阅读说明：本技术 一种实现棒料表层梯度纳米化的电流辅助滚压加工装置 (Current-assisted rolling processing device for realizing gradient nanocrystallization of surface layer of bar ) 是由 吕知清 占乐 张恒 于 2019-11-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种实现棒料表层梯度纳米化的电流辅助滚压加工装置,包括机架组件和一端固定在机架组件底部上表面的升降机构,以及固定在机架组件上部区域中心处的棒料旋转机构,且所述机架组件的顶部还设置有滚压机构,所述滚压机构位于棒料旋转机构的圆周外侧,且滚压机构与棒料旋转机构的轴心重合。本发明将滚压加工技术与电流相结合,在加工的棒料表层发生塑性变形过程中施加电流,改善了棒料的成形能力,降低了流动应力,加工棒料表层获得梯度纳米结构,棒料的硬度、强度和耐磨性得到进一步提高,工件的综合性能得到能够进一步提升,有效延长使用寿命,并且本发明结构简单,能够在很大程度上降低生产成本,具有非常理想的技术效果。(The utility model provides a realize supplementary rolling process device of electric current of bar top layer gradient nanocrystallization, includes that frame subassembly and one end are fixed at the elevating system of frame subassembly bottom upper surface to and fix the bar rotary mechanism of frame subassembly upper portion regional center department, just the top of frame subassembly still is provided with rolling mechanism, rolling mechanism is located the circumference outside of bar rotary mechanism, and rolling mechanism and bar rotary mechanism's axle center coincidence. The invention combines the rolling processing technology with the current, applies the current in the plastic deformation process of the surface layer of the processed bar, improves the forming capability of the bar, reduces the flow stress, obtains the gradient nano structure by processing the surface layer of the bar, further improves the hardness, the strength and the wear resistance of the bar, further improves the comprehensive performance of the workpiece, effectively prolongs the service life, has simple structure, can reduce the production cost to a great extent and has very ideal technical effect.)

1. The utility model provides a realize supplementary rolling process device of electric current of bar superficial layer gradient nanometer which characterized in that: the device includes that frame subassembly and one end are fixed at the elevating system of frame subassembly bottom upper surface to and fix the bar rotary mechanism who locates at the regional center in frame subassembly upper portion, just the top of frame subassembly still is provided with rolling mechanism, rolling mechanism is located the circumference outside of bar rotary mechanism, and rolling mechanism and bar rotary mechanism's axle center coincidence.

2. The current-assisted rolling processing device for realizing gradient nanocrystallization of the surface layer of the bar stock as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the frame subassembly includes the spill fixed plate and sets up the vertical guide rail in spill fixed plate upper end four corners top respectively, and sets up the base in spill fixed plate lower surface four corners to and four corners respectively with vertical guide rail sliding connection's rectangle workstation, spill fixed plate upper surface middle part is regional to be provided with a plurality of stands, be fixed with the ring frame between the upper end of stand, just rectangle workstation middle part is regional to be provided with the spacing hole that corresponds with stand position and size.

3. The current-assisted rolling processing device for realizing gradient nanocrystallization of the surface layer of the bar stock as claimed in claim 2, wherein: elevating system is including setting up the turbine case and the vertical lead screw of being connected with the turbine case respectively at concave fixed plate upper surface four corners inboard to and set up the drive assembly between the front and back both sides turbine case respectively, the spacing hole that corresponds the setting on the rectangle workstation is passed respectively to the upper end of lead screw, just pass through muffjoint between lead screw and the rectangle workstation table down.

4. The current-assisted rolling processing device for realizing gradient nanocrystallization of the surface layer of the bar stock as claimed in claim 2, wherein: bar rotary mechanism is including setting up the flange dish that is provided with the terminal in insulating board upper surface and circumference outside at the regional rectangle insulation board and the fixed mounting of rectangle workstation upper surface middle part, and rotates the transition dish of connection at the flange dish upper surface to and fixed mounting is at the four-jaw chuck of transition dish upper surface, transition dish axle center department is connected with the motor through transmission shaft and bevel gear, and should adopt the insulating axle with the transmission shaft that the transition dish is connected, the motor is fixed by the spacing box of installing at rectangle workstation lower surface.

