阅读说明：本技术 一种钻头胎体材料及其制备方法 (Drill bit matrix material and preparation method thereof ) 是由 胡可 谢焕文 刘辛 于 2019-11-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种钻头胎体材料及其制备方法,涉及粉末冶金技术领域。该钻头胎体材料可用于油气勘探PDC钻头。该钻头胎体材料通过以下原料制备得到：碳化钨硬质颗粒、钨纤维、镍粉以及铜合金；其中,所述钨纤维的体积百分含量为3～10％。该钻头胎体材料通过添加钨纤维,使得该钻头胎体强度和冲击韧性得到显著改善,从而使得使用该钻头胎体材料的钻头在中软地层中的钻井寿命大幅度提升。该钻头胎体材料的制备方法通过将碳化钨硬质颗粒、镍粉以及钨纤维混合后经装模、振实；然后在高温下熔渗铜合金后得到上述的钻头胎体材料。该方法制备得到的钻头胎体材料强度和冲击韧性高,使用寿命长。(The invention discloses a drill bit matrix material and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of powder metallurgy. The bit matrix material can be used for PDC bits for oil and gas exploration. The drill bit matrix material is prepared from the following raw materials: tungsten carbide hard particles, tungsten fibers, nickel powder and copper alloy; wherein the volume percentage of the tungsten fiber is 3-10%. The drill bit matrix material is added with tungsten fibers, so that the strength and impact toughness of the drill bit matrix are obviously improved, and the drilling life of a drill bit using the drill bit matrix material in a medium-soft stratum is greatly prolonged. The preparation method of the drill bit matrix material comprises the steps of mixing tungsten carbide hard particles, nickel powder and tungsten fibers, and then carrying out die filling and compaction; and then the drill bit matrix material is obtained after the copper alloy is melted and infiltrated at high temperature. The drill bit matrix material prepared by the method has high strength and impact toughness and long service life.)

1. The drill bit matrix material is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials:

tungsten carbide hard particles, tungsten fibers, nickel powder and copper alloy;

wherein the volume percentage of the tungsten fiber is 3-10%.

2. The drill bit matrix material of claim 1, wherein:

the diameter of the tungsten fiber is 50-100 mu m, the length-diameter ratio is 15-50, and the recrystallization starting temperature is more than 1200 ℃.

3. The drill bit matrix material of claim 1, wherein:

the crystal grains in the tungsten fiber are fibrous, the thickness of a lamella is 1-5 mu m, and the aspect ratio of the long axis and the short axis of the crystal grains is 2-5.

4. The drill bit matrix material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:

the tungsten carbide hard particles include at least one of cast tungsten carbide particles, single crystal tungsten carbide particles, and sintered tungsten carbide particles.

5. The drill bit matrix material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:

the tungsten carbide hard particles are spherical cast tungsten carbide particles and have WC and W₂The eutectic structure of C has the granularity of 200-325 meshes, the total carbon content of 3.92% (mass percent) and the hardness of 3000HV_0.1。

6. The drill bit matrix material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:

the copper alloy includes any of copper, brass, or bronze.

7. The drill bit matrix material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:

the copper alloy is Cu-Zn-Mn-Ni alloy, and the mass percentage of each component is Cu50.61%, Zn 7.78%, Mn24.97% and Ni 15.61%.

8. A method for preparing a drill bit matrix material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:

mixing the tungsten carbide hard particles, the nickel powder and the tungsten fibers, and then, loading the mixture into a mold and compacting the mixture; infiltrating the copper alloy at an elevated temperature.

9. The method for preparing a drill bit matrix material according to claim 8, wherein:

the temperature of infiltration is lower than 1200 ℃, and the holding time after infiltration is at least 1 h.

10. The method for preparing a drill bit matrix material according to claim 8, wherein:

the infiltration is carried out in a vacuum sintering furnace, and the vacuum degree of the vacuum sintering furnace is lower than 5 Pa.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of powder metallurgy, in particular to a drill bit matrix material and a preparation method thereof.

