阅读说明：本技术 Led驱动电路及其调光控制方法 (LED drive circuit and dimming control method thereof ) 是由 叶美盼 于 2019-08-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请公开了一种LED驱动电路及其调光控制方法。该驱动电路与调光器相连接,以获得经过斩波的交流输入电压,以及与LED相连接以控制流经所述LED的负载电流。该驱动电路包括：电流控制电路,用于控制流经LED的负载电流,以及根据直流母线电压调节负载电流在半工频周期中的持续时间从而实现调光,其中,电流控制电路根据负载电流的检测值获得调光器的导通角范围,选择性地工作于开环模式和闭环模式之一,在开环模式中,电流控制电路将负载电流维持为基准电流,在闭环模式中,电流控制电路根据直流母线电压负反馈调节负载电流。该LED驱动电路针对调光器中可控硅的不同导通角,采用不同模式控制晶体管的导通状态,可以兼顾调光的亮度稳定性和调节响应速度。(The application discloses an LED drive circuit and a dimming control method thereof. The driver circuit is connected to the dimmer to obtain a chopped AC input voltage and to the LED to control a load current flowing through the LED. The drive circuit includes: and the current control circuit is used for controlling the load current flowing through the LED and adjusting the duration time of the load current in a half power frequency cycle according to the DC bus voltage so as to realize dimming, wherein the current control circuit obtains the conduction angle range of the dimmer according to the detection value of the load current and selectively works in one of an open-loop mode and a closed-loop mode, the current control circuit maintains the load current as a reference current in the open-loop mode, and the current control circuit negatively feeds back and adjusts the load current according to the DC bus voltage in the closed-loop mode. The LED driving circuit adopts different modes to control the conduction state of the transistor according to different conduction angles of the controllable silicon in the dimmer, and can give consideration to the brightness stability and the response speed of dimming.)

1. An LED driver circuit connected to a dimmer to obtain a chopped ac input voltage and to an LED to control a load current flowing through the LED, the LED driver circuit comprising:

the rectifier bridge is used for converting the chopped AC input voltage into DC bus voltage with a half power frequency period; and

a current control circuit connected in series with the LED between a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal of the rectifier bridge, adjusting the duration of the load current in the half power frequency cycle according to the DC bus voltage to realize dimming,

wherein the current control circuit obtains a conduction angle range of the dimmer according to the detected value of the load current, selectively operates in one of an open-loop mode and a closed-loop mode,

in the open loop mode, the current control circuit maintains the load current as a reference current,

in the closed-loop mode, the current control circuit negatively feeds back the regulated load current according to the DC bus voltage.

2. The LED driver circuit of claim 1, further comprising:

a bleed circuit connected between the positive and negative output terminals of the rectifier bridge for providing a bleed current for providing a holding current of the dimmer; and

and the cathode of the diode is connected to the positive output end of the rectifier bridge, and the cathode of the diode is connected to the anode of the LED.

3. The LED drive circuit of claim 1, wherein the current control circuit comprises:

a transistor, a first sampling resistor and a second sampling resistor connected in series with the LED;

the closed-loop control module generates a first signal according to the direct-current bus voltage and a first current sampling signal at two ends of the first sampling resistor;

the open-loop control module generates a second signal according to a second current sampling signal at two ends of the second sampling resistor; and

and the selection module is connected with the closed-loop control module and the open-loop control module and selects one of the first signal and the second signal as a control signal of the transistor.

4. The LED drive circuit of claim 3, wherein the closed-loop control module comprises:

a comparator comparing the first current sampling signal with a first reference voltage to generate a detection signal;

the reference generation module is connected with the comparator and converts the detection signal into a voltage signal;

the integration module is connected with the reference generation module and is used for comparing and integrating the first current sampling signal with the voltage signal to generate a compensation signal;

and the addition and subtraction circuit is connected with the integration module and subtracts the compensation signal from the feedback signal of the direct-current bus voltage to generate the first signal.

5. The LED drive circuit of claim 4, wherein the integration module comprises:

a first resistor and a first capacitor; and

a first operational amplifier for a first one of the transistors,

wherein the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the intermediate node of the first sampling resistor and the second sampling resistor via a first resistor to receive the first current sampling signal, the non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the reference generation module to receive the voltage signal, the first capacitor is connected between the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the first operational amplifier, and the output terminal of the first operational amplifier provides the compensation signal.

6. The LED drive circuit of claim 5, wherein the closed-loop control module further comprises: a second resistor through which an inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier receives a second reference voltage.

7. The LED drive circuit of claim 4, wherein the add-subtract circuit further adds the compensation signal to a third reference voltage.

8. The LED drive circuit of claim 4, wherein the closed-loop control module further comprises: the direct-current bus voltage feedback circuit comprises a third resistor and a fourth resistor which are connected between a positive output end and a negative output end of a rectifier bridge in series, and the addition and subtraction circuit is connected to a middle node of the third resistor and the fourth resistor to obtain a feedback signal of the direct-current bus voltage.

9. The LED drive circuit of claim 4, wherein the reference generation module comprises:

a fifth resistor and a third capacitor connected in series with each other between the comparator and ground to form a low-pass filter, wherein the voltage signal is provided at an intermediate node of the fifth resistor and the third capacitor; and

and a Zener diode connected between a middle node of the fifth resistor and the third capacitor and the ground for clamping the voltage signal.

10. The LED drive circuit of claim 3, wherein the open-loop control module comprises:

a second operational amplifier having a non-inverting input terminal receiving a fourth reference voltage and an inverting input terminal connected to an intermediate node of the transistor and the second sampling resistor to obtain the second current sampling signal,

wherein the fourth reference voltage is a voltage with respect to an intermediate node potential of the first sampling resistance and the second sampling resistance.

