Automatic control device for oil well casing pressure
阅读说明：本技术 油井套管压力自动控制装置 (Automatic control device for oil well casing pressure ) 是由 陈建中 于 2018-07-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了油井套管压力自动控制装置,包括气液混合雾化器、PLC控制器、高压电磁阀、压力传感器、流量计、变频电机、双螺杆油气混输泵以及防爆控制柜；气液混合雾化器可以通过高压井液的流动把低压的气体带入并雾化,再通过变频双螺杆油气混输泵输送到采油管线；回压管线压力向管线输送平衡压力的混合气液,保证了原采油设备的正常工作；本发明通过提升油井液面,每口油井可以提升产量10％-30％,有明显增产效果。(The invention discloses an automatic control device for oil well casing pressure, which comprises a gas-liquid mixing atomizer, a PLC (programmable logic controller), a high-pressure electromagnetic valve, a pressure sensor, a flowmeter, a variable frequency motor, a double-screw oil-gas mixed delivery pump and an explosion-proof control cabinet, wherein the gas-liquid mixing atomizer is connected with the PLC; the gas-liquid mixing atomizer can bring low-pressure gas into and atomize the high-pressure well liquid through the flow of the high-pressure well liquid, and then the gas is conveyed to an oil production pipeline through a variable-frequency double-screw oil-gas mixing conveying pump; the back pressure pipeline pressure transmits the mixed gas-liquid with balanced pressure to the pipeline, so that the normal work of the original oil extraction equipment is ensured; by lifting the liquid level of the oil well, the yield of each oil well can be increased by 10-30%, and the yield is obviously increased.)
1. Oil well casing pressure automatic control device, its characterized in that: the system comprises a gas-liquid mixing atomizer, a PLC (programmable logic controller), a high-pressure electromagnetic valve, a pressure sensor, a flowmeter, a variable frequency motor, a double-screw oil-gas mixed transportation pump and an explosion-proof control cabinet;
the PLC is arranged in the explosion-proof control cabinet; the pressure sensors comprise three groups and are connected to the input end of the PLC; the flowmeter is connected with the input end of the PLC; the variable frequency motor is connected with the output end of the PLC;
the high-pressure electromagnetic valves comprise three groups which are respectively arranged on the oil well liquid inlet pipeline, the oil well liquid outlet pipeline and the natural gas inlet pipeline; the three groups of pressure sensors are also respectively arranged at the front end of the high-pressure electromagnetic valve and are positioned on the oil well liquid inlet pipeline, the oil well liquid outlet pipeline and the natural gas inlet pipeline;
the pressure sensor and the high-pressure electromagnetic valve sensor which are arranged on the oil well liquid inlet pipeline are a first pressure sensor and a first high-pressure electromagnetic valve; the pressure sensor and the high-pressure electromagnetic valve sensor which are arranged on the oil well liquid outlet pipeline are a second pressure sensor and a second high-pressure electromagnetic valve; the pressure sensor and the high-pressure electromagnetic valve sensor which are arranged on the natural gas inlet pipeline are a third pressure sensor and a third high-pressure electromagnetic valve;
the output end of the first high-pressure electromagnetic valve is connected with the input end of the gas-liquid mixing atomizer; the output end of the third high-voltage electromagnetic valve is connected with the input end of the gas-liquid mixing atomizer after being connected with the flowmeter;
the output end of the gas-liquid mixing atomizer is connected with the input end of a double-screw oil-gas mixing conveying pump; the output end of the double-screw oil-gas mixed conveying pump is connected with a second high-pressure electromagnetic valve; and the control end of the double-screw oil-gas mixed transportation pump is connected with a variable frequency motor.
2. The automatic control device for casing pressure of oil well according to claim 1, wherein: high-pressure valves are independently arranged on the oil well liquid inlet pipeline and the oil well liquid outlet pipeline, and a high-pressure gas valve is independently arranged on the natural gas inlet pipeline.
3. The automatic control device for casing pressure of oil well according to claim 1, wherein: the gas-liquid mixing atomizer enables well liquid to pass through the mixer, low-pressure gas is brought into the mixer and atomized, atomized mixed gas-liquid is balanced to enter an oil pipeline through the variable-frequency double-screw oil-gas mixing transmission pump, recycling of pressure generation source natural gas in the sleeve is completed, and therefore casing pressure control is completed.
