transmission axis of the first polaroid is parallel to the first direction;

the dye liquid crystal panel is positioned between the first polarizer and the display panel and sequentially comprises a first substrate, a dye liquid crystal layer and a second substrate along a light emitting direction; the dye liquid crystal layer comprises liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules; a first alignment film is arranged on the surface of one side, facing the dye liquid crystal layer, of the first substrate, and a second alignment film is arranged on the surface of one side, facing the dye liquid crystal layer, of the second substrate; the first alignment film and the second alignment film are horizontally aligned and the alignment directions of the first alignment film and the second alignment film are parallel to the first direction, or the first alignment film and the second alignment film are vertically aligned and the alignment directions of the first alignment film and the second alignment film are perpendicular to the first direction;

the dye liquid crystal panel comprises a plurality of dye liquid crystal units arranged in a matrix; the dye liquid crystal units and the sub-pixel units are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner; in each dye liquid crystal unit, a first driving electrode is arranged between the first substrate and the first orientation film, and a second driving electrode is arranged between the second substrate and the second orientation film; in an electrified state, the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode form a vertical electric field to drive the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules to rotate in a plane vertical to the first substrate until the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are vertical to or parallel to the first direction; when the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are parallel to the first direction, the dye liquid crystal cell is in a polarized light absorption state; when the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are vertical to the first direction, the dye liquid crystal unit is in a polarized light transmission state;

when the sub-pixel units of the display panel are in a dark state, driving the dye liquid crystal panel to enable the dye liquid crystal units corresponding to the sub-pixel units in the dark state to be in a polarized light absorption state; and when the sub-pixel units of the display panel are in a bright state, driving the dye liquid crystal panel to enable the dye liquid crystal units corresponding to the sub-pixel units in the bright state to be in a polarized light transmission state.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a display device, including the display module according to any one of the first aspect and the second aspect.

In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a driving method of a display module, for driving the display module according to the first aspect; in the dye liquid crystal panel, when liquid crystal molecules are positive liquid crystal molecules, a first alignment film and a second alignment film are horizontally aligned, and the alignment directions of the first alignment film and the second alignment film are parallel to a first direction; the driving method includes:

when the sub-pixel units of the display panel are in a dark state, no driving voltage is applied to the dye liquid crystal panel, long axes of liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules are parallel to the first direction, and the dye liquid crystal unit is in a polarized light absorption state;

when the sub-pixel units of the display panel are in a bright state, a driving voltage is applied to the dye liquid crystal panel, so that in the dye liquid crystal unit corresponding to the sub-pixel unit in the bright state, a first driving electrode and a second driving electrode form a transverse electric field, the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are driven to rotate in the plane until the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are vertical to the first direction, and the dye liquid crystal unit is in a polarized light transmission state.

In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a driving method of a display module, for driving the display module according to the first aspect; in the dye liquid crystal panel, when liquid crystal molecules are positive liquid crystal molecules, the first alignment film and the second alignment film are horizontally aligned, and the arrangement directions of the first alignment film and the second alignment film are vertical to a first direction; the driving method includes:

when a sub-pixel unit of the display panel is in a dark state, applying a driving voltage to the dye liquid crystal panel, so that a transverse electric field is formed by the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode in the dye liquid crystal unit corresponding to the sub-pixel unit in the dark state, the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are driven to rotate in the plane until long axes are parallel to the first direction, and the dye liquid crystal unit is in a polarized light absorption state;

when the sub-pixel units of the display panel are in a bright state, no driving voltage is applied to the dye liquid crystal panel, the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are vertical to the first direction, and the dye liquid crystal unit is in a polarized light transmission state.

In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a driving method of a display module, for driving the display module according to the second aspect; in the dye liquid crystal panel, when liquid crystal molecules are positive liquid crystal molecules, the first alignment film and the second alignment film are horizontally aligned, and the alignment directions of the first alignment film and the second alignment film are parallel to a first direction; the driving method includes:

when the sub-pixel units of the display panel are in a dark state, no driving voltage is applied to the dye liquid crystal panel, the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are parallel to the first direction, and the dye liquid crystal unit is in a polarized light absorption state;

when the sub-pixel units of the display panel are in a bright state, a driving voltage is applied to the dye liquid crystal panel, so that in the dye liquid crystal unit corresponding to the sub-pixel unit in the bright state, the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode form a vertical electric field, the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are driven to rotate in a plane vertical to the first substrate until the long axis is vertical to the first direction, and the dye liquid crystal unit is in a polarized light transmission state.

In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a driving method of a display module, for driving the display module according to the second aspect; in the dye liquid crystal panel, when liquid crystal molecules are negative liquid crystal molecules, the first alignment film and the second alignment film are vertically aligned, and the alignment directions of the first alignment film and the second alignment film are vertical to the first direction; the driving method includes:

when a sub-pixel unit of a display panel is in a dark state, applying a driving voltage to the dye liquid crystal panel to enable the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode to form a vertical electric field in the dye liquid crystal unit corresponding to the sub-pixel unit in the dark state, driving the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules to rotate in a plane vertical to a first substrate until a long axis is parallel to a first direction, wherein the dye liquid crystal unit is in a polarized light absorption state;

when the sub-pixel units of the display panel are in a bright state, no driving voltage is applied to the dye liquid crystal panel, the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are vertical to the first direction, and the dye liquid crystal unit is in a polarized light transmission state.

According to the display module, the driving method and the display device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the dye liquid crystal panel and the first polarizer are arranged on the light emergent side of the display panel, the dye liquid crystal layer formed by mixing dye molecules and liquid crystal molecules is arranged in the dye liquid crystal panel, the liquid crystal molecules are initially aligned through the first alignment film and the second alignment film, and then the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are driven to rotate by utilizing an electric field formed by the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode, so that the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are converted between the first direction and the first direction, and the conversion of the dye liquid crystal unit from a polarized light absorption state to a polarized light transmission state is realized; and, through the cooperation when the display panel sub pixel unit is the dark state, drive dyestuff liquid crystal cell and be the polarized light absorption state, when the cooperation display panel sub pixel unit is the bright state, drive dyestuff liquid crystal cell and be the polarized light transmission state, guaranteed the display panel normal demonstration basis of showing, improved the display contrast of display module assembly under the display mode, increased the black state purity of display module assembly under the non-display mode simultaneously, reduced the reflectivity under the non-display mode.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a flowchart of a driving method of a display module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another display module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a driving method of a display module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 and 6 are schematic structural diagrams of a two-dye liquid crystal panel provided by an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another display module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a driving method of a display module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another display module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a driving method of a display module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another display module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.