Background

PDC (polycrystalline diamond compact) matrix drill bits are increasingly being used in oil and gas exploration. The PDC bit includes PDC cutters and a matrix, with the PDC cutters brazed to the matrix. The matrix has the functions of fixing the PDC cutting teeth and connecting the PDC cutting teeth with the drill bit steel body, is the key for ensuring the quality of the drill bit, and is of great importance to the overall drilling efficiency, service life, drilling period and cost of the drill bit. The matrix accounts for more than 40% of the cost of the whole PDC drill bit, is one of core technologies of the whole PDC drill bit, and the quality of the matrix directly determines the performance of the whole PDC drill bit. The problems of the falling of the tire body, the breaking of the blade, the core grinding, the cracking and the like seriously affect the drilling speed, increase the drilling cost and cause great economic loss. Therefore, the development of high-performance matrix materials is very important, and the development of the high-performance matrix materials has extremely important significance for manufacturing high-quality matrix drill bits.

When the drill bit is used for drilling different types of rocks, a pointed drill bit is needed to obtain a good drilling effect. The seriation of the drill bit also requires the diversification of the body performance of the drill bit, and the drill bit can select the bodies with different wear resistances aiming at rock strata with different abrasiveness. The properties of the bit matrix include wear resistance, erosion resistance, impact toughness, hardness, bending strength, coefficient of linear expansion, density, and the like. The quality of the drill bit is a composite reflection of these properties. The main measures for improving the performance of the tire body at present are as follows:

1) the tap density of the framework powder is adjusted to improve the hardness of the matrix of the drill bit, and the greater the tap density is, the higher the hardness of the matrix is. The adoption of skeleton powder with different proportions and particle sizes is an effective method for improving the density and hardness of the matrix of the drill bit.

2) Different types of tungsten carbide such as cast tungsten carbide, sintered tungsten carbide, single crystal tungsten carbide and other powder are added to adjust the comprehensive performance of the matrix material.

3) The matrix performance is improved by improving the formula of the dipping alloy, for example, a small amount of nickel, cobalt and iron are added into matrix framework powder to improve the wetting property of the dipping alloy, and the dipping alloy plays a role in dispersion strengthening.

The drilling areas are different, the rock stratum structure difference is large, the performance requirements on the drill bit are diversified, and the matrix material still has space and room for further improvement.

In view of this, the invention is particularly proposed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a drill bit matrix material and a preparation method thereof, which are characterized in that tungsten fibers are added, so that the strength and impact toughness of the drill bit matrix are obviously improved, and the drilling life of a drill bit using the drill bit matrix material in a medium-soft stratum is greatly prolonged.

The invention is realized by the following steps:

in a first aspect, embodiments provide a drill bit matrix material prepared from the following raw materials:

tungsten carbide hard particles, tungsten fibers, nickel powder and copper alloy;

wherein the volume percentage of the tungsten fiber is 3-10%.

In an alternative embodiment, the tungsten fibers have a diameter of 50 to 100 μm, an aspect ratio of 15 to 50, and a recrystallization onset temperature of greater than 1200 ℃.

In an optional embodiment, the crystal grains in the tungsten fiber are fibrous, the thickness of the lamella is 1-5 μm, and the aspect ratio of the long axis and the short axis of the crystal grains is 2-5.

In an alternative embodiment, the tungsten carbide hard particles comprise at least one of cast tungsten carbide particles, single crystal tungsten carbide particles, and sintered tungsten carbide particles.

In an alternative embodiment, the tungsten carbide hard particles are spherical cast tungsten carbide particles having WC and W₂The eutectic structure of C has the granularity of 200-325 meshes, the total carbon content of 3.92% (mass percent) and the hardness of 3000HV_0.1。

In alternative embodiments, the copper alloy comprises any of copper, brass, or bronze.

In an alternative embodiment, the copper alloy is a Cu-Zn-Mn-Ni alloy, and the mass percentages of the components are Cu50.61%, Zn 7.78%, Mn 24.97% and Ni 15.61%.

In a second aspect, embodiments provide a method of making a drill bit matrix material as in any one of the preceding embodiments, comprising:

mixing tungsten carbide hard particles, nickel powder and tungsten fibers, and then, loading the mixture into a die and compacting the mixture; and (4) infiltration of the copper alloy at high temperature.

In an alternative embodiment, the temperature of infiltration is less than 1200 ℃ and the hold time after infiltration is at least 1 hour.

In an alternative embodiment, the infiltration is performed in a vacuum sintering furnace, and the vacuum degree of the vacuum sintering furnace is lower than 5 Pa.

