Implant guide plate based on 3D printing and manufacturing method
阅读说明：本技术 一种基于3d打印的种植牙导板及制作方法 (Implant guide plate based on 3D printing and manufacturing method ) 是由 张君杰 郑以诺 康凌航 张修阳 于 2019-10-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种基于3D打印的种植牙导板,包括基体和导向孔,所述基体包括用于开设所述导向孔的定位部,以及一体连接于定位部下端的固定部,所述导向孔内设置有种植点套管,所述导向孔上设置有缺口,所述种植点套管上设置有与所述缺口相配合的适配块,种植点套管紧固在导向孔内,使用医用钻孔工具穿过导向孔向牙龈内部的骸骨钻孔的过程中,避免了钻头移位,提高了种植牙导板的定位精度；还公开了一种基于3D打印的种植牙导板的方法,包括步骤一制作石膏模型；步骤二重建患者口颌区的牙齿、骨骼三维模型；步骤三获取种植牙导板三维模型数据；步骤四打印种植牙导板。本发明采用3D打印技术可缩短整个可重构导板的制作周期,实现了基板的快速制作和导板的现场重构。(The invention relates to a dental implant guide plate based on 3D printing, which comprises a base body and a guide hole, wherein the base body comprises a positioning part for forming the guide hole and a fixing part integrally connected to the lower end of the positioning part; also discloses a method for manufacturing the dental implant guide plate based on 3D printing, which comprises the following steps of manufacturing a plaster model; step two, reconstructing a tooth and bone three-dimensional model of the oromandibular area of a patient; thirdly, acquiring three-dimensional model data of the dental implant guide plate; and step four, printing the dental implant guide plate. The invention adopts the 3D printing technology to shorten the manufacturing period of the whole reconfigurable guide plate and realize the rapid manufacturing of the substrate and the field reconfiguration of the guide plate.)
1. A dental implant guide plate based on 3D printing comprises a base body and a guide hole, wherein the base body comprises a positioning part for forming the guide hole and a fixing part integrally connected to the lower end of the positioning part, and is characterized in that a planting point sleeve is arranged in the guide hole, a notch is arranged on the guide hole, an adapting block matched with the notch is arranged on the planting point sleeve,
the fixed part sets up with the gum relatively, the adaptation groove that holds the tooth is seted up towards one side of gum to the fixed part, the adaptation groove is followed fixed part length sets up a plurality ofly, the inner wall in adaptation groove is the arc setting, is provided with the infiltration board on the arc inner wall that the adaptation groove is close to inside one side in the oral cavity, is provided with the infiltration thin layer between infiltration board and adaptation inslot wall, is provided with the elasticity strip on the arc inner wall of the inside one side in the oral cavity of adaptation groove back of the body.
2. A dental implant guide plate based on 3D printing according to claim 1, characterised in that the infiltration plate is provided with a plurality of grids, and rubber bumps are provided at the intersections of adjacent grids.
3. A dental implant guide plate based on 3D printing according to claim 1, characterised in that the fixture portion is provided with a water outlet channel, which is in communication with the permeable membrane layer.
4. The dental implant guide plate based on 3D printing according to claim 2, wherein the penetration plate is arc-shaped, and when the tooth is inserted into the fitting groove, a plurality of rubber protrusions on the penetration plate are attached to the tooth.
5. A dental implant guide plate based on 3D printing according to claim 1, characterised in that the implant site cannula is a metal tube with an inner diameter of 2.3-4 mm and a length of 1-3 mm.