5. The current-assisted rolling processing device for realizing gradient nanocrystallization of the surface layer of the bar stock as claimed in claim 2 or 4, wherein: the rolling mechanism comprises an air cylinder corresponding to clamping jaws of the four-jaw chuck and a cutter arranged at the front end part of a piston rod of the air cylinder, a hard alloy ball is arranged at the front end of the cutter, the rear end part of the air cylinder is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the round frame through an insulating part, and a binding post is arranged on a front end nut of the air cylinder.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of metal material surface nanocrystallization and current-assisted forming by rolling, in particular to a current-assisted rolling device for realizing gradient nanocrystallization of a bar surface.

Background

At present, methods for forming nanocrystallization on the surface of a metal material include: a surface mechanical grinding treatment method, a rolling method and a surface mechanical rolling method. The rolling process is that a rolling cutter is utilized to apply certain pressure on the surface of a workpiece, and strong plastic deformation is repeatedly generated on the surface of the workpiece, so that the purpose of refining surface layer grains is achieved, and the strength and hardness of the material can be effectively improved. Meanwhile, the wear resistance of the workpiece is improved, and the fatigue strength of the workpiece is improved. The rolling processing is a non-cutting shaping processing method, however, the common rolling processing method can form a nano crystal structure on the surface of a workpiece, but cannot form a gradient nano structure on the surface of the workpiece, only obtains a deformed structure and submicron-sized grains, has small thinning depth, improves the strength and hardness of the workpiece, reduces the shaping and toughness, has poor smoothness of the surface of the workpiece and has limited improvement of material performance. The application and development of the nano-structure material are limited, the longer the time after the nano treatment is, the lower the corrosion resistance of the material is, and the shorter the service life of the material is, so that more and more technical personnel need to solve the problem. In order to meet the requirements of modern manufacturing industry, the surface quality of a workpiece is also improved while the production cost is reduced, and more developers select current-assisted forming to be applied to the machining manufacturing industry.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a current-assisted rolling apparatus for realizing gradient nanocrystallization of a bar surface, which combines a current-assisted forming technique with a rolling technique, and utilizes an electroplastic effect of current-assisted forming to improve a plastic forming capability of a workpiece and reduce a flow stress of the workpiece, so as to solve the problems that a gradient nanocrystallization structure cannot be obtained on a surface layer of a workpiece in a common rolling process, and the workpiece is easily deformed by single-ball rolling and single-wheel rolling.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the invention provides a current-assisted rolling processing device for realizing gradient nanocrystallization of a bar surface layer, which comprises a rack assembly, a lifting mechanism and a bar rotating mechanism, wherein one end of the lifting mechanism is fixed on the upper surface of the bottom of the rack assembly, the bar rotating mechanism is fixed at the center of the upper area of the rack assembly, a rolling mechanism is further arranged at the top of the rack assembly, the rolling mechanism is positioned on the outer side of the circumference of the bar rotating mechanism, and the axis of the rolling mechanism is superposed with that of the bar rotating mechanism.

The frame subassembly includes the spill fixed plate and sets up the vertical guide rail in spill fixed plate upper end four corners top respectively, and sets up the base in spill fixed plate lower surface four corners to and four corners respectively with vertical guide rail sliding connection's rectangle workstation, spill fixed plate upper surface middle part is regional to be provided with a plurality of stands, be fixed with the ring frame between the upper end of stand, just rectangle workstation middle part is regional to be provided with the spacing hole that corresponds with stand position and size.

Elevating system is including setting up the turbine case and the vertical lead screw of being connected with the turbine case respectively at concave fixed plate upper surface four corners inboard to and set up the drive assembly between the front and back both sides turbine case respectively, the spacing hole that corresponds the setting on the rectangle workstation is passed respectively to the upper end of lead screw, just pass through muffjoint between lead screw and the rectangle workstation table down.

Bar rotary mechanism is including setting up the flange dish that is provided with the terminal in insulating board upper surface and circumference outside at the regional rectangle insulation board and the fixed mounting of rectangle workstation upper surface middle part, and rotates the transition dish of connection at the flange dish upper surface to and fixed mounting is at the four-jaw chuck of transition dish upper surface, transition dish axle center department is connected with the motor through transmission shaft and bevel gear, and should adopt the insulating axle with the transmission shaft that the transition dish is connected, the motor is fixed by the spacing box of installing at rectangle workstation lower surface.

