阅读说明：本技术 一种可编程的幅相可调功率分配单元及可调功率分配网络 (Programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit and adjustable power distribution network ) 是由 马建国 杨圣辉 于 2019-09-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种可编程的幅相可调功率分配单元及可调功率分配网络,包括有2<Sup>N－1</Sup>个结构相同的可编程的幅相可调功率分配单元,每个可编程的幅相可调功率分配单元均有一个输入端两个输出端,以及用于分别调节两个输出端的幅度和相位的两个可调电阻,其特征在于,第一个可编程的幅相可调功率分配单元的输入端连接外部射频信号输入IN,每个可编程的幅相可调功率分配单元的两个输出端都分别连接一个可编程的幅相可调功率分配单元的输入端,形成N级级联的具有2<Sup>N</Sup>个相同输出的可调功率分配网络,每个可编程的幅相可调功率分配单元中的一个可调电阻的调节端通过第一可编程控制输入端口IN1连接外部。本发明能够实现高幅值、相位一致性的功率分配网络,且满足低成本的条件。(A programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit and adjustable power distribution network comprises 2 N－1 The programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit is characterized IN that the input end of the first programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit is connected with an external radio frequency signal input IN, the two output ends of each programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit are respectively connected with the input end of one programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit, and an N-stage cascade connection with 2 is formed N The adjustable power distribution network with the same output, and the adjusting end of one adjustable resistor IN each programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit is connected with the outside through a first programmable control input port IN 1. The invention can realize a power distribution network with high amplitude and phase consistency and meet the condition of low cost.)

1. A programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit comprises a first NMOS transistor (M1), a second NMOS transistor (M2) and a third NMOS transistor (M3) which are identical in structure, and is characterized in that the sources of the first NMOS transistor (M1), the second NMOS transistor (M2) and the third NMOS transistor (M3) are respectively grounded through a source resistor (RL1), and the drains of the first NMOS transistor, the second NMOS transistor and the third NMOS transistor are respectively connected with an external power supply through a drain resistor (RL2), wherein the drain of the first NMOS transistor (M1) is connected with the gate of the second NMOS transistor (M2), the source of the first NMOS transistor (M1) is connected with the gate of the third NMOS transistor (M3), the source of the second NMOS transistor (M2) forms a first output end OUT1 of the programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit, and the drain of the third NMOS transistor (M3) forms a second output end OUT2 of the programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit, the drain electrode of the second NMOS transistor (M2) is grounded through a first adjustable resistor (R1), the source electrode of the third NMOS transistor (M3) is grounded through a second adjustable resistor (R2), and the amplitude and the phase of the first output end OUT1 and the second output end OUT2 are adjusted by adjusting the resistance values of the first adjustable resistor (R1) and the second adjustable resistor (R2).

2. A programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the source resistance (RL1) and the drain resistance (RL2) are of the same resistance.

3. A programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the output voltage gains Av1 and Av2 of the first output terminal OUT1 and the second output terminal OUT2 of the programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit are as follows:

where R is the equivalent resistance of the drain and source of each transistor, and gm is the transconductance of the transistors.

4. A tunable power distribution network comprising the programmable amplitude-phase tunable power distribution unit of claim 1, comprising 2^N－1The programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit is characterized IN that the input end of the first programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit is connected with an external radio frequency signal input IN, the two output ends of each programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit are respectively connected with the input end of one programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit, and an N-stage cascade connection with 2 is formed^NIN the adjustable power distribution network with the same output OUT, the adjusting end of one adjustable resistor (R1) IN each programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit is connected with an external control unit through a first programmable control input port IN1, and the adjusting end of the other adjustable resistor (R2) is connected with the external control unit through a second programmable control input port IN 2.

5. The tunable power distribution network of claim 4, wherein the external control unit adjusts the output of the tunable power distribution network by adjusting the resistance of the two tunable resistors in each programmable amplitude-phase tunable power distribution unit.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a programmable power distribution circuit. In particular, to a programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit and an adjustable power distribution network.

Background

In a millimeter wave communication system, a large-scale power distribution network is required to realize cooperative work among array elements, and a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna array technology also needs to be supported by the large-scale power distribution network.

