阅读说明：本技术 一种深度梯度变化微织构涂层刀具及其制备方法 (Depth gradient change micro-texture coating cutter and preparation method thereof ) 是由 颜安 陈汪林 李炳新 王成勇 唐梓敏 于 2019-09-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及车床加工的技术领域,更具体地,涉及一种深度梯度变化微织构涂层刀具及其制备方法,包括刀体、直接作用于切削工件加工表面的前刀面以及与所述工件加工表面相对设置的后刀面,所述前刀面、后刀面均设于刀体侧面,所述前刀面与后刀面的交接处设置有切削刃；所述后刀面分布有多组微织构单元,每组微织构单元包括多组凹槽,所述凹槽的深度梯度变化。本发明在刀具的后刀面加工深度梯度变化的微织构单元,加工时的润滑剂会存储于微织构单元,并且可以沿着微织构给切削刃起到冷却润滑的作用,本发明的刀具同时具有良好的涂层结合力和摩擦磨损性能,具有较长的使用寿命。(The invention relates to the technical field of lathe machining, in particular to a depth gradient change microtextured coating cutter and a preparation method thereof, wherein the cutter comprises a cutter body, a front cutter surface directly acting on the machining surface of a cutting workpiece and a rear cutter surface arranged opposite to the machining surface of the workpiece, the front cutter surface and the rear cutter surface are both arranged on the side surface of the cutter body, and a cutting edge is arranged at the joint of the front cutter surface and the rear cutter surface; the rear cutter face is distributed with a plurality of groups of micro texture units, each group of micro texture units comprises a plurality of groups of grooves, and the depth gradient of the grooves is changed. According to the invention, the micro texture unit with the depth gradient change is machined on the rear cutter face of the cutter, the machined lubricant can be stored in the micro texture unit and can play a role in cooling and lubricating a cutting edge along the micro texture, and the cutter has good coating binding force and frictional wear performance and longer service life.)

1. A depth gradient change microtextured coating cutter comprises a cutter body (1), a front cutter face (2) directly acting on the machining surface of a cutting workpiece (4) and a rear cutter face (3) opposite to the machining surface of the workpiece (4), wherein the front cutter face (2) and the rear cutter face (3) are both arranged on the side face of the cutter body (1), and a cutting edge is arranged at the joint of the front cutter face (2) and the rear cutter face (3); the novel knife is characterized in that a plurality of groups of micro texture units (5) are distributed on the rear knife face (3), each group of micro texture units (5) comprises a plurality of groups of grooves (6), and the depth gradient of the grooves (6) changes.

2. The tool according to claim 1, wherein the grooves (6) are arranged perpendicular to the cutting edge, and the ends of the grooves (6) are spaced from the cutting edge by 400-1000 μm.

3. The tool according to claim 1, wherein the grooves (6) are arranged parallel to the cutting edge, and the sides of the grooves (6) are spaced from the cutting edge by 400-1000 μm.

4. The tool according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the grooves (6) of each group have equal width and the adjacent grooves (6) have equal spacing.

5. The tool according to claim 4, wherein the width of the groove (6) is 40-50 μm, and the depth of the groove (6) is 1-30 μm.

6. The cutter according to claim 4, wherein the grooves (6) are linear grooves (6) and a plurality of groups of grooves (6) are arranged in parallel, and the distance between adjacent grooves (6) is 150-600 μm.

7. The tool for the microtextured coating with a gradient of depth according to claim 4, characterized in that the corners of the grooves (6) are provided with rounded transition structures.

8. The depth gradient microtextured coated tool according to claim 1, wherein the microtextured units are hard coated on the surface.

9. A preparation method of a depth gradient change microtextured coating cutter is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s10, placing the hard alloy cutter particles in alcohol and acetone, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 10-30 min respectively;

s20, processing a plurality of groups of microtexture units (5) according to any one of claims 1 to 8 on the rear tool face (3) of the hard alloy tool grain;

and S30, depositing a hard coating on the surface of the micro texture unit by adopting a PVD coating machine.

10. The method for preparing the depth gradient micro-texture coated cutter according to claim 9, wherein in step S20, the micro-texture unit is processed by a femtosecond laser; in step S30, the hard coating is selected from a TiC coating, a TiN coating and Al₂O₃One of the coatings.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of lathe machining, in particular to a depth gradient change micro-texture coating cutter and a preparation method thereof.

Background

In recent years, the tribology research field has proposed a concept of surface texture, also called surface microtexture, which has proved to be an effective means for improving the tribology performance of surfaces. The surface texture technology is a method for improving the surface characteristics of a material by changing the physical structure of the surface of the material, and the surface texture is a lattice of patterns such as pits/dents or convex hulls with certain size and arrangement. The micro texture is carved on the tool face of the tool, the mechanical property of the tool is not influenced, the micro texture can store lubricating oil and abrasive dust, the friction coefficient of the front tool face is reduced, the cutting force is reduced by 10-30%, and the wear resistance of the tool and the processing efficiency of products are obviously improved. However, only the micro-texture cutter does not meet the processing requirement, and the micro-texture coating cutter is produced at the same time.

Research shows that the depth of the micro texture is an important factor influencing the performance of the micro texture coating cutter, the binding force of the coating can be improved when the micro texture is a shallow texture, but the influence on the frictional wear performance is small; when the depth of the microtexture is deep, the binding force of the coating cannot be guaranteed, but the friction and wear performance can store lubricant and abrasive dust due to the microtexture, and a layer of lubricating film can be formed on the cutter surface and the machined surface when the cutter is machined, so that the friction and wear performance and the machining quality of the cutter are improved; how to make the microtextured coating cutter have good coating binding force and good frictional wear performance is a difficult point of current research.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a depth gradient change microtextured coating cutter and a preparation method thereof.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

the cutter comprises a cutter body, a front cutter face directly acting on the machining surface of a cutting workpiece and a rear cutter face arranged opposite to the machining surface of the workpiece, wherein the front cutter face and the rear cutter face are arranged on the side face of the cutter body; the rear cutter face is distributed with a plurality of groups of micro texture units, each group of micro texture units comprises a plurality of groups of grooves, and the depth gradient of the grooves is changed.

