Hydraulic spring operating mechanism
阅读说明:本技术 一种液压弹簧操动机构 (Hydraulic spring operating mechanism ) 是由 雷琴 刘煜 李海文 韩国辉 刘宇 李宁 程晓培 杨秋蓉 胡超然 程军强 张南林 于 2019-07-25 设计创作,主要内容包括:本发明涉及电开关的触点操作机构技术领域,特别涉及一种液压弹簧操动机构。该操动机构包括工作缸、弹簧储能装置、液压系统和发电活塞缸;操动机构在合闸和分闸过程中均具有缓冲行程;发电活塞缸包括发电活塞缸体以及活动装配在发电活塞缸体内的发电活塞,发电活塞连接有发电装置;发电活塞缸体的被发电活塞分隔的两个腔中,一个连通液压系统中的油箱,另一个在工作缸的上端部连通工作缸内腔;或者,发电活塞缸体的被发电活塞分隔的两个腔中,一个连通液压系统中的油箱,另一个在工作缸的下端部连通工作缸内腔。该操动机构用于解决现有技术中的操动机构在使用时造成的能量浪费和存在密封失效的安全隐患的问题。(The invention relates to the technical field of contact operating mechanisms of electric switches, in particular to a hydraulic spring operating mechanism. The operating mechanism comprises a working cylinder, a spring energy storage device, a hydraulic system and a power generation piston cylinder; the operating mechanism has buffer strokes in the switching-on and switching-off processes; the power generation piston cylinder comprises a power generation piston cylinder body and a power generation piston movably assembled in the power generation piston cylinder body, and the power generation piston is connected with a power generation device; one of two cavities of the power generation piston cylinder body, which are separated by the power generation piston, is communicated with an oil tank in a hydraulic system, and the other cavity is communicated with the inner cavity of the working cylinder at the upper end part of the working cylinder; or one of two cavities of the power generation piston cylinder body divided by the power generation piston is communicated with an oil tank in a hydraulic system, and the other cavity is communicated with the inner cavity of the working cylinder at the lower end part of the working cylinder. The operating mechanism is used for solving the problems of energy waste and potential safety hazard of sealing failure caused by the use of the operating mechanism in the prior art.)
1. A hydraulic spring operating mechanism is characterized by comprising:
a working cylinder;
a differential piston;
the upper end and the lower end of the inner cavity of the working cylinder are respectively provided with a closing buffer sleeve and an opening buffer sleeve, and the upper side and the lower side of the differential piston are respectively provided with a closing buffer step and an opening buffer step; in the process that the differential piston moves upwards, a closing buffer throttling gap is formed between the closing buffer step and the closing buffer sleeve, closing action begins to buffer, in the process that the differential piston moves downwards, a separating buffer throttling gap is formed between the separating buffer step and the separating buffer sleeve, and separating action begins to buffer;
the spring energy storage device comprises an energy storage oil cylinder and an energy storage spring assembly matched with the energy storage oil cylinder;
the hydraulic system comprises an oil tank, an oil way and an electromagnetic directional valve connected to the oil way;
the power generation piston cylinder comprises a power generation piston cylinder body and a power generation piston movably assembled in the power generation piston cylinder body, and the power generation piston is connected with a power generation device;
in the two cavities of the power generation piston cylinder body separated by the power generation piston, one is communicated with the oil tank, the other is communicated with the inner cavity of the working cylinder at the upper end part of the working cylinder, and in the closing buffer stroke, oil in the inner cavity of the working cylinder is pressed into the power generation piston cylinder body and pushes the power generation piston to act; or one of two cavities of the power generation piston cylinder body separated by the power generation piston is communicated with the oil tank, the other cavity is communicated with the working cylinder inner cavity at the lower end part of the working cylinder, and in the brake-separating buffering stroke, oil in the working cylinder inner cavity is pressed into the power generation piston cylinder body and pushes the power generation piston to act.
2. The hydraulic spring operating mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder body of the operating cylinder is provided with a power generation cavity with an upward opening, a sealing plate is hermetically mounted in the power generation cavity, the power generation cavity on the lower side blocked by the sealing plate forms an inner cavity of the power generation piston cylinder, a piston rod of the power generation piston passes through the sealing plate in a sliding and sealing manner, and the power generation device is arranged in the power generation cavity on the upper side of the sealing plate.
