阅读说明：本技术 一种高效鼓形仿形立铣刀 (Efficient drum-shaped profiling end milling cutter ) 是由 姜恩来 李清华 黄宗明 邹伶俐 鄢国洪 于 2019-10-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种高效鼓形仿形立铣刀,包括切削部和柄部,所述切削部设有多个自底端向柄部螺旋延伸的排屑槽,各排屑槽朝向切削旋转方向的面为前刀面,前刀面与切削部的外周面相交形成切削刃,切削刃通过加工前刀面,使其呈现波浪形刃口,并分为圆周切削刃和球头切削刃,圆周切削刃轮廓由两段对称圆弧,底端切削刃为球头切削刃,其各刃夹角不等分,切削部的外周面中与切削刃相接的面为第一后刀面,所述第一后刀面自切削部底端延伸至柄部,其上有断屑槽螺旋分布。本发明具有可大幅度提高工件半精加工、精加工效率、可加工狭窄工件、强度高、使用寿命长的优点。(The invention discloses a high-efficiency drum-shaped copying end mill, which comprises a cutting part and a handle part, wherein the cutting part is provided with a plurality of chip grooves spirally extending from the bottom end to the handle part, the surface of each chip groove facing to the cutting rotation direction is a front cutter surface, the front cutter surface is intersected with the outer peripheral surface of the cutting part to form a cutting edge, the cutting edge is divided into a circumferential cutting edge and a ball-end cutting edge by processing the front cutter surface, the contour of the circumferential cutting edge is divided into two sections of symmetrical arcs, the bottom end cutting edge is a ball-end cutting edge, the included angle of each edge is unequal, the surface, connected with the cutting edge, in the outer peripheral surface of the cutting part is a first rear cutter surface, the first rear cutter surface extends from the bottom end of the cutting. The invention has the advantages of greatly improving the semi-finish machining and finish machining efficiency of the workpiece, processing narrow workpieces, high strength and long service life.)

1. A high-efficiency drum-shaped profiling end mill comprises a round bar-shaped body, wherein the lower end of the round bar-shaped body is provided with a cutting part, and a handle part is arranged from the cutting part to the top end; the whole cutting part is provided with a plurality of chip grooves spirally extending from the bottom end to the handle part, the surface of each chip groove facing to the cutting rotation direction is a rake surface, and the rake surface and the outer peripheral surface of the cutting part are intersected to form a cutting edge; the method is characterized in that: the cutting edge is formed into a wave-shaped cutting edge by machining a front cutter face; the cutting edge comprises a circumferential cutting edge and a ball head cutting edge, the ball head cutting edge is a bottom end cutting edge, the contour of the circumferential cutting edge is drum-shaped, and included angles of all edges in the ball head cutting edge are unequal; in the outer peripheral surface of the cutting part, a surface connected with the cutting edge is set as a first rear cutter surface, a surface connected with the first rear cutter surface is set as a second rear cutter surface, the first rear cutter surface and the second rear cutter surface extend from the bottom end to the handle part, a plurality of chip breakers distributed in a spiral mode are arranged on the first rear cutter surface, the width of the first rear cutter surface is A, the total edge width formed by the first rear cutter surface and the second rear cutter surface is B, and the following conditions are met: d is more than or equal to 8% and less than or equal to 12% of A, and D is more than or equal to 16% and less than or equal to 24% of B, wherein D is the outer diameter of the cutting part.

2. The high efficiency drum profiling end mill as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cutting edge presents even wave sword shape, and the wave form is sinusoidal distribution, and its wavelength is L, and the extreme value is h to satisfy following condition: l is more than or equal to 30% and less than or equal to 50% of D, and h is more than or equal to 2% and less than or equal to 8% of D.

3. The high efficiency drum profiling end mill according to claim 2, wherein: the circumference cutting edge of the cutting edge and the ball head cutting edge are in smooth transition, and the circumference cutting edge profile is formed by two sections with the radius of R_BThe symmetrical circular arcs form a drum-shaped profile, the end profile of the circumferential cutting edge is tangent with the handle part, and the circular arc radius of the drum-shaped profile is R_BAnd 4D is not more than R_BLess than or equal to 16D; the radius of the ball head cutting edge is R_AAnd 15% D is not more than R_A≤17％D。

4. The high efficiency drum profiling end mill according to claim 3, wherein: the R is_BGradually decreases as the outer diameter D of the cutting portion increases.

5. The high efficiency drum profiling end mill according to claim 3, wherein: the chip breaker is processed on the circumferential cutting edge along a spiral line with a spiral angle theta of 0-50 degrees, the spiral angle theta is more than or equal to 0 degree, the lead of the spiral line is L-4L, the rotating direction is consistent with the rotating direction of the cutting part, the width of the chip breaker is L ', 6% D is more than or equal to L ', 7% D is less than or equal to 6%, the depth is h ', 2% D is more than or equal to h ', 3% D is less than or equal to h ', and the cross arc radiuses of the two side walls of the chip breaker and the cutting_A、r_B，1％D≤r_A≤72％D，3％D≤r_BD is less than or equal to 4 percent, and the arc radius of the groove bottom of the chip breaker is r_c，1％D≤r_cLess than or equal to 3 percent D, and the three sections of circular arcs are respectively and smoothly connected with the groove wall and the front knife face.