According to the depth gradient change micro-texture coating cutter, the rear cutter face of the cutter is provided with the depth gradient change micro-texture unit, a lubricant during machining can be stored in the micro-texture unit, and the cutting edge can be cooled and lubricated along the micro-texture. The cutter provided by the invention can determine the periodicity of the micro-texture unit according to the width of the rear cutter face, and has good coating binding force and frictional wear performance and long service life.

Further, the groove is perpendicular to the cutting edge, and the end of the groove is 400-1000 μm away from the cutting edge. The end part of the groove is arranged at a certain distance from the cutting edge instead of being communicated with the cutting edge, so that the effects of storing abrasive dust and cooling and lubricating the groove can be exerted, and the cutting edge of the cutter cannot be damaged.

Further, the groove is arranged parallel to the cutting edge, and the side part of the groove is 400-1000 μm away from the cutting edge. The end part of the groove is arranged at a certain distance from the cutting edge instead of being communicated with the cutting edge, and the functions of storing abrasive dust and cooling and lubricating the groove can be played.

Further, the width of each group of grooves is equal, and the distance between adjacent grooves is equal. The width of the grooves and the distance between the grooves are kept unchanged, and only the depth gradient of the grooves is changed, so that the appearance is attractive and the processing is convenient.

Further, the width of the groove is 40-50 μm, and the depth of the groove is 1-30 μm. The depth of the groove of the invention is changed in a gradient way within the range of 1-30 mu m.

Furthermore, the grooves are linear grooves, a plurality of groups of grooves are arranged in parallel, and the distance between every two adjacent grooves is 150-600 mu m. Linear grooves are preferred for increasing the ease of groove machining and the effectiveness of cooling lubrication and are not intended to be limiting.

Furthermore, the corners of the groove are provided with arc transition structures. The arrangement of the arc transition structure is beneficial to storing abrasive dust, and the coating can not be peeled off due to stress concentration caused by sudden change of the appearance of the substrate when the coated cutter is prepared.

Further, the surface of the microtexture unit is plated with a hard coating. The hard coating is arranged, so that the wear resistance of the micro texture is effectively improved, and the service life of the micro texture unit is prolonged.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the depth gradient change microtextured coating cutter, which comprises the following steps:

s10, placing the hard alloy cutter particles in alcohol and acetone, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 10-30 min respectively;

s20, processing a plurality of groups of micro-texture units on the rear tool face of the hard alloy tool grain;

and S30, depositing a hard coating on the surface of the micro texture unit by adopting a PVD coating machine.

According to the preparation method of the depth gradient change micro-texture coating cutter, the surface of the hard alloy cutter particles is cleaned firstly, so that the micro-texture unit processing is convenient to carry out; a plurality of groups of micro texture units are processed on the rear cutter face, a lubricant can be stored during processing, the micro texture units can play a role in cooling and lubricating a cutting edge, and the cutter is endowed with better coating binding force and frictional wear performance; and a hard coating is sprayed on the surface of the micro-texture unit, so that the wear resistance of the cutter is improved, and the service life of the cutter is prolonged.

Preferably, in step S20, the micro-texture is processed by a femtosecond laser; in step S30, the hard coating is selected from TiC coating, TiN coating and Al₂O₃One of the coatings. The adoption of femtosecond laser technology can realize non-contact cold processing, reduce thermal damage of tool and generation of oxide layer, and reduce the generation of oxide layerThe damage of the cutter base body and the imperfection of the cutter surface are reduced, and when the microtexture is processed, the microtexture can be prepared on the rear cutter surface in multiple times only by adjusting the parameters of laser and changing the processing times, so that the efficiency is high, the time is saved, and the processing quality is good; and a hard coating is sprayed on the surface of the microtexture, so that the abrasion caused by the machining of the cutter is reduced, and the service life of the cutter is prolonged.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the depth gradient change micro-texture coating cutter and the preparation method thereof, the micro-texture unit is processed on the rear cutter face of the cutter and is used for storing lubricating oil and abrasive dust, the lubricating oil can play a role in cooling and lubricating the cutting edge and the cutting edge of the cutter along the micro-texture, and the cutter is endowed with good coating binding force, good frictional wear performance and long service life.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a depth gradient textured coating tool according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a profile view of a microtexture disposed perpendicular to a cutting edge;

FIG. 3 is a surface topography of a microtexture disposed perpendicular to a cutting edge;

FIG. 4 is a profile view of a microtexture disposed parallel to a cutting edge;

FIG. 5 is a surface topography of a microtexture disposed parallel to a cutting edge;

FIG. 6 is a schematic side wear diagram of a tool with microtexture perpendicular to the cutting edge, a tool with microtexture parallel to the cutting edge, and a tool without microtexture at different cutting lengths according to one embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a graph of flank wear cutting length variation under dry cutting conditions with a tool perpendicular to the cutting edge microtexture, a tool parallel to the cutting edge microtexture, and a tool without microtexture;

in the drawings: 1, a cutter body; 2-a rake face; 3-a flank face; 31-a main relief surface; 32-minor flank face; 4-a workpiece; 5-microtexturing unit; 6-groove.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments. Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustration only and are shown by way of illustration only and not in actual form, and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some components of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.

The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but it is not intended to indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limitations of the present patent, and specific meanings of the above terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.