3. The hydraulic spring operating mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the upper end surface of the cylinder body of the working cylinder is hermetically provided with a surrounding cylinder and a cylinder cover for sealing the upper end opening of the surrounding cylinder, the internal space surrounded by the surrounding cylinder and the cylinder body forms an oil tank, the power generation cavity is opened on the upper end surface of the cylinder body of the working cylinder, and the upper end opening of the power generation cavity is provided with a sealing cover.
4. The hydraulic spring operating mechanism according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein a return spring is installed in the power generation piston cylinder, the return spring being used to provide power for the power generation piston to move toward one side, and when the power generation piston moves toward the one side, the volume of an inner cavity communicated with the oil tank is increased.
5. The hydraulic spring operating mechanism according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the generator is a linear generator, a piston rod of the generating piston is provided with a permanent magnet, the linear generator includes a stator coil mounted in a generating cavity on the upper side of the sealing plate, and the permanent magnet is driven by the piston rod to generate electricity when the permanent magnet moves linearly in the stator coil.
6. The hydraulic spring operating mechanism according to claim 5, wherein the permanent magnet is sleeve-shaped and is fitted over a piston rod of the power generating piston.
7. The hydraulic spring operating mechanism of claim 5, wherein the stator coils are arranged in a plurality of groups and are axially aligned along the piston rod.
8. The hydraulic spring operating mechanism according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the power generating device is a piezoelectric power generating device, the piezoelectric power generating device comprises a piezoelectric sheet arranged in a power generating cavity on the upper side of the sealing plate, one end of the piezoelectric sheet is connected with a piston rod of the power generating piston, the other end of the piezoelectric sheet is fixedly arranged with a cylinder body of the working cylinder, and the piezoelectric sheet generates power when being driven by the piston rod to deform.
9. The hydraulic spring actuator according to claim 8, wherein the piezoelectric plate is provided in plural number and arranged along an axial direction of the piston rod.
10. The hydraulic spring actuator of claim 8, wherein the piezoelectric patch is annular and is connected to the piston rod by an inner edge and to the cylinder body of the working cylinder by an outer edge.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of contact operating mechanisms of electric switches, in particular to a hydraulic spring operating mechanism.
Background
In a high-voltage circuit breaker, a switching-on and a switching-off of the circuit breaker are generally realized through an operating mechanism, and the circuit breaker is maintained in a switching-on state or a switching-off state.
The invention patent with the publication number of CN106783420B describes a spring energy storage type hydraulic operating mechanism for a circuit breaker, which is a commonly used operating mechanism in a high-voltage circuit breaker; generally, in order to improve the mechanical life of the circuit breaker, a buffer stroke is set in the closing process of a differential piston in a working cylinder of an operating mechanism, a buffer stroke is also set in the opening process of the differential piston, the buffer stroke is generally set by throttling oil in the opening process and the closing process of the differential piston, and the buffer of the differential piston is realized by utilizing the reactive force of the rising action of the throttled oil pressure on the differential piston.
The operating mechanism is provided with the buffer stroke in the switching-on and switching-off processes, so that partial kinetic energy of the differential piston can be converted into heat energy of oil, energy waste can be caused, meanwhile, the temperature of the oil rises, rapid aging of sealing elements at each position in a hydraulic system can be caused, and sealing failure of the hydraulic system can be possibly caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydraulic spring operating mechanism, which is used for solving the problems of energy waste and potential safety hazard of sealing failure caused by the use of the operating mechanism in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the hydraulic spring operating mechanism provided by the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
this hydraulic spring operating mechanism includes:
a working cylinder;
a differential piston;
the upper end and the lower end of the inner cavity of the working cylinder are respectively provided with a closing buffer sleeve and an opening buffer sleeve, and the upper side and the lower side of the differential piston are respectively provided with a closing buffer step and an opening buffer step; in the process that the differential piston moves upwards, a closing buffer throttling gap is formed between the closing buffer step and the closing buffer sleeve, closing action begins to buffer, in the process that the differential piston moves downwards, a separating buffer throttling gap is formed between the separating buffer step and the separating buffer sleeve, and separating action begins to buffer;
the spring energy storage device comprises an energy storage oil cylinder and an energy storage spring assembly matched with the energy storage oil cylinder;
the hydraulic system comprises an oil tank, an oil way and an electromagnetic directional valve connected to the oil way;
the power generation piston cylinder comprises a power generation piston cylinder body and a power generation piston movably assembled in the power generation piston cylinder body, and the power generation piston is connected with a power generation device;
in the two cavities of the power generation piston cylinder body separated by the power generation piston, one is communicated with the oil tank, the other is communicated with the inner cavity of the working cylinder at the upper end part of the working cylinder, and in the closing buffer stroke, oil in the inner cavity of the working cylinder is pressed into the power generation piston cylinder body and pushes the power generation piston to act; or one of two cavities of the power generation piston cylinder body separated by the power generation piston is communicated with the oil tank, the other cavity is communicated with the working cylinder inner cavity at the lower end part of the working cylinder, and in the brake-separating buffering stroke, oil in the working cylinder inner cavity is pressed into the power generation piston cylinder body and pushes the power generation piston to act.