As described in the background section, the conventional display panel may reduce the contrast of the image display due to the interference of external light reflection; moreover, when the screen is closed, the pure black state of the screen cannot be guaranteed. In view of the above, embodiments of the present invention provide various display modules.

First, an embodiment of the present invention provides a display module, where the display module includes: the display panel comprises a plurality of sub-pixel units arranged in an array; the first polaroid is positioned on the light emergent side of the display panel, and the transmission axis of the first polaroid is parallel to the first direction; the dye liquid crystal panel is positioned between the first polarizer and the display panel and sequentially comprises a first substrate, a dye liquid crystal layer and a second substrate along the light emitting direction; the dye liquid crystal layer comprises liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules;

a first alignment film is arranged on the surface of one side, facing the dye liquid crystal layer, of the first substrate, and a second alignment film is arranged on the surface of one side, facing the dye liquid crystal layer, of the second substrate; the first orientation film and the second orientation film are horizontally aligned, and the alignment directions of the first orientation film and the second orientation film are parallel or vertical to the first direction;

the dye liquid crystal panel comprises a plurality of dye liquid crystal units arranged in an array; the dye liquid crystal units and the sub-pixel units are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner; in each dye liquid crystal unit, a first driving electrode and a second driving electrode are also arranged between the first substrate and the first orientation film; under the power-on state, the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode form a transverse electric field to drive the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules to rotate in the plane until the long axes are vertical or parallel to the first direction; when the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are parallel to the first direction, the dye liquid crystal unit is in a polarized light absorption state; when the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are vertical to the first direction, the dye liquid crystal unit is in a polarized light transmission state;

when the sub-pixel units of the display panel are in a dark state, driving the dye liquid crystal panel to enable the dye liquid crystal units corresponding to the sub-pixel units in the dark state to be in a polarized light absorption state; when the sub-pixel units of the display panel are in a bright state, the dye liquid crystal panel is driven, so that the dye liquid crystal units corresponding to the sub-pixel units in the bright state are in a polarized light transmission state.

The display panel is used for displaying normal pictures, and the sub-pixel units arranged in an array in the display panel are matched to form a display image. The display panel may be a liquid crystal display panel or an organic light emitting display panel. The dye liquid crystal panel and the first polaroid are arranged on the light emitting side of the display panel and used for selectively absorbing external light. Specifically, the first substrate and the second substrate in the dye liquid crystal panel may both be rigid transparent substrates, such as glass substrates, or may be flexible transparent substrates, which is not limited herein. Liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules are mixed in a dye liquid crystal layer of the dye liquid crystal panel, the dye molecules are constrained by molecular free energy and rotate along with the rotation of the liquid crystal molecules, and the long axis direction of the dye molecules is consistent with that of the liquid crystal molecules, so that a stable dye liquid crystal layer is formed. The first alignment film and the second alignment film in the dye liquid crystal panel may be made of organic resin or the like by rubbing alignment or photo-alignment, which is not limited herein.

By setting the alignment directions of the first alignment film and the second alignment film, the initial state of the liquid crystal molecules can be adjusted. For example, when the first alignment film and the second alignment film are horizontally aligned and the alignment direction of the first alignment film and the second alignment film is parallel to the first direction, the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules is parallel to the first direction, so that the initial state of each dye liquid crystal cell in the dye liquid crystal panel is a polarized light absorption state; when the alignment directions of the first alignment film and the second alignment film are vertical to the first direction, the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are vertical to the first direction, so that the initial state of each dye liquid crystal unit in the dye liquid crystal panel is a polarized light transmission state.

Meanwhile, the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode of the dye liquid crystal panel, which are disposed on the same substrate, may form a transverse electric field, so as to drive the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules to rotate in-plane, i.e., in a plane parallel to the first substrate, and when the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are driven to rotate in-plane by 90 °, the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules may be changed from being parallel to the first direction to being perpendicular, or from being perpendicular to the first direction to being parallel. That is, under the driving of the electric field of the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode, each dye liquid crystal unit can be switched between a polarized light absorption state and a polarized light transmission state. On the basis, the contrast and the antireflection effect of the display module can be improved by matching the display process of the display panel. Specifically, when the sub-pixel unit of the display panel is in a dark state, the corresponding dye liquid crystal unit is driven to be in a polarized light absorption state, and at the moment, the sub-pixel unit and the area where the dye liquid crystal unit is located can absorb the polarized light penetrating through the first polarizer, so that the sub-pixel unit has a purer black state. When the sub-pixel units of the display panel are in a bright state, the corresponding dye liquid crystal units are driven to be in a polarized light transmission state, at the moment, the areas where the sub-pixel units and the dye liquid crystal units are located not only transmit light emitted by the display panel, but also enable external light to transmit, and when the external light is reflected by each film layer, the brightness of the sub-pixel units can be increased, so that the sub-pixel units have higher brightness. Based on this, according to the fact that the display contrast is equal to the ratio of the brightness of the bright-state sub-pixel unit to the brightness of the dark-state sub-pixel unit, the display module can achieve enhancement of the contrast in the display state and a purer black state in the non-display state, and the improvement of the contrast and the black state of the display panel does not have dependence on the viewing angle and the wavelength because the absorption of the dye molecules to light rays with various wavelengths does not have difference. According to the display module provided by the embodiment of the invention, the dye liquid crystal panel and the first polarizer are arranged on the light emergent side of the display panel, the dye liquid crystal layer formed by mixing dye molecules and liquid crystal molecules is arranged in the dye liquid crystal panel, the liquid crystal molecules are initially horizontally aligned through the first alignment film and the second alignment film, and then the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are driven to rotate in the plane by utilizing the transverse electric field formed by the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode, so that the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are converted between the first direction and the first direction, and the conversion from the polarized light absorption state to the polarized light transmission state of the dye liquid crystal unit is realized; and, when the display panel sub-pixel unit is in the dark state, the dye liquid crystal unit is driven to be in the polarized light absorption state, and when the display panel sub-pixel unit is in the bright state, the dye liquid crystal unit is driven to be in the polarized light transmission state, so that the display contrast of the display module in the display state is improved on the basis of ensuring normal display of the display panel, and the black purity of the display module in the non-display state is increased.