6. A method for making a 3D printing based dental implant guide of any one of claims 1-5, comprising the steps of:
step one, manufacturing a gypsum model: collecting the dental area of the oral cavity of a patient through silicon rubber to form a dental model, and filling the dental model with gypsum;
step two, reconstructing a tooth and bone three-dimensional model of the oromandibular area of the patient:
1) CBCT scanning is carried out on the jaw area of the patient to obtain CBCT image data,
2) recording the acquired CBCT image data into an optical disc file for storage by using a standard DICOM format,
3) the computer stored in the general medical image control system software reads in the image data of the oromandibular area of the patient from the storage medium, uses the medical image control system software to carry out the three-dimensional reconstruction of the oromandibular area of the patient, extracts the structural information of the bone tissue, the maxillary sinus and the mandibular nerve of the patient,
4) optically scanning the plaster model manufactured in the first step by using a laser scanner to obtain tooth surface data,
5) registering the CBCT image data and the data of optical scanning to reconstruct a tooth and bone three-dimensional model of the oral cavity part of the patient;
step three, acquiring three-dimensional model data of the dental implant guide plate:
1) 3Shape Implant Studio planting design software is adopted to complete the planning and design of a planting plan, the size, the position and the direction of the Implant are determined,
2) designing a standardized template corresponding to the drill bit of the guide template, combining the standardized template with the three-dimensional model of the jaw area of the patient reconstructed in the step two to obtain a preliminary guide plate model, selecting the implant model determined according to the step 1) in software, processing the preliminary guide plate model into a three-dimensional model of the dental implant guide plate,
3) determining the size of the final guide hole of the dental implant guide plate according to the three-dimensional model of the oromandibular area of the patient reconstructed in the step two, designing the three-dimensional model of the dental implant guide plate corresponding to the guide hole by combining the three-dimensional model of the dental implant guide plate,
4) and designing the three-dimensional model of the dental implant guide plate by using software so as to achieve the required state.
Printing a dental implant guide plate: and (3) importing the three-dimensional model data of the manufactured dental implant guide plate into a 3D printer, layering the entity three-dimensional model data by using layering software to obtain lamellar data, and performing reverse solving manufacturing by control software according to the lamellar data, wherein the reverse solving manufacturing comprises lamellar printing and lamellar accumulation, so that the dental implant guide plate is obtained finally.
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of dentistry, and particularly relates to a dental implant guide plate based on 3D printing and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The tooth implantation is a process for manufacturing a false tooth, a hole is drilled in a gum of an affected part, an artificial tooth root (namely an implant) made of titanium or other suitable materials is implanted into an oral alveolar bone to replace the original tooth root of the affected part, and after the implant is tightly combined with a bone, the false tooth is reconstructed. The dental implant guide plate is a tool for assisting a doctor to accurately find the depth and the direction of an implant, and the implant guide plate can accurately guide an implant fixed point and prepare a hole in the oral implant operation treatment process, so that complications caused by implant site deviation and the like due to poor visual field, oblique visual angle and the like in the operation are avoided, and the operation difficulty is reduced.
In actual operation, a computer is usually adopted for auxiliary design and manufacture, namely a jaw three-dimensional model is reconstructed through a patient jaw CT image before a tooth implantation operation, a proper implant type is selected according to jaw image data, a digital operation guide plate is selected and designed by combining information such as teeth, bone mass and the like of an implant, and finally a total implantation operation scheme is obtained; however, whether the digital surgical guide plate is used for implantation or not depends on the selection of a guide plate supporting mode and a positioning reference to a great extent, the guide plate is not accurately positioned, or the position of the implant implanted is not accurate due to the fact that the support is not good and the implant is deviated in the surgical process, so that the implant operation fails or the false tooth implantation fails to be repaired.
The prior Chinese patent with publication number CN202920377U discloses a general baffle of tooth implantation operation, including upper baffle and lower baffle, the lower baffle is located the upper baffle below, upper baffle and lower baffle both sides be equipped with the curb plate respectively, upper baffle curb plate and lower baffle curb plate pass through draw-in groove and fixture block sliding connection, upper baffle and lower baffle both sides be equipped with the scale that the interval is 1mm respectively, still be equipped with the planting hole that the interval is 2mm in the middle part of upper baffle and lower baffle.