6. The high efficiency drum profiling end mill according to claim 5, wherein: the cutting edges are arranged in an equal-lead unequal-spiral manner.

7. The high efficiency drum profiling end mill according to claim 3, wherein: the bottom of the ball head cutting edge is provided with a notch, the cutting depth of the notch is x, the cutting width of the notch is y, x is more than or equal to 1% D and less than or equal to 6% D, y is more than or equal to 1% D and less than or equal to 6% D, the diameter of the core thick circle of the cutting part is C, and C is more than or equal to 0.5D and less than or equal to 0.65D.

8. The high efficiency drum profiling end mill according to claim 7, wherein: each sword contained angle alpha of the bulb cutting edge of the bottom of cutting portion is unequal, and the contained angle alpha difference between adjacent cutting edge is delta alpha, and delta alpha is more than or equal to 5 degrees and is less than or equal to 18 degrees.

9. The high efficiency drum profiling end mill as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the cutting edge, a radial rake angle γ is in a range of 0 ° to 12 °.

10. The high efficiency drum profiling end mill as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the cutting edge, the helix angle is beta, and beta is more than or equal to 40 degrees and less than or equal to 48 degrees.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of metal cutting, in particular to a high-efficiency drum-shaped profiling end mill.

Background

In the metal processing industry, especially in the blisk processing process, the curved surface of a blade is usually a ruled surface or a free-form surface, a general processing strategy can select to use a traditional ball-end cutter to perform semi-finishing or finishing on the surface of the blade, but the ball-end cutter is limited by the cutter type, the actual cutting amount is small, the processing efficiency is low, and if the arc radius of the ball head is increased, the conditions of large chips, poor chip breaking and the like are easy to occur, and in a narrow processing space, the feed path is also easily limited.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides the efficient drum-shaped profiling end mill which has the characteristics of capability of greatly improving the semi-finish machining and finish machining efficiency of workpieces, capability of machining narrow workpieces, high strength and long service life through structural improvement.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a high-efficiency drum-shaped profiling end mill comprises a round bar-shaped body, wherein the lower end of the round bar-shaped body is provided with a cutting part, and a handle part is arranged from the cutting part to the top end; the whole cutting part is provided with a plurality of chip grooves spirally extending from the bottom end to the handle part, the surface of each chip groove facing to the cutting rotation direction is a rake surface, and the rake surface and the outer peripheral surface of the cutting part are intersected to form a cutting edge; the cutting edge is formed into a wave-shaped cutting edge by machining a front cutter face; the cutting edge comprises a circumferential cutting edge and a ball head cutting edge, the ball head cutting edge is a bottom end cutting edge, the contour of the circumferential cutting edge is drum-shaped, and included angles of all edges in the ball head cutting edge are unequal; in the outer peripheral surface of the cutting part, a surface connected with the cutting edge is set as a first rear cutter surface, a surface connected with the first rear cutter surface is set as a second rear cutter surface, the first rear cutter surface and the second rear cutter surface extend from the bottom end to the handle part, a plurality of chip breakers distributed in a spiral mode are arranged on the first rear cutter surface, the width of the first rear cutter surface is A, the total edge width formed by the first rear cutter surface and the second rear cutter surface is B, and the following conditions are met: a is more than or equal to 8% and less than or equal to 12% and D is more than or equal to 16% and less than or equal to 24% and D (measured at a position l/3 away from the bottom end of the cutting edge), wherein D is the outer diameter of the cutting part.

The cutting edge presents even wave sword shape, and the wave form is sinusoidal distribution, and its wavelength is L, and the extreme value is h to satisfy following condition: l is more than or equal to 30% and less than or equal to 50% of D, and h is more than or equal to 2% and less than or equal to 8% of D. In addition, the wave form can be adjusted to be a non-standard sine wave according to the processing condition, and the wave crest length can be properly shortened or increased.

The circumference cutting edge of the cutting edge and the ball head cutting edge are in smooth transition, and the circumference cutting edge profile is formed by two sections with the radius of R_BThe symmetrical circular arcs form a drum-shaped profile, the end profile of the circumferential cutting edge is tangent with the handle part, and the circular arc radius of the drum-shaped profile is R_DAnd 4D is not more than R_BLess than or equal to 16D; the radius of the ball head cutting edge is R_AAnd 15% D is not more than R_A≤17％D。

The R is_BGradually decreases as the outer diameter D of the cutting portion increases.