11. The LED drive circuit of claim 10, wherein the reference current is equal to the fourth reference voltage divided by a resistance value of the second sampling resistor.

12. The LED driver circuit of claim 3, wherein the selection module comprises:

a first diode and a second diode, wherein the first diode and the second diode are connected in series,

wherein an anode of the first diode is connected to an output of the closed-loop-control module to obtain the first signal,

an anode of the second diode is connected to an output of the open loop control module to obtain the second signal,

cathodes of the first diode and the second diode are connected to each other to provide a control signal of the transistor.

13. The LED drive circuit of claim 3, further comprising: a sixth resistor connected between the control terminal of the transistor and ground.

14. The LED drive circuit of claim 1, wherein the current control circuit is further selectively operable in a hybrid mode in which the load current is adjusted in an open-loop mode and a closed-loop mode sequentially over the duration of the load current, depending on the conduction angle range.

15. A dimming control method for an LED driving circuit, comprising:

generating a chopped AC input voltage based on the dimming action;

rectifying the chopped AC input voltage into a DC bus voltage with a half power frequency period;

the direct current bus voltage is adopted for power supply, and load current and leakage current are generated; and

adjusting the duration of the load current in the half power frequency cycle according to the DC bus voltage,

wherein a conduction angle range of the dimmer is obtained based on the detected value of the load current, the load current is selectively adjusted in one of an open-loop mode and a closed-loop mode,

in the open loop mode, maintaining the load current as a reference current,

in the closed loop mode, the load current is negatively feedback regulated according to the DC bus voltage.

16. The control method of claim 15, wherein the detected value of the load current is an average value of the load circuit in the half power frequency cycle.

17. The control method of claim 15, wherein in the closed-loop mode, the load current is regulated in a negative feedback manner in response to fluctuations in the dc bus voltage over successive half power frequency cycles.

18. A control method according to claim 15, wherein, depending on the conduction angle range, it is also selectively operable in a hybrid mode in which the load current is regulated in open and closed loop modes successively for the duration of the load current.

19. A control method according to claim 18, wherein the closed loop mode corresponds to a conduction angle range greater than that of the blended mode, and the blended mode corresponds to a conduction angle range greater than that of the open loop mode.

20. The control method of claim 15, wherein in the closed-loop mode, the step of adjusting the load current comprises:

comparing a first current sampling signal of the load current with a first reference voltage to generate a detection signal;

converting the detection signal to a high clamped voltage signal;

comparing and integrating the first current sampling signal with the voltage signal to generate a compensation signal; and

subtracting the compensation signal from a feedback signal of the DC bus voltage to generate the first signal.

21. The control method of claim 20, wherein the step of comparing and integrating the first current sample signal with the voltage signal comprises:

and obtaining the bias voltage by using the second reference voltage.

22. The control method according to claim 20, further comprising: adding the compensation signal to a third reference voltage.

23. The control method of claim 15, wherein in the open-loop mode, the step of adjusting the load current comprises:

a second current sample signal of the load current is compared to a fourth reference voltage to generate a second signal.

24. The control method of claim 15, wherein the load current in the open-loop mode is less than or equal to the load current in the closed-loop mode.

25. The control method of claim 15, wherein the bleed current and the load current are both greater than a minimum holding current for thyristor operation.

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to power electronics, and more particularly, to an LED driving circuit and a dimming control method thereof.

Background

Thyristor dimming technology is a well established dimming application and has been widely used for dimming incandescent and energy saving lamps. With the popularization of LED lighting products, thyristor dimming technology has also been used for LED dimming control. The silicon controlled rectifier dimming system comprises a dimmer and an LED driving circuit connected with the dimmer. The dimmer includes a thyristor, and a conduction angle of the thyristor is changed according to a dimming action of a user, thereby changing an AC voltage waveform. The effective value of the input voltage of the LED is changed according to the dimming action, so that the load current and/or the effective lighting time of the LED lamp are changed, and the brightness of the LED lamp is adjusted.

However, the dimming effect of the triac dimming system is affected by the device performance of the triac. Because of the nature of some types of thyristors, dimmers produce asymmetric ac voltage waveforms during both the positive and negative half cycles of the ac voltage. Due to the asymmetry of the alternating voltage, the LED driving circuit correspondingly generates load current with variable magnitude in the power frequency period. The asymmetry of the alternating voltage is irrelevant to the size of the conduction angle, and the asymmetry of the alternating voltage causes the asymmetry of the load current, so that the problem of 'flashing' occurs.

It is desirable to achieve both brightness stability and regulation response speed over the entire dimming range in a triac dimming system.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide an LED driving circuit and a dimming control method thereof, in which a load current is negatively fed back and adjusted according to a dc bus voltage, thereby maintaining luminance stability of an LED and improving response speed in consecutive half power frequency cycles.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an LED driving circuit connected to a dimmer to obtain a chopped ac input voltage and to an LED to control a load current flowing through the LED, the LED driving circuit comprising:

the rectifier bridge is used for converting the chopped AC input voltage into DC bus voltage with a half power frequency period; and

a current control circuit connected in series with the LED between a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal of the rectifier bridge, adjusting the duration of the load current in the half power frequency cycle according to the DC bus voltage to realize dimming,

wherein the current control circuit obtains a conduction angle range of the dimmer according to the detected value of the load current, selectively operates in one of an open-loop mode and a closed-loop mode,

in the open loop mode, the current control circuit maintains the load current as a reference current,

in the closed-loop mode, the current control circuit negatively feeds back the regulated load current according to the DC bus voltage.

Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:

a bleed circuit connected between the positive and negative output terminals of the rectifier bridge for providing a bleed current for providing a holding current of the dimmer; and

and the cathode of the diode is connected to the positive output end of the rectifier bridge, and the cathode of the diode is connected to the anode of the LED.

