阅读说明：本技术 一种面料花型的热转移方法 (Thermal transfer method of fabric pattern ) 是由 刘静 李琦 林贤同 于 2019-09-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种面料花型的热转移方法,在载体表面涂布离型层和墨水吸收层,烘干后安装到数码印花机或者凹版印刷机上进行花型印刷,得到可剥离印花膜,然后将可剥离印花膜安装在热转移机转移膜放卷装置上；在待印花的面料表面先涂布一层含有水溶性热熔胶的浆料并烘干,然后收卷于印花面料放卷装置上；将待印花的面料、可剥离印花膜同时穿过热转移机的金属辊和加压辊之间,调节金属辊的加热温度,以及金属辊和加压辊之间的压力,开动热转印机,在金属辊和加压辊的温度和压力作用下,水溶热熔胶熔融,粘附可剥离印花膜的印花层,印花层将完全从塑料膜上剥离到面料上。(The invention discloses a heat transfer method of fabric patterns, which comprises the steps of coating a release layer and an ink absorption layer on the surface of a carrier, drying the carrier, installing the dried carrier on a digital printing machine or a gravure printing machine for pattern printing to obtain a strippable printing film, and then installing the strippable printing film on a heat transfer machine transfer film unwinding device; coating a layer of sizing agent containing water-soluble hot melt adhesive on the surface of the fabric to be printed, drying, and then rolling on a printed fabric unwinding device; the fabric to be printed and the strippable printing film simultaneously pass through a space between a metal roller and a pressing roller of a heat transfer machine, the heating temperature of the metal roller and the pressure between the metal roller and the pressing roller are adjusted, the heat transfer machine is started, the water-soluble hot melt adhesive is melted under the action of the temperature and the pressure of the metal roller and the pressing roller, the printing layer of the strippable printing film is adhered, and the printing layer is completely stripped from the plastic film to the fabric.)

1. A fabric pattern heat transfer method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) respectively coating a release layer and an ink absorbing layer on the surface of a carrier, or simultaneously coating the release layer and the ink absorbing layer, drying, then installing the carrier on a digital printing machine or a gravure printing machine for pattern printing to obtain a peelable printing carrier, and then installing the peelable printing carrier on a heat transfer machine transfer carrier unreeling device;

(2) coating a layer of sizing agent containing water-soluble hot melt adhesive on the surface of the fabric to be printed, drying, and mounting the rolled fabric on a fabric unwinding device of a heat transfer machine;

(3) simultaneously enabling the fabric to be printed and the strippable printing carrier in the step (2) and the step (1) to pass through a space between a metal roller and a pressing roller of a heat transfer machine, adjusting the heating temperature of the metal roller and the pressure between the metal roller and the pressing roller, starting the heat transfer machine, melting the water-soluble hot melt adhesive under the action of the temperature and the pressure of the metal roller and the pressing roller, adhering a printing layer of the strippable printing carrier, completely stripping the printing layer from the carrier to the fabric, winding the stripped carrier with the printing layer removed on a winding device of the heat transfer machine, placing the printed fabric on a fabric collecting device, and performing steaming, washing and setting processes to finally obtain the printed fabric; or the strippable printing carrier and the fabric are not separated immediately after the heat transfer, but are rolled simultaneously, stripped before the steaming, and then subjected to the steaming, washing and setting processes to obtain the printed fabric.

2. The thermal transfer method of fabric patterns according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the carrier is paper or plastic film, wherein the plastic film is a PET film or a BOPP film.

3. The thermal transfer method of fabric patterns according to claim 2, wherein when the carrier is paper, a release layer is coated first, and then an ink absorption layer is coated; when the carrier is a plastic film, the plastic film is a PET film or a BOPP film; when the plastic film is a PET film, firstly coating a release layer on the printing surface of the plastic film, and then coating an ink absorption layer; when the plastic film is a BOPP film, the release layer and the ink absorption layer are coated sequentially or simultaneously.

4. The fabric pattern heat transfer method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the water-soluble hot melt adhesive is any one of polyoxyethylene, hydroxypropyl cellulose, polyethylene glycol, water-soluble polyamide, water-soluble polyurethane or water-soluble polyester.

5. The fabric pattern heat transfer method according to claim 1, wherein in step (3), the metal roller is internally provided with an electric heating pipe, a heat conduction oil pipeline or a steam pipeline.

6. The thermal transfer method of fabric patterns according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the inner core of the pressure roller is made of metal, and nylon, wool paper or cotton paper is wrapped outside the inner core; the two ends of the central shaft of the pressure roller are connected with a pressure device through bearings, the pressure device is a sliding block connected with an oil cylinder or an air cylinder, and the sliding block can slide up and down in the sliding groove track under the action of oil pressure or air pressure, so that the pressure roller is close to the metal roller to pressurize or is far away from the metal roller to remove pressure.