The hydraulic spring operating mechanism provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: the power generation piston cylinder is arranged in the operating mechanism, the power generation piston in the power generation piston cylinder is connected with the power generation device, the power generation piston in the power generation piston cylinder is driven to act by utilizing the pressure of oil generated by throttling in the switching-on and switching-off processes of the operating mechanism, and then the power generation device is controlled to generate power, namely, partial kinetic energy of a differential piston is converted into electric energy, the waste of energy is reduced, meanwhile, the energy converted into the heat energy of the oil is also reduced, the sealing element in the hydraulic system is prevented from being accelerated to age due to overhigh temperature of the oil, and the sealing effect of the hydraulic system is ensured.
Furthermore, a power generation cavity with an upward opening is formed in the cylinder body of the working cylinder, a sealing plate is arranged in the power generation cavity in a sealing mode, the power generation cavity on the lower side blocked by the sealing plate forms an inner cavity of the power generation piston cylinder, a piston rod of the power generation piston penetrates through the sealing plate in a sliding sealing mode, and the power generation device is arranged in the power generation cavity on the upper side of the sealing plate. The arrangement of the inner cavity of the power generation piston cylinder body enables the arrangement of the whole operating mechanism to be compact, and the arrangement of the power generation cavity with an upward opening on the cylinder body of the working cylinder is simple and easy to operate.
Furthermore, the upper end face of the cylinder body of the working cylinder is hermetically provided with a surrounding cylinder and a cylinder cover for sealing the upper end opening of the surrounding cylinder, the internal space surrounded by the surrounding cylinder and the cylinder body forms an oil tank, the power generation cavity is arranged on the upper end face of the cylinder body of the working cylinder, and the upper end opening of the power generation cavity is provided with a sealing plug cover. The arrangement of the oil tank can improve the structural compactness of the whole operating mechanism, the power generation cavity is easy to realize when being arranged on the upper end surface of the cylinder body of the working cylinder, the number of parts of the operating mechanism is reduced on the whole, and the occupied space of the operating mechanism is reduced.
Furthermore, a return spring is arranged in the power generation piston cylinder body and used for providing power for the power generation piston to move towards one side, and when the power generation piston moves towards the side, the volume of an inner cavity communicated with the oil tank is increased. The reset of the power generation piston can be reliably guaranteed by the reset spring, preparation is made for energy recovery in the next opening and closing process, and meanwhile, the power generation piston generates power in the process of moving under the operation of the reset spring, and the elastic potential energy of the reset spring can be converted into electric energy.
Furthermore, the power generation device is a linear power generation device, a piston rod of the power generation piston is provided with a permanent magnet, the linear power generation device comprises a stator coil arranged in a power generation cavity on the upper side of the sealing plate, and the permanent magnet is driven by the piston rod to generate power when moving linearly in the stator coil. The power generation device in the form is simple in structure, multi-stage transmission is not formed between the power generation piston and the power generation device, and energy loss is avoided.
Furthermore, the permanent magnet is in a sleeve shape and is sleeved on a piston rod of the power generation piston. Therefore, the permanent magnet can be conveniently and reliably arranged on the piston rod.
Furthermore, the stator coils are provided with a plurality of groups and are arranged along the axial direction of the piston rod. The arrangement can enable the stator coil to be a plurality of parallel coils, and can perform energy conversion more fully in the moving process of the piston rod.
Furthermore, the power generation device is a piezoelectric power generation device, the piezoelectric power generation device comprises a piezoelectric sheet arranged in a power generation cavity on the upper side of the sealing plate, one end of the piezoelectric sheet is connected with a piston rod of the power generation piston, the other end of the piezoelectric sheet is fixedly arranged with a cylinder body of the working cylinder, and the piezoelectric sheet generates power when driven to deform by the piston rod. The power generation device in the form is simple in structure, multi-stage transmission is not formed between the power generation piston and the power generation device, and energy loss is avoided.
Furthermore, the piezoelectric sheets are multiple and are arranged along the axial direction of the piston rod. The power generation piston can synchronously drive the piezoelectric patches to deform when moving, so that the piezoelectric patches can fully generate power.