As shown above, due to the uneven gum, when the part of the base body, which is attached to the teeth, can only be attached to the protruding part of the teeth, the gum is extruded and deformed, which is not favorable for the accurate positioning of the implant guide plate, and has the defect of waiting for improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a dental implant guide plate based on 3D printing and a manufacturing method thereof, and the technical scheme adopted by the dental implant guide plate is as follows:
a dental implant guide plate based on 3D printing comprises a base body and a guide hole, wherein the base body comprises a positioning part for forming the guide hole and a fixing part integrally connected to the lower end of the positioning part, and is characterized in that a planting point sleeve is arranged in the guide hole, a notch is arranged on the guide hole, an adapting block matched with the notch is arranged on the planting point sleeve,
the fixed part sets up with the gum relatively, the adaptation groove that holds the tooth is seted up towards one side of gum to the fixed part, the adaptation groove is followed fixed part length sets up a plurality ofly, the inner wall in adaptation groove is the arc setting, is provided with the infiltration board on the arc inner wall that the adaptation groove is close to inside one side in the oral cavity, is provided with the infiltration thin layer between infiltration board and adaptation inslot wall, is provided with the elasticity strip on the arc inner wall of the inside one side in the oral cavity of adaptation groove back of the body.
Preferably, a plurality of grids are arranged on the penetration plate, and rubber bulges are arranged at the intersection points of the adjacent grids.
Preferably, the fixing part is provided with a water outlet channel, and the water outlet channel is communicated with the permeation film layer.
Preferably, the penetration plate is arc-shaped, and when teeth are embedded into the adaptation grooves, the rubber protrusions on the penetration plate are attached to the teeth.
Preferably, the planting point sleeve is a metal pipe, the inner diameter of the metal pipe is 2.3-4 mm, and the length of the metal pipe is 1-3 mm.
A method for a dental implant guide plate based on 3D printing comprises the following steps:
step one, manufacturing a gypsum model: collecting the dental area of the oral cavity of a patient through silicon rubber to form a dental model, and filling the dental model with gypsum;
step two, reconstructing a tooth and bone three-dimensional model of the oromandibular area of the patient:
1) CBCT scanning is carried out on the jaw area of the patient to obtain CBCT image data,
2) recording the acquired CBCT image data into an optical disc file for storage by using a standard DICOM format,
3) the computer stored in the general medical image control system software reads in the image data of the oromandibular area of the patient from the storage medium, uses the medical image control system software to carry out the three-dimensional reconstruction of the oromandibular area of the patient, extracts the structural information of the bone tissue, the maxillary sinus and the mandibular nerve of the patient,
4) optically scanning the plaster model manufactured in the first step by using a laser scanner to obtain tooth surface data,
5) registering the CBCT image data and the data of optical scanning to reconstruct a tooth and bone three-dimensional model of the oral cavity part of the patient;
step three, acquiring three-dimensional model data of the dental implant guide plate:
1) 3Shape Implant Studio planting design software is adopted to complete the planning and design of a planting plan, the size, the position and the direction of the Implant are determined,
2) designing a standardized template corresponding to the drill bit of the guide template, combining the standardized template with the three-dimensional model of the jaw area of the patient reconstructed in the step two to obtain a preliminary guide plate model, selecting the implant model determined according to the step 1) in software, processing the preliminary guide plate model into a three-dimensional model of the dental implant guide plate,
3) determining the size of the final guide hole of the dental implant guide plate according to the three-dimensional model of the oromandibular area of the patient reconstructed in the step two, designing the three-dimensional model of the dental implant guide plate corresponding to the guide hole by combining the three-dimensional model of the dental implant guide plate,
4) and designing the three-dimensional model of the dental implant guide plate by using software so as to achieve the required state.
Printing a dental implant guide plate: and (3) importing the three-dimensional model data of the manufactured dental implant guide plate into a 3D printer, layering the entity three-dimensional model data by using layering software to obtain lamellar data, and performing reverse solving manufacturing by control software according to the lamellar data, wherein the reverse solving manufacturing comprises lamellar printing and lamellar accumulation, so that the dental implant guide plate is obtained finally.