7. A method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the heating range of the metal roller is 80-250 ℃.

8. A method of heat-transferring a fabric pattern according to claim 6, wherein the pressure between the pressure roller and the metal roller is 50 to 150 tons.

9. A method for thermal transfer of a fabric pattern according to claim 1, wherein in step (3), the diameter of the metal roll and the pressure roll is 150 mm to 600 mm.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of textile printing and dyeing, and particularly relates to a thermal transfer method for textile fabric patterns.

Background

The textile printing is that dye or pigment capable of dyeing textile fabric is applied to a local part of the surface of one side of the textile fabric through a physical or chemical method, the dye or pigment is deposited through a physical or chemical reaction, and has certain binding fastness with textile fabric fibers to form local dyeing on the textile, and the whole process is called textile printing.

The traditional textile printing is to make a plate through a cylindrical nickel screen or a flat screen, then, under the action of a scraper, printing paste leaks onto the fabric, and the printed textile is obtained after drying, steaming and washing. However, the process has huge three-waste discharge and serious environmental pollution. With the increasing environmental protection requirements, the three wastes are discharged less, and a printing process which is relatively environment-friendly is continuously developed. For example, chinese patent No. ZL200410041034.1 discloses a transfer printing process for natural fiber fabric, which comprises applying a release agent on paper, printing with water-soluble reactive dye, rolling the fabric with alkali solution, passing through a padder together with the printed paper, and dyeing by dissociating the dye on the paper and permeating into the fabric fiber. A Chinese patent with the patent number ZL200710025329 discloses a wet transfer printing method of natural fibers and chinlon, which mainly comprises the following steps: 1. selecting acid dye ink or reactive dye ink; 2. printing, namely printing the surface of the PET film or the BOPP film by using selected printing ink through a pattern roller to prepare a transfer printing film; 3. transfer printing, namely passing the natural fiber fabric and the chinlon through impregnation liquid, and pressurizing the printing film and the printed fabric through a padder simultaneously; 4. and (4) drying, namely drying the fabric subjected to the transfer, and carrying out baking fixation. The invention patent of Chinese patent No. 201210245681.9 discloses a method for transferring patterns onto a fiber fabric, which comprises the following steps: (1) coating and printing a transfer layer: coating the prepared coating adhesive on a film or paper by a gravure printing machine or a coating machine to form a transfer layer on the surface of the film or paper, drying, and then printing the surface of the transfer layer by dye ink to prepare a transfer printing film or transfer printing paper; (2) sizing treatment of the fiber fabric: coating transfer printing color fixing slurry on the surface of the fiber fabric; (3) pattern transfer printing: (4) and (3) steaming and fixing color: and (4) stripping the transfer printing film or the transfer printing paper after transfer printing, and drying, steaming and fixing the fiber fabric. However, in all the above methods, the fabric is wetted, the wetted fabric and the carrier film or paper printed with the pattern are pasted together, the pattern dye on the carrier is dissolved by the moisture on the fabric under the action of pressure and temperature, and is transferred to the fabric, and then the dye is fixed by cold piling or baking, or is fixed by drying and steaming.