Preferably, the current control circuit includes:

a transistor, a first sampling resistor and a second sampling resistor connected in series with the LED;

the closed-loop control module generates a first signal according to the direct-current bus voltage and a first current sampling signal at two ends of the first sampling resistor;

the open-loop control module generates a second signal according to a second current sampling signal at two ends of the second sampling resistor; and

and the selection module is connected with the closed-loop control module and the open-loop control module and selects one of the first signal and the second signal as a control signal of the transistor.

Preferably, the closed-loop control module comprises:

a comparator comparing the first current sampling signal with a first reference voltage to generate a detection signal;

the reference generation module is connected with the comparator and converts the detection signal into a voltage signal;

the integration module is connected with the reference generation module and is used for comparing and integrating the first current sampling signal with the voltage signal to generate a compensation signal;

and the addition and subtraction circuit is connected with the integration module and subtracts the compensation signal from the feedback signal of the direct-current bus voltage to generate the first signal.

Preferably, the integration module comprises:

a first resistor and a first capacitor; and

a first operational amplifier for a first one of the transistors,

wherein the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the intermediate node of the first sampling resistor and the second sampling resistor via a first resistor to receive the first current sampling signal, the non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the reference generation module to receive the voltage signal, the first capacitor is connected between the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the first operational amplifier, and the output terminal of the first operational amplifier provides the compensation signal.

Preferably, the closed-loop control module further comprises: a second resistor through which an inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier receives a second reference voltage.

Preferably, the addition-subtraction circuit further adds the compensation signal to a third reference voltage.

Preferably, the closed-loop control module further comprises: the direct-current bus voltage feedback circuit comprises a third resistor and a fourth resistor which are connected between a positive output end and a negative output end of a rectifier bridge in series, and the addition and subtraction circuit is connected to a middle node of the third resistor and the fourth resistor to obtain a feedback signal of the direct-current bus voltage.

Preferably, the reference generation module includes:

a fifth resistor and a third capacitor connected in series with each other between the comparator and ground to form a low-pass filter, wherein the voltage signal is provided at an intermediate node of the fifth resistor and the third capacitor; and

and a Zener diode connected between a middle node of the fifth resistor and the third capacitor and the ground for clamping the voltage signal.

Preferably, the open-loop control module comprises:

a second operational amplifier having a non-inverting input terminal receiving a fourth reference voltage and an inverting input terminal connected to an intermediate node of the transistor and the second sampling resistor to obtain the second current sampling signal,

wherein the fourth reference voltage is a voltage with respect to an intermediate node potential of the first sampling resistance and the second sampling resistance.

Preferably, the reference current is equal to the fourth reference voltage divided by a resistance value of the second sampling resistor.

Preferably, the selection module comprises:

a first diode and a second diode, wherein the first diode and the second diode are connected in series,

wherein an anode of the first diode is connected to an output of the closed-loop-control module to obtain the first signal,

an anode of the second diode is connected to an output of the open loop control module to obtain the second signal,

cathodes of the first diode and the second diode are connected to each other to provide a control signal of the transistor.

Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: a sixth resistor connected between the control terminal of the transistor and ground.

Preferably, the current control circuit is further selectively operable in a hybrid mode, in which the load current is regulated in an open-loop mode and a closed-loop mode successively over the duration of the load current, in dependence on the conduction angle range.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a dimming control method for an LED driving circuit, including:

generating a chopped AC input voltage based on the dimming action;

rectifying the chopped AC input voltage into a DC bus voltage with a half power frequency period;

the direct current bus voltage is adopted for power supply, and load current and leakage current are generated; and

adjusting the duration of the load current in the half power frequency cycle according to the DC bus voltage,

wherein a conduction angle range of the dimmer is obtained based on the detected value of the load current, the load current is selectively adjusted in one of an open-loop mode and a closed-loop mode,

in the open loop mode, maintaining the load current as a reference current,

in the closed loop mode, the load current is negatively feedback regulated according to the DC bus voltage.

Preferably, the detected value of the load current is an average value of the load circuit in the half power frequency cycle.

Preferably, in the closed loop mode, the load current is regulated in a negative feedback manner in response to fluctuations in the dc bus voltage over successive half power frequency cycles.

Preferably, depending on the conduction angle range, it is also possible to selectively operate in a hybrid mode in which the load current is regulated in an open-loop mode and a closed-loop mode successively over the duration of the load current.

Preferably, the closed-loop mode corresponds to a conduction angle range greater than the mixed mode, and the mixed mode corresponds to a conduction angle range greater than the open-loop mode.

Preferably, in the closed-loop mode, the step of regulating the load current comprises:

comparing a first current sampling signal of the load current with a first reference voltage to generate a detection signal;

converting the detection signal to a high clamped voltage signal;

comparing and integrating the first current sampling signal with the voltage signal to generate a compensation signal; and

subtracting the compensation signal from a feedback signal of the DC bus voltage to generate the first signal.

Preferably, the step of comparing and integrating the first current sample signal with the voltage signal comprises:

and obtaining the bias voltage by using the second reference voltage.

Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: adding the compensation signal to a third reference voltage.

Preferably, in the open loop mode, the step of adjusting the load current comprises:

a second current sample signal of the load current is compared to a fourth reference voltage to generate a second signal.

Preferably, the load current in the open-loop mode is less than or equal to the load current in the closed-loop mode.

Preferably, the leakage current and the load current are both larger than the minimum maintaining current of the silicon controlled rectifier.

According to the LED drive circuit and the dimming control method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the current control circuit selects the working mode of the current control circuit according to the detected value of the load current, the load current is maintained as the reference current in the open-loop mode, and the load current is regulated according to the negative feedback of the direct-current bus voltage in the closed-loop mode.