Compared with the prior art:
1. according to the invention, the notch is arranged on the guide hole, the group of adapting blocks matched with the notch is arranged on the planting point sleeve, and the planting point sleeve is fastened in the guide hole, so that the stability of the tooth planting guide plate in the process of operating a drill bit by a doctor is improved, the tooth planting guide plate is not easy to move, and the positioning precision of the tooth planting guide plate is improved.
2. According to the invention, the inner wall of the adaptive groove is arc-shaped, the penetration plate is arranged on the arc-shaped inner wall of the adaptive groove close to one side of the inside of the oral cavity, the penetration film layer is arranged between the penetration plate and the inner wall of the adaptive groove, and the elastic strip is arranged on the arc-shaped inner wall of the adaptive groove away from one side of the inside of the oral cavity; on the other hand, wherein be provided with a plurality of net on the infiltration board, be provided with rubber arch on the adjacent net intersection, rubber arch cooperatees with being provided with the elasticity strip on the arc inner wall, and when the baffle was planted in the installation, during the adaptation groove of tooth embedding planting tooth baffle fixed part for the tooth can be more adapted in the adaptation groove, has reduced the deflection of gum, has improved the positioning accuracy of planting the tooth baffle.
3. In the manufacturing process, the plaster model three-dimensional model and the CT three-dimensional model image are registered according to a preset mode, so that the factors such as bone density, blood vessels and the like around the gingival bone position of a patient are combined to the maximum extent, and the accuracy of dental implant is improved; and virtual planting is carried out in the registered three-dimensional model image, so that the planting efficiency of the dental implant is improved, and the time of clinical operation of a doctor and the visit of a patient is shortened.
4. The invention adopts the 3D printing technology to shorten the manufacturing period of the whole reconfigurable guide plate, realizes the rapid manufacturing of the substrate and the field reconfiguration of the guide plate, shortens the treatment period and reduces the treatment cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a dental implant guide plate based on 3D printing disclosed by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the substrate of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the planter box of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the permeate sheet of FIG. 2;
fig. 5 is a work flow chart of an embodiment of a method for manufacturing a dental implant guide plate based on 3D printing disclosed by the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the invention specifically discloses a dental implant guide plate based on 3D printing, which comprises a base body and a guide hole 3, wherein a hole is drilled in a bone wrapped in a gum before a tooth is implanted, the base body and the gum are relatively fixed, the guide hole is aligned with a part where the tooth is to be implanted, then a related medical tool is adopted to drill a hole from the guide hole into the bone,
the base member is including being used for seting up location portion 1 of guiding hole 3 to and an organic whole fixed
As shown in figure 2, the middle of the gum is wider than both sides, and the adaptation groove 6 is arranged to be arc-shaped and adapted to the gum, when the guide plate is planted in the installation, the gum is embedded into the adaptation groove 6 of the fixing plate in the guide plate, and the protruded part of the gum is embedded into the concave part of the adaptation groove 6, so that the contact area between the adaptation groove 6 and the gum is increased while the deformation of the gum is reduced, and the positioning accuracy of the guide plate is improved.
The ridges at the intersections of the adjacent adapting grooves 6 are matched with the gullies at the intersections of the adjacent gingiva, and the ridges at the intersections of the adjacent adapting grooves are arranged to form the fillet edges 7, so that the contact area between the fixing part and the gingiva is increased, the pressure between the gingiva and the ridges is reduced, the phenomenon that the gingiva is broken and bleeds in the operation process is effectively reduced, and the matching degree between the fixing part and the gingiva is improved.
As shown in fig. 3, a notch 4 is arranged on the guide hole 3, an adapting block 13 matched with the notch 4 is arranged on the planting point sleeve 12, the planting point sleeve 12 is fastened in the guide hole 3, and in the process of drilling the bone inside the gum through the guide hole 3 by using a medical drilling tool, due to the firmness of the planting point sleeve 12, the drill bit is prevented from shifting, and the positioning accuracy of the dental implant guide plate is improved.
