阅读说明：本技术 一种空间用高功率设备热管理装置 (High-power equipment heat management device for space ) 是由 王瑾 陈益 周文勇 朱尚龙 李德富 戚峰 邓婉 王国辉 潘忠文 林宏 郑莉莉 于 2019-09-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种空间用高功率设备热管理装置,包括热电模块、控制器、温度传感器、相变模块、绝热板以及热沉。所述热电模块利用帕尔贴效应实现冷端制冷,热端制热。所述热电模块一端与高功率设备通过高导热材料实现热传导,所述相变模块通过高导热材料与热电模块另一端连通,所述相变模块包含相变模块上盖板、相变模块腔体、相变模块栅格、相变材料以及隔热材料,所述相变材料存储于相变模块栅格中,所述相变模块底部通过高导热材料与热沉相连,所述热沉为平板结构,所述控制器包含电源模块、温度采集模块、热电驱动模块。该发明具有结构简单,调节灵活,适用范围广等优点,可以广泛应用于空间用高功率载荷的温度控制。(A thermal management device for high-power equipment for space comprises a thermoelectric module, a controller, a temperature sensor, a phase change module, a thermal insulation plate and a heat sink. The thermoelectric module utilizes the Peltier effect to realize cold end refrigeration and hot end heating. Thermoelectric module one end and high power equipment realize heat-conduction through high heat conduction material, the phase change module communicates through high heat conduction material and the thermoelectric module other end, the phase change module contains phase change module upper cover plate, phase change module cavity, phase change module grid, phase change material and thermal insulation material, phase change material is stored in phase change module grid, phase change module bottom links to each other with heat sink through high heat conduction material, heat sink is the flat structure, the controller contains power module, temperature acquisition module, thermoelectric drive module. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, flexible adjustment, wide application range and the like, and can be widely applied to temperature control of high-power load for space.)

1. A thermal management device for high-power equipment for space is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a heat insulation plate (1), a thermoelectric module (2), a phase change module (3), a heat sink (4), a temperature sensor (5) and a controller (6);

the heat insulation plate (1) is provided with thermoelectric module mounting holes (11), the thermoelectric modules (2) are arranged in the thermoelectric module mounting holes (11), and the upper surfaces of the thermoelectric modules (2) are flush with the upper surface of the heat insulation plate (1) and are tightly attached to the lower part of equipment needing heat management; the lower surface of the thermoelectric module (2) is flush with the lower surface of the heat insulation plate (1) and is closely attached to the phase change module (3) to be in heat conduction contact with the phase change module; the heat insulation plate (1) is installed with equipment needing heat management in a heat insulation mode, and the phase change module (3) is installed with the heat insulation plate (1) in a heat insulation mode; the phase change module (3) is used for storing heat and buffering the temperature of the hot end of the thermoelectric module (2); the heat sink (4) for heat dissipation is arranged below the phase change module (3) and is in heat conduction contact with the phase change module (3);

one or more temperature sensors (5) are arranged below the equipment needing heat management, and a controller (6) receives temperature signals of the equipment needing heat management, collected by the temperature sensors (5), provides driving voltage for the thermoelectric module (2), and controls the magnitude and direction of working current of the thermoelectric module (2).

2. The thermal management device for the high-power equipment for the space, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the thermoelectric module mounting holes (11) on the heat insulation plate (1) are distributed in a matrix form, and the distances between the adjacent thermoelectric module mounting holes (11) are the same.

3. The thermal management device for the high-power equipment for the space, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the phase change module (3) comprises an upper cover plate (31), a cavity (32), a grid (33), a phase change material (34) and a heat insulation material (35);

the bottom of the cavity (32) is closed, the upper end of the cavity is open, a grid (33) is arranged in the cavity, the phase-change material (34) is filled in the grid (33), the upper cover plate (31) is installed on the upper portion of the cavity (32) to seal the cavity (32), and the outside of the sealed cavity (32) is coated with a heat-insulating material (35).

4. The thermal management device for the high-power equipment for the space, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the controller (6) comprises a power supply module, a temperature acquisition module and a thermoelectric driving module;

the power module is used for supplying power to the temperature acquisition module and the thermoelectric driving module, the temperature acquisition module is used for receiving the real-time temperature of the equipment needing heat management and acquired by the temperature sensor (5) and providing the real-time temperature for the thermoelectric driving module, and the thermoelectric driving module dynamically adjusts the size and the direction of the working current of the thermoelectric module (2) according to the real-time temperature and the set temperature, so that the temperature adjustment and the switching of the hot end and the cold end of the thermoelectric module (2) are realized.

5. The thermal management device for the high-power equipment for the space, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the heat insulation plate (1) is provided with an installation position for placing a temperature sensor (5).