In the above scheme, the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules in the dye liquid crystal layer are based on a positive liquid crystal and a positive dye, that is, the characteristics that the long axis direction of the positive liquid crystal is consistent with the electric field direction under the driving of the electric field, and the positive dye absorbs polarized light parallel to the long axis direction are utilized. In the above scheme, a negative liquid crystal and a negative dye can be selected, and the characteristic that the long axis direction of the negative liquid crystal is perpendicular to the electric field direction and the negative dye absorbs polarized light parallel to the short axis direction of the negative liquid crystal under the driving of the electric field is utilized. Obviously, for negative liquid crystal molecules, the structure of each functional layer in the dye-pigment liquid crystal panel arranged correspondingly is different from that when positive liquid crystal molecules are adopted. For example, since the alignment direction of the first alignment film and the second alignment film determines the long axis alignment of the negative liquid crystal molecules and the negative dye molecules in the initial or non-energized state, the position arrangement of the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode determines the direction of the electric field when energized, that is, determines the orientation change of the long axis after the negative liquid crystal molecules and the negative dye liquid crystal molecules are driven by the electric field. Based on this, those skilled in the art can also use negative liquid crystal and negative dye to realize the beneficial effects of the present invention by reasonably setting the structures of the functional layers, and the details are not repeated herein.

The above is the core idea of the first type of display module provided by the present invention, and the technical solution in the above embodiment will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 1, the display module includes: a display panel 10 including a plurality of sub-pixel units 11 arranged in an array; a first polarizer 21 located on the light emitting side of the display panel 10, wherein a transmission axis of the first polarizer 21 is parallel to a first direction 100 (a direction perpendicular to the paper as shown in the figure); the dye liquid crystal panel 30 is positioned between the first polarizer 21 and the display panel 10, and the dye liquid crystal panel 30 sequentially comprises a first substrate 311, a dye liquid crystal layer 32 and a second substrate 312 along the light emitting direction; the dye liquid crystal layer 32 includes liquid crystal molecules 321 and dye molecules 322;

a first alignment film 331 is disposed on a side surface of the first substrate 311 facing the dye liquid crystal layer 32, and a second alignment film 332 is disposed on a side surface of the second substrate 312 facing the dye liquid crystal layer 32; the first and second alignment films 331 and 332 are horizontally aligned and the alignment directions of the first and second alignment films 321 and 322 are parallel to the first direction 100, as shown in the drawing, the first and second alignment films 321 and 322 are formed by rubbing alignment in the first direction 100; the non-energized state of the liquid crystal molecules 321 and the dye molecules 322 is in a flat state, and the long axis direction is perpendicular to the paper.

The dye liquid crystal panel 30 includes a plurality of dye liquid crystal cells 300 arranged in an array; the dye liquid crystal cells 300 and the sub-pixel cells 11 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence; in each dye liquid crystal cell 300, a first driving electrode 341 and a second driving electrode 342 are further disposed between the first substrate 311 and the first alignment film 331; in the energized state, the first driving electrode 341 and the second driving electrode 342 form a transverse electric field to drive the liquid crystal molecules 321 and the dye molecules 321 to rotate in plane until the major axes are perpendicular to the first direction 100, and at this time, the liquid crystal molecules 321 and the dye molecules 322 are still in the flat lying state, but the major axes are parallel to the paper surface; when the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules 321 and the dye molecules 321 are parallel to the first direction 100, the dye liquid crystal cell 300 is in a polarized light absorption state; when the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules 321 and the dye molecules 321 are perpendicular to the first direction 100, the dye liquid crystal cell 300 is in a polarized light transmission state;

as shown in the sub-pixel unit a, when the sub-pixel unit 11 of the display panel is in a dark state, the dye liquid crystal panel 30 is driven, so that the dye liquid crystal unit 300 corresponding to the sub-pixel unit 11 in the dark state is in a polarized light absorption state; as shown in the sub-pixel unit b, when the sub-pixel unit 11 of the display panel 10 is in a bright state, the dye liquid crystal panel 300 is driven, so that the dye liquid crystal cell 300 corresponding to the sub-pixel unit 11 in the bright state is in a polarized light transmission state.

It should be noted that, the fixed installation of the display panel 10 and the dye liquid crystal panel 30 needs to ensure the precise alignment of the sub-pixel units 11 and the dye liquid crystal units 300, so as to ensure that the dye liquid crystal units 300 transmit or absorb the light emitted from the corresponding sub-pixel units 11. The display panel 10 and the dye liquid crystal panel 30 can be aligned and mounted by respectively setting alignment marks thereon, so as to perform alignment and lamination, and further description is omitted.

For the display module shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the invention further provides a driving method of the display module. Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a driving method of a display module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, in a dye liquid crystal panel in the display module, liquid crystal molecules adopt positive liquid crystal molecules, and the driving method of the display module includes:

s110, when the sub-pixel units of the display panel are in a dark state, no driving voltage is applied to the dye liquid crystal panel, long axes of liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules are parallel to the first direction, and the dye liquid crystal units are in a polarized light absorption state;

as shown in fig. 1, when displaying a picture, the sub-pixel unit a is in a dark state, and the sub-pixel unit b is in a bright state. Correspondingly, in the dye liquid crystal panel 30 of the display module, since the first alignment film 331 and the second alignment film 332 are horizontally aligned, and the alignment directions of the first alignment film 331 and the second alignment film 332 are parallel to the first direction 100, at this time, the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules 321 and the dye molecules 322 are parallel to the first direction 100, and the dye molecules 322 absorb polarized light parallel to the first direction 100, the dye liquid crystal cell 300 in the dye liquid crystal panel is in a polarized light absorption state in an unpowered state, as shown in the dye liquid crystal cell a. At this time, the dye liquid crystal cell a absorbs the external light transmitted by the first polarizer, so that the sub-pixel cell a neither emits light nor reflects the external light, and thus the sub-pixel cell a has a purer black state.