The amplitude and phase consistency of the power distribution circuit are key indexes of the power distribution circuit, when the amplitudes and phases of the multi-path output signals are inconsistent, the two paths of output signals cannot keep synchronous, and the working state of the system is seriously influenced, so that the problem of maintaining the high amplitude and phase consistency of the power distribution network is urgently needed to be overcome. The traditional power distribution structure represented by the Wilkinson power distributor depends on layout symmetry and process stability, if mismatch occurs, the power distribution structure is difficult to continue to use, the difficulty can be relieved by researching a programmable calibration power distribution network, and the normal work of the power distribution network is ensured to the maximum extent.

In addition, the power distribution network has a certain loss, in a passive implementation scheme, the loss is gradually superposed, along with the expansion of the array scale, the loss generated by the power distribution network is unacceptable, an additional compensation circuit is needed, a large amount of energy is consumed, the system cost is increased, and meanwhile, the huge chip area cost brought by the passive scheme also becomes a main restriction factor. This problem can be alleviated to some extent by using an active compact solution with low losses and low power consumption.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit and an adjustable power distribution network which realize high amplitude and phase consistency by a programming calibration mode.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit comprises a first NMOS transistor, a second NMOS transistor and a third NMOS transistor which are identical in structure, wherein the source electrodes of the first NMOS transistor, the second NMOS transistor and the third NMOS transistor are respectively grounded through a source resistor, the drain electrodes of the first NMOS transistor, the second NMOS transistor and the third NMOS transistor are respectively connected with an external power supply through a drain resistor, the drain electrode of the first NMOS transistor is connected with the grid electrode of the second NMOS transistor, the source electrode of the first NMOS transistor is connected with the grid electrode of the third NMOS transistor, the source electrode of the second NMOS transistor forms a first output end OUT1 of the programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit, the drain electrode of the third NMOS transistor forms a second output end OUT2 of the programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit, the drain electrode of the second NMOS transistor is further grounded through a first adjustable resistor, and the source electrode of the third NMOS transistor is further grounded through a second adjustable resistor, by adjusting the resistance values of the first adjustable resistor and the second adjustable resistor, the amplitude and the phase of the first output end OUT1 and the second output end OUT2 are adjusted.

And the source resistor and the drain resistor have the same resistance value.

A power-adjustable distribution network composed of programmable amplitude-phase power-adjustable distribution units is composed of 2^N－1The programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit is characterized IN that the input end of the first programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit is connected with an external radio frequency signal input IN, the two output ends of each programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit are respectively connected with the input end of one programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit, and an N-stage cascade connection with 2 is formed^NIN the adjustable power distribution network with the same output OUT, the adjusting end of one adjustable resistor IN each programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit is connected with an external control unit through a first programmable control input port IN1, and the adjusting end of the other adjustable resistor is connected with the external control unit through a second programmable control input port IN 2.

The external control unit adjusts the resistance values of two adjustable resistors in each programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit to achieve the purpose of adjusting the output of the adjustable power distribution network.

The programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit and the adjustable power distribution network can realize the power distribution network with high amplitude and phase consistency and meet the condition of low cost. The invention has the characteristics of simple structure, small area and low loss, and can efficiently realize large-scale expansion application. The invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the introduced programmable amplitude and phase adjusting mechanism can realize accurate amplitude and phase calibration of the power distribution network, and the control can be realized by only two bits at least, so the method can be applied to large-scale power distribution networks, and meanwhile, the product can be calibrated at any time after being processed, so that the yield is improved, and the practicability is enhanced.

(2) The active structure is adopted to realize power distribution, 3dB inherent loss of each stage caused by power division is reduced, and even certain gain is brought.

(3) The power distribution structure taking the active structure as the main body greatly relieves the problem of chip area caused by large-area passive devices and reduces the cost.