6. The thermal management device for the high-power equipment for the space, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the equipment needing thermal management is a high-power load for the spacecraft, and has a continuous power-up working mode and an intermittent working mode, when the load is in the continuous power-up working mode, one end of the thermoelectric module (2) close to the load is set to be a cold end through the controller, and the temperature of the load is reduced; when the load is in an intermittent working mode, in the working stage of the load, one end of the thermoelectric module (2) close to the load is set to be a cold end through the controller, so that the temperature of the load is reduced; and in the non-working stage of the load, one end of the thermoelectric module (2) close to the load is set to be a hot end through the controller to heat the load.

7. The thermal management device for the high-power equipment for the space of claim 6, wherein: the heat dissipation path of the load comprises the load, the upper surface of the thermoelectric module (2), the lower bottom surface of the thermoelectric module (2), the phase change module (3), the heat sink (4) and a space; in the phase change module (3), heat is transferred to the cavity (32), the grid (33) and the phase change material (34) from the upper cover plate (31) of the phase change module at the same time.

8. The thermal management device for the high-power equipment for the space of claim 6, wherein: and heat-conducting media are filled between the upper surface of the thermoelectric module (2) and the bottom surface under the load and between the lower surface of the thermoelectric module (2) and the upper cover plate (31) of the phase-change module, and the heat-conducting media comprise heat-conducting grease, graphite sheets or heat-conducting pads.

9. The thermal management device for the high-power equipment for the space, according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the phase-change material (34) is paraffin or liquid metal, and the melting point of the phase-change material (34) is lower than the working temperature of the load.

10. The thermal management device for the high-power equipment for the space, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the heat insulation plate (1) is made of low-heat-conduction materials, and is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic pads or polyimide heat insulation pads, and is used for insulating heat transmission between equipment needing heat management and the phase change material (3) and insulating heat transfer between the thermoelectric module (2) and the surrounding environment.

11. The thermal management device for the high-power equipment for the space, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the heat insulation plate (1) is installed with equipment needing heat management in a heat insulation mode, the phase change module (3) is installed with the heat insulation plate (1) in a heat insulation mode, the specific installation mode is a threaded connection mode, and the installation screws are made of titanium alloy.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a high-power equipment heat management device suitable for a spacecraft, in particular to a high-power equipment heat management device based on the combination of thermoelectric cooling/heating and phase change heat storage.

Background

With the continuous development of the space application technology, the spacecraft is subject to the development trends of miniaturization, rapidness and high integration, such as advanced space application systems of high-power laser communication, micro-satellite relay communication, space debris removal and the like, so that the heat dissipation capacity and the heat flux density of space electronic equipment are rapidly increased, and a new challenge is provided for the thermal control technology. At present, the fluid loop system is widely applied to heat dissipation of high-power equipment, but the fluid loop system has the defects of complex structure, large weight, delayed response, high requirement on sealing performance and the like, is not dominant in weight, and limits the miniaturization application of a spacecraft; rapid cooling and heating cannot be achieved, limiting the development of space application systems with high mobility requirements.

In publication No. CN107634441A, publication No. 2018, 1 month 26, a phase change cold storage thermal management system for a high power fiber laser is introduced, comprising: the phase change material storage tank is filled with liquid refrigerants, and the melting point of the phase change material is lower than the working temperature of the laser; the phase-change material storage tank is communicated with the controllable valve and the refrigerant water pump through pipelines, and liquid refrigerants are conveyed to the laser through the pipelines to finish cooling through the driving of the refrigerant water pump under the control of the controller. The fluid loop system has the defects of complex structure, larger weight, delayed response, high sealing requirement and the like, and has higher requirement on the processing technology. And if heating is needed, an additional set of heating equipment is needed, and the applicability is greatly limited under the condition that the load space in the space is extremely limited.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the heat management device for the high-power equipment for the space overcomes the defects of the prior art, and is simple in structure, quick in response and flexible in adjustment.

The technical solution of the invention is as follows:

a high power device thermal management apparatus for a space, comprising: the device comprises a heat insulation plate, a thermoelectric module, a phase change module, a heat sink, a temperature sensor and a controller;

the heat insulation plate is provided with thermoelectric module mounting holes, the thermoelectric modules are arranged in the thermoelectric module mounting holes, and the upper surfaces of the thermoelectric modules are flush with the upper surface of the heat insulation plate and are tightly attached to the lower part of equipment needing heat management; the lower surface of the thermoelectric module is flush with the lower surface of the heat insulation plate and is closely attached to the phase change module to be in heat conduction contact with the phase change module; the heat insulation plate is installed with equipment needing heat management in a heat insulation mode, and the phase change module is installed with the heat insulation plate in a heat insulation mode; the phase change module is used for storing heat and buffering the temperature of the hot end of the thermoelectric module; the heat sink for heat dissipation is arranged below the phase change module and is in heat conduction contact with the phase change module;

one or more temperature sensors are arranged below the equipment needing heat management, and the controller receives temperature signals of the equipment needing heat management, collected by the temperature sensors, provides driving voltage for the thermoelectric module and controls the size and the direction of working current of the thermoelectric module.

