阅读说明：本技术 一种新型低温氮气管道砂轮 (Novel low temperature nitrogen gas pipeline emery wheel ) 是由 张贝 张彦斌 李跃松 赫青山 牟娟 于 2019-10-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种新型低温氮气管道砂轮,包括砂轮基体、配气环、集气环、呈环形的轴承盖以及管接头,砂轮基体的其中一个端面上开设有用于安装配气环的环形凹槽,配气环与砂轮基体的端面密封连接,本发明的换热机理简单,冷却管路封闭连续,冷却介质流动稳定可控,依靠外部冷源提供有利换热条件,极大地增加了砂轮本身的换热能力,使得换热工艺稳定可靠,从而保证深切磨的工艺稳定性,为深切磨的进一步推广应用奠定了工艺稳定性的基础,而且,本发明所述的砂轮制造过程相对简单,砂轮各零部件基本上不经过热加工或热处理等环节,砂轮的最终使用精度相对较高,砂轮各组件采用一般的传统机械加工即可,大大节约了制造成本,降低了加工难度。(The invention provides a novel low-temperature nitrogen pipeline grinding wheel, which comprises a grinding wheel base body, a gas distribution ring, a gas collection ring, an annular bearing cover and a pipe joint, wherein one end face of the grinding wheel base body is provided with an annular groove for mounting the gas distribution ring, and the gas distribution ring is hermetically connected with the end face of the grinding wheel base body. Each component of the grinding wheel is machined by adopting a common traditional machine, so that the manufacturing cost is greatly saved, and the machining difficulty is reduced.)

1. The utility model provides a novel low temperature nitrogen gas pipeline emery wheel which characterized in that: the grinding wheel comprises a grinding wheel base body (1), a gas distribution ring (3), a gas collection ring (4), an annular bearing cover (7) and a pipe joint (8), wherein an annular groove (21) for mounting the gas distribution ring (3) is formed in one end face of the grinding wheel base body (1), the gas distribution ring (3) is hermetically connected with the end face of the grinding wheel base body (1), the gas collection ring (4) is located on one side, away from the grinding wheel base body (1), of the gas distribution ring (3), the gas collection ring (4) is in sliding connection with the grinding wheel base body (1) and the gas distribution ring (3), the annular bearing cover (7) is arranged on the outer side of the top end of the gas collection ring (4), the gas collection ring (4) is in sliding connection with the bearing cover (7), and the bearing cover (7) is fixedly connected with the grinding wheel base body (1) through bolts;

an annular air inlet pipeline (13) and an annular exhaust pipeline (14) are arranged on the end face of one end, close to the gas distribution ring (3), of the gas collection ring (4), and pipe joints (8) communicated with the annular air inlet pipeline (13) and the annular exhaust pipeline (14) are correspondingly arranged on the end face of one end, far away from the gas distribution ring (3), of the gas collection ring (4);

the grinding wheel is characterized in that a plurality of arc-shaped pipe cavities (10) are arranged in the outer edge of the grinding wheel base body (1) along the circumferential direction, two ends of each arc-shaped pipe cavity (10) are respectively communicated with one ends of a radial air inlet hole (11) and a radial air exhaust hole (12), and the other ends of the radial air inlet hole (11) and the radial air exhaust hole (12) are correspondingly communicated with an annular air inlet pipeline (13) and an annular air exhaust pipeline (14) after penetrating through the air distribution ring (3).

2. The novel cryogenic nitrogen pipeline grinding wheel of claim 1, wherein: the pipe joint (8) which is respectively correspondingly connected with the annular air inlet pipeline (13) and the annular exhaust pipeline (14) is respectively and correspondingly connected with the liquid nitrogen tank (17) and the normal-temperature nitrogen collecting device (18) through connecting pipelines.

3. The novel cryogenic nitrogen pipeline grinding wheel of claim 2, wherein: and a grinding wheel cover (20) is arranged on the outer side of the pipe joint (8), the grinding wheel cover (20) is fixedly connected with the gas collecting ring (4) through a support (19), and a connecting pipeline penetrates through the end face of the grinding wheel cover (20).

4. The novel cryogenic nitrogen pipeline grinding wheel of claim 1, wherein: the grinding wheel structure is characterized in that annular roller paths (16) are correspondingly arranged on the end faces, opposite to each other, of the gas distribution ring (3) and the grinding wheel base body (1) and the end faces, opposite to each other, of the gas collection ring (4) and the bearing cover (7), wherein the elastic retainer (6) used for limiting the spherical rolling bodies (5) is arranged on the outer sides of the roller paths (16) of the grinding wheel base body (1) and the bearing cover (7), and the spherical rolling bodies (5) are arranged between the elastic retainer (6) and the roller paths (16).

