阅读说明：本技术 一种改进型花生收获机 (Improved generation peanut harvester ) 是由 *** 张鹏辉 邓立峰 胡慧 于 2019-10-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及花生收获机领域,公开了一种改进型花生收获机,包括机架、链梯输送机构、碎土机构、防缠结机构和动力机构。在机架的下方活动安装有限深辊和地轮,限深辊位于机架的前端,地轮位于限深辊的后方；在机架的前端上部设置有用于与外部牵引机械连接的悬挂架；在机架的前端下部安装有犁铲；链梯输送机构位于犁铲后方并与犁铲配合；碎土机构安装于链梯输送机构上方；防缠结机构包括位于犁铲两侧并轴向竖直设置的防缠结辊筒；动力机构用于为链梯输送机构、碎土机构和防缠结机构提供动力。本发明结构简单牢固,制造成本低,适应性和可调性好,对花生果秧进行收获后规整性好,收获损失率低,使用效果好。(The invention relates to the field of peanut harvesters, and discloses an improved peanut harvester which comprises a rack, a chain ladder conveying mechanism, a soil crushing mechanism, an anti-tangling mechanism and a power mechanism. A depth limiting roller and a ground wheel are movably arranged below the rack, the depth limiting roller is positioned at the front end of the rack, and the ground wheel is positioned behind the depth limiting roller; a suspension bracket used for being connected with an external traction machine is arranged at the upper part of the front end of the frame; a plough shovel is arranged at the lower part of the front end of the frame; the chain ladder conveying mechanism is positioned behind the plough shovel and matched with the plough shovel; the soil crushing mechanism is arranged above the chain ladder conveying mechanism; the anti-tangling mechanism comprises anti-tangling rollers which are positioned at two sides of the plough shovel and are vertically arranged in the axial direction; the power mechanism is used for providing power for the chain ladder conveying mechanism, the soil crushing mechanism and the anti-tangling mechanism. The peanut seedling harvester has the advantages of simple and firm structure, low manufacturing cost, good adaptability and adjustability, good regularity after harvesting of peanut seedlings, low harvesting loss rate and good use effect.)

1. An improved peanut harvester is characterized by comprising

A frame; a depth limiting roller and a land wheel are movably mounted below the rack, the depth limiting roller is positioned at the front end of the rack, and the land wheel is positioned behind the depth limiting roller; a suspension bracket used for being connected with an external traction machine is arranged at the upper part of the front end of the frame; a plough shovel is arranged at the lower part of the front end of the frame;

the chain ladder conveying mechanism is positioned behind the plough shovel and matched with the plough shovel; the chain ladder conveying mechanism comprises an annular chain belt which rotates for transmission; the annular chain belt is of a structure with a high front part and a low back part; the ground clearance of the upper surface of the rear end of the annular chain belt is not more than 50 cm;

the soil crushing mechanism is arranged above the chain ladder conveying mechanism; the soil crushing mechanism comprises a front soil crushing rubber roller and a rear soil crushing rubber roller which are horizontally arranged to rotate and are parallel to each other; the distance between the front soil crushing rubber roller and the annular chain belt is smaller than the distance between the rear soil crushing rubber roller and the annular chain belt;

an anti-tangling mechanism; the anti-tangling mechanism comprises anti-tangling rollers which are positioned on two sides of the plough shovel and are vertically arranged in the axial direction;

the power mechanism is used for providing power for the chain ladder conveying mechanism, the soil crushing mechanism and the anti-tangling mechanism; the power mechanism obtains external power through a universal joint arranged at the front end of the frame.

2. The improved peanut harvester of claim 1, wherein side mounting plates are provided on both sides of said frame; the side mounting plate is formed by processing a single plate; the side mounting plates are connected and reinforced through a cross beam.

3. The improved peanut harvester of claim 2, wherein said hanger includes three suspension joints triangularly disposed in a vertical plane; the three suspension joints are connected and fixed through a V-shaped frame; the suspension joint at the top is connected with the two side mounting plates and the cross beam through a reinforcing connecting rod.

