阅读说明：本技术 一种基于slm成型的种植牙结构及其成型方法 (SLM (selective laser melting) -molding-based dental implant structure and molding method thereof ) 是由 祝毅 李健 王慧明 余梦飞 余晓雯 于 2019-10-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于SLM成型的种植牙结构及其成型方法,该结构包括用于后期种植体植入牙槽窝的牙根、用于后期基台植入后与牙龈接触起封闭作用的颈部和与正常牙齿啮合的牙冠三部分；牙冠和颈部共同构成了临床种植体的基台结构；所述基台结构上开有沉头孔和至少两个第一定位销孔,所述牙根上加工有螺纹孔和与第一定位销孔相对应的第二定位销孔；螺钉穿过沉头孔后旋入螺纹孔,第一定位销孔和第二定位销孔之间安装定位销。本发明还提供该结构的成型方法,成型获得的结构大大提高种植体初期稳定性和缩短病人治疗周期,同时提高了种植的成功率,减轻病人痛苦。(The invention discloses a dental implant structure based on SLM molding and a molding method thereof, wherein the structure comprises a tooth root used for implanting an implant into a dental socket in the later stage, a neck used for contacting with a gum after an abutment is implanted in the later stage to play a role in sealing, and a tooth crown engaged with a normal tooth; the crown and the neck jointly form an abutment structure of the clinical implant; the abutment structure is provided with a counter bore and at least two first positioning pin holes, and the tooth root is provided with a threaded hole and a second positioning pin hole corresponding to the first positioning pin holes; the screw passes through the counter bore and then screws into the threaded hole, and a positioning pin is arranged between the first positioning pin hole and the second positioning pin hole. The invention also provides a forming method of the structure, the formed structure greatly improves the initial stability of the implant, shortens the treatment period of the patient, improves the success rate of the implant and relieves the pain of the patient.)

1. A kind of implant structure based on SLM shaping, characterized by that, include the root of a tooth used for later stage implant to implant the tooth socket, the neck used for later stage abutment to contact with gingiva and play a closed role after implanting and the crown engaged with normal tooth three parts; the crown and the neck jointly form an abutment structure of the clinical implant; the abutment structure is provided with a counter bore and at least two first positioning pin holes, and the tooth root is provided with a threaded hole and a second positioning pin hole corresponding to the first positioning pin holes; the screw passes through the counter bore and then screws into the threaded hole, and a positioning pin is arranged between the first positioning pin hole and the second positioning pin hole.

2. A dental implant structure according to claim 1, characterised in that the crown and neck are integrally formed in a print.

3. A method for forming a dental implant structure based on SLM forming is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) establishing an implant model according to the teeth of a patient;

(2) after a row implant model is obtained, the model is divided into three parts, namely a tooth root for later stage implant implantation into an alveolar socket, a neck part for later stage abutment implantation to contact with a gum for sealing and a tooth crown engaged with a normal tooth; the crown and the neck jointly form an abutment structure of the clinical implant;

(3) the design of the axial fixing and circumferential fixing connection structure between the tooth root and the abutment structure specifically comprises the following steps:

when a part model is designed, a regular cylinder is directly designed at the root of a tooth and the bottom end of a base station, and is used for facilitating clamping and playing a role in positioning a central threaded hole in the subsequent process of machining the threaded hole; meanwhile, the bottom end of the cylindrical surface is directly provided with a positioning hole of the positioning pin for positioning in the processing process of the positioning pin hole;

(4) after the printing of the part is finished, firstly cutting the tooth root and the abutment from the substrate, then performing the cylindrical clamping in the machining process, after all the threaded holes and the positioning pin holes are machined, independently cutting the abutment and the tooth root, discarding the cylindrical bottom end, and finishing the machining process;

(5) the abutment structure is fitted to the root by screws.

4. The molding method according to claim 3, wherein the row implant model is established by:

firstly, CT scanning is carried out on teeth of a patient, after the CT scanning is carried out, layering processing is carried out on a CT file, the teeth part and the soft tissue part are divided according to different gray values, and after the CT image is processed, an implant model of the whole tooth is obtained.

5. The method of claim 3, wherein the crown is formed by removing a thickness of the crown on the surface of the original crown for subsequent porcelain application.