In a preferred embodiment, the current control circuit includes a transistor, and a closed loop control module and an open loop control module that control a conduction state of the transistor. One of the closed loop control module and the open loop control module of the current control circuit controls the conduction state of the transistor at different conduction angles of the thyristor in the dimmer. For example, in a small conduction angle range, the open-loop control module controls the conduction state of the transistor such that the voltage drop across the sampling resistor is constant, and thus, the load current is maintained at a predetermined value. And in a large conduction angle range, the closed-loop control module controls the conduction state of the transistor and performs negative feedback compensation on the load current according to the voltage waveform of the direct-current bus voltage.

The brightness of the LED lamp as a load is the additive effect of the magnitude of the load current and the duration in a half cycle. As described above, in the related art thyristor dimming control system, the higher the amplitude of the ac input voltage in the consecutive half-cycles of the power frequency cycle, the longer the duration of the load current in the half-cycle of the power frequency cycle, and the higher the amplitude of the load current, resulting in the luminance of the LED lamp as the load varying with the half-cycle, and thus the "flashing" phenomenon occurs. Unlike the prior art, in the thyristor dimming according to the embodiment of the present invention, one of an open-loop mode and a closed-loop mode is selectively operated according to a detected value of a load current, and the detected value of the load current is negatively fed back and adjusted in the closed-loop mode in response to a fluctuation of an ac input voltage, thereby maintaining a stable luminance of an LED lamp in a half cycle of a power frequency cycle. This negative feedback regulation also improves the efficiency of the LED driver circuit.

For the condition of large conduction angle, under the condition that the amplitude of the alternating current input voltage is increased, a closed-loop control module in the current control circuit carries out negative feedback regulation on the load current. The control method not only can respond to the dimming action of a user to change the brightness of the LED lamp so as to realize brightness adjustment, but also can maintain the brightness of the LED lamp to be approximately stable in continuous half cycles for the conduction angle which is set by the brightness adjustment, thereby reducing or even eliminating the phenomenon of 'flashing'.

For the case of a small conduction angle, an open-loop control module in the current control circuit maintains the load current as a reference current, so that the load current in the open-loop mode is smaller than that in the closed-loop mode, and the influence of the fluctuation of the alternating-current input voltage on the brightness of the LED lamp in continuous half cycles is reduced. The control method not only can respond to the dimming action of a user to change the brightness of the LED lamp so as to realize brightness adjustment, but also can maintain the brightness of the LED lamp to be approximately stable in continuous half cycles for the conduction angle which is set by the brightness adjustment, thereby reducing or even eliminating the phenomenon of 'flashing'.

In a preferred embodiment, a closed loop control module in the current control circuit superimposes a compensation signal related to the load current with the third reference voltage to further improve the speed of response to fluctuations in the ac input voltage.

Drawings

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a thyristor dimming control system according to the prior art.

Fig. 2 is a waveform diagram illustrating an operation of a thyristor dimming control system according to the prior art.

Fig. 3 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a thyristor dimming control system according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a current control circuit in the scr dimming control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 shows a circuit schematic of a reference generation block in the current control circuit shown in fig. 4.

Fig. 6 to 8 are waveform diagrams respectively illustrating the operation of the triac dimming control system according to the embodiment of the present invention in different ranges of conduction angles.

Fig. 9 is a waveform diagram illustrating operation of a thyristor dimming control system according to an embodiment of the present invention when transitioning from an open-loop mode to a closed-loop mode.

Detailed Description

Various embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Like elements in the various figures are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals. For purposes of clarity, the various features in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

In this application, the term "conduction angle range" means an electrical angle range in which a thyristor in a dimmer is turned on in a half power frequency cycle of an ac voltage under a user's dimming action, for example, a small conduction angle range of the thyristor is 120 degrees to 180 degrees and a large conduction angle range is 90 degrees to 180 degrees in a positive half cycle. The brightness of the LED lamp in the small conduction angle range is smaller than that in the large conduction angle range.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a thyristor dimming control system according to the prior art. The thyristor dimming control system 100 includes a dimmer 110 and an LED driving circuit. The LED driving circuit includes a rectifier bridge 120, a bleeder circuit 130, and a main circuit.

As shown in fig. 1, the dimmer 110 is connected in series between an ac power supply terminal and an input terminal of the rectifier bridge 120. The dimmer 110 chops an ac input voltage VAC according to a dimming operation of a user, thereby generating a chopped ac voltage having a conduction angle representing a dimming value.

The rectifier bridge 120 rectifies the alternating voltage into a pulsating direct-current bus voltage VBUS, which has, for example, a half power frequency period. The main circuit and the bleeder circuit 130 are connected in parallel between a positive output terminal, e.g. a positive terminal, and a negative output terminal, e.g. a negative terminal, of the rectifier bridge 120.

The bleeding circuit 130 includes a transistor Q2 and a resistor RS3 connected in series between the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal of the rectifier bridge 120, and a bleeding control module 131 that provides a control signal VG1 to the control terminal of the transistor Q2. The transistor Q2 may be a single bipolar transistor, a mosfet, or a combination implemented with multiple bipolar transistors or mosfets.

The main circuit includes a diode D01, a load LED and current control circuit 140, and a capacitor C01 connected in parallel with the load LED, connected in series between the positive and negative output terminals of the rectifier bridge 120. The diode D01 has an anode connected to the positive output terminal of the rectifier bridge 120 and a cathode connected to the anode terminal of the load LED, thereby preventing the load current Io from flowing backward. The current control circuit 140 includes a transistor Q3 and a sampling resistor RS1 connected in series with the load LED, and a constant current control module 141 that provides a control signal VG2 to a control terminal of the transistor Q3. The transistor Q3 may be a single bipolar transistor, a mosfet, or a combination implemented with multiple bipolar transistors or mosfets.