However, the biggest defect of wet transfer printing is that the moisture of the fabric is extremely difficult to control uniformly, which causes the inconsistency of the transfer rate of the pattern dye, and finally causes the color difference of the printed fabric, resulting in low rate of certified products. Patent application 201611065974.3 also discloses a method for pre-preparing transfer printing of fiber fabric, which comprises dissolving reactive dye in water, adding thickening adhesive, deliquescent agent, electrolyte and leveling agent to obtain reactive printing ink, and coating onto film with release layer by gravure printing machine to obtain transfer printing film; coating the fabric with a coating liquid containing assistants such as sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate and sodium silicate, adhering the coating liquid to the transfer printing film in a wet state, rolling the film and the fabric together, preserving heat, stacking and fixing reactive dyes; finally, the fabric is coated with a water solution containing auxiliaries such as cationic polyacrylamide, polyaluminium chloride, a coupling agent and the like, and is dried to form a printing finished product. The method disclosed in this patent application also belongs to the wet transfer range, because it is extremely difficult to control the moisture on the fabric to be consistent in the process of coating the fiber by the coating machine, which causes inconsistency of the transfer rate of the reactive dye, and finally causes the printed fabric to form color difference, resulting in low rate of certified products; in addition, the fixation rate of the reactive dye in printing is not more than 85 percent at most, namely at least 15 percent of the reactive dye can not be combined with the fiber, and the coating liquid and the wetting liquid contain a large amount of alkaline agent and a plurality of auxiliary agents, so that the fabric can not be removed without washing, and the beneficial effects of no waste, no waste water and no waste gas can not be realized. Under such circumstances, patent nos. 201210465420.8, 201110038659.2, 201110089121.4, 201010519572.2, 201010549813.8 and 201010621434.5 respectively propose a transfer method of fabric pattern, which is a completely new dry heat transfer method different from wet transfer, and is to dissolve a high molecular substance having both heat-melting property and water-solubility property in water or a mixed solution of water and an organic solvent, coat, dry and roll a paper or plastic film for standby; printing paper or plastic film with dye ink or dye water ink to obtain transfer paper or transfer film; attaching the printing surface of the transfer printing paper or the transfer printing film to a fabric to be transferred, feeding the attached printing paper or the transfer printing film and the fabric to be transferred into a transfer printing machine, heating and pressurizing to realize printing; firstly, stripping the transfer printing paper or the transfer printing film, and then fixing the dye; or firstly fixing the dye and then stripping the transfer printing paper or the transfer printing film; and (5) washing and shaping the fabric to finish transfer printing. The biggest defect of the process is that the hot melting substance in a melting state has huge affinity with a plastic film or paper of a carrier, and the hot melting substance on the carrier can not be completely transferred to the fabric, so that the transfer rate is low, the utilization rate of dye is low, the color of the printed fabric is light, and the saturation is not enough. Patent No. 201310106934.9 proposes that a water-soluble hot melt adhesive having both hot melt property and water solubility is coated on a fabric and dried, and then a common wet transfer film or wet transfer paper is attached to the fabric, and a dye is dry-transferred to the fabric under pressure and temperature conditions. The process has the same defects as the method of the dry heat transfer patent, because the dye layer of the common wet transfer film or the wet transfer paper has great adhesive force with the base material, and the dye residue on the base material is very much during transfer printing, thereby causing low transfer rate, low utilization rate of the dye, light color of the printed fabric and insufficient saturation. Patent application 201811539801.X discloses a transfer printing method, which comprises the steps of firstly preparing a release layer; coating a printing material on the release layer, drying and curing to form a printing layer on the surface of the release layer; then the color is fixed for 12 to 18 hours at the temperature of between 50 and 60 ℃; coating hot melt adhesive on the surface, drying and curing to form a hot melt adhesive layer on the surface, and rolling to obtain the transfer membrane; treating and drying the grey cloth by using a chitosan solution, then attaching the grey cloth to the transfer film for hot pressing, tearing off the base film after hot pressing, sequentially covering the surface of the cloth with a hot melt adhesive layer, a printing layer and a release layer, and rolling after cooling; finally, the hot melt adhesive layer is solidified by keeping the temperature at 70-80 ℃ for 6-8 hours to obtain the printed cloth with good color fastness. According to the specification and the embodiment of the patent application, the first curing is to keep the temperature of the resin in the printing layer at a certain temperature for a certain time, so that the resin in the printing layer is crosslinked and cured and loses the dissolving property, and the printing layer cannot be corroded when the hot melt adhesive is coated in the later process; the second heat preservation is to solidify the hot melt adhesive layer, so that the color fastness can be further improved, and the color is not easy to fade during washing; according to the specification and the embodiment of the application and the beneficial effects of high color fastness, strong water resistance and long service life, the patent application belongs to the field of hot melt transfer printing of coatings and does not belong to the same category as the invention.

Therefore, how to improve the transfer rate of dry heat transfer printing, thereby improving the utilization rate of the pattern dye on the carrier and improving the color depth and saturation of the printing fabric becomes a difficult problem to be solved urgently for textile printing.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a thermal transfer method of textile fabric patterns aiming at the defects of the prior art, so that compared with the prior art of textile printing, the thermal transfer method has higher transfer rate, higher dye utilization rate, higher printing fastness and better surface color depth and color saturation.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a thermal transfer method of fabric patterns comprises the following steps:

(1) respectively coating a release layer and an ink absorbing layer on the surface of a carrier, or simultaneously coating the release layer and the ink absorbing layer, drying, then installing the carrier on a digital printing machine or a gravure printing machine for pattern printing to obtain a peelable printing carrier, and then installing the peelable printing carrier on a heat transfer machine transfer carrier unreeling device;

(2) coating a layer of sizing agent containing water-soluble hot melt adhesive on the surface of the fabric to be printed, drying, and mounting the rolled fabric on a fabric unwinding device of a heat transfer machine;