6. The molding method according to claim 3, wherein the crown and the neck are integrally molded in printing.

7. The molding process of claim 3 wherein the axial fixation is achieved by a screw arrangement to axially fix the upper abutment structure.

8. The molding method according to claim 3, wherein the circumferential fixation is achieved by positioning pins, that is, at least two positioning holes are respectively machined on both sides of the tooth root and the abutment, and the positioning pins are respectively placed to achieve the circumferential positioning effect during the abutment implantation.

9. The molding method according to claim 3, wherein the abutment is formed with a counter bore and at least two first dowel holes, and the root is formed with a threaded bore and a second dowel hole corresponding to the first dowel hole.

10. The method of claim 3, wherein the abutment and the root are individually cut by wire cutting.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of oral medical instruments, and particularly relates to a dental implant structure formed based on SLM and a forming method thereof.

Background

With the development of science and technology and the improvement of the living standard of human beings, people pay more attention to the oral health. Tooth loss, the most serious of the oral problems, is also the most common one that often occurs in people. The most effective and ideal method for solving the tooth loss is the implant, and titanium is a metal with good biocompatibility and naturally becomes the first choice of implant materials.

A conventional commercial implant is shown in fig. 1 (patent CN 108852539 a), and mainly comprises a base, a fixing screw 3 and a threaded implant 4. Wherein, the abutment mainly comprises two parts of a small dental crown 1 and a neck 2. The small dental crown is mainly used for fixing the dental crown, and after the abutment is implanted, the dental crown which is ground in advance needs to be fixed on the small dental crown in a bonding way. The neck part is contacted with the gingiva of the patient, and the gingiva is sealed after healing. The specific planting process comprises the following steps: firstly, the tooth root of a patient is pulled out, the alveolar fossa is simply closed after the tooth root is pulled out, and then the natural state of the alveolar fossa is recovered for 8-10 weeks to achieve a stable state. After the alveolar socket is restored, the root-shaped implant is implanted. Screwing the threaded implant into the alveolar socket, and sealing the upper end surface of the implant. After implant implantation, recovery is performed for another 8-10 weeks. After recovery, if the implant osseointegration effect is good, the subsequent abutment can be installed. After the abutment is attached, the crown is attached. The main problems of the current commercial implants in use mainly include the initial stability of the root-shaped implant after implantation and the overlong planting period. Because the existing clinical root-row implants are manufactured in batches, only implants with different specifications cannot be well matched with the alveolar fossa of a patient, the stability of the implants relative to the alveolar fossa after the implants are implanted has a certain problem. The initial fixation of the implant is now achieved by means of a thread on the surface of the implant, which is not very effective. Similarly, because the implant can not be completely matched with the alveolar fossa of the patient, the implant can not be implanted immediately after the tooth root of the patient is pulled out, and the implant can be implanted after the alveolar fossa is relatively stable in shape by the process of restoration of the alveolar fossa, so that the treatment period of the patient is greatly prolonged.

Due to the principle of layered forming, the formed part of the metal 3D printing technology is not limited by the space complexity of the part, and any complex curved surface in the space can be formed. In recent years, the surface quality and the molding quality of metal 3D printing technology parts have been rapidly developed. This also makes metal 3D technology widely used in medical, aerospace, education and other related fields.

The Selective Laser Melting (Selective Laser Melting) SLM technology is widely applied to metal 3D printing due to the fact that the surface quality of a formed part is high, and the precision of the formed part is high. Due to the rapid development of SLM technology, personalized dental implants are made possible. The personalized implant is an implant which is completely consistent with the shape of human teeth and is manufactured by the SLM technology.

Disclosure of Invention

Because the clinical implant has the defects of long treatment period and poor initial stability, the invention provides the implant structure based on SLM forming and the forming method thereof, which greatly improve the initial stability of the implant and shorten the treatment period of a patient, simultaneously improve the success rate of the planting and relieve the pain of the patient.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a kind of implant structure based on SLM shaping, including the root of a tooth used for later stage implant to implant into the alveolus fossa, the neck used for later stage abutment to contact with gum and play a closed role and the crown engaged with normal tooth after implantation; the crown and the neck jointly form an abutment structure of the clinical implant; the abutment structure is provided with a counter bore and at least two first positioning pin holes, and the tooth root is provided with a threaded hole and a second positioning pin hole corresponding to the first positioning pin holes; the screw passes through the counter bore and then screws into the threaded hole, and a positioning pin is arranged between the first positioning pin hole and the second positioning pin hole.