5. The novel cryogenic nitrogen pipeline grinding wheel of claim 4, wherein: the elastic retainer (6) is made of nylon material.

6. The novel cryogenic nitrogen pipeline grinding wheel of claim 4, wherein: the gas collecting ring (4) is integrally provided with a sliding block (15) at one end close to the gas distribution ring (3), and the sliding block (15) is matched with a slide way arranged on the end surface of the gas distribution ring (3).

7. The novel cryogenic nitrogen pipeline grinding wheel of claim 6, wherein: the longitudinal section of the sliding block (15) is triangular.

8. The novel cryogenic nitrogen pipeline grinding wheel of claim 4, wherein: an end cover (9) is arranged on the outer side of the outer edge of the grinding wheel base body (1), the end cover (9) is integrally of a U-shaped groove structure and detachably buckled on the outer side of the outer edge of the grinding wheel base body (1), and sealing rings are arranged at the contact positions of the two ends of the end cover (9) and the two end faces of the grinding wheel base body (1).

9. The novel cryogenic nitrogen pipeline grinding wheel of claim 8, wherein: the outer side wall of the end cover (9) is covered with an abrasive layer (2).

10. The novel cryogenic nitrogen pipeline grinding wheel of claim 1, wherein: the gas distribution ring (3) is connected with the grinding wheel base body (1) in a sealing mode through sealing glue.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of grinding wheel grinding, and particularly relates to a novel low-temperature nitrogen pipeline grinding wheel.

Background

The slow grinding and the high-efficiency deep cutting grinding are modern advanced grinding technologies, the grinding processes are deep cutting grinding, and unexpected high temperature of a grinding arc area is easily formed in the process of implementing the process, so that the process is unstable. Because the grinding arc area is bigger in the deep cutting and grinding process, the cooling liquid is difficult to enter the grinding arc area which is approximately closed, the cooling liquid is isolated from the surface of the grinding arc area due to the film boiling generated by high temperature in the grinding arc area, and in addition, along with the application of a high-speed grinding technology, the difficulty of the cooling liquid entering the grinding arc area is increased by a wind power field formed by the high-speed rotation of the grinding wheel, so that the enhanced heat exchange of the grinding arc area is very difficult. At present, the main method for solving the problem of deep cutting grinding is to increase the injection pressure and flow of cooling liquid, or radially inject the cooling liquid or cold air from the inner part of the grinding wheel, or improve the heat conduction capability of the grinding wheel; for example, the document "development of a CBN grinding wheel suitable for cooling in low-temperature cold air" 2001, which is published in journal "diamond and abrasive tool engineering" adopts a method of radially spraying cold air to the grinding wheel. The patent number CN103128676A entitled "Heat pipe grinding wheel for hard-to-process Material Dry grinding" and manufacturing method thereof "uses heat pipes to improve the heat conduction capability of the grinding wheel, and because the two methods can solve the problem of intensified heat exchange in the grinding arc area, other problems are also generated. The cooling method of low-temperature cold gas spraying limits the environmental friendliness of the gas, namely, the cold gas cannot cause health damage to operators, so that the minimum temperature and the non-toxic condition of the cold gas are limited, and the spraying condition of external cooling liquid is added, so that the spraying flow rate of the gas is limited. Although the grinding wheel of the heat pipe has a compact integral structure and great potential of heat transfer efficiency, the heat transfer efficiency of the grinding wheel is influenced because the flowing state of the heat transfer working medium in the heat pipe is extremely complicated due to the high-speed rotation of the grinding wheel.