And S120, when the sub-pixel units of the display panel are in a bright state, applying a driving voltage to the dye liquid crystal panel to enable the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode to form a transverse electric field in the dye liquid crystal unit corresponding to the sub-pixel units in the bright state, driving the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules to rotate in the plane until the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are vertical to the first direction, and enabling the dye liquid crystal unit to be in a polarized light transmission state.

With continued reference to fig. 1, in the energized state, the liquid crystal molecules 321 and the dye molecules 322 are driven by the transverse electric field formed by the first driving electrode 341 and the second driving electrode 342 to rotate 90 ° in the plane, and at this time, the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules 321 and the dye molecules 322 are perpendicular to the first direction 100, and the dye molecules 322 do not absorb the polarized light parallel to the first direction 100, so that the dye liquid crystal cell 300 does not absorb the linearly polarized light transmitted through the first polarizer 21 and is in a polarized light transmitting state, as shown in the dye liquid crystal cell B.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another display module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 3, the display module includes: a display panel 10 including a plurality of sub-pixel units 11 arranged in an array; a first polarizer 21 located on the light emitting side of the display panel 10, wherein a transmission axis of the first polarizer 21 is parallel to the first direction 100; the dye liquid crystal panel 30 is positioned between the first polarizer 21 and the display panel 10, and the dye liquid crystal panel 30 sequentially comprises a first substrate 311, a dye liquid crystal layer 32 and a second substrate 312 along the light emitting direction; the dye liquid crystal layer 32 includes liquid crystal molecules 321 and dye molecules 322;

a first alignment film 331 is disposed on a side surface of the first substrate 311 facing the dye liquid crystal layer 32, and a second alignment film 332 is disposed on a side surface of the second substrate 312 facing the dye liquid crystal layer 32; the first and second alignment films 331 and 332 are both horizontally aligned and the alignment directions of the first and second alignment films 321 and 322 are both perpendicular to the first direction 100, i.e., the first and second alignment films 321 and 322 are formed by rubbing alignment perpendicular to the first direction 100;

the dye liquid crystal panel 30 includes a plurality of dye liquid crystal cells 300 arranged in an array; the dye liquid crystal cells 300 and the sub-pixel cells 11 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence; in each dye liquid crystal cell 300, a first driving electrode 341 and a second driving electrode 342 are further disposed between the first substrate 311 and the first alignment film 331; in the energized state, the first driving electrode 341 and the second driving electrode 342 form a transverse electric field to drive the liquid crystal molecules 321 and the dye molecules 321 to rotate in plane until the long axes are parallel to the first direction 100; when the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules 321 and the dye molecules 321 are parallel to the first direction 100, the dye liquid crystal cell is in a polarized light absorption state; when the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules 321 and the dye molecules 321 are perpendicular to the first direction 100, the dye liquid crystal cell 300 is in a polarized light transmission state;

as shown in the sub-pixel unit c, when the sub-pixel unit 11 of the display panel is in a dark state, the dye liquid crystal panel 30 is driven, so that the dye liquid crystal unit 300 corresponding to the sub-pixel unit 11 in the dark state is in a polarized light absorption state; as shown in the sub-pixel unit d, when the sub-pixel unit 11 of the display panel 10 is in a bright state, the dye liquid crystal panel 300 is driven, so that the dye liquid crystal cell 300 corresponding to the sub-pixel unit 11 in the bright state is in a polarized light transmission state.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a driving method of the display module shown in fig. 3. Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a driving method of a display module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 3 and 4, in a dye liquid crystal panel in the display module, liquid crystal molecules adopt positive liquid crystal molecules, and the driving method of the display module includes:

s210, when the sub-pixel units of the display panel are in a bright state, no driving voltage is applied to the dye liquid crystal panel, long axes of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are vertical to the first direction, and the dye liquid crystal unit is in a polarized light transmission state.

As shown in fig. 3, when displaying the image, the sub-pixel unit c is in a dark state, and the sub-pixel unit d is in a bright state. Correspondingly, in the dye liquid crystal panel in the display module, since the first alignment film 331 and the second alignment film 332 are horizontally aligned, the alignment direction of the first alignment film 331 and the second alignment film 332 is perpendicular to the first direction 100, the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules 321 and the dye molecules 322 is perpendicular to the first direction 100, and the dye molecules 322 do not absorb polarized light parallel to the first direction 100, the dye liquid crystal cell 300 in the dye liquid crystal panel is in a polarized light transmission state in an unpowered state, as shown in the dye liquid crystal cell D.

And S220, when the sub-pixel unit of the display panel is in a dark state, applying a driving voltage to the dye liquid crystal panel to enable the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode to form a transverse electric field in the dye liquid crystal unit corresponding to the sub-pixel unit in the dark state, driving the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules to rotate in the plane until the long axes are parallel to the first direction, and enabling the dye liquid crystal unit to be in a polarized light absorption state.

With continued reference to fig. 3, in the powered state, the liquid crystal molecules 321 and the dye molecules 322 are driven by the transverse electric field formed by the first driving electrode 341 and the second driving electrode 342 to rotate 90 ° in the plane, at this time, the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules 321 and the dye molecules 322 are parallel to the first direction 100, the dye molecules 322 absorb the polarized light parallel to the first direction 100, at this time, the dye liquid crystal cell C absorbs the external light transmitted by the first polarizer 21, so that the sub-pixel cell C neither emits nor reflects the external light, and thus the sub-pixel cell C has a purer black state.