Further, the crown and the neck are integrally formed in printing.

The invention also provides a method for forming the implant structure based on SLM forming, which comprises the following steps:

(1) establishing an implant model according to the teeth of a patient;

(2) after a row implant model is obtained, the model is divided into three parts, namely a tooth root for later stage implant implantation into an alveolar socket, a neck part for later stage abutment implantation to contact with a gum for sealing and a tooth crown engaged with a normal tooth; the crown and the neck jointly form an abutment structure of the clinical implant;

(3) the design of the axial fixing and circumferential fixing connection structure between the tooth root and the abutment structure specifically comprises the following steps:

when a part model is designed, a regular cylinder is directly designed at the root of the tooth and the bottom end of the abutment, and is used for facilitating clamping and playing a role in positioning a central threaded hole in the subsequent process of machining the threaded hole. Meanwhile, the bottom end of the cylindrical surface is directly provided with a positioning hole of the positioning pin for positioning in the processing process of the positioning pin hole;

(4) after the printing of the part is finished, firstly cutting the tooth root and the abutment from the substrate, then performing the cylindrical clamping in the machining process, after all the threaded holes and the positioning pin holes are machined, independently cutting the abutment and the tooth root, discarding the cylindrical bottom end, and finishing the machining process;

(5) the abutment structure is fitted to the root by screws.

Further, the method for establishing the line implant model comprises the following steps:

firstly, CT scanning is carried out on teeth of a patient, after the CT scanning is carried out, layering processing is carried out on a CT file, the teeth part and the soft tissue part are divided according to different gray values, and after the CT image is processed, an implant model of the whole tooth is obtained.

Further, the dental crown needs to be removed by a thickness on the surface based on the original dental crown for the subsequent porcelain.

Further, the crown and the neck are integrally formed in printing.

Further, the axial fixation adopts a screw structure to realize the axial fixation of the upper base station structure.

Furthermore, the circumferential fixation is realized through positioning pins, namely at least two positioning holes are respectively processed at the two sides of the tooth root and the abutment, and the positioning pins are respectively placed to realize the circumferential positioning effect in the abutment implantation process.

Furthermore, a counter bore and at least two first positioning pin holes are processed on the abutment, and a threaded hole and a second positioning pin hole corresponding to the first positioning pin holes are needed to be processed on the tooth root.

Further, the abutment and the root are cut separately by a linear cutting method.

Compared with the background technology, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the dental structure of the implant of the invention is completely consistent with the tooth root structure of a patient and can also be completely matched with the alveolar fossa of the patient. Due to the complete matching of the structures, the treatment period of recovering the dental socket is not needed after the tooth root of the patient is pulled out, and the implant can be directly implanted into the dental socket of the patient. Thus, the treatment period can be greatly shortened, and the physical and mental pains of the patient can be relieved.

(2) Because the structure of the personalized implant is completely matched with the alveolar fossa of the patient, the initial stability of the implant after implantation is greatly improved. The improvement of the initial stability of the implant can greatly promote the osseointegration process of the implant and increase the success rate of the patient implantation.

(3) Compared with the prior clinical implant, the neck part of the personalized implant abutment also completely inosculates with the teeth of the patient. The neck part can be completely inosculated with the gingiva of the patient after the abutment is implanted, thereby quickening the healing process of the gingiva of the patient and reducing the possibility of inflammation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a prior art implant system;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the planting structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the planting structure of the present invention after assembly;

FIG. 4 is a diagram of a tooth root printing model according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a diagram of a printing model of a base station.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following description and in the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings identify the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus consistent with certain aspects of the present application, as detailed in the appended claims. Various embodiments of the present description are described in an incremental manner.

It should be noted that all the directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present application are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, and the like in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indication is changed accordingly.

In addition, the descriptions referred to as "first", "second", etc. in this application are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicit ly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present application.