Furthermore, the piezoelectric sheet is annular and is connected with the piston rod through the inner edge and is connected with the cylinder body of the working cylinder through the outer edge. The piezoelectric sheet is arranged in a large area, so that a large number of parts are deformed when the power generation piston moves, and the generated electric quantity is large.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an
fig. 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the hydraulic spring operating mechanism of
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a power generation piston cylinder and a power generation device in
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a switching state in
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a closing state in
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a power generation piston cylinder and a power generation device in
In the drawings: 1-working cylinder, 2-closing plate, 3-spring energy storage device, 4-electromagnetic directional valve, 5-oil tank, 6-power generation piston cylinder, 7-power generation device, 8-breaker, 9-sealing cover, 11-cylinder, 12-differential piston, 13-differential piston rod, 14-closing buffer sleeve, 15-opening buffer sleeve, 16-working high pressure cavity, 17-working differential pressure cavity, 111-first flow channel, 112-second flow channel, 113-third flow channel, 114-fourth flow channel, 115-fifth flow channel, 116-sixth flow channel, 121-closing buffer step, 122-opening buffer step, 31-energy storage cylinder, 32-energy storage piston, 33-energy storage spring component, 34-pressure ring, 35-support ring, 36-energy storage piston rod, 51-surrounding cylinder, 52-cylinder cover, 61-power generation piston, 62-power generation piston rod, 63-reset spring, 64-power generation piston cylinder upper cavity, 65-power generation piston cylinder lower cavity, 71-insulation sheet, 72-piezoelectric sheet, 73-guide sleeve, 101-stator coil, 102-mounting frame, 103-permanent magnet and 104-insulation ring.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
the hydraulic spring operating mechanism in the embodiment is used for controlling the switching on and switching off of the high-voltage circuit breaker.
As shown in fig. 1, the hydraulic spring operating mechanism includes a working
As shown in fig. 2, the working
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a closing buffer step 121 is disposed on an upper side of the
As shown in fig. 2, the lower side of the
The closing buffer step 121 and the closing buffer sleeve 14 are arranged, so that in the closing process of the operating mechanism, when the closing buffer step 121 enters the closing buffer sleeve 14, a closing buffer throttling gap is formed between the closing buffer step 121 and the closing buffer sleeve 14, at this time, oil in the working high-pressure cavity 16 can only flow out through the closing buffer throttling gap, which is equivalent to that an outflow channel of the oil in the working high-pressure cavity 16 is instantly reduced, the pressure of the oil in the working high-pressure cavity 16 is increased to act on the
The opening buffer step 122 and the opening buffer sleeve 15 are arranged, so that in the opening process of the operating mechanism, when the opening buffer step 122 enters the opening buffer sleeve 15, an opening buffer throttling gap is formed between the opening buffer step 122 and the opening buffer sleeve 15, oil in the working differential pressure cavity 17 can only flow out through the opening buffer throttling gap, namely, an outflow channel of the oil in the working differential pressure cavity 17 is instantly reduced, the pressure of the oil in the working differential pressure cavity 17 is increased, an upward acting force is applied to the
As shown in fig. 2, a surrounding tube 51 is sealingly attached to the upper end surface of the
As shown in fig. 2, an energy storage cylinder is fixed on the outer side of the upper part of the working
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a power generation cavity is formed downward on the upper end surface of the
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a
As shown in fig. 2, a hydraulic system in the operating mechanism includes an electromagnetic
The
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a
The piezoelectric power generating device can generate power when the power generating
The operation mechanism is divided into the following processes when in use:
1) energy storage in the opening state: as shown in fig. 4, the energy storage cylinder is filled with oil through an oil pump, the oil pump communicates the energy storage high pressure chamber with the oil tank 5 (not shown in the figure) through an oil pipeline, the energy storage piston 32 moves downward, and the energy
2) Closing: the electromagnetic
3) Energy storage in a closing state: as shown in fig. 5, the energy storage cylinder is filled with oil through an oil pump, the oil pump communicates the energy storage high pressure chamber with the oil tank 5 (not shown in the figure) through an oil pipeline, the energy storage piston 32 moves downward, and the energy
4) Opening a brake: the electromagnetic
5) Generating electricity: when the power generation operation starts when the opening process enters the opening buffer stage, because the pressure of the oil in the working differential pressure cavity 17 rises, and the working differential pressure cavity 17 is communicated with the
the difference from the
In the
In the
In the
In
In the
In the
In the
In the
In the above-described
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