4. The improved peanut harvester of claim 1, wherein the power mechanism comprises the universal joint, a reduction gearbox, and a power output shaft; the universal joint, the reduction gearbox and the power output shaft are sequentially connected; the reduction gearbox converts the power input of high rotating speed and low torque at the end where the universal joint is located into the power output of low rotating speed and high torque at the end where the power output shaft is located.

5. The improved peanut harvester of claim 1, wherein both ends of said depth stop roller are fixed to said frame by a length adjustable telescopic shaft.

6. The improved peanut harvester of claim 4, wherein the anti-tangling drum is sleeved on the vertical shaft; the lower end of the vertical shaft is connected with a bearing seat arranged on the rack, and the upper end of the vertical shaft is provided with a roller driving gear; the roller driving gear is meshed with the power output shaft through a connecting gear.

7. The improved peanut harvester as in claim 4, wherein a gathering rake is arranged on both sides of the rear end of the frame; the two furling harrows are arranged in a splayed shape; the rake teeth of the furling rake are arranged obliquely downwards.

8. The improved peanut harvester of claim 4, wherein said chain ladder transport mechanism includes a drive wheel, a chain belt strut, and said endless chain belt; the two driving wheels are respectively positioned at two ends of the rack; the annular chain belt is sleeved on the driving wheel; the annular chain belt comprises at least two annular chains which are arranged at intervals and chain rods which are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the annular chain belt; the chain rods are arranged in parallel, and transversely penetrate through the annular chains; the driving wheel is meshed with the annular chain to drive the annular chain belt to rotate; the chain belt supporting rods are arranged between the two driving wheels; the chain belt supporting rod is movably sleeved with a supporting gear; the support gear is engaged with the endless chain.

9. The improved peanut harvester as claimed in claim 8, wherein the power output shaft is connected with the front and rear soil crushing rubber rollers through connecting belts respectively to drive the front and rear soil crushing rubber rollers to rotate; a belt tensioning assembly is arranged on the frame; the belt tensioning assembly comprises a main arm, a fixed arm, a rotating arm and a fixed seat; the fixed arm, the main arm and the rotating arm are sequentially connected and are of a Z-shaped structure; the fixed arm is fixedly connected with the main arm, a rotating shaft is arranged at the joint of the fixed arm and the main arm, and the rotating shaft is arranged on the rack; the fixed arm is hinged with the rotating arm; the rotating arm penetrates through the fixed seat fixedly mounted on the rack; a spring is arranged between the tail end of the rotating arm and the fixed seat; a pinch roller is arranged at the front end of the fixed arm; the pressing wheel is pressed on the connecting belt.

10. An improved peanut harvester as in claim 9, wherein the plow blade is mounted on the frame by a support floor; a plurality of fixing screw holes are formed in the frame; the supporting base plate is fixed through the fixing screw holes and is different in inclination angle from the vertical direction.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of peanut harvesters, in particular to an improved peanut harvester.

Background

With the circulation of land, the planting area of peanuts is continuously increased, the harvesting of the peanuts is slow and heavy, particularly, when the peanuts reach the maturity and the later period, the peanuts are easy to have broken needles and fall fruits, the labor intensity becomes larger, and the peanuts are difficult to be harvested completely. Therefore, peanut harvesting machines are increasingly used, and among them, small self-propelled peanut combine harvesters have the highest preservation. At present, the traditional machine type mainly depends on a manipulator to realize alignment, the requirement on the operating skill of the manipulator is high, and a plurality of auxiliary personnel are provided during operation; the digging depth of the peanut harvester cannot be adjusted, the peanut harvester cannot adapt to the harvesting operation of various types of peanuts, and the adjustability is poor; peanut seedlings are easy to tangle on a peanut harvester, so that the harvesting operation of peanuts is influenced, and even the peanut harvester is damaged. Meanwhile, most peanut harvesters adopt a mode of combining a digging shovel and a shaking chain, can finish the working procedures of digging, shaking soil, laying and the like at one time, and in the working process, the peanut digging plough shovel shovels peanuts, the shoveled peanuts and soil slide backwards along the digging shovel surface and grid bars along with the advancing of the unit, and then the shoveled peanuts and the soil slide backwards and then are moved backwards while passing through a separate separating device, and the soil is shaken while moving backwards, and finally the peanuts are laid on the ground. The device has the advantages of complex structure, high manufacturing cost, large power consumption, poor reliability, high harvesting loss, disordered peanut seedling laying and inconvenient manual picking.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an improved peanut harvester which is additionally provided with a depth limiting roller, an anti-tangling roller and other parts, improves the adjustable performance of the peanut harvester, avoids the tangling of peanut seedlings, is matched with a secondary soil crushing structure, reduces the harvesting loss rate, ensures the harvesting regularity, and solves the problems of poor adjustable performance, poor adaptability, complex structure, high manufacturing cost, large power consumption, high possibility of tangling of the peanut seedlings and the peanut harvester, high harvesting loss, messy peanut vine laying and inconvenience in manual picking of the existing peanut harvester.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an improved peanut harvester comprises