Based on the problems, cooling gas and even liquid discharged by the existing cold source are introduced into a closed pipeline inside the grinding wheel, and the closed pipeline is close to a grinding arc area as much as possible, so that the effective heat exchange strengthening method is realized. Because the temperature of the low-temperature nitrogen is extremely low, the temperature can reach minus 70 ℃ generally, the temperature of the liquid nitrogen can even reach minus 170 ℃, when a cooling medium reaches the grinding wall surface of the grinding wheel, the temperature gradient is greatly increased, the heat flow density is sharply enhanced, and the heat flow density can be changed by adjusting the discharge flow of a cold source. Therefore, an effective solving way is provided for the problem of strengthening heat exchange of the grinding arc area of the deep cutting grinding.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a novel low-temperature nitrogen pipeline grinding wheel with an internal cooling system, which has higher heat exchange strengthening capacity and aims to overcome the defects in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a novel low-temperature nitrogen pipeline grinding wheel comprises a grinding wheel base body, a gas distribution ring, a gas collection ring, an annular bearing cover and a pipe joint, wherein an annular groove used for mounting the gas distribution ring is formed in one end face of the grinding wheel base body;

the end surface of one end of the gas collecting ring close to the gas distribution ring is provided with an annular gas inlet pipeline and an annular gas exhaust pipeline, and the end surface of one end of the gas collecting ring far away from the gas distribution ring is respectively and correspondingly provided with a pipe joint communicated with the annular gas inlet pipeline and the annular gas exhaust pipeline;

the grinding wheel base body is characterized in that a plurality of arc-shaped pipe cavities are arranged in the outer edge of the grinding wheel base body along the circumferential direction, two ends of each arc-shaped pipe cavity are respectively communicated with one end of a radial air inlet hole and one end of a radial air exhaust hole, and the other ends of the radial air inlet holes and the radial air exhaust holes respectively penetrate through the air distribution ring and then are correspondingly communicated with the annular air inlet pipeline and the annular air exhaust pipeline.

Furthermore, the pipe joints respectively and correspondingly connected with the annular air inlet pipeline and the annular exhaust pipeline are respectively and correspondingly connected with the liquid nitrogen tank and the normal-temperature nitrogen collecting device through connecting pipelines.

Furthermore, a grinding wheel cover is arranged on the outer side of the pipe joint, the grinding wheel cover is fixedly connected with the gas collecting ring through a support, and a connecting pipeline penetrates through the end face of the grinding wheel cover.

Furthermore, the end faces of the gas distribution ring and the grinding wheel base body which are opposite to each other and the end faces of the gas collection ring and the bearing cover which are opposite to each other are correspondingly provided with annular roller paths, wherein the grinding wheel base body and the bearing cover are both provided with elastic retainers used for limiting the spherical rolling elements on the outer sides of the roller paths, and the spherical rolling elements are arranged between the elastic retainers and the roller paths.

Further, the elastic retainer is made of a nylon material.

Furthermore, a sliding block is integrally arranged at one end of the gas collecting ring close to the gas distribution ring, and the sliding block is matched with a sliding way arranged on the end face of the gas distribution ring.

Furthermore, the longitudinal section of the sliding block is triangular.

Furthermore, an end cover is arranged on the outer side of the outer edge of the grinding wheel base body, the end cover is integrally of a U-shaped groove structure and detachably buckled on the outer side of the outer edge of the grinding wheel base body, and sealing rings are arranged at the contact positions of the two ends of the end cover and the two end faces of the grinding wheel base body.

Further, the outer side wall of the end cover is covered with an abrasive layer.

Furthermore, the gas distribution ring is connected with the grinding wheel base body in a sealing mode through sealing glue.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention has simple heat exchange mechanism, closed and continuous cooling pipeline, stable and controllable flow of cooling medium, provides favorable heat exchange conditions by an external cold source, greatly increases the heat exchange capability of the grinding wheel, ensures the stable and reliable heat exchange process, ensures the process stability of deep cutting grinding, lays the foundation of process stability for further popularization and application of the deep cutting grinding, has relatively simple manufacturing process of the grinding wheel, basically does not carry out links such as hot processing or heat treatment on each part of the grinding wheel, has relatively high final use precision of the grinding wheel, and only needs to adopt general traditional mechanical processing on each component of the grinding wheel, thereby greatly saving the manufacturing cost and reducing the processing difficulty.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the lower half of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary view of the upper half of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the connection of the pipe joint of the present invention with a liquid nitrogen tank and a normal temperature nitrogen gas collecting means;

the labels in the figure are: 1. the grinding wheel comprises a grinding wheel base body, 2, a grinding material layer, 3, a gas distribution ring, 4, a gas collection ring, 5, a spherical rolling body, 6, an elastic retainer, 7, a bearing cover, 8, a pipe joint, 9, an end cover, 10, an arc-shaped pipe cavity, 11, a radial air inlet hole, 12, a radial air outlet hole, 13, an annular air inlet pipeline, 14, an annular air outlet pipeline, 15, a sliding block, 16, a roller path, 17, a liquid nitrogen tank, 18, a normal-temperature nitrogen collecting device, 19, a support, 20, a grinding wheel cover, 21 and an annular groove.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

