阅读说明：本技术 一种制备粉煤灰/矿渣地聚物的化学激发剂 (Chemical excitant for preparing coal ash/slag geopolymer ) 是由 姚嘉斌 袁洁 宋学峰 巨建涛 于 2019-10-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种制备粉煤灰/矿渣地聚物的高性能化学激发剂。所述高性能化学激发剂按物质组成为：固体碱组分、钙质调节组分、增强组分、调凝组分；所述高性能化学激发剂按质量份数组成为：固体碱组分45-65份、钙质调节组分25~45份、增强组分0.05~0.2份、调凝组分0.5~2.0份；所述高性能化学激发剂掺量为5%~7%。本发明的技术优势：克服了传统液体水玻璃激发剂与粉煤灰/矿渣前驱体必须分装的技术问题；克服了传统液体水玻璃激发剂制备粉煤灰/矿渣地聚物收缩大易开裂及地聚过程难以控制的性能缺陷；克服了传统碳酸钠固体激发剂制备粉煤灰/矿渣地聚物强度偏低的性能缺陷。(The invention discloses a high-performance chemical excitant for preparing a fly ash/slag geopolymer, which comprises a solid alkali component, a calcareous regulating component, a reinforcing component and a coagulation regulating component, wherein the high-performance chemical excitant comprises 45-65 parts by mass of the solid alkali component, 25 ~ 45 parts by mass of the calcareous regulating component, 0.05 ~ 0.2.2 parts by mass of the reinforcing component and 0.5 ~ 2.0.0 parts by mass of the coagulation regulating component, and the mixing amount of the high-performance chemical excitant is 5% to ~ 7% to 7%.)

1. A chemical excitant for preparing a fly ash/slag geopolymer is characterized by comprising a solid alkali component, a calcium adjusting component, a reinforcing component and a coagulation regulating component, wherein the solid alkali component comprises, by mass, 45-65 parts of the solid alkali component, 25 ~ 45 parts of the calcium adjusting component, 0.05 ~ 0.2.2 parts of the reinforcing component and 0.5 ~ 2.0.0 parts of the coagulation regulating component;

the solid alkali component is sodium silicate, sodium carbonate or a mixture of the sodium silicate and the sodium carbonate;

the calcareous regulating component is portland cement clinker, and the mineral composition and the performance of the calcareous regulating component meet the standard requirements of portland cement clinker (GB/T21372-2008);

the reinforcing component is lithium carbonate;

the coagulation regulating component is sodium gluconate;

the chemical excitant is mixed into the fly ash or the slag precursor and evenly mixed.

2. The chemical excitant for producing flyash/slag geopolymer according to claim 1, wherein: the chemical activator is added in an amount of Na in the solid alkali component₂Calculated as O, the content is 5 percent ~ 7 percent.

3. The chemical excitant for producing flyash/slag geopolymer according to claim 1, wherein: the sodium silicate is industrial anhydrous sodium metasilicate powder, the purity is not less than 98 percent, and the modulus is 1.0; the sodium carbonate is industrial anhydrous sodium carbonate powder, and the purity is not less than 99%.

4. The chemical excitant for producing flyash/slag geopolymer according to claim 1, wherein: the lithium carbonate is of industrial grade, and the purity is not less than 99%.

5. The chemical excitant for producing flyash/slag geopolymer according to claim 1, wherein: the sodium gluconate is of industrial grade and has the purity not less than 98%.

6. The method of claim 1The preparation method of the chemical excitant for preparing the fly ash/slag geopolymer is characterized by comprising the following steps: step one, grinding the portland cement clinker meeting the standard requirement of portland cement clinker (GB/T21372-2008) by adopting a ball mill until the specific surface area is 350 +/-10 m²(iv)/kg, as a calcilytic component;

secondly, sequentially adding the solid alkali component, the calcium adjusting component, the reinforcing component and the coagulation regulating component into grinding equipment for grinding for 30min according to the composition requirements of the mass parts;

and step three, waterproof packaging is adopted for the micro powder ground in the step two, and the fly ash/slag geopolymer chemical exciting agent is obtained.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of novel ecological building materials, and relates to a high-performance chemical excitant for preparing a fly ash/slag geopolymer cementing material.

Background

Geopolymers or geopolymers (geopolymers) are inorganic polymer materials formed by taking industrial solid wastes, metallurgical slag or burnt clay as precursors, caustic alkali, carbonate, sulfate, water glass and the like as exciting agents and carrying out depolymerization-polycondensation processes of aluminosilicate minerals in an alkaline environment. The mineral polymer has the characteristics of fast setting and hardening, early strength, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, environmental friendliness and the like, and is known as a novel cementing material with the greatest development prospect in the 21 st century.