(3) simultaneously enabling the fabric to be printed and the strippable printing carrier in the step (2) and the step (1) to pass through a space between a metal roller and a pressing roller of a heat transfer machine, adjusting the heating temperature of the metal roller and the pressure between the metal roller and the pressing roller, starting the heat transfer machine, melting the water-soluble hot melt adhesive under the action of the temperature and the pressure of the metal roller and the pressing roller, adhering a printing layer of the strippable printing carrier, completely stripping the printing layer from the carrier to the fabric, winding the stripped carrier with the printing layer removed on a winding device of the heat transfer machine, placing the printed fabric on a fabric collecting device, and performing steaming, washing and setting processes to finally obtain the printed fabric; or the strippable printing carrier and the fabric are not separated immediately after the heat transfer, but are rolled simultaneously, stripped before the steaming, and then subjected to the steaming, washing and setting processes to obtain the printed fabric.

Specifically, in the step (1), the carrier is paper or a plastic film; the plastic film is a PET film or a BOPP film; when the transfer printing film is manufactured by digital printing, a PET film is required to be used as a transfer printing film base film because the drying temperature is high; when the transfer film is manufactured using the gravure press, both films can be used as base films of the transfer film.

Preferably, when the carrier is paper, a release layer needs to be coated firstly, and an ink absorption layer needs to be coated; when the carrier is a plastic film, the carrier is divided into a PET film and a BOPP film, when the plastic film is the PET film, because the PET film is a polar film, the surface of the PET film is provided with polar groups, a release layer needs to be coated firstly, and then an ink absorption layer is coated, however, the PET film also has special cases, after a few release agents and ink absorbent solution are mixed, the mixture is coated on the PET film for one time and dried, the release effect and the ink absorption effect are good, for example, polyvinyl butyral resin dissolved in an organic solvent as the release agent and hydroxypropyl cellulose dissolved in the same organic solvent as the ink absorbent are dissolved in the PET film, and after the mixture is coated on the PET film for one time, the release effect and the ink absorption effect are good; when the plastic film is a BOPP film, the BOPP film is a nonpolar film, and most of resin is coated on the surface of the BOPP film and can be normally separated, so that a separation layer and an ink absorption layer can be mixed and coated or coated in sequence, or coating resin which can be separated and can absorb ink on the BOPP film is directly selected and coated at one time.

There are three different types of release layers: one is that the release resin is combined with the plastic film, the release resin is nonpolar, and the release resin and the water absorption layer are easy to release, namely the release resin is attached to the surface of the plastic film during peeling, for example, an organic silicon release agent is the release agent; the second is that the adhesive force between the resin and the plastic film is low, and the adhesive force between the resin and the water absorption layer is strong, when the resin is transferred and peeled, the release layer is peeled from the plastic film, and the resin and the water absorption layer are transferred and printed on the fabric at the same time, for example, a perchloroethylene release agent belongs to the category; the third is mainly used for nonpolar BOPP films, because the BOPP films are nonpolar films, and a lot of resins are coated on the surfaces of the BOPP films and can be peeled off, a lot of resins can be used as a release layer and an ink absorption layer and coated on the surfaces of the BOPP films at the same time, or a small amount of release agent is mixed in the ink absorption layer in order to increase the peeling effect.

The printed layer of the peelable printed carrier obtained in the step (1) has certain adhesion with the carrier, but can be completely peeled off from the carrier without any residue under the adhesion of the adhesive substance.

In the step (2), the water-soluble hot melt adhesive is of various types, all of which are soluble in water and can become fluid at high temperature, and the thermoplastic high molecular substances are water-soluble hot melt adhesives of various types, including but not limited to polyoxyethylene, hydroxypropyl cellulose, polyethylene glycol, water-soluble polyamide, water-soluble polyurethane, water-soluble polyester and the like.

In the step (3), if the transferred fabric can enter a subsequent steaming process in time, the carrier can be immediately peeled off on a transfer machine after the pattern transfer, the transferred carrier and the transferred fabric are respectively rolled, and then the fabric immediately enters the steaming process; if the transferred fabric cannot be steamed in time due to production arrangement, the carrier can be not peeled off, the carrier and the fabric are rolled together and placed, and the carrier and the fabric are peeled off before steaming. Therefore, the moisture regain of the fabric in the later stacking process due to untimely steaming can be prevented, and the white bottom contamination of the fabric is avoided.