4. The automatic control device for casing pressure of oil well according to claim 1, wherein: all parts of the device are externally provided with an explosion-proof cabinet or an explosion-proof structure, the sensor and the control cabinet adopt four-stage explosion-proof products, and the electromagnetic valve adopts a product with a power-off automatic closing function.
5. The automatic control device for casing pressure of oil well according to claim 1, wherein: the PLC is provided with a network communication module and can transmit oil well pressure data.
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device for controlling the pressure of an oil well casing, in particular to an automatic control device for the pressure of the oil well casing.
Background
Casing pressure is pressure generated by volatilization of underground natural gas in a gap between an oil well shaft and an oil pumping pipe, and is less than several kilograms and more than dozens of kilograms (each kilogram of pressure can cause the liquid level in the shaft to sink 10 meters), so that the effect of oil extraction equipment and the oil extraction amount are greatly influenced; at present, no professional automatic casing pressure control device exists in all oil well oil extraction processes in the world, the earliest casing pressure control method is air discharge or ignition combustion, and after the current environmental protection requirement is strict, the only method is to additionally install an oil casing communicating valve at a casing gas outlet and connect casing gas with an oil production pipeline through a pressure valve.
At present, more than 20 ten thousand oil wells (excluding gas wells) are used for oil extraction in China, most of the oil fields in China exceed the oil-rich condition, the oil extraction is basically carried out in a water injection oil extraction mode, more than half of the pressure of the oil well casing pipe cannot exceed the return pressure of an oil extraction pipeline, casing gas (natural gas) cannot be recovered in an oil casing communication mode, the casing pipe pressure causes the liquid level of the oil well to sink, only emptying operation can be adopted in the actual oil extraction process, if 200 cubic meters of natural gas is discharged to the air by one oil well in one day, 2000 ten thousand cubic meters of natural gas is wasted and pollutes the environment, the country requires rural coal to change gas at present, the 'gas waste' occurs in the country in the last winter, and the demand for the natural gas is increased. In addition, by lifting the liquid level of the oil well, the yield of each oil well can be increased by 10-30%, and the quantity is data which is not easy to calculate, so that the invention improves the oil and gas yield, more importantly, the invention thoroughly solves the pollution emission of the wellhead of the oil well, realizes energy conservation, environmental protection and safe production, and is a new invention beneficial to the nation, the people and enterprises.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automatic control device for oil well casing pressure, which is an effective method for safe, simple, low-cost, full-automatic, intelligent management and remote control, automatically controls the oil casing pressure, improves the underground liquid level, improves the efficiency of oil extraction equipment, improves the crude oil yield, can comprehensively recover natural gas resources and improve the single-well natural gas yield, ensures the automation and intelligence degree of the device without the need of special supervision, saves human resources, reduces the management cost and meets the requirement of oil field quadrupleization.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize: the system comprises a gas-liquid mixing atomizer, a PLC (programmable logic controller), a high-pressure electromagnetic valve, a pressure sensor, a flowmeter, a variable frequency motor, a double-screw oil-gas mixed transportation pump and an explosion-proof control cabinet;
the PLC is arranged in the explosion-proof control cabinet; the pressure sensors comprise three groups and are connected to the input end of the PLC; the flowmeter is connected with the input end of the PLC; the variable frequency motor is connected with the output end of the PLC;
the high-pressure electromagnetic valves comprise three groups which are respectively arranged on the oil well liquid inlet pipeline, the oil well liquid outlet pipeline and the natural gas inlet pipeline; the three groups of pressure sensors are also respectively arranged at the front end of the high-pressure electromagnetic valve and are positioned on the oil well liquid inlet pipeline, the oil well liquid outlet pipeline and the natural gas inlet pipeline;
the pressure sensor and the high-pressure electromagnetic valve sensor which are arranged on the oil well liquid inlet pipeline are a first pressure sensor and a first high-pressure electromagnetic valve; the pressure sensor and the high-pressure electromagnetic valve sensor which are arranged on the oil well liquid outlet pipeline are a second pressure sensor and a second high-pressure electromagnetic valve; the pressure sensor and the high-pressure electromagnetic valve sensor which are arranged on the natural gas inlet pipeline are a third pressure sensor and a third high-pressure electromagnetic valve;
the output end of the first high-pressure electromagnetic valve is connected with the input end of the gas-liquid mixing atomizer; the output end of the third high-voltage electromagnetic valve is connected with the input end of the gas-liquid mixing atomizer after being connected with the flowmeter;
the output end of the gas-liquid mixing atomizer is connected with the input end of a double-screw oil-gas mixing conveying pump; the output end of the double-screw oil-gas mixed conveying pump is connected with a second high-pressure electromagnetic valve; and the control end of the double-screw oil-gas mixed transportation pump is connected with a variable frequency motor.