Furthermore, the thermoelectric module mounting holes on the heat insulation plate are distributed in a matrix form, and the distances between the adjacent thermoelectric module mounting holes are the same.

Further, the phase change module comprises an upper cover plate, a cavity, a grid, a phase change material and a heat insulation material;

the bottom of the cavity is closed, the upper end of the cavity is open, a grid is arranged in the cavity, the phase-change material is filled in the grid, the upper cover plate is installed on the upper portion of the cavity to seal the cavity, and the outside of the sealed cavity is coated with a heat-insulating material.

Further, the controller comprises a power supply module, a temperature acquisition module and a thermoelectric driving module;

the power module is used for supplying power to the temperature acquisition module and the thermoelectric driving module, the temperature acquisition module is used for receiving the real-time temperature of the equipment needing heat management and acquired by the temperature sensor and providing the real-time temperature for the thermoelectric driving module, and the thermoelectric driving module dynamically adjusts the working current size and direction of the thermoelectric module according to the real-time temperature and the set temperature, so that the temperature adjustment and switching of the hot end and the cold end of the thermoelectric module are realized.

Furthermore, the heat insulation plate is provided with an installation position for placing a temperature sensor.

Furthermore, the equipment needing thermal management is a high-power load for the spacecraft, and has a continuous power-up working mode and an intermittent working mode, when the load is in the continuous power-up working mode, one end of the thermoelectric module, which is tightly attached to the load, is set as a cold end through the controller, so that the temperature of the load is reduced; when the load is in an intermittent working mode, in a load working stage, one end of the thermoelectric module, which is tightly attached to the load, is set to be a cold end through the controller, so that the temperature of the load is reduced; and in the non-working stage of the load, one end of the thermoelectric module, which is tightly attached to the load, is set to be a hot end through the controller to heat the load.

Furthermore, the heat dissipation path of the load comprises the load, the upper surface of the thermoelectric module, the lower bottom surface of the thermoelectric module, the phase change module, a heat sink and a space; in the phase change module, heat is transferred to the cavity, the grid and the phase change material from the upper cover plate of the phase change module at the same time.

Further, heat-conducting media are filled between the upper surface of the thermoelectric module and the bottom surface under the load and between the lower surface of the thermoelectric module and the upper cover plate of the phase change module, and the heat-conducting media comprise heat-conducting grease, graphite flakes or heat-conducting pads.

Furthermore, the phase-change material is paraffin or liquid metal, and the melting point of the phase-change material is lower than the working temperature of the load.

Furthermore, the heat insulation plate is made of low-heat-conduction materials, and is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic pads or polyimide heat insulation pads, so that heat transmission between the equipment needing heat management and the phase-change materials is isolated, and heat transfer between the thermoelectric module and the surrounding environment is isolated.

Further, the heat insulation plate is installed with the equipment needing heat management in a heat insulation mode, the phase change module is installed with the heat insulation plate in a heat insulation mode, the specific installation mode is a threaded connection mode, and the installation screws are made of titanium alloy.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) compared with the existing liquid cooling loop, the device integrates the thermoelectric module, the phase change module and the heat sink, has no liquid transmission, and has the advantages of simple structure, small occupied space, light weight, flexible use and high reliability.

(2) The invention realizes heat absorption and heat release by using the Peltier effect of the thermoelectric module, can realize two working modes of heating and cooling high-power equipment by adjusting the current direction of the thermoelectric module, solves the defect that a common cooling loop can only be used for cooling and heating and heat preservation in a non-working stage are realized by additionally adding active electric heating, and can be used for high-power loads for spacecrafts with a continuous power-up working mode and an intermittent working mode. When the load is in a continuous power-up working mode, one end of the thermoelectric module, which is tightly attached to the load, is set as a cold end through the controller, so that the temperature of the load is reduced; when the load is in an intermittent working mode, in a load working stage, one end of the thermoelectric module, which is tightly attached to the load, is set to be a cold end through the controller, so that the temperature of the load is reduced; and in the non-working stage of the load, one end of the thermoelectric module, which is tightly attached to the load, is set to be a hot end through the controller to heat the load.