A frame; a depth limiting roller and a land wheel are movably mounted below the rack, the depth limiting roller is positioned at the front end of the rack, and the land wheel is positioned behind the depth limiting roller; a suspension bracket used for being connected with an external traction machine is arranged at the upper part of the front end of the frame; a plough shovel is arranged at the lower part of the front end of the frame;

the chain ladder conveying mechanism is positioned behind the plough shovel and matched with the plough shovel; the chain ladder conveying mechanism comprises an annular chain belt which rotates for transmission; the annular chain belt is of a structure with a high front part and a low back part; the ground clearance of the upper surface of the rear end of the annular chain belt is not more than 50 cm;

the soil crushing mechanism is arranged above the chain ladder conveying mechanism; the soil crushing mechanism comprises a front soil crushing rubber roller and a rear soil crushing rubber roller which are horizontally arranged to rotate and are parallel to each other; the distance between the front soil crushing rubber roller and the annular chain belt is smaller than the distance between the rear soil crushing rubber roller and the annular chain belt;

an anti-tangling mechanism; the anti-tangling mechanism comprises anti-tangling rollers which are positioned on two sides of the plough shovel and are vertically arranged in the axial direction;

the power mechanism is used for providing power for the chain ladder conveying mechanism, the soil crushing mechanism and the anti-tangling mechanism; the power mechanism obtains external power through a universal joint arranged at the front end of the frame.

As a preferable scheme of the invention, side mounting plates are arranged on two sides of the frame; the side mounting plate is formed by processing a single plate; the side mounting plates are connected and reinforced through a cross beam.

As a preferable scheme of the invention, the suspension bracket comprises three suspension joints which are distributed in a triangular manner in a vertical plane; the three suspension joints are connected and fixed through a V-shaped frame; the suspension joint at the top is connected with the two side mounting plates and the cross beam through a reinforcing connecting rod.

As a preferred scheme of the invention, the power mechanism comprises the universal joint, a reduction box and a power output shaft; the universal joint, the reduction gearbox and the power output shaft are sequentially connected; the reduction gearbox converts the power input of high rotating speed and low torque at the end where the universal joint is located into the power output of low rotating speed and high torque at the end where the power output shaft is located.

As a preferable scheme of the invention, two ends of the depth-limiting roller are fixed with the frame through a telescopic shaft rod with adjustable length.

As a preferred scheme of the invention, the anti-winding roller is sleeved on the vertical shaft; the lower end of the vertical shaft is connected with a bearing seat arranged on the rack, and the upper end of the vertical shaft is provided with a roller driving gear; the roller driving gear is meshed with the power output shaft through a connecting gear.

As a preferred scheme of the invention, two sides of the rear end of the frame are provided with furling rakes; the two furling harrows are arranged in a splayed shape; the rake teeth of the furling rake are arranged obliquely downwards.

As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the chain ladder conveying mechanism includes a driving wheel, a chain belt strut, and the endless chain belt; the two driving wheels are respectively positioned at two ends of the rack; the annular chain belt is sleeved on the driving wheel; the annular chain belt comprises at least two annular chains which are arranged at intervals and chain rods which are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the annular chain belt; the chain rods are arranged in parallel, and transversely penetrate through the annular chains; the driving wheel is meshed with the annular chain to drive the annular chain belt to rotate; the chain belt supporting rods are arranged between the two driving wheels; the chain belt supporting rod is movably sleeved with a supporting gear; the support gear is engaged with the endless chain.