In the above embodiment, in the two display modules shown in fig. 1 and fig. 3, due to the different arrangement directions of the alignment films, the dye liquid crystal cells in the two display modules are in the polarized light absorption state and the polarized light transmission state respectively under the condition that no voltage is applied to the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode. In view of the power consumption of the display module, it is preferable to use the display module as shown in fig. 1, in which the first alignment film and the second alignment film are horizontally aligned and the alignment directions of the first alignment film and the second alignment film are parallel to the first direction. At this time, when the sub-pixel unit of the display panel is in a dark state, the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode do not need to be applied with voltage, so that power consumption can be saved.

In the display module of the above embodiment, in the dye liquid crystal panel 30, the first driving electrode 341 and the second driving electrode 342 disposed in the dye liquid crystal display unit 300 are disposed on the same substrate, so as to form a transverse electric field to drive the liquid crystal molecules to rotate. Specifically, the first driving electrode 341 and the second driving electrode 342 may be disposed in various manners.

Fig. 5 and fig. 6 are schematic structural diagrams of two dye liquid crystal panels according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 5, in the dye liquid crystal panel, a first driving electrode includes a plurality of first sub driving electrodes 3410, a second driving electrode includes a plurality of second sub driving electrodes 3420, and an orthogonal projection of the first sub driving electrode 3410 on a first substrate 311 is located between orthogonal projections of two adjacent second sub driving electrodes 3420 on the first substrate 311. Referring to fig. 6, in the dye liquid crystal panel, the second driving electrode 342 is located on a side of the first driving electrode 341 away from the dye liquid crystal layer 32, the first driving electrode 341 includes a plurality of first sub driving electrodes 3410, the plurality of first sub driving electrodes 3410 are sequentially arranged at intervals, and an orthographic projection of the first sub driving electrodes 3410 on a plane where the first substrate 311 is located in an orthographic projection of the second driving electrode 342 on a plane where the first substrate 311 is located.

In the dye liquid crystal panel shown in fig. 5, the first sub driving electrode and the second sub driving electrode may be disposed on the same film layer, or may be disposed on different layers. And when the different layers are arranged, an insulating layer needs to be arranged between the first sub-driving electrode and the second sub-driving electrode so as to ensure that the first sub-driving electrode and the second sub-driving electrode are mutually insulated. Similarly, for the dye liquid crystal panel shown in fig. 6, an insulating layer is disposed between the first sub driving electrode 3410 and the second driving electrode 342 to satisfy the requirement of insulation.

In addition to the driving electrode arrangement schemes shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6, a person skilled in the art can also perform reasonable position adjustment on the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode, so that the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode generate a transverse electric field when applying a voltage, and drive the liquid crystal molecules to realize in-plane rotation, which is not described herein again.

The embodiment of the invention also provides another display module. In the display module, a display panel comprises a plurality of sub-pixel units which are arranged in an array; the first polaroid is positioned on the light emergent side of the display panel, and the transmission axis of the first polaroid is parallel to the first direction;

the dye liquid crystal panel is positioned between the first polarizer and the display panel and sequentially comprises a first substrate, a dye liquid crystal layer and a second substrate along the light emitting direction; the dye liquid crystal layer comprises liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules; a first alignment film is arranged on the surface of one side, facing the dye liquid crystal layer, of the first substrate, and a second alignment film is arranged on the surface of one side, facing the dye liquid crystal layer, of the second substrate; the first orientation film and the second orientation film are horizontally aligned, and the alignment directions of the first orientation film and the second orientation film are parallel to the first direction, or the first orientation film and the second orientation film are vertically aligned, and the arrangement directions of the first orientation film and the second orientation film are vertical to the first direction;

the dye liquid crystal panel comprises a plurality of dye liquid crystal units arranged in a matrix; the dye liquid crystal units and the sub-pixel units are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner; in each dye liquid crystal unit, a first driving electrode is arranged between the first substrate and the first orientation film, and a second driving electrode is arranged between the second substrate and the second orientation film; under the power-on state, the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode form a vertical electric field to drive the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules to rotate in a plane vertical to the first substrate until the long axes are vertical or parallel to the first direction; when the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are parallel to the first direction, the dye liquid crystal unit is in a polarized light absorption state; when the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are vertical to the first direction, the dye liquid crystal unit is in a polarized light transmission state;

when the sub-pixel units of the display panel are in a dark state, driving the dye liquid crystal panel to enable the dye liquid crystal units corresponding to the sub-pixel units in the dark state to be in a polarized light absorption state; when the sub-pixel units of the display panel are in a bright state, the dye liquid crystal panel is driven, so that the dye liquid crystal units corresponding to the sub-pixel units in the bright state are in a polarized light transmission state.

The dye liquid crystal panel and the first polarizer arranged on the light emitting side of the display panel are also used for selectively absorbing external light. Specifically, liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules are mixed in a dye liquid crystal layer of the dye liquid crystal panel, and the dye molecules are constrained by molecular free energy and rotate along with the rotation of the liquid crystal molecules, so that the long axis direction of the dye molecules is consistent with that of the liquid crystal molecules, and a stable dye liquid crystal layer is formed. By setting the alignment directions of the first alignment film and the second alignment film, the initial state of the liquid crystal molecules can be adjusted. For example, when the alignment direction of the first alignment film and the alignment direction of the second alignment film are parallel to the first direction, the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are in a lying state, and the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules is parallel to the first direction, so that the initial state of each dye liquid crystal unit in the dye liquid crystal panel is a polarized light absorption state; the first alignment film and the second alignment film are vertically aligned, and when the arrangement direction of the first alignment film and the second alignment film is perpendicular to the first direction, the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are in an upright state, and at the moment, the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules is perpendicular to the first direction, so that the initial state of each dye liquid crystal unit in the dye liquid crystal panel is a polarized light transmission state.

