阅读说明：本技术 一种含有3d打印导板的股骨截骨置钉夹具及其应用 (Femur osteotomy nail-placing clamp with 3D printing guide plate and application thereof ) 是由 占师 张长青 于 2019-10-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种含有3D打印导板的股骨截骨置钉夹具,从左到右分别为股骨干固定夹具和股骨头固定夹具,分别通过可移动的支柱或支柱和滑竿与滑槽连接。3D打印导板包括契合股骨的股骨干导板和股骨头导板以及股骨干导板上附有可装卸的置针导板和二次截骨导板。本发明还公开了该股骨截骨置钉夹具在股骨截骨置钉实验中的应用。该股骨截骨置钉夹具可以将股骨和对应的3D打印导板牢固的固定在其中,为实验中的骨折的制作和螺钉的植入提供坚强固定；而且创造性的将股骨头部和股骨干部结构设计为可分离可归回的结构,可以完美的实现股骨颈骨折模型的截骨、精准复位和置钉手术,从而将样本间的手术质量差异性降到最低。(The invention discloses a femoral osteotomy nail setting clamp with a 3D printing guide plate, which is a femoral shaft fixing clamp and a femoral head fixing clamp from left to right and is respectively connected with a chute through a movable strut or a strut and a sliding rod. The 3D printing guide plate comprises a femoral shaft guide plate and a femoral head guide plate which are matched with the femur, and a needle placing guide plate and a secondary osteotomy guide plate which are detachably attached to the femoral shaft guide plate. The invention also discloses application of the femoral osteotomy nail-placing clamp in a femoral osteotomy nail-placing experiment. The femur osteotomy nail-placing clamp can firmly fix a femur and a corresponding 3D printing guide plate therein, and provides strong fixation for the manufacture of fracture and the implantation of screws in an experiment; and the structures of the head part and the trunk part of the femur are creatively designed into structures which can be separated and returned, so that the osteotomy, the accurate reduction and the nail setting operation of the femoral neck fracture model can be perfectly realized, and the difference of operation quality among samples is reduced to the minimum.)

1. The femur osteotomy nail setting clamp with the 3D printing guide plate is characterized in that a movable femoral shaft fixing clamp (1) and a movable femoral head fixing clamp (8) are respectively arranged from left to right and are positioned at the upper end of a sliding groove (6); wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the femoral shaft fixing clamp (1) is of a box-packed structure with openings at the front end and the rear end, and is connected with the sliding groove through a femoral head fixing clamp strut (5) to realize left and right movement;

the femoral head fixing clamp (8) is of a box-packed structure with openings on two adjacent surfaces, and the femoral head fixing clamp support (7) slides on a femoral head clamp sliding rod (9) to move up and down;

the 3D printing guide plate comprises a femoral shaft guide plate (13) which is arranged in the femoral shaft fixing clamp (1) and fits with a femoral shaft, a femoral head guide plate (14) which is arranged in the femoral head fixing clamp (8) and fits with a femoral head, a nail placing guide plate (15) arranged on the side surface of the femoral shaft fixing clamp (1) and a secondary osteotomy guide plate (12) arranged on the side surface of the femoral shaft fixing clamp (1).

2. The femoral osteotomy nail placing clamp according to claim 1, wherein a femoral shaft clamp cover (2) is arranged at the upper end of the femoral shaft fixing clamp (1), and a femoral head clamp cover (19) is arranged at the upper end of the femoral head fixing clamp (8); the femoral shaft clamp cover (2) and the femoral head clamp cover (19) assist in fixing the femur and the 3D printing guide plate.

3. The femoral osteotomy nail placing clamp according to claim 1, wherein the nail placing guide plate (15) is fixed on the femoral shaft guide plate (13) through a nail placing guide plate opening (4), and internally comprises one or more nail placing guide holes with different angles.

4. The femoral osteotomy nailing clamp according to claim 1, wherein a vertically rotatable support plate (11) protruding from a front end of the femoral shaft fixing clamp (1) is connected to the femoral shaft fixing clamp (1) by a hinge (3).

5. The femoral osteotomy nail placement jig according to claim 1, characterized in that said femoral head jig slide bar (9) is connected to said slide groove (6) to be movable left and right.