In an operating state of the triac dimming control system 100, the bleeder circuit 130 acts as a load to the rectifier bridge 120 together with the main circuit, so that the normal operation of the thyristor in the dimmer 110 can be maintained during the off period of the thyristor. The input current Iin provided by the rectifier bridge 120 is split into a bleeder current Ib and a load current Io on the bleeder circuit 130 and the main circuit, respectively.

Transistor Q3 in current control circuit 140 operates in the linear region. The load current Io flows through the transistor Q3 and the sampling resistor RS1 in sequence. The voltage drop across the sampling resistor RS1 is a current sampling signal VS that is used to characterize the value of the load current Io. In the current control circuit 140, the constant current control module 141 adjusts the magnitude of the control signal VG2 according to the current sampling signal VS, so as to maintain the load current Io substantially stable, and adjusts the duration of the load current Io in the half power frequency cycle according to the dc bus voltage VBUS, so as to implement dimming.

Fig. 2 is a waveform diagram illustrating an operation of a thyristor dimming control system according to the prior art. Curves VBUS and Io represent the dc bus voltage and the load current, respectively, over time. In a dimmer, an ac input voltage is chopped according to a dimming action of a user. In the LED driving circuit, the rectifier bridge 120 rectifies the chopped ac input voltage into a dc bus voltage VBUS. As shown in fig. 2, if the dc bus voltage VBUS is greater than the load voltage VLED, a load current Io is generated to flow through the LED lamp as the load so that the LED lamp is lit, and if the dc bus voltage VBUS is equal to or less than the load voltage VLED, the load current Io is not generated. Therefore, the LED lamp obtains the lighting time corresponding to the chopped wave waveform of the alternating current input voltage in both the positive half cycle and the negative half cycle of the power frequency cycle, and therefore the brightness corresponding to the dimming action is achieved.

Because of the nature of the thyristor, the dimmer produces an asymmetric ac voltage waveform during both the positive and negative half-cycles of the ac voltage. In prior art LED drive circuits, this asymmetric ac voltage waveform results in a load current that varies in magnitude and duration during the positive and negative half cycles of the power frequency cycle, thereby causing a "flashing" problem.

Fig. 3 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a thyristor dimming control system according to an embodiment of the invention. The thyristor dimming control system 200 includes a dimmer 110 and an LED driving circuit. The dimmer 110 operates in the same manner as the prior art triac dimming control system shown in fig. 1 and will not be described in detail herein. The LED driving circuit includes a rectifier bridge 120, a bleeder circuit 130, and a main circuit. Only the way in which the LED driver circuit operates is described in detail below.

The rectifier bridge 120 rectifies the alternating voltage into a pulsating direct-current bus voltage VBUS, which has, for example, a half power frequency period. The main circuit and the bleed circuit 130 are connected in parallel between the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal of the rectifier bridge 120.

The bleeding circuit 130 includes a transistor Q2 and a resistor RS3 connected in series between the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal of the rectifier bridge 120, and a bleeding control module 131 that provides a control signal VG1 to the control terminal of the transistor Q2. The transistor Q2 may be a single bipolar transistor, a mosfet, or a combination implemented with multiple bipolar transistors or mosfets.

The main circuit includes a diode D01, a load LED and current control circuit 240 connected in series between the positive and negative output terminals of the rectifier bridge 120 in that order, and a capacitor C01 connected in parallel with the load LED. The diode D01 has an anode connected to the positive output terminal of the rectifier bridge 120 and a cathode connected to the load LED, thereby preventing the load current Io from flowing backward.

The current control circuit 240 includes a closed-loop control module 241, an open-loop control module 242, a selection module 243, and a transistor Q3 and sampling resistors RS2, RS1 connected in series in that order between the load LED and ground. The closed-loop control module 241 is connected to both ends of the sampling resistor RS1 to obtain a current sampling signal VS1, to the positive output terminal of the rectifier bridge 120 to obtain the dc bus voltage VBUS, or to the intermediate node of the load LED and the transistor Q3 to obtain a corresponding signal of the dc bus voltage VBUS. The closed loop control module 241 generates a first signal VC 1. The open-loop control module 242 is connected to two ends of the resistor RS2 to obtain the current sampling signal VS2 and generate the second signal VC 2. The selection module 243 selects one of the first signal VC1 and the second signal VC2 as the control signal VG2 of the transistor Q3 to control the on-state of the transistor Q3. The transistor Q3 may be a single bipolar transistor, a mosfet, or a combination implemented with multiple bipolar transistors or mosfets.

In the operating state of the triac dimming control system 200, the bleeder circuit 130 acts as a load to the rectifier bridge 120 together with the main circuit, so that the normal operation of the thyristor in the dimmer 110 can be maintained during the off period of the thyristor. The input current Iin provided by the rectifier bridge 120 is split into a bleeder current Ib and a load current Io on the bleeder circuit 130 and the main circuit, respectively. The bleeder current Ib is maintained at a constant current, for example.

In the main circuit, the load current Io flows through the load LED and the current control circuit 240 in sequence. Further, the transistor Q3 in the current control circuit 240 operates in a linear region, and voltage drops across the sampling resistors RS1 and RS2 are used as current sampling signals VS1 and VS2, respectively, for representing the value of the load current Io. The closed-loop control module 241 generates a first signal VC1 according to the current sampling signal VS1 and the dc bus voltage VBUS, and the open-loop control module 242 generates a second signal VC2 according to the current sampling signal VS 2. The selection module 243 selects one of the first signal VC1 and the second signal VC2 as a control signal of the transistor Q3.

One of the closed loop control module 241 and the open loop control module 242 may control the conductive state of the transistor Q3 at different conduction angles of the thyristor in the dimmer 110. For example, in a small conduction angle range, the open-loop control module 242 controls the conduction state of the transistor Q3 such that the voltage drop across the sampling resistor RS2 is constant, and thus the load current Io is maintained at a predetermined value and does not change with the dimming action of the user. In a large conduction angle range, the closed-loop control module 241 controls the conduction state of the transistor Q3, and performs negative feedback compensation on the load current Io according to the voltage waveform of the dc bus voltage VBUS.