(4) The power distribution unit circuit is easy to cascade in multiple stages, and can realize the multi-stage connection of the unit circuit in a simple coupling mode, thereby realizing a large-scale power distribution network.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of the adjustable power distribution network according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit and the adjustable power distribution network of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit of the present invention includes a first NMOS transistor M1, a second NMOS transistor M2, and a third NMOS transistor M3, which have the same structure, wherein the sources of the first NMOS transistor M1, the second NMOS transistor M2, and the third NMOS transistor M3 are grounded through a source resistor RL1, the drains of the first NMOS transistor M1, the second NMOS transistor M2, and the third NMOS transistor M3535 are connected to an external power source through a drain resistor RL2, and the source resistor RL1 and the drain resistor RL2 have the same resistance value. The drain of the first NMOS transistor M1 is connected to the gate of the second NMOS transistor M2, the source of the first NMOS transistor M1 is connected to the gate of the third NMOS transistor M3, the source of the second NMOS transistor M2 forms the first output end OUT1 of the programmable amplitude-phase-adjustable power distribution unit, the drain of the third NMOS transistor M3 forms the second output end OUT2 of the programmable amplitude-phase-adjustable power distribution unit, the drain of the second NMOS transistor M2 is further grounded through the first adjustable resistor R1, the source of the third NMOS transistor M3 is further grounded through the second adjustable resistor R2, and the amplitude and the phase of the first output end OUT1 and the second output end OUT2 are adjusted by adjusting the resistance values of the first adjustable resistor R1 and the second adjustable resistor R2.

The gain of the programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit is analyzed (without a programmable control part), and two paths of output gains are obtained: a

The gain amplifier comprises Av1 and Av2 as output voltage gains of a 1 st circuit and a 2 nd circuit, Vout1 and Vout2 as output voltages of the 1 st circuit and the 2 nd circuit, Vin as a total input signal voltage, Vin 'and Vin' as a drain output voltage and a source output voltage of a first transistor M1, I2 and I3 as a drain current of a second transistor M2 and a drain current of a third transistor M3, RD and RS as a drain resistance and a source resistance of each transistor, V1 and V2 as gate-source voltage differences of the first transistor and the second transistor, gm as transconductance of the transistors, and RL as load resistance of an output end.

When the drain and source resistances of each transistor are equal, we can get:

wherein, R is the equivalent resistance of the drain electrode and the source electrode of each transistor.

Due to the balanced symmetrical structure of the programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit circuit, two paths of output of the circuit have the same amplitude and phase.

In addition, in order to ensure the consistency of two paths of working states, two adjustable resistors for calibration are added in each programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit circuit, programmable control is respectively carried out on two paths of outputs, the adjustable resistors can compensate output mismatch conditions caused by various reasons, and accurate amplitude and phase calibration is realized through analog continuous control.

On the basis of the programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit, the programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit is continuously cascaded, and large-scale multi-output can be realized. Under the condition that the condition allows, each adjustable device in the large-scale power distribution network can be subjected to programmable control, and under the condition that the control bit is limited, a good effect can be achieved by only using two-bit control.

As shown in FIG. 2, the tunable power distribution network of the present invention, which is composed of programmable amplitude-phase tunable power distribution units, comprises 2^N－1The programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution units are of the same structure, each programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit is provided with two input ends and two output ends, and two adjustable resistors are used for adjusting the amplitude and the phase of the two output ends respectively, the input end of the first programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit is connected with an external radio frequency signal input IN, the two output ends of each programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit are connected with the input end of the programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit respectively, and an N-stage cascade is formed and provided with 2 stages^NIN the adjustable power distribution network with the same output OUT, the adjusting end of one adjustable resistor R1 IN each programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit is connected with an external control unit through a first programmable control input port IN1, and the adjusting end of the other adjustable resistor R2 is connected with the external control unit through a second programmable control input port IN 2.

The external control unit adjusts the resistance values of two adjustable resistors in each programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution unit to achieve the purpose of adjusting the output of the adjustable power distribution network. The first programmable control input port IN1 and the second programmable control input port IN2 provide control signals for all adjustable devices IN the circuit, the control signals are analog signals, the analog signals can be generated by external programming, and under the control of the two paths of signals, the value of an adjustable resistor IN an adjustable power distribution network formed by programmable amplitude-phase adjustable power distribution units can be changed, so that the amplitude and the phase of each output path are changed. The signals output by the output ports are theoretically equal IN amplitude and IN phase, but the amplitude and the phase of each output port are not completely consistent due to the existence of process deviation and the like, so that the signals can be adjusted by the first programmable control input port IN1 and the second programmable control input port IN 2.