6. The femoral resection pin jig of claim 1, wherein the secondary resection guide (12) is used to fix the angle of the resection.

7. A method of making a 3D printing guide as claimed in claim 1, comprising the steps of:

(1) according to the length, the width and the shape of the femur and the angle of osteotomy, a guide plate model fitting the femoral shaft and the femoral head and a secondary osteotomy guide plate model are established by utilizing modeling software;

(2) establishing a model of the nail placing guide plate by utilizing modeling software according to the position of the axis of the femoral neck and the angles and the number of the nail placing guide plates;

(3) and importing the model into a printer for 3D printing to generate the 3D printing guide plate.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the modeling software in step (1) or (2) is selected from 3Dmax, PROE, UG, AUTOCAD and SOLIDWORKS.

9. The manufacturing method according to claim 8, wherein the 3D printing material in the step (3) is selected from metal, ABS resin, photosensitive resin, polylactic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, or nylon.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of femoral osteotomy nail-placing fixtures, in particular to a femoral osteotomy nail-placing fixture with a 3D printing guide plate and application thereof.

Background

There are many ways of femoral neck fracture surgery, and among them, hollow compression screw fixation is the common surgery. And the types of the screws on the market are numerous, so that the biomechanical evaluation on the fixing effect of the screws of different types can provide theoretical guidance for the treatment of femoral neck fracture. In order to research the fixing effect of each type of screw on the fracture, a plurality of samples of statistical analysis (generally more than 5) are needed, so that the guarantee of the consistent operation modes of the same type of screws becomes an important guarantee for evaluating the fixing effect of the screws. At present, doctors basically implant screws into the bone fracture models in a free-hand mode for fixation after the bone fracture models are manufactured in a free-hand mode, and then generally evaluate whether the bone fracture models are implanted into proper positions through X-pieces, so that the screw feeding angle and the screw placing position of the bone fracture models fixed by the screws of the same type cannot be guaranteed to be consistent, and therefore the difference of the quality of intra-group operations is caused.

The 3D printing technology began to appear in the middle of the 20 th century and the 80 th century, is a technology for manufacturing a three-body entity by using a layer-by-layer stacking and accumulating mode of adhesive powder materials based on a digital analog file, has a wide application field, relates to jewelry, shoes, buildings, automobiles, aerospace, medicine, guns and the like, and is currently applied to the medical field, including a fused deposition modeling technology, a selective laser sintering technology, a separation printing technology, a multi-nozzle molding technology and the like.

Due to the fact that sizes of different individual femurs are different, the osteotomy and the nail placement need to be made in a personalized mode by combining bone shapes, at present, a 3D printing personalized guide plate can be used for solving the problem, but how the multifunctional osteotomy and nail placement 3D printing guide plate is effectively fixed on the femurs cannot be overcome by seeing related auxiliary equipment. Therefore, it is desirable to develop a fixation clamp system that can accommodate different femoral personalization features while ensuring consistent fracture and nail insertion angles.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a femoral osteotomy nail setting clamp with a 3D printing guide plate and application thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a femur osteotomy nail setting clamp with a 3D printing guide plate, which is a movable femoral shaft fixing clamp and a movable femoral head fixing clamp from left to right and is positioned at the upper end of a sliding groove; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the femoral shaft fixing clamp is of a box-packed structure with openings at the front end and the rear end, and is connected with the sliding groove through a femoral head fixing clamp strut to realize left and right movement;

the femoral head fixing clamp is of a box-packed structure with two adjacent surfaces opened, and the femoral head fixing clamp is capable of moving up and down by sliding a femoral head fixing clamp strut on a femoral head clamp sliding rod;

the 3D printing guide plate comprises a femoral shaft guide plate which is arranged in a femoral shaft fixing clamp and fits with a femoral shaft, a femoral head guide plate which is arranged in the femoral head fixing clamp and fits with a femoral head, a nail placing guide plate arranged on the side face of the femoral shaft fixing clamp and a secondary bone cutting guide plate arranged on the side face of the femoral shaft fixing clamp.