The rolling mechanism comprises an air cylinder corresponding to clamping jaws of the four-jaw chuck and a cutter arranged at the front end part of a piston rod of the air cylinder, a hard alloy ball is arranged at the front end of the cutter, the rear end part of the air cylinder is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the round frame through an insulating part, and a binding post is arranged on a front end nut of the air cylinder.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention provides a current-assisted rolling processing device for realizing gradient nanocrystallization of a bar surface layer, which is a technological method for combining a rolling processing technology with current, passing current between a cutter and a workpiece and applying the current in the plastic deformation process of the processed bar surface layer; the forming capability of the bar is improved, the flow stress is reduced, the surface layer of the bar is processed to obtain a gradient nano structure, the hardness, the strength and the wear resistance of the bar are further improved, the comprehensive performance of a workpiece is improved, and the service life is prolonged. And the cutters connected with the piston rods of each cylinder are circumferentially and uniformly distributed around the processed bar, and the bar is uniformly stressed during processing, so that the bar is not easy to deform, the finish degree of the surface layer of the bar is further improved, the equipment is simple, and the production cost can be reduced to a great extent.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a current-assisted rolling device for gradient nanocrystallization of a surface layer of a bar material according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the frame assembly of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction of the lift mechanism of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the rod rotating mechanism of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the rectangular insulating plate of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the flange of FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the transition disk of FIG. 5;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the four-jaw chuck of FIG. 5;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of the rolling mechanism of FIG. 1;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the cylinder of FIG. 10;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the post of fig. 11.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "one side", "the other side", "left", "right", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not mean that a device or an element must have a specific orientation, be configured in a specific orientation, and be operated.

Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, a specific structure of an embodiment of the current-assisted rolling device for realizing gradient nanocrystallization of a surface layer of a bar stock is shown. The device comprises a rack assembly 1, a lifting mechanism 2, a bar rotating mechanism 3 and a rolling mechanism 4.

Referring to fig. 3, the rack assembly 1 includes a concave fixing plate 11, vertical guide rails 12 respectively disposed above four corners of an upper end portion of the concave fixing plate 11, bases 13 disposed at four corners of a lower surface of the concave fixing plate 11, and rectangular work tables 14 having four corners slidably connected to the vertical guide rails 12, the rectangular workbench 14 can move up and down in a translational manner along the vertical guide rail 12, a plurality of upright posts 15 are welded in the middle area of the upper surface of the concave fixing plate 11, in the embodiment, four upright posts 15 are uniformly distributed, and the top end of each upright post 15 is positioned on the circumference of the same circle, a circular ring frame 16 is fixed between the upper end parts of the upright posts 15, and the middle area of the rectangular workbench 11 is provided with a limit hole 17 corresponding to the position and size of the upright post 15, the upright post 15 penetrates through the limiting hole 17 to receive the ring frame 16, and the ring frame 16 is fixed on the upright post 15 through bolts or screws.

Referring to fig. 4, the lifting mechanism 2 includes four sets of turbine boxes 21 fixedly connected to the inner sides of four corners of the upper surface of the concave fixing plate 11, four sets of vertical lead screws 22 respectively connected to output ends of the upper ends of the turbine boxes 21, and transmission assemblies 23 respectively arranged between input ends of the turbine boxes 21 on the front and rear sides, end covers 211 are respectively arranged at connection ends of the turbine boxes 21, upper ends of the lead screws 22 respectively penetrate through limiting holes 18 correspondingly arranged on the rectangular workbench 11, and the lead screws 22 are connected with the lower surface of the rectangular workbench 14 through sleeves 24, so that the rectangular workbench 14 can move up and down under the action of the lead screws 22; in this embodiment, the transmission assembly 23 includes a first gear box 231 connected between the input ends of the two left turbine cases 21 through a transmission shaft 236 and a coupling 235, a second gear box 232 connected between the input ends of the two right turbine cases 21, and a third gear box 233 connected between the input ends of the first gear box 231 and the second gear box 232 through the transmission shaft 236, and the input end of the third gear box 233 is connected with a motor 234; the inside worm gear transmission structure that is of worm gear case, be the gear transmission structure in the gear box, the output of motor 234 is connected through transmission shaft 236 with the input of third gear case 233, and motor 234 starts, drives the gear box, drives lead screw 22 through gear box and worm gear case, realizes lead screw 22's lift, drives rectangle workstation 14 through sleeve 24 and carries out the translation from top to bottom.