At present, the precursors for preparing geopolymers mainly comprise aluminosilicate solid wastes such as fly ash, granulated blast furnace slag, metakaolin, red mud and the like, and the chemical activators mainly comprise caustic soda, sodium silicate, sodium carbonate and the like. Different geopolymers can be prepared by combining different precursors with chemical excitants, wherein the research on geopolymer preparation by using sodium silicate to excite fly ash/slag is the most extensive and the application is the most common.

The preparation of the fly ash/slag geopolymer by sodium silicate can fully realize the early strength and high strength characteristics of the geopolymer, but has the following problems: the geopolymerization process is difficult to control, and the hardened body has large drying shrinkage and is easy to crack; the water glass is liquid, and must be packed separately from fly ash/slag, and only can implement the preparation process of geopolymer by two components, and the engineering application difficulty is large, and the process is tedious. The solid alkali component (such as caustic alkali and sodium carbonate) is utilized to excite the fly ash/slag geopolymer, so that the technical problems of high geopolymer construction difficulty, complicated process and the like can be solved, and the performance problems of slow strength development, low absolute strength and the like also exist. Therefore, on the premise of ensuring the excellent performance of the geopolymer of the fly ash/slag, the key technical problems of promoting the engineering application of geopolymer cementing materials are to realize safe production and simple preparation process.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention combines the performance of the fly ash/slag geopolymer and the technical problems of the preparation process, and realizes the simple and easy preparation process of the fly ash/slag geopolymer with reliable performance by selecting a proper chemical excitant.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme that the chemical excitant for preparing the fly ash/slag geopolymer comprises a solid alkali component, a calcium regulating component, an enhancing component and a coagulation regulating component, wherein the components comprise, by mass, 45-65 parts of the solid alkali component, 25 ~ 45 parts of the calcium regulating component, 0.05 ~ 0.2.2 parts of the enhancing component and 0.5 ~ 2.0.0 part of the coagulation regulating component;

the solid alkali component is sodium silicate, sodium carbonate or a mixture of the sodium silicate and the sodium carbonate;

the calcareous regulating component is portland cement clinker, and the mineral composition and the performance of the calcareous regulating component meet the standard requirements of portland cement clinker (GB/T21372-2008);

the reinforcing component is lithium carbonate;

the coagulation regulating component is sodium gluconate.

The dosage of the chemical activator is 5 percent to ~ 7 percent calculated by Na2O in the solid alkali component.

The sodium silicate is industrial anhydrous sodium metasilicate powder, the purity is not less than 98 percent, and the modulus is 1.0; the sodium carbonate is industrial anhydrous sodium carbonate powder, and the purity is not less than 99%.

The lithium carbonate is of industrial grade, and the purity is not less than 99%.

The sodium gluconate is of industrial grade and has purity not less than 98%.

The preparation method of the chemical excitant of the fly ash/slag geopolymer comprises the first step of grinding the silicate cement clinker meeting the standard requirement of silicate cement clinker (GB/T21372-2008) by a ball mill until the specific surface area is 350 +/-10 m²(iv)/kg, as a calcilytic component;

step two, sequentially adding the solid alkali component, the calcium adjusting component, the reinforcing component and the coagulation adjusting component into grinding equipment (Raymond mill) for grinding for 30min according to the composition requirements of the mass parts;

and step three, waterproof packaging is adopted for the micro powder ground in the step two, and the fly ash/slag geopolymer chemical exciting agent is obtained.

When in use, the prepared chemical excitant is doped into the fly ash/slag precursor according to the set doping amount of the chemical excitant and is uniformly mixed, so that the fly ash/slag geopolymeric cementing material can be obtained.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the chemical excitant solves the technical problem that the traditional liquid water glass excitant and the fly ash/slag precursor need to be separately packaged.

(2) The chemical excitant has high performance, and overcomes the performance defects that the pulverized fuel ash/slag geopolymer prepared by the traditional liquid water glass excitant has large shrinkage and is easy to crack and the geopolymer process is difficult to control; overcomes the performance defect of lower strength of fly ash/slag geopolymer prepared by the traditional sodium carbonate solid excitant.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. The following description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications or equivalent variations of the following examples, which are made according to the technical essence of the present invention, fall within the scope of protection of the present invention, without departing from the content of the present invention.