Embodiments of the invention have at least the following advantages or benefits:

embodiments of the present invention provide a bit matrix material that may be used in PDC bits for oil and gas exploration. The drill bit matrix material is prepared from the following raw materials: tungsten carbide hard particles, tungsten fibers and copper alloys; wherein the volume percentage of the tungsten fiber is 3-10%. The drill bit matrix material is added with tungsten fibers, so that the strength and impact toughness of the drill bit matrix are obviously improved, and the drilling life of a drill bit using the drill bit matrix material in a medium-soft stratum is greatly prolonged.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method of the drill bit matrix material, which comprises the steps of mixing the tungsten carbide hard particles, the nickel powder and the tungsten fibers, and then carrying out die filling and compaction; and then the drill bit matrix material is obtained after the copper alloy is melted and infiltrated at high temperature. The drill bit matrix material prepared by the method has high strength and impact toughness and long service life.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.

The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.

The embodiment of the invention provides a drill bit matrix material which is prepared from the following raw materials:

tungsten carbide hard particles, tungsten fibers, nickel powder and copper alloy;

wherein the volume percentage of the tungsten fiber is 3-10%.

In detail, the strength and the impact toughness of the drill bit matrix are obviously improved by adding the tungsten fibers, so that the drilling life of a drill bit using the drill bit matrix material in a medium-soft stratum is greatly prolonged.

Preferably, the tungsten fibers have a diameter of 50 to 100 μm, an aspect ratio of 15 to 50, and a recrystallization initiation temperature of more than 1200 ℃. And the crystal grains in the tungsten fiber are fibrous, the thickness of the lamella is 1-5 μm, and the aspect ratio of the long axis and the short axis of the crystal grains is 2-5. The strength and impact toughness of the drill bit matrix material prepared by the method are effectively improved by controlling the diameter, the length-diameter ratio, the recrystallization starting temperature, the lamella thickness and the aspect ratio of the long axis and the short axis of the crystal grains of the tungsten fibers. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the diameter, aspect ratio, recrystallization start temperature, thickness of the sheet layer, and aspect ratio of the major axis and the minor axis of the crystal grains of the tungsten fiber can be adjusted and selected according to the requirement, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the tungsten carbide hard particles include at least one of cast tungsten carbide particles, single crystal tungsten carbide particles, and sintered tungsten carbide particles. The nickel powder is water-atomized nickel powder, is approximately spherical and has the granularity of 325-400 meshes.

Specifically, the embodiment of the present invention employs cast tungsten carbide particles, and is spherical cast tungsten carbide particles, and it has WC and W₂The eutectic structure of C has the granularity of 200-325 meshes, the total carbon content of 3.92% (mass percent) and the hardness of 3000HV_0.1. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, parameters such as particle size and carbon content may also be selected and adjusted according to requirements, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited.

Also, in embodiments of the invention, the copper alloy comprises any of copper, brass or bronze. Specifically, in the embodiment of the invention, the copper alloy is a Cu-Zn-Mn-Ni alloy, and the mass percentages of the components are Cu50.61%, Zn 7.78%, Mn 24.97% and Ni 15.61%. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the mass percentage of each component of the copper alloy may also be adjusted according to requirements, and the embodiments of the present invention are not described again.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method of the drill bit matrix material, which comprises the following steps:

mixing tungsten carbide hard particles, nickel powder and tungsten fibers, and then, die filling and compacting; the copper alloy is then infiltrated at high temperature. The drill bit matrix material prepared by the method has high strength and impact toughness and long service life.

It is noted that the temperature of infiltration is less than 1200 ℃, and the holding time after infiltration is at least 1 h. The infiltration is carried out in a vacuum sintering furnace, and the vacuum degree of the vacuum sintering furnace is lower than 5 Pa.

The selection of specific parameters in the drill bit matrix material and the preparation method thereof will be described in detail with reference to the following examples.

The tungsten carbide powder selected in the following examples was a spherical cast tungsten carbide powder having WC and W₂The eutectic structure of C has the granularity of 200-325 meshes, the total carbon content of 3.92% (mass percent) and the hardness of 3000HV_0.1. The nickel powder is water atomized nickel powder, is nearly spherical, the copper alloy with the granularity of 325-400 meshes is Cu-Zn-Mn-Ni alloy, the mass percentage of each component is Cu 50.61%, Zn 7.78%, Mn 24.97% and Ni 15.61%, and the balance is other elements