Different from the first type of display module, the dye liquid crystal panel in the display module is provided with a first driving electrode and a second driving electrode on a first substrate and a second substrate respectively, so that a vertical electric field can be formed to drive liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules to rotate in a plane vertical to the substrates. When the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are driven to rotate by 90 °, the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules may be changed from being parallel to the first direction to being perpendicular, or from being perpendicular to the first direction to being parallel. That is, under the driving of the electric field of the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode, each dye liquid crystal unit can be switched between a polarized light absorption state and a polarized light transmission state. On the basis, the contrast and the antireflection effect of the display module can be improved by matching the display process of the display panel. Similarly, when the sub-pixel unit of the display panel is in a dark state, the corresponding dye liquid crystal unit is driven to be in a polarized light absorption state, and at the moment, the sub-pixel unit and the area where the dye liquid crystal unit is located can absorb the polarized light which penetrates through the first polarizer, so that the sub-pixel unit has a purer black state. When the sub-pixel units of the display panel are in a bright state, the corresponding dye liquid crystal units are driven to be in a polarized light transmission state, at the moment, the areas where the sub-pixel units and the dye liquid crystal units are located not only transmit light emitted by the display panel, but also enable external light to transmit, and when the external light is reflected by each film layer, the brightness of the sub-pixel units can be increased, so that the sub-pixel units have higher brightness. Based on this, this display module assembly can realize the contrast under the display state reinforcing and the black state of purer under the non-display state to, because the absorption of dye molecule to the light of each wavelength does not have the difference, therefore make the improvement of display panel contrast and black state have not had the dependence to visual angle and wavelength.

According to the display module provided by the embodiment of the invention, the dye liquid crystal panel and the first polarizer are arranged on the light emergent side of the display panel, the dye liquid crystal layer formed by mixing dye molecules and liquid crystal molecules is arranged in the dye liquid crystal panel, the liquid crystal molecules are subjected to initial horizontal or vertical alignment through the first alignment film and the second alignment film, and then the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are driven to rotate in the plane vertical to the first substrate by utilizing the vertical electric field formed by the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode, so that the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are converted between the first direction and the first direction, and the conversion from the polarized light absorption state to the polarized light transmission state of the dye liquid crystal unit is realized; and, when the display panel sub-pixel unit is in the dark state, the dye liquid crystal unit is driven to be in the polarized light absorption state, and when the display panel sub-pixel unit is in the bright state, the dye liquid crystal unit is driven to be in the polarized light transmission state, so that the display contrast of the display module in the display state is improved on the basis of ensuring normal display of the display panel, and the black purity of the display module in the non-display state is increased.

The above is the core idea of the second type of display module provided by the present invention, and the technical solution in the above embodiment will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another display module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 7, the display module includes: a display panel 10, the display panel 10 including a plurality of sub-pixel units 11 arranged in an array; a first polarizer 21 located on the light emitting side of the display panel 10, wherein a transmission axis of the first polarizer 21 is parallel to a first direction 100 (perpendicular to the paper as shown in the figure);

the dye liquid crystal panel 30 is positioned between the first polarizer 21 and the display panel 10, and the dye liquid crystal panel 30 sequentially comprises a first substrate 311, a dye liquid crystal layer 32 and a second substrate 312 along the light emitting direction; the dye liquid crystal layer 32 includes liquid crystal molecules 321 and dye molecules 322; a first alignment film 331 is disposed on a side surface of the first substrate 311 facing the dye liquid crystal layer 32, and a second alignment film 332 is disposed on a side surface of the second substrate 312 facing the dye liquid crystal layer 32; the first and second alignment films 331 and 332 are horizontally aligned and the alignment directions of the first and second alignment films 331 and 332 are parallel to the first direction 100; at this time, the liquid crystal molecules 321 and the dye molecules 322 are in a flat state in an unpowered state, and the long axis direction is perpendicular to the paper surface.

The dye liquid crystal panel 30 includes a plurality of dye liquid crystal cells 300 arranged in a matrix; the dye liquid crystal cells 300 and the sub-pixel cells 11 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence; in each dye liquid crystal cell 300, a first driving electrode 341 is further disposed between the first substrate 311 and the first alignment film 331, and a second driving electrode 342 is further disposed between the second substrate 312 and the second alignment film 332; in the power-on state, the first driving electrode 341 and the second driving electrode 342 form a vertical electric field, and drive the liquid crystal molecules 321 and the dye molecules 322 to rotate in a plane perpendicular to the first substrate until the major axes thereof are perpendicular to the first direction 100, and because the liquid crystal molecules 321 and the dye molecules 322 rotate in a plane perpendicular to the first substrate 311, the liquid crystal molecules 321 and the dye molecules 322 are in an upright state and the major axes thereof are perpendicular to the first direction 100; when the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules 321 and the dye molecules 322 are parallel to the first direction 100, the dye liquid crystal cell 300 is in a polarized light absorption state; when the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules 321 and the dye molecules 322 are perpendicular to the first direction 100, the dye liquid crystal cell 300 is in a polarized light transmission state;

when the sub-pixel unit 11 of the display panel 10 is in a dark state, the dye liquid crystal panel 30 is driven to make the dye liquid crystal unit 300 corresponding to the sub-pixel unit 11 in the dark state be in a polarized light absorption state; when the sub-pixel unit 11 of the display panel 10 is in a bright state, the dye liquid crystal panel 30 is driven to make the dye liquid crystal unit 300 corresponding to the sub-pixel unit 11 in the bright state in a polarized light transmission state.

Fig. 8 is a flowchart of a driving method of a display module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 7 and 8, for the display module shown in fig. 8, in which the liquid crystal molecules in the dye liquid crystal panel are positive liquid crystal molecules, the driving method of the display module may include:

s310, when the sub-pixel units of the display panel are in a dark state, no driving voltage is applied to the dye liquid crystal panel, long axes of liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules are parallel to the first direction, and the dye liquid crystal units are in a polarized light absorption state;

as shown in fig. 7, when the screen is displayed, the sub-pixel unit e is in a dark state, and the sub-pixel unit f is in a bright state. Correspondingly, in the dye liquid crystal panel in the display module, because the first alignment film 331 and the second alignment film 332 are horizontally aligned, and the alignment direction of the first alignment film 331 and the second alignment film 332 is parallel to the first direction 100, at this time, the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules 321 and the dye molecules 322 is parallel to the first direction 100, the liquid crystal molecules 321 and the dye molecules 322 are in a flat state, and the dye molecules 322 absorb polarized light parallel to the first direction 100, the dye liquid crystal unit 300 in the dye liquid crystal panel is in a polarized light absorption state in an unpowered state, as shown in the dye liquid crystal unit E. At this time, the dye liquid crystal cell E absorbs the external light transmitted by the first polarizer, so that the sub-pixel cell E neither emits light nor reflects the external light, and thus the sub-pixel cell E has a purer black state.