A novel low-temperature nitrogen pipeline grinding wheel comprises a grinding wheel base body 1, a gas distribution ring 3, a gas collection ring 4, an annular bearing cover 7 and a pipe joint 8, wherein an annular groove 21 for mounting the gas distribution ring 3 is formed in one end face of the grinding wheel base body 1, the gas distribution ring 3 is hermetically connected with the end face of the grinding wheel base body 1, the gas collection ring 4 is located on one side, away from the grinding wheel base body 1, of the gas distribution ring 3, the gas collection ring 4 is in sliding connection with the grinding wheel base body 1 and the gas distribution ring 3, the annular bearing cover 7 is arranged on the outer side of the top end of the gas collection ring 4, the gas collection ring 4 is in sliding connection with the bearing cover 7, and the bearing cover 7 is fixedly connected with the grinding wheel base body 1;

an annular air inlet pipeline 13 and an annular exhaust pipeline 14 are arranged on the end face of one end, close to the gas distribution ring 3, of the gas collection ring 4, and a pipe joint 8 communicated with the annular air inlet pipeline 13 and the annular exhaust pipeline 14 is correspondingly arranged on the end face of one end, far away from the gas distribution ring 3, of the gas collection ring 4;

the grinding wheel base body 1 is characterized in that a plurality of arc-shaped pipe cavities 10 are arranged in the outer edge of the grinding wheel base body 1 along the circumferential direction, two ends of each arc-shaped pipe cavity 10 are respectively communicated with one end of a radial air inlet hole 11 and one end of a radial air exhaust hole 12, and the other ends of the radial air inlet hole 11 and the radial air exhaust hole 12 are correspondingly communicated with an annular air inlet pipeline 13 and an annular air exhaust pipeline 14 after penetrating through an air distribution ring 3.

According to the scheme, the pipe joint 8 correspondingly connected with the annular air inlet pipeline 13 and the annular exhaust pipeline 14 is correspondingly connected with the liquid nitrogen tank 17 and the normal-temperature nitrogen collecting device 18 through connecting pipelines.

In a further optimized scheme, a grinding wheel cover 20 is arranged on the outer side of the pipe joint 8, the grinding wheel cover 20 is fixedly connected with the gas collecting ring 4 through a support 19, and a connecting pipeline penetrates through the end face of the grinding wheel cover 20.

Further optimizing the scheme, the end faces of the gas distribution ring 3 opposite to the grinding wheel base body 1 and the end faces of the gas collection ring 4 opposite to the bearing cover 7 are correspondingly provided with annular roller paths 16, wherein the elastic retainer 6 for limiting the spherical rolling element 5 is arranged on the outer sides of the roller paths 16 of the grinding wheel base body 1 and the bearing cover 7, and the spherical rolling element 5 is arranged between the elastic retainer 6 and the roller paths 16.

Further optimizing the scheme, the elastic retainer 6 is made of a nylon material.

In a further optimized scheme, a sliding block 15 is integrally arranged at one end of the gas collection ring 4 close to the gas distribution ring 3, and the sliding block 15 is matched with a sliding way arranged on the end face of the gas distribution ring 3.

Further optimize this scheme, the longitudinal section of slider 15 is triangle-shaped.

Further optimize this scheme, the outer fringe outside of emery wheel base member 1 is provided with an end cover 9, and this end cover 9 wholly is U type slot structure and detachable lock in the outer fringe outside of emery wheel base member 1, and the both ends of this end cover 9 all are provided with the sealing washer in the contact department with two terminal surfaces of emery wheel base member 1.

Further optimize this scheme, the lateral wall of end cover 9 coats and is stamped abrasive material layer 2.

Further optimizing the scheme, the gas distribution ring 3 is connected with the grinding wheel base body 1 in a sealing mode through sealing glue.