The chip breaker is processed on the circumferential cutting edge along a spiral line with a spiral angle theta of 0-50 degrees, the spiral angle theta is more than or equal to 0 degree, the lead of the spiral line is L-4L, the rotating direction is consistent with the rotating direction of the cutting part, the width of the chip breaker is L ', 6% D is more than or equal to L ', 7% D is less than or equal to 6%, the depth is h ', 2% D is more than or equal to h ', 3% D is less than or equal to h ', and the cross arc radiuses of the two side walls of the chip breaker and the cutting_A、r_B，l％D≤r_A≤72％D，3％D≤r_BD is less than or equal to 4 percent, and the arc radius of the groove bottom of the chip breaker is r_c、1％D≤r_cLess than or equal to 3 percent D, and the three sections of circular arcs are respectively and smoothly connected with the groove wall and the front knife face.

The cutting edges are arranged in an equal-lead unequal-spiral manner.

The bottom of the ball head cutting edge is provided with a notch, the cutting depth of the notch is x, the cutting width of the notch is y, x is more than or equal to 1% D and less than or equal to 6% D, y is more than or equal to 1% D and less than or equal to 6% D, the diameter of the core thick circle of the cutting part is C, and C is more than or equal to 0.5D and less than or equal to 0.65D.

Each sword contained angle alpha of the bulb cutting edge of the bottom of cutting portion is unequal, and the contained angle alpha difference between adjacent cutting edge is delta alpha, and delta alpha is more than or equal to 5 degrees and is less than or equal to 18 degrees.

In the cutting edge, the radial rake angle gamma ranges from 0 to 12 degrees, so that the cutter is suitable for processing various titanium alloys and high-temperature alloys.

In the cutting edge, the helix angle is beta, and beta is more than or equal to 40 degrees and less than or equal to 48 degrees.

In order to increase the strength of the cutting edge of the cutter and prevent each cutting edge from being abraded or chipped too fast, each cutting edge can be subjected to rounding treatment, and whether coating is carried out or not is selected according to the processing material. The coating can adopt AlTiN, A1CrN, A1TiN/SiN, AlCrN/SiN, TiB2, TiSiN, TiCN and the like, can be freely selected according to the actual processing condition, and the invention does not limit the coating material in any form.

The invention can be made of materials such as high-speed steel, tungsten carbide, cubic boron nitride, ceramics and the like, and can select proper matrix materials according to the properties of processing materials so as to ensure the cutting performance of the end mill and prolong the service life of the cutter.

The invention is preferably applicable to titanium-based and nickel-based materials, but is not limited to any form of processing materials.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

compared with the traditional ball end mill, the efficient drum-shaped profiling end mill has the advantages that the cutting edge profile is arc-shaped, the cutter has larger cutting length and can provide larger cutting feed amount, so that more material removal amount can be realized in the same time, and the machining efficiency is higher. Meanwhile, the ball head part at the bottom end of the cutting part can bear the function of a traditional ball head cutter, can be used for semi-finishing or finishing of the hub surface of the blade disc, and achieves multiple purposes. When helical pitch, the design of inequality spiral, can greatly increase the cutter life-span, improve cutting stability, each sword contained angle of cutting portion bottom is unequal, and contained angle alpha difference between the adjacent cutting edge is delta alpha, and delta alpha is less than or equal to 18 more than or equal to 5, also can restrain the vibration of cutter in the cutting process to improve the stability of cutter processing. The design of the sine wave cutting edge matched with the chip breaker enables the cutter to have extremely excellent chip breaking and separating capabilities, chips are fine, chips are easy to remove and dissipate heat, the machining efficiency of the cutter is further improved, and the cutter can achieve high-feed high-speed cutting machining. The design of the sine waveform of the cutting edge with large wavelength and small wave depth improves the strength of the cutting edge, reduces the stress concentration of the waveform cutting edge, ensures that the cutting edge is not easy to break, also increases the cutting length of the cutting edge and improves the surface quality of a processed workpiece. The design that the radius is not equallyd to three-section transition circular arc in the chip breaker is also in order to guarantee cutting edge intensity, promotes the cutter life-span.

The invention is further explained in detail with the accompanying drawings and the embodiments; a high efficiency drum profile end mill of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an M-way view of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic profile view of a cutting portion of a tool body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a detail view of the edge of a sinusoidal cutting edge of the cutting edge of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a sinusoidal cutting edge waveform labeling diagram of the cutting edge of an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of a chip breaker of a cutting edge according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 1, a cutting part; 2. a handle; 3. a chip groove; 4. a rake face; 5. a cutting edge; 6. a drum profile; 7. a first relief surface; 8. a second relief surface; 9. a sinusoidal cutting edge; 10. a chip breaker groove; 11. a bottom edge first relief surface; 12. a bottom edge rake face; 13. slotting the bottom blade; 14. a bottom edge chip pocket; 15. a core thick circle; 16. a ball head cutting edge; 17. a circumferential cutting edge.

Detailed Description