And S320, when the sub-pixel units of the display panel are in a bright state, applying a driving voltage to the dye liquid crystal panel to enable the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode to form a vertical electric field in the dye liquid crystal unit corresponding to the sub-pixel units in the bright state, driving the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules to rotate in a plane vertical to the first substrate until the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are vertical to the first direction, and enabling the dye liquid crystal unit to be in a polarized light transmission state.

With continued reference to fig. 7, in the energized state, the liquid crystal molecules 321 and the dye molecules 322 rotate 90 ° in the plane perpendicular to the first substrate 311 under the driving of the vertical electric field formed by the first driving electrode 341 and the second driving electrode 342, at this time, the liquid crystal molecules 321 and the dye molecules 322 are in the vertical state, the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules 321 and the dye molecules 322 are perpendicular to the first direction 100, and the dye molecules 322 do not absorb the polarized light parallel to the first direction 100, so that the dye liquid crystal cell 300 does not absorb the linearly polarized light transmitted through the first polarizer 21, and is in the polarized light transmitting state, as shown in the dye liquid crystal cell F.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another display module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 9, the display module includes:

a display panel 10, the display panel 10 including a plurality of sub-pixel units 11 arranged in an array; a first polarizer 21 located on the light emitting side of the display panel 10, wherein a transmission axis of the first polarizer 21 is parallel to a first direction 100 (perpendicular to the paper surface);

the dye liquid crystal panel 30 is positioned between the first polarizer 21 and the display panel 10, and the dye liquid crystal panel 30 sequentially comprises a first substrate 311, a dye liquid crystal layer 32 and a second substrate 312 along the light emitting direction; the dye liquid crystal layer 32 includes liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules 321; a first alignment film 331 is disposed on a side surface of the first substrate 311 facing the dye liquid crystal layer 32, and a second alignment film 332 is disposed on a side surface of the second substrate 312 facing the dye liquid crystal layer 32; the first and second alignment films 331 and 332 are both vertically aligned and the alignment directions of the first and second alignment films 331 and 332 are perpendicular to the first direction 100; at this time, the liquid crystal molecules 321 and the dye molecules 322 are in an upright state in an unpowered state, and the long axis direction is perpendicular to the first direction 100.

The dye liquid crystal panel 30 includes a plurality of dye liquid crystal cells 300 arranged in a matrix; the dye liquid crystal cells 300 and the sub-pixel cells 11 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence; in each dye liquid crystal cell 300, a first driving electrode 341 is further disposed between the first substrate 311 and the first alignment film 331, and a second driving electrode 342 is further disposed between the second substrate 312 and the second alignment film 332; in the power-up state, the first driving electrode 341 and the second driving electrode 342 form a vertical electric field to drive the liquid crystal molecules 321 and the dye molecules 322 to rotate in a plane perpendicular to the first substrate until the major axes thereof are parallel to the first direction 100; when the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules 321 and the dye molecules 322 are parallel to the first direction 100, the dye liquid crystal cell 300 is in a polarized light absorption state; when the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules 321 and the dye molecules 322 are perpendicular to the first direction 100, the dye liquid crystal cell 300 is in a polarized light transmission state;

when the sub-pixel unit 11 of the display panel 10 is in a dark state, the dye liquid crystal panel 30 is driven to make the dye liquid crystal unit 300 corresponding to the sub-pixel unit 11 in the dark state be in a polarized light absorption state; when the sub-pixel unit 11 of the display panel 10 is in a bright state, the dye liquid crystal panel 30 is driven to make the dye liquid crystal unit 300 corresponding to the sub-pixel unit 11 in the bright state in a polarized light transmission state.

Fig. 10 is a flowchart of a driving method of a display module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 9 and 10, a negative liquid crystal molecule is used as a liquid crystal molecule in a dye liquid crystal panel of the display module shown in fig. 9; the first orientation film and the second orientation film are vertically aligned, and the arrangement directions of the first orientation film and the second orientation film are vertical to the first direction; the driving method of the display module can comprise the following steps:

s410, when the sub-pixel units of the display panel are in a bright state, no driving voltage is applied to the dye liquid crystal panel, the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are vertical to the first direction, and the dye liquid crystal unit is in a polarized light transmission state.

As shown in fig. 9, when the image is displayed, the sub-pixel unit g is in a dark state, and the sub-pixel unit h is in a bright state. Correspondingly, in the dye liquid crystal panel in the display module, because the first alignment film 331 and the second alignment film 332 are vertically aligned, the alignment direction of the first alignment film 331 and the second alignment film 332 is perpendicular to the first direction 100, the liquid crystal molecules 321 and the dye molecules 322 are in an upright state, and the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules 321 and the dye molecules 322 is perpendicular to the first direction 100, the dye molecules 322 do not absorb polarized light parallel to the first direction 100, the dye liquid crystal unit 300 in the dye liquid crystal panel is in a polarized light transmission state in an unpowered state, as shown in the dye liquid crystal unit H.

And S420, when the sub-pixel unit of the display panel is in a dark state, applying a driving voltage to the dye liquid crystal panel to enable the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode to form a vertical electric field in the dye liquid crystal unit corresponding to the sub-pixel unit in the dark state, driving the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules to rotate in a plane vertical to the first substrate until the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are parallel to the first direction, and enabling the dye liquid crystal unit to be in a polarized light absorption state.