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a novel low-temperature nitrogen pipeline grinding wheel comprises a grinding wheel base body 1, and an abrasive layer 2, an air distribution ring 3, an air collection ring 4, a spherical rolling body 5, an elastic retainer 6, a bearing cover 7, a pipe joint 8, an end cover 9 and other parts which are covered on the outer side wall of the grinding wheel base body, as shown in fig. 3, a plurality of arc-shaped pipe cavities 10 which are distributed circumferentially are arranged at the position close to the outer edge in the grinding wheel base body 1, the arc-shaped pipe cavities 10 are respectively connected with a radial air inlet hole 11 and a radial air outlet hole 12, as shown in fig. 4 and 5 (wherein, fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view of the lower half part of fig. 2, and fig. 5 is a partial enlarged view of the upper half part of fig. 2), the air distribution ring 3 respectively connects the radial air inlet hole 11 and the air outlet hole 12 on the grinding wheel base body 1 with an annular, the gas collecting ring 4 and the gas distributing ring 3 are jointed through a slide block 15 with a triangular longitudinal section and isolate an annular gas inlet pipeline 13 and an annular gas outlet pipeline 14, and the spherical rolling bodies 5 are limited in a ball-and-socket type structure defined by the bearing cover and the gas distributing ring through the elastic retainer 6 and limited on a raceway 16 of the gas collecting ring to roll. As shown in fig. 6, the gas collecting ring 4 communicates the annular gas inlet pipe 13 and the annular gas outlet pipe 14 with the liquid nitrogen tank 17 and the normal temperature nitrogen gas collecting device 18 through the pipe joint 8. The grinding wheel cover 20 is fixed on the gas collecting ring 4 by the support 19, the gas collecting ring 4 and the pipe joint 8, the support 19 and the grinding wheel cover 20 are used as static parts when the grinding wheel base body 1 rotates at high speed, and other components of the grinding wheel are used as rotating parts.

The working principle of the invention is as follows:

in the grinding process, after the grinding wheel rotates at a high speed, an exhaust valve of a liquid nitrogen tank 17 is opened, liquid nitrogen is discharged and changed into low-temperature nitrogen, the low-temperature nitrogen sequentially enters a pipe joint 8, a gas collecting ring 4 and a gas distribution ring 3, then enters an arc-shaped pipe cavity 10 at the position close to the outer edge of the grinding wheel, the grinding wall surface of the grinding wheel is cooled to below 70 ℃, heat in a grinding arc region rapidly flows to a grinding wheel base body 1 and raises the temperature of the nitrogen, at the moment, the nitrogen flows towards an annular exhaust pipeline 14 while taking away the heat due to the fact that the pressure of an annular air inlet pipeline 13 is high, and then flows out through a radial exhaust hole 12 of the grinding wheel base body 1, the gas distribution ring 3. Because the heat transfer medium is low-temperature nitrogen, the temperature gradient of the grinding wall surface of the grinding wheel is greatly increased, and the flow of the nitrogen can be changed according to the specific conditions of the grinding process by adjusting the valve opening of the liquid nitrogen tank 17 or adjusting the pressure of the liquid nitrogen tank after the pump, even the liquid nitrogen is directly injected to increase the heat flow density.

In the invention, during assembly, the gas distribution ring 3 and the grinding wheel base body 1 are placed on a joint surface and coated with sealant so as to ensure the sealing between the gas distribution ring 3 and the grinding wheel base body 1. When the grinding wheel matrix 1 rotates at a high speed, the track binding surface 15 of the gas distribution ring 3 and the gas collection ring 4 is coated with low-viscosity sealing grease to ensure the insulation between cold nitrogen and hot nitrogen.

Each time grinding is performed, the grease of the kinematic pairs must first be replenished. Including the ball and socket structure on the bearing cap 7 of the gas distribution ring 3 and the cage 6 and the ball rolling elements 5, the method of supplementing the grease is mainly through gap injection and manual rotation to make the grease evenly distributed. During grinding, the grinding wheel is rotated for a certain time, and then nitrogen can be introduced to prevent cold air from damaging bearing parts.

The end cap 9 and the grinding wheel base body 1 should ensure sealing. And paving a layer of nylon sealing washer with the thickness of 0.1-0.2mm on the joint surface of the bolt connection, and coating a sealant on the joint surface and the sealing washer.

When the bearing cover 9 is assembled, different numbers of metal gaskets are adopted on the bolt connection surface of the bearing cover 9 and the grinding wheel base body 1 so as to adjust the pretension of the grinding wheel bearing.

After the grinding wheel is assembled, the grinding particle layer 2 can be electroplated on the outer wall surface of the grinding wheel, and the grinding material layer can be adhered on the wall surface in a segmented mode. Therefore, each part of the grinding wheel forms a whole grinding wheel assembly, and the grinding wheel assembly can be conveniently assembled and disassembled on a main shaft of the grinding machine.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.