High-pressure valves are independently arranged on the oil well liquid inlet pipeline and the oil well liquid outlet pipeline, and a high-pressure gas valve is independently arranged on the natural gas inlet pipeline.
The gas-liquid mixing atomizer enables well liquid to pass through the mixer, low-pressure gas is brought into the mixer and atomized, atomized mixed gas-liquid is balanced to enter an oil pipeline through the variable-frequency double-screw oil-gas mixing transmission pump, recycling of pressure generation source natural gas in the sleeve is completed, and therefore casing pressure control is completed.
All parts of the device are externally provided with an explosion-proof cabinet or an explosion-proof structure, the sensor and the control cabinet adopt four-stage explosion-proof products, and the electromagnetic valve adopts a product with a power-off automatic closing function.
The PLC is provided with a network communication module and can transmit oil well pressure data.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the gas-liquid mixing atomizer can bring low-pressure gas into the high-pressure well liquid to be atomized through the flow of the high-pressure well liquid, and then the gas is conveyed to an oil production pipeline through the variable-frequency double-screw oil-gas mixing conveying pump.
2. The frequency conversion twin-screw oil gas multiphase pump after transformation passes through PLC computer control program, carries the mixed gas-liquid of equilibrium pressure to the pipeline according to back pressure pipeline pressure, has guaranteed former oil recovery equipment's normal work, can not get into because hang down, also can not be because too high to the pipeline pressure that appears in the opposite direction, influence oil recovery equipment normal work, increase the pump efficiency.
3, the PLC intelligent automatic control program fully realizes the automatic control of the sleeve pressure, and the opening and closing of the equipment are performed fully automatically; the flow meter automatically records the quantity of the natural gas recovered by the equipment, increases the yield, saves resources and solves the problem of emission pollution.
4. The device realizes the big data remote transmission function, all data (including the real-time instantaneous flow and the accumulated flow data of the flowmeter) realized on the device and the operation condition of the device can be transmitted to a specified computer or a mobile phone by means of wireless network flow, and meanwhile, the problems of loss of pressure of a device pipeline, leakage of sleeve gas, partial phase loss, loss of pressure, overheating and the like of an electric appliance can be timely alarmed, the shutdown operation is realized by the computer and the mobile phone, and the on-off performance exceeds the four-purpose requirement of an oil field.
5. The electromagnetic valve, the flowmeter and the variable-frequency double-screw oil-gas mixed transportation pump used by the device have the advantages that various sensors comprise an electric control cabinet and completely adopt 4-level explosion-proof products, all electromagnetic valves completely adopt a power-off automatic closing function, natural gas is guaranteed, well liquid cannot be leaked or backflow is avoided, and the safety and reliability of the device are guaranteed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the automatic control device for the oil well casing pressure of the invention comprises a gas-liquid mixing atomizer 1, a
the
the high-pressure
the pressure sensor and the high-pressure electromagnetic valve sensor which are arranged on the oil well liquid inlet pipeline are a
the output end of the first high-pressure
the output end of the gas-liquid mixing atomizer 1 is connected with the input end of a double-screw oil-gas mixing transmission pump 7; the output end of the double-screw oil-gas mixed delivery pump 7 is connected with a second high-pressure
High-pressure valves are independently arranged on the oil well liquid inlet pipeline and the oil well liquid outlet pipeline, and a high-pressure gas valve is independently arranged on the natural gas inlet pipeline.
The gas-liquid mixing atomizer 1 is used for enabling well liquid to pass through the mixer, low-pressure gas is brought into the mixer and atomized, the atomized mixed gas-liquid is enabled to enter an oil pipeline in a balanced mode through the variable frequency motor 6 and the double-screw oil-gas mixing and conveying pump 7, recycling of natural gas of a pressure generation source in the sleeve is completed, and therefore casing pressure control is completed.
All parts of the device are externally provided with an explosion-proof control cabinet 8 or an explosion-proof structure, the sensor and the control cabinet adopt four-stage explosion-proof products, and the electromagnetic valve adopts a product with a power-off automatic closing function.
The