Specifically, in the step (3), the metal roller adopts one of the following three structures to realize heating:

(1) the metal roller is internally provided with an electric heating pipe which is electrically heated;

(2) the metal roller is internally provided with a heat conduction oil pipeline, the heating pipeline is communicated with an external heat storage oil device, and hot oil is circularly introduced for heating;

(3) and a steam pipeline is arranged in the metal roller, is communicated with an external steam pipe, and is circularly introduced for heating.

The temperature of the metal roller can be adjusted from room temperature to 250 ℃ by the heating device.

In the step (3), the diameter of the metal roller and the diameter of the pressure roller are 150-600 mm, the pressure roller is a nylon roller with a metal inner core and nylon wrapping outside; or a wool roller or a cotton roller which is processed by wrapping wool paper or cotton paper; the thickness of the nylon or wool paper or cotton stained paper is 15 mm-40 mm.

The two ends of the central shaft of the pressure roller are connected with a pressure device through bearings, the pressure device is a sliding block connected with an oil cylinder or an air cylinder, and the sliding block can slide up and down in the sliding groove track under the action of oil pressure or air pressure, so that the pressure roller is close to the metal roller to pressurize or is far away from the metal roller to remove pressure. Two ends of the central shaft of the metal roller are connected to the frame of the thermal transfer printer through bearings, and one end of the central shaft of the metal roller is connected with a transmission device.

The heating temperature of the metal roller is different according to the types of the water-soluble hot melt adhesive, for example, when the water-soluble hot melt adhesive is polyethylene glycol 20000, the melting point of the polyethylene glycol 20000 is 75 ℃, so that the transfer temperature is 80 ℃ to achieve complete transfer, and when the water-soluble polyamide is selected, the melting point of the water-soluble polyamide is 180 ℃, so that the water-soluble polyamide can be completely transferred at the temperature of 200 ℃.

Wherein, the pressure between the nylon roller (or the cotton roller or the wool roller) and the metal roller is 50-150 tons, and when the fabric is light and thin fabric such as down jacket nylon yarn, only 50 tons can be completely transferred; the thick and heavy wool slubbed fabric needs 150 tons to be completely transferred.

In the prior art, no matter the wet transfer or the dry heat transfer of the fabric, the treatment of the waste plastic film after the pattern transfer of the fabric is very troublesome, because more dye residues are left on the plastic film, the plastic film can not be directly recycled, the waste plastic film can be recycled only by washing off the residual dye on the plastic film with water, a large amount of colored wastewater is generated by washing the plastic film with water, and the environment is polluted. The waste plastic film has the advantages that the dye layer is completely peeled and transferred to the fabric, and no dye is left on the plastic film, so that the plastic film can be directly recycled, resources are saved, and environmental pollution is reduced.

Has the advantages that:

1. compared with the prior art, the dye layer can be completely peeled and transferred onto the fabric during pattern heat transfer, namely the transfer rate during pattern heat transfer is improved to 100%, so that the dye can be completely and fully dyed onto the fabric during subsequent steaming or baking fixation, the dye is utilized to the maximum extent, the color fastness of the printed fabric is improved, and the color depth, the vividness and the saturation of the surface of the fabric are improved.

2. According to the waste plastic film disclosed by the invention, the dye layer is completely peeled off and transferred to the fabric, and no dye residue is left on the plastic film, so that the plastic film can be directly recycled, resources are saved, and the environmental pollution is reduced.

Drawings

The foregoing and/or other advantages of the invention will become further apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal transfer device according to the present invention.

Wherein each reference numeral represents: 1, a strippable printing carrier unreeling device; 2, a printed fabric unwinding device; 3, a metal roller; 4 a pressure roller; 5, a printing carrier winding device; 6 printed fabric winding device.

Detailed Description

The invention will be better understood from the following examples.

The structures, proportions, and dimensions shown in the drawings and described in the specification are for understanding and reading the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, which is defined in the claims, and are not essential to the skilled in the art. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear" and "middle" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the relative positions may be changed or adjusted without substantial technical changes.

As shown in fig. 1, the thermal transfer printing device for fabric printing comprises a peelable printing carrier (film) unwinding device 1, a printing fabric unwinding device 2, a metal roller 3, a pressing roller 4, a printing carrier (film) winding device 5 and a printing fabric winding device 6. Wherein, 4 center pin both ends of impression roller are connected with pressure device through the bearing, and pressure device is the slider that is connected with the hydro-cylinder, and under oil pressure or atmospheric pressure effect, the slider can slide from top to bottom in the spout track for impression roller 4 is close to metal roll 3 and is carried out the pressurization or is far away from metal roll 3 and withdraw pressure. Two ends of the central shaft of the metal roller 3 are connected to the frame of the thermal transfer printer through bearings, and one end of the central shaft is connected with a transmission device.