As a preferred scheme of the invention, the power output shaft is respectively connected with the front soil breaking rubber roller and the rear soil breaking rubber roller through a connecting belt to drive the front soil breaking rubber roller and the rear soil breaking rubber roller to rotate; a belt tensioning assembly is arranged on the frame; the belt tensioning assembly comprises a main arm, a fixed arm, a rotating arm and a fixed seat; the fixed arm, the main arm and the rotating arm are sequentially connected and are of a Z-shaped structure; the fixed arm is fixedly connected with the main arm, a rotating shaft is arranged at the joint of the fixed arm and the main arm, and the rotating shaft is arranged on the rack; the fixed arm is hinged with the rotating arm; the rotating arm penetrates through the fixed seat fixedly mounted on the rack; a spring is arranged between the tail end of the rotating arm and the fixed seat; a pinch roller is arranged at the front end of the fixed arm; the pressing wheel is pressed on the connecting belt.

As a preferable scheme of the invention, the plough shovel is arranged on the frame through a supporting bottom plate; a plurality of fixing screw holes are formed in the frame; the supporting base plate is fixed through the fixing screw holes and is different in inclination angle from the vertical direction.

In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1) the peanut harvester adopts a passive power structure, so that the production cost can be greatly reduced, the failure rate is reduced, the traction and power mechanism provides power through an external traction machine, the speed allocation among all mechanisms of the peanut harvester can be better realized, the harmony is good, for example, the speed consistency among the anti-tangling roller, the soil crushing mechanism and the annular chain belt is good, and the acceleration and the deceleration are carried out simultaneously.

2) The depth limiting roller is arranged, the excavating depth of the plough shovel can be adjusted, excavating operation of different soil qualities and peanut varieties can be used, the adaptability is good, the adjustment and control performance is greatly improved, and the operation quality is good.

3) The chain ladder type peanut seedling harvester is provided with the anti-tangling roller, so that peanut seedlings can be better folded and enter the chain ladder conveying mechanism, and normal operation is prevented from being influenced by the fact that the peanut seedlings are tangled on the plough shovel or other components.

4) According to the peanut harvesting machine, the peanut seedlings are in a lodging state by adopting the depth limiting roller in the harvesting process, and soil is crushed by being covered by the rubber roller, so that the possibility of entanglement of the peanut seedlings can be reduced, the harvesting regularity is good, manual picking is facilitated, the soil crushing effect is good, and the harvesting loss rate is low; the peanut harvester is not provided with a vibration structure to vibrate and remove soil, so that the stability is good, the energy consumption is low, the annular chain belt does not need a larger ground clearance in the operation process, a vibration space is provided, the ground clearance at the rear end of the annular chain belt is low, and the scattering of fruit seedlings caused by vibration can be avoided; the arrangement of the furling harrow is also helpful to improve the regularity of the fruit seedlings.

5) The invention has firm and reliable structure, the side mounting plate is processed by a single plate instead of a later-period welding structure, the side mounting plate is not easy to damage, the annular chain belt adopts a rod chain structure, the supporting strength is high, and the annular chain belt can be well matched with a soil crushing mechanism.

6) The invention adopts the depth-limiting roller and the land wheel to walk on the ground, has large ground contact area of the depth-limiting roller and good stability, can reduce the bearing of the land wheel and avoids the land wheel from sinking into the soil.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1-4 are schematic structural diagrams of the present invention at different angles.

The corresponding part names indicated by the numbers and letters in the drawings:

1. frame 2, mounted frame 3, universal joint

4. Reduction box 5, depth limiting roller 6, anti-tangling roller

7. Plough shovel 8, land wheel 9, furl harrow

10. Reinforcing connecting rod 11, front soil crushing rubber roller 12 and rear soil crushing rubber roller

13. Main arm 14, fixed arm 15, rotating arm

16. Fixing seat 17 is a pinch roller.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.