Referring to fig. 5 to 9, the bar rotating mechanism 3 includes a rectangular insulating plate 31 fixedly connected to the central region of the upper surface of the rectangular workbench 14, a flange plate 32 fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the rectangular insulating plate 31, terminals 33 fixedly connected to the outer side of the circumference of the flange plate 32, the terminals 33 all externally connected to the negative pole of the zero line of the power supply, in this embodiment, four terminals 33 are provided and evenly distributed on the outer side of the circumference of the flange plate 32, a transition plate 34 rotatably connected to the upper surface of the flange plate 32, and a four-jaw chuck 35 fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the transition plate 34, the axial center of the transition plate 34 is connected to the output end of a motor 38 through vertical and horizontal transmission shafts 36, the end portions of the two transmission shafts 36 are connected in a meshing manner through two bevel gears 37, and the transmission shafts 36 are insulating shafts, the rectangular insulating, The axle center department of ring flange 32 and transition dish 34 all is provided with the through-hole that supplies transmission shaft 36 to pass, motor 38 is fixed by installing spacing case 39 on rectangular table 14 lower surface, and under the drive of motor 38, accessible transmission shaft 36 and bevel gear 37 drive transition dish 34 rotatory and then drive four-jaw chuck 35 and rotate, bar 5 is by four fixed centre gripping of jack catch 351, can rotate along with four-jaw chuck 35.

Referring to fig. 10 and 11, the rolling mechanism 4 includes a cylinder 41 corresponding to the jaws 351 of the four-jaw chuck 35 and a cutter 43 mounted at the front end of a cylinder piston rod 42, a cemented carbide ball 44 is mounted inside the front end of the cutter 43, the rear end of the cylinder 41 is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the circular frame 16 through an insulator 45, the insulator 45 is composed of a transverse fixing plate fixedly connected to the upper surface of the circular frame 16 and a vertical fixing plate connected between the rear end of the cylinder 41 and the transverse fixing plate, and a binding post 47 is arranged on a front hexagonal nut 46 of the cylinder 41, and the binding posts 47 are all externally connected to the positive pole of the live wire of the power supply.

Referring to fig. 12, in the present embodiment, the terminal 47 includes a column 471, a stud 472 disposed inside the column 471, and a wire 473 having one end connected to the stud 472, a screw cap 474 is disposed at an upper end of the stud 472, and the wire 473 and an upper side and a lower side of a connection end of the stud 472 are clamped and fixed by a gasket 475 and a nut 476.

When the device is used, the device is fixed on the ground through the base 13, a bar 5 to be processed is fixedly clamped in the clamping jaws 351, meanwhile, the hard alloy ball 44 on each cutter 43 is contacted with the surface of the processed bar 5 and pressed into a certain depth by controlling the piston rods 42 of the four cylinders 41, the binding post 47 on each air 41 is externally connected with a live wire positive pole of a power supply, the four binding posts 33 on the flange plate 32 are externally connected with a zero wire negative pole of the power supply and are connected with the power supply to form a closed loop with the processed bar 5, so that current passes through the processed bar, and the surface of the rectangular workbench 14 and the surface of the circular ring frame 16 are uncharged due to the arrangement of the rectangular insulating plate 31 and the insulating piece 45. At the moment, the motor is controlled to be started, and the motor 38 fixed on the lower surface of the rectangular workbench 14 runs to realize the rotation of the bar 5; and after the other motor 234 is started, the rectangular workbench 14 is controlled to move up and down, so that the processed bar 5 moves up and down and rotates, the hard alloy ball 44 rolls on the surface of the rotating bar 5, plastic deformation is generated on the surface of the processed bar 5, after the processing of the bar 5 is completed after a period of time, the power supply is firstly disconnected, then the motor is turned off, and finally the bar is taken down to prevent a worker from getting an electric shock.

The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.