The brightness of the LED lamp as a load is the additive effect of the magnitude of the load current and the duration in a half cycle. As described above, in the related art thyristor dimming control system, in the continuous half period of the power frequency period, the higher the voltage amplitude, the longer the duration of the load current in the half period of the power frequency period, and the higher the amplitude of the load current, and when the ac voltage waveform is asymmetric at the same conduction angle, the luminance of the LED lamp as the load changes with the half period, and thus the "flashing" phenomenon occurs. Unlike the prior art, in the thyristor dimming according to the embodiment of the present invention, in the continuous half-cycle of the power frequency cycle, the higher the voltage amplitude is, the longer the duration of the load current in the half-cycle of the power frequency cycle is, however, the closed-loop control module 241 in the current control circuit 240 performs negative feedback adjustment on the load current Io. The control method not only can respond to the dimming action of a user to change the brightness of the LED lamp so as to realize brightness adjustment, but also can maintain the brightness of the LED lamp to be approximately stable in continuous half cycles for the conduction angle which is set by the brightness adjustment, thereby reducing or even eliminating the phenomenon of 'flashing'.

Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a current control circuit in the scr dimming control system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 3, the current control circuit 240 includes a closed-loop control module 241, an open-loop control module 242, a selection module 243, and a transistor Q3 and sampling resistors RS2, RS1 connected in series between the load LED and the ground in this order. The internal circuit structure of the closed-loop control module 241, the open-loop control module 242, and the selection module 243 are further illustrated in fig. 4.

The closed-loop control module 241 includes a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a capacitor C2, a first reference voltage source providing a reference voltage REF1, a second reference voltage source providing a reference voltage REF2, a third reference voltage source providing a reference voltage REF3, a comparator B1, an operational amplifier a1, an addition and subtraction circuit U1, and a reference generation module U2.

The non-inverting input of the comparator B1 is connected to the middle node of the sampling resistors RS1 and RS2 to receive the current sampling signal VS1, and the inverting input receives the reference voltage REF 1. That is, the positive and negative terminals of the first reference voltage source are connected to the inverting input terminal of the comparator B1 and ground, respectively. The comparator B1 compares the current sampling signal VS1 with a reference voltage REF1 to generate a detection signal. An input terminal of the reference generation module U2 is connected to an output terminal of the comparator B1 to obtain a detection signal and generate a voltage signal corresponding to the detection signal.

The non-inverting input of the operational amplifier a1 is connected to the output of the reference generation block U2 to receive the voltage signal, the inverting input receives the reference voltage REF2 via a resistor R5, and the intermediate node of the sampling resistors RS1 and RS2 via a resistor R6. The capacitor C2 is connected between the output terminal and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier a 1. The operational amplifier a1, the resistor R6 and the capacitor C2 constitute an integration module, and the operational amplifier a1 compares the voltage signal provided by the reference generation module U2 with the reference voltage REF2 and performs an integration operation to obtain the compensation signal COMP.

The add-subtract circuit U1 has a first positive input terminal connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier a1 for receiving the compensation signal COMP, a second positive input terminal receiving the reference voltage REF3, a negative input terminal connected to the middle node of the resistors R3 and R4 for obtaining the feedback signal, and an output terminal providing the second signal VC 2. The resistors R3 and R4 are connected in series at the positive and negative output terminals of the rectifier bridge 120 to obtain the dc bus voltage VBUS.

The open loop control module 242 includes a fourth reference voltage source that provides a reference voltage REF4 and an operational amplifier A2.

One end of the resistor RS2 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier a2, and the other end is connected to the resistor RS 1. The non-inverting input of operational amplifier A2 receives a reference voltage REF 4. The negative terminal of the fourth reference voltage source is connected to the intermediate node of the sampling resistors RS1 and RS2, i.e., the reference voltage REF4 is a predetermined voltage with respect to the potential of the intermediate node of the sampling resistors RS1 and RS 2. The inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier a2 is connected to the intermediate node of the transistor Q3 and the sampling resistor RS 2. The operational amplifier a2 compares the current sample signal VS2 with a reference voltage REF4 to generate a second signal VC 2.

The selection module 243 includes diodes D2 and D3. An anode of the diode D2 is connected to the output of the closed-loop control module 241 to receive the first signal VC1, and an anode of the diode D3 is connected to the output of the open-loop control module 242 to receive the second signal VC 2. The cathodes of the diodes D2 and D3 are connected to each other and to the control terminal of the transistor Q3. The selection module 243 compares the first signal VC1 with the second signal VC2, and selects the higher signal level as the control signal VG2 of the transistor Q3.

In the preferred embodiment, the current control circuit 240 also includes a resistor R6 connected between the transistor Q3 and ground. The resistor R6 is used as a discharge resistor of the control terminal to the ground. After the control terminal of the transistor Q3 gets the high voltage, if the low voltage is regained, the control terminal is discharged via the resistor R6, so that the control state of the low voltage can be restored.

In the current control circuit 240 shown in fig. 4, the selection module 243 selects one of the first signal VC1 and the second signal VC2, and thus the closed-loop control module 241 and the open-loop control module 242 are alternatively used to control the load current, and the current control circuit 240 operates in one of the closed-loop mode, the open-loop mode, and the hybrid mode, accordingly. In the hybrid mode, the current control circuit 240 operates in the open-loop mode and the closed-loop mode sequentially for the duration of the load current.