As shown in fig. 4, preferably, be provided with a plurality of net on the
Preferably, the
Preferably, the planting point casing pipe 12 is a metal pipe, the inner diameter of the metal pipe is 2.3-4 mm, the length of the metal pipe is 1-3 mm, and more preferably, the inner diameter of the metal pipe is 2.5mm, 2.8mm, 3.0mm, 3.3mm, 3.5mm, 3.8mm or 4.0mm, the outer diameter of the metal pipe is matched with the inner diameter of the guide hole 3, and the inner diameter of the guide hole 3 is determined according to the size of the implant.
As shown in fig. 5, the invention also discloses a method for preparing a dental implant guide plate based on 3D printing, which comprises the following steps:
step one, manufacturing a gypsum model: collecting the dental area of the oral cavity of a patient through silicon rubber to form a dental model, and filling the dental model with gypsum;
step two, reconstructing a tooth and bone three-dimensional model of the oromandibular area of the patient:
1) CBCT scanning is carried out on the jaw area of the patient to obtain CBCT image data,
in this step, CBCT is short for Cone beam CT, i.e. Cone beam CT. I.e. cone beam projection computer reconstruction tomography apparatus, the principle is that the X-ray generator makes a circular DR (digital projection) around the projection with a low dose (usually the bulb current is around 10 mA).
2) Recording the acquired CBCT image data into an optical disc file for storage by using a standard DICOM format,
3) the computer stored in the general medical image control system software reads in the image data of the oromandibular area of the patient from the storage medium, uses the medical image control system software to carry out the three-dimensional reconstruction of the oromandibular area of the patient, extracts the structural information of the bone tissue, the maxillary sinus and the mandibular nerve of the patient,
4) optically scanning the plaster model manufactured in the first step by using a laser scanner to obtain tooth surface data,
5) registering the CBCT image data and the data of optical scanning to reconstruct a tooth and bone three-dimensional model of the oral cavity part of the patient;
step three, acquiring three-dimensional model data of the dental implant guide plate:
1) 3Shape Implant Studio planting design software is adopted to complete the planning and design of a planting plan, the size, the position and the direction of the Implant are determined,
2) designing a standardized template corresponding to the drill bit of the guide template, combining the standardized template with the three-dimensional model of the jaw area of the patient reconstructed in the step two to obtain a preliminary guide plate model, selecting the implant model determined according to the step 1) in software, processing the preliminary guide plate model into a three-dimensional model of the dental implant guide plate,
3) determining the size of the final guide hole of the dental implant guide plate according to the three-dimensional model of the oromandibular area of the patient reconstructed in the step two, designing the three-dimensional model of the dental implant guide plate corresponding to the guide hole by combining the three-dimensional model of the dental implant guide plate,
4) and designing the three-dimensional model of the dental implant guide plate by using software so as to achieve the required state.
Printing a dental implant guide plate: and (3) importing the three-dimensional model data of the manufactured dental implant guide plate into a 3D printer, layering the entity three-dimensional model data by using layering software to obtain lamellar data, and performing reverse solving manufacturing by control software according to the lamellar data, wherein the reverse solving manufacturing comprises lamellar printing and lamellar accumulation, so that the dental implant guide plate is obtained finally.
In the third step, the size of the guide hole is confirmed, the simulated planting needs to be performed in the three-dimensional model image after the registration, and the size of the guide hole is designed.
And D, post-processing the dental implant guide plate obtained in the step four, wherein the post-processing comprises smoothing the dental implant guide plate, fixing the elastic strip, and placing the infiltration film layer and the infiltration plate, the infiltration plate is embedded in the insertion groove on the adjacent round corner edge, and the insertion groove is not shown in the figure.
The implementation process of the dental implant guide plate comprises the following steps: fix implant tooth baffle in gum department, wherein be provided with planting point sleeve pipe 12 in the guiding hole 3 that sets up on location portion 1 in the base member, planting point sleeve pipe 12 joint is in guiding hole 3, planting point sleeve pipe 12 aligns with the gum of the tooth that needs to plant, the
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
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