Furthermore, a femoral shaft clamp cover is arranged at the upper end of the femoral shaft fixing clamp, and a femoral head clamp cover is arranged at the upper end of the femoral head fixing clamp; the femoral shaft clamp cover and the femoral head clamp cover assist in fixing the femur and the 3D printing guide plate.

Furthermore, the nail placing guide plate is fixed on the femoral shaft guide plate through the nail placing guide plate opening, and one or more nail placing guide holes with different angles are arranged in the nail placing guide plate.

Furthermore, a support plate which is protruded at the front end of the femoral shaft fixing clamp and can rotate up and down is connected with the femoral shaft fixing clamp through a hinge.

Furthermore, the sliding rod of the femoral head clamp is connected with the sliding groove and can move left and right.

The invention provides a preparation method of a 3D printing guide plate of a femoral osteotomy nail placing clamp, which comprises the following steps:

(1) according to the length, the width and the shape of the femur and the angle of osteotomy, a guide plate model fitting the femoral shaft and the femoral head and a secondary osteotomy guide plate model are established by utilizing modeling software;

(2) establishing a model of the nail placing guide plate by utilizing modeling software according to the position of the axis of the femoral neck and the angles and the number of the nail placing guide plates;

(3) and importing the model into a printer for 3D printing to generate a required 3D printing guide plate.

Further, the modeling software in step (1) or (2) is selected from 3Dmax, PROE, UG, AUTOCAD or SOLIDWORKS.

Further, the 3D printing material in step (3) is selected from metal, ABS resin, photosensitive resin, polylactic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, or nylon.

Further, the 3D printing material in the step (3) is preferably a photosensitive resin.

The invention provides an application of a femoral osteotomy nail setting clamp with a 3D printing guide plate in an osteotomy nail setting experiment.

Further, the specific operations include:

(1) placing the personalized femoral shaft guide plate and the femoral head guide plate into a clamp, then placing the femur into the guide plate, and covering a clamp cover;

(2) cutting a bone at the femoral neck, removing the femoral head clamp part, and performing secondary bone cutting on the femoral shaft through the angle set by the secondary bone cutting guide plate;

(3) the femoral head is moved back to be connected with the femoral shaft, and the supporting column of the femoral head fixing clamp is fixed.

(4) And fixing the nail placing guide plate on the femoral shaft guide plate at the opening of the nail placing guide plate, and implanting screws into the femoral model.

By adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the femur osteotomy nail placing clamp with the 3D printing guide plate can firmly fix a femur and the corresponding 3D printing guide plate therein, and provides strong fixation for the preparation of fracture and the implantation of screws in experiments. And the structures of the head part and the trunk part of the femur are creatively designed into structures which can be separated and returned, so that the osteotomy, the accurate reduction and the nail setting operation of the femoral neck fracture model can be perfectly realized, and the difference of operation quality among samples is reduced to the minimum.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a femoral resection pin jig with a 3D printing guide plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the femoral shaft guide, the secondary osteotomy guide, and the nail guide after being connected in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a secondary osteotomy guide in one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a femoral shaft guide according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a nail guide plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of a femoral head guide according to an embodiment of the present invention;

wherein, 1-femoral shaft fixing clamp; 2-femoral shaft clamp cover; 3-a hinge; 4-placing a nail guide plate opening; 5-a femoral shaft fixation clamp strut; 6-a chute; 7-femoral head fixation clamp strut; 8, fixing a clamp on the femoral head; 9-femoral head clamp sliding rod; 10-screw holes; 11-a support plate; 12-secondary osteotomy guide plate; 13-femoral shaft guide plate; 14-femoral head guide plate; 15-placing a nail guide plate; 161-the femoral shaft guide plate and the femoral head guide plate are connected and positioned one; 162-the femoral shaft guide plate is connected with the femoral head guide plate to position II; 171-fixing the femoral shaft guide plate and the nail placing guide plate; 172-femoral shaft guide plate and nail placing guide plate fixing channel; 181-fixing the position of the secondary osteotomy guide plate and the femoral shaft guide plate; 182-a secondary bone cutting guide plate and femoral shaft guide plate fixing channel; 19-femoral head clamp cover.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail and specifically with reference to the following examples and drawings so as to provide a better understanding of the invention, but the following examples do not limit the scope of the invention.