In the case where the signal level of the first signal VC1 is less than the signal level of the second signal VC2 (e.g., a small conduction angle range of a thyristor), the current control circuit 240 operates in an open loop mode. When the dc bus voltage VBUS is equal to or lower than the load voltage VLED, the transistor Q3 cannot operate. When the dc bus voltage VBUS is greater than the load voltage VLED, the transistor Q3 is active, if Io > (REF4/RS2), the output of the operational amplifier a2 is low, the open-loop control module 242 is inactive, and the closed-loop control module 241 is active; if Io < ═ REF4/RS2, the op-amp A2 adjusts the output voltage quickly so that Io is (REF4/RS 2). This time is very short and can be considered almost instantaneous, the open loop control module 242 is active and the closed loop control module 241 is inactive.

The load current Io is maintained at a predetermined value while the open loop control module 242 is active. At this time, Io is REF4/RS 2. Therefore, REF4/RS2 represents the reference current, which should be greater than the thyristor minimum holding current.

In the case where the signal level of the first signal VC1 is equal to or greater than the signal level of the second signal VC2 (e.g., a large conduction angle range of a thyristor), the current control circuit 240 operates in a closed-loop mode. REF1< REF4 × RS1/RS2, when the load current Io is greater than zero, the detection signal output by the comparator B1 is high, i.e., indicates the duration of the load current Io. The larger the conduction angle, the longer the duration of the load current Io. The reference generation module U2 converts the square wave of the detection signal into a voltage signal. The longer the duration of the load current Io, the higher the level of the voltage signal. When the duration of the load current Io increases to a certain value, the voltage signal does not increase any more even if the duration increases further, i.e., the load current is clamped high.

The operational amplifier A1, the resistor R6 and the capacitor C2 form an integration module to generate a compensation signal COMP. The resistor R5 and the resistor R6 form a superposition circuit. Since the resistors R5 and R6 are much larger than the sampling resistor RS1, even if there is no voltage across the sampling resistor RS1, the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier a1 has a bias voltage. The bias voltage is Vp ═ REF2 × R6/(R5+ R6). There is a bias voltage due to the inverting input of the operational amplifier a 1. When the voltage signal generated by the reference generating circuit U2 is equal to or less than (Vp + D REF4 RS 1R 5/RS2/(R5+ R6)), D is the duty ratio of the main circuit operating time in the half power frequency cycle, the operational amplifier a1 is saturated, and the compensation signal COMP is at a low level. When the voltage signal generated by the reference generation circuit U2 is greater than (Vp + D REF4 RS 1R 5/RS2/(R5+ R6)), the compensation signal COMP generated by the operational amplifier a1 is inverted to a high level, so that the closed-loop control module 241 of the current control circuit 240 controls the on state of the transistor Q3, thereby adjusting the detected value of the load current Io. The add-subtract circuit U1 generates the first signal VC1 according to the dc bus voltage VBUS, the compensation signal COMP, and the reference voltage REF 3. The resistors R3 and R4 divide the dc bus voltage VBUS into the feedback signal Vin, and the first signal VC1 generated by the add-subtract circuit U1 is COMP + REF 3-Vin. Therefore, the higher the amplitude of the ac input voltage, the smaller the control signal VG2 of the transistor Q3, and accordingly, the smaller the instantaneous load current Io.

When the closed-loop control module 241 is activated, in the case of asymmetry of the ac voltage, negative feedback adjustment is performed on the load current Io in response to fluctuations of the ac voltage in the positive half-cycle and the negative half-cycle of the power frequency cycle, so that the brightness of the LED lamp can be maintained substantially stable in successive half-cycles.

It is to be understood that the small and large conduction angle ranges described above are relative terms, which are merely for the convenience of understanding the embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the embodiments of the present invention. For example, in the current control circuit 240, the value of the reference voltage REF1 is set to obtain a small conduction angle range and a large conduction angle range required by a predetermined circuit design.

Fig. 5 shows a circuit schematic of a reference generation block in the current control circuit shown in fig. 4. The reference generation module U2 converts the square wave of the detection signal into a voltage signal.

The reference generation module U2 includes a zener diode Z1, a capacitor C11, and a resistor R11. The resistor R11 and the capacitor C11 are connected in series between the input end of the reference generation module U2 and the ground to form a low-pass filter, and the square wave of the detection signal is filtered into a voltage signal corresponding to the detection value of the detection signal. The intermediate node of the resistor R11 and the capacitor C11 is connected to the output terminal of the reference generation module U2 to provide a voltage signal. A zener diode Z1 is connected between the output of the reference generating module U2 and ground to clamp the voltage signal high.

Thus, the magnitude of the voltage signal generated by the reference generation module U2 is related to the duration of the load current Io. The longer the duration of the load current Io, the higher the level of the voltage signal. When the duration of the load current Io increases to a certain value, the voltage signal does not increase any more due to the high clamp even if the duration increases further.

Fig. 6 to 8 are waveform diagrams respectively illustrating the operation of the triac dimming control system according to the embodiment of the present invention in different ranges of conduction angles. In the figure, curves VG1, VBUS, Io, REF4/RS2 respectively represent the control signal of the transistor Q2 in the bleeder circuit 130, and the changes with time of the dc bus voltage, the load current, and the reference current in the current control circuit.