Continuing with fig. 9, in the powered state, the negative liquid crystal molecules 321 and the dye molecules 322 rotate 90 ° in the plane perpendicular to the first substrate under the driving of the vertical electric field formed by the first driving electrode 341 and the second driving electrode 342, the liquid crystal molecules 321 and the dye molecules 322 lie flat, the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules 321 and the dye molecules 322 are parallel to the first direction 100, the dye molecules 322 absorb the polarized light parallel to the first direction 100, at this time, the dye liquid crystal cell G absorbs the external light transmitted by the first polarizer 21, so that the sub-pixel unit G neither emits nor reflects the external light, and thus the sub-pixel unit G has a relatively pure black state.

In the display module shown in fig. 7 and 9, also due to the different arrangement of the first alignment film 331 and the second alignment film 332, the dye liquid crystal cell 300 is in the polarized light absorption state and the polarized light transmission state respectively under the condition that no voltage is applied to the first driving electrode 341 and the second driving electrode 342. In view of the power consumption of the display module, it is preferable to employ a display module as shown in fig. 7, in which the first alignment film 331 and the second alignment film 332 are horizontally aligned, and the alignment directions of the first alignment film 331 and the second alignment film 332 are parallel to the first direction 100. At this time, when the sub-pixel unit of the display panel is in a dark state, it is not necessary to apply a voltage to the first driving electrode 341 and the second driving electrode 342, so that power consumption can be saved.

It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 3, fig. 7, and fig. 9, the display module is shown in a display state, and in a non-display state, all the sub-pixel units in each display module are in a dark state, at this time, the driving states of all the sub-pixel units and the corresponding dye liquid crystal units in each display module are respectively consistent with the sub-pixel unit a and the dye liquid crystal unit a in fig. 1, the sub-pixel unit C and the dye liquid crystal unit C in fig. 3, the sub-pixel unit E and the dye liquid crystal unit E in fig. 7, and the sub-pixel unit G and the dye liquid crystal unit G in fig. 9, at this time, the dye liquid crystal units in the display modules are in a polarized light absorption state, so that the external light transmitted by the first polarizer can be absorbed, reflection of the external light is avoided, and the purity of the black polarizer in the non-display state is increased.

In the above embodiments, the dye liquid crystal layer may be optionally made of dye molecules having azo groups or anthraquinone groups, and some dye molecules having azo groups or anthraquinone groups provided in the embodiments of the present invention are as follows.

Further, for the selection of the dye molecules, it is necessary to ensure that the dye molecules have higher order parameters and dichroic ratios in the host liquid crystal to ensure the arrangement order of the dye molecules and the contrast of the dye liquid crystal cell. Further, the dye molecules need to have high stability to light (UV) and heat, and also need to have a high extinction coefficient. When selecting the dye, the solubility of the dye molecules in the host liquid crystal needs to be considered, and the formed dye liquid crystal is ensured to be black.

In addition, in the display module provided in the above embodiment, the dye liquid crystal panel 30 and the display panel 10 may be bonded and fixed by an optical adhesive layer, so as to ensure light transmission and reduce the overall thickness of the display module.

In the display module of the above embodiment, at least one antireflection film layer may be further disposed on the light-emitting surface of the first polarizer to further increase reflection of external light. Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another display module according to an embodiment of the invention, and referring to fig. 11, in the display module, at least one antireflection film layer 40 is disposed on the light exit surface of the first polarizer 21, and reflected light of the antireflection film layer 40 away from a side surface of the first polarizer 21 and reflected light close to the side surface of the first polarizer 21 are destructively interfered.

The anti-reflection film layer 40 performs subtraction reflection of external light by using the principle of reflected light coherence cancellation, and the refractive index and the film thickness of the material of the anti-reflection film layer 40 need to satisfy the coherence cancellation formula, that is, there is a half wavelength optical path difference between the reflected light on the surface of the anti-reflection film layer 40 away from the first polarizer 21 and the reflected light on the surface of the anti-reflection film layer close to the first polarizer. For example, the antireflection film 40 may be a multi-layer structure including MgF in sequence along the light emitting direction₂、SiO₂、Nb₂O₅、SiO₂、Nb₂O₅And SiO₂Film layer of material, passing MgF₂、SiO₂、Nb₂O₅The difference of the refractive indexes of the three materials can form coherent cancellation of reflected light. In addition, the thickness and the number of the anti-reflection film layers can be set by those skilled in the art according to the actual material and the preparation process, and are not limited herein.

In the display module of the above embodiment, the display panel may be an organic light emitting display panel or a liquid crystal display panel. Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 12, in the display module, preferably, the display panel 10 is a liquid crystal display panel. The liquid crystal display panel comprises a second polarizer 22 located on the light emitting side and a third polarizer 23 deviated from the light emitting side, the transmission axis of the second polarizer 22 is parallel to the transmission axis of the first polarizer 21, and the transmission axis of the third polarizer 23 is perpendicular to the transmission axis of the second polarizer 22.

The liquid crystal display panel may be a TN mode liquid crystal display panel, an IPS mode liquid crystal display panel, or an FFS mode liquid crystal display panel, all of which are not limited herein. Further, referring to fig. 12, in the display module, a backlight module 50 is further disposed on a side of the liquid crystal display panel away from the dye liquid crystal panel 30.

In the liquid crystal display panel, a second polarizer and a third polarizer are respectively arranged on the light emergent side and the backlight side of the liquid crystal layer, wherein the third polarizer polarizes emergent light of the backlight module 50, then liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer are used for dimming, the rotation of the light polarization state is realized, and then the emergent light is analyzed and polarized by the second polarizer. Thus, the light emitted from the second polarizer is polarized light. The transmission axis of the second polaroid is parallel to that of the first polaroid, so that the polarized light incident from one side of the first polaroid and one side of the second polaroid can be absorbed or transmitted by the dye liquid crystal panel, the normal display of the display panel can not be influenced when the dye liquid crystal panel is switched between a polarized light absorption state and a polarized light transmission state aiming at external light, the contrast under the display state can be improved, and the black state purity under the non-display state is increased.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 13, the display device includes any one of the display modules 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention. The liquid crystal display device can be a mobile phone, a computer, an intelligent wearable device and the like. In addition, since the display module provided in the above embodiment is adopted in the display device, the display device also has the beneficial effects of the display module 1.

It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious modifications, rearrangements, combinations and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.