As shown in fig. 6, during the power frequency half cycle at t0-t3, the conduction angle of the thyristor in the dimmer 110 ranges from 30 degrees to 180 degrees, for example, and the current control circuit 240 in the LED driving circuit operates in the closed loop mode accordingly. In the time period t0-t1 and the time period t2-t3, the dc bus voltage VBUS does not exceed the load voltage VLED, and the transistor Q3 of the current control circuit 240 is turned off. During the time period t1-t2, the dc bus voltage VBUS exceeds the load voltage VLED and the transistor Q3 of the current control circuit 240 is turned on. The closed loop control module 241 of the current control circuit 240 controls the conductive state of the transistor Q3 to control the load current Io. Since the load current Io corresponding to the conduction angle range is long in duration, the voltage signal output by the reference generation module U2 is high-clamped. The operational amplifier A1 generates a compensation signal COMP according to the voltage signal, and the addition and subtraction circuit U1 generates a first signal VC1 as a control signal VG2 of the transistor Q3 according to the DC bus voltage VBUS and the compensation signal COMP, and provides the control signal VG2 to a control terminal of the transistor Q3. In this mode, the higher the dc bus voltage VBUS, the lower the control signal VG2 of the transistor Q3. Therefore, the load current Io takes a U-shaped waveform as shown in the figure. Since the Io operating current is always greater than the set reference current REF4/RS2, only the closed-loop control module 241 controls the on-state of the transistor Q3 in the current control circuit 240, while the open-loop control module 242 is inactive.

The transistor Q2 of the bleeder circuit 130 is turned on for a period of time t0-t1 and a period of time t2-t3, and turned off for a period of time t1-t 2.

As shown in fig. 7, in the power frequency half cycle of t0-t4, the conduction angle of the thyristor in the dimmer 110 ranges from 100 degrees to 180 degrees, for example, and the current control circuit 240 in the LED driving circuit operates in a hybrid mode, i.e., sequentially operates in the open-loop mode and the closed-loop mode. In the time period t0-t1 and the time period t3-t4, the dc bus voltage VBUS does not exceed the load voltage VLED, and the transistor Q3 of the current control circuit 240 is turned off. During the time period t1-t3, the dc bus voltage VBUS exceeds the load voltage VLED and the transistor Q3 of the current control circuit 240 is turned on. In the closed loop control module 241 of the current control circuit 240, the comparator B1 and the reference generation module U2 translate the duration of the load circuit Io into a corresponding voltage signal. During the time period t1-t2, since the addition-subtraction circuit U1 of the closed-loop control module 241 negatively compensates the DC bus voltage, the load current Io is less than the reference current REF4/RS2, so only the open-loop control module 242 controls the conductive state of the transistor Q3 in the current control circuit 240, while the closed-loop control module 241 is inactive. The load current Io is maintained at the reference current REF4/RS2 until the load current Io is not maintained constant and increases. During the time period t2-t3, the load current Io exceeds the reference current REF4/RS2, and therefore, only the closed-loop control module 241 controls the on-state of the transistor Q3 in the current control circuit 240, while the open-loop control module 242 is inactive.

In the case where the open loop control module 242 of the current control circuit 240 is active, the current control circuit 240 maintains a constant load current Io. In the case where the closed loop control module 241 of the current control circuit 240 is active, the current control circuit 240 performs negative feedback adjustment on the load current Io in response to fluctuations in the ac voltage during the positive and negative half cycles of the power frequency cycle, so that the brightness of the LED lamp can be maintained substantially constant during successive half cycles.

The transistor Q2 of the bleeder circuit 130 is turned on for a period of time t0-t1 'and turned off for a period of time t 1' -t 4.

As shown in fig. 8, during the power frequency half cycle at t0-t3, the conduction angle of the thyristor in the dimmer 110 ranges from 135 degrees to 180 degrees, for example, and the current control circuit 240 in the LED driving circuit operates in the open loop mode accordingly. In the time period t0-t1 and the time period t2-t3, the dc bus voltage VBUS does not exceed the load voltage VLED, and the transistor Q3 of the current control circuit 240 is turned off. During the time period t1-t2, the dc bus voltage VBUS exceeds the load voltage VLED and the transistor Q3 of the current control circuit 240 is turned on. In the closed-loop control module 241, during the time period t1-t2, the voltage signal generated by the reference generation module U2 is less than or equal to (Vp + D REF4 RS 1R 5/RS2/(R5+ R6)), the compensation signal COMP generated by the operational amplifier a1 is saturated and low, and at this time, the load current Io is completely controlled by the open-loop control module 242. Thus, only the open-loop control module 242 controls the conductive state of the transistor Q3 in the current control circuit 240, while the closed-loop control module 241 is inactive. The load current Io is maintained at the reference current REF4/RS 2.

In the case where the open loop control module 242 of the current control circuit 240 is active, the current control circuit 240 maintains a constant load current Io. From a waveform perspective, when the dimmer generates an asymmetric ac voltage waveform in both the positive and negative half-cycles of the ac voltage, the peak values of the load current Io generated by the current control circuit 240 are the same in successive half-cycles, but are asymmetric in duration. The current control circuit 240 operates in an open-loop mode, and the open-loop control module 242 maintains the load current at a low value, thereby reducing the brightness fluctuation of the LED and significantly improving the "flashing" phenomenon.

The transistor Q2 of the bleeder circuit 130 is turned on for a period of time t0-t1 'and turned off for a period of time t 1' -t 3.

Fig. 9 is a waveform diagram illustrating operation of a thyristor dimming control system according to an embodiment of the present invention when transitioning from an open-loop mode to a closed-loop mode. In the figure, a curve COMP represents the variation of the compensation signal in the current control circuit over time.

In the closed-loop control module 241 of the current control circuit 240, the add-subtract circuit U1 superimposes the dc bus voltage VBUS, the compensation signal COMP, and the reference voltage REF3 to generate the first signal VC 1.

If the reference voltage REF3 is not superimposed, the time to transition from the open-loop mode to the closed-loop mode is a time period of t5-t 7. If the reference voltage RFF3 is superimposed, the time to transition from the open-loop mode to the closed-loop mode is a time period of t5-t 6. Therefore, superimposing the reference voltage REF3 on the compensation signal COMP can improve the response speed of the transition from the open-loop mode to the closed-loop mode, greatly improving the current jump problem due to the response time.

Embodiments of the invention are described above, and these embodiments do not set forth any exhaustive details or limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention and various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. The scope of the invention should be determined from the following claims.