(3) The invention can realize the rapid adjustment and the precise control of the temperature of the equipment by utilizing the controller, and solves the equipment requirement with higher requirement on the temperature. Compared with the existing fluid loop temperature control mode, the controller dynamically adjusts the working current of the thermoelectric module according to the real-time temperature of the equipment needing heat management received by the temperature acquisition module by using a control algorithm, so that the refrigerating capacity or the heating capacity of the thermoelectric module can be quickly adjusted, and the fluid loop temperature control method has the advantages of quick response, high temperature control precision and the like.

(4) The heat insulation plate is adopted in the invention, so that the working performance of the thermoelectric module is better. Because the heat transfer path of the cold and hot ends of the thermoelectric piece is short, the temperature difference occurs at the cold and hot ends when the thermoelectric piece works, heat is transmitted to equipment needing heat management from the upper cover plate of the phase-change material in a radiation mode, meanwhile, the ambient environment exchanges heat with the cold and hot ends, the cold end temperature of the thermoelectric module is influenced, the thermoelectric module needs large energy consumption to maintain the cold end temperature of the thermoelectric module, the working efficiency is low, the heat insulation plate is arranged between the equipment needing heat management and the phase-change module, the thermoelectric module is installed in a thermoelectric module installation hole in the heat insulation plate, the upper surface of the thermoelectric module is tightly attached to the lower side of the equipment needing heat management, the lower surface of the thermoelectric module is tightly attached to the phase-change module, the heat transmission between high-power equipment and the phase-change material can be isolated, the heat.

(5) The phase change module can further improve the working performance of the thermoelectric module. The lower surface of the thermoelectric module is in heat conduction contact with the upper cover plate of the phase change module, heat at the hot end of the thermoelectric module is conducted and transmitted to the upper cover plate of the phase change module, the grids, the cavity and the phase change material, the heat at the hot end of the thermoelectric module is stored, the temperature of the hot end is buffered, the effect of reducing the temperature of the hot end of the thermoelectric module is achieved, the small temperature difference between the cold end and the hot end of the thermoelectric module is achieved, and the problem of.

The provided phase change module adopts a grid structure to enhance the comprehensive heat exchange effect of the phase change module and accelerate the heat transmission of the hot end of the thermoelectric module. The heat exchange between the phase change module and the surrounding environment is considered to be isolated, the heat insulation material is coated outside the closed phase change module cavity, and the temperature of the phase change material is lower than the melting point temperature.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an external structural view of a thermal management apparatus for a high power device for a space;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a thermal management apparatus for a high power device for a space;

FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the insulation panel;

FIG. 4 is a top view of a phase change module cavity;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a high power device temperature sensor.

Detailed Description

The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the thermal management device for high power equipment for space of the present invention includes an insulation plate 1, a thermoelectric module 2, a phase change module 3, a heat sink 4, a temperature sensor 5 and a controller 6.

The heat insulation plate 1 is provided with thermoelectric module mounting holes 11, the thermoelectric modules 2 are arranged in the thermoelectric module mounting holes 11, the upper surfaces of the thermoelectric modules 2 are flush with the upper surface of the heat insulation plate 1 and are tightly attached to the lower part of high-power equipment for space, the lower surfaces of the thermoelectric modules 2 are flush with the lower surface of the heat insulation plate 1 and are tightly attached to the phase change modules 3 to be in heat conduction contact with the phase change modules, and the heat insulation plate 1 can play a role in isolating heat transmission between the high-power equipment and the phase change material and isolating heat transmission between the thermoelectric modules and the surrounding environment, so that the working performance of the thermoelectric modules is improved; the phase change module 3 is used for storing heat, buffering the temperature of the hot end of the thermoelectric module 2, playing a role in reducing the temperature of the hot end of the thermoelectric module, realizing smaller temperature difference of the cold end and the hot end of the thermoelectric module and solving the problem of low refrigeration efficiency of the thermoelectric module; the heat sink 4 for heat dissipation is arranged below the phase change module 3 and is in heat conduction contact with the phase change module 3;

the heat insulation plate 1 is provided with an installation position for placing a temperature sensor 5. One or more temperature sensors 5 are arranged below the high-power equipment for the space, and the controller 6 comprises a power supply module, a temperature acquisition module and a thermoelectric driving module; the power module is used for supplying power for temperature acquisition module and thermoelectric drive module, temperature acquisition module is used for receiving the real-time temperature of the space high power equipment that temperature sensor 5 gathered, and provide thermoelectric drive module, thermoelectric drive module is according to real-time temperature and settlement temperature, dynamic regulation thermoelectric module 2's operating current size and direction, thereby realize the temperature regulation and the switching of 2 hot junctions of thermoelectric module and cold junction, can solve the higher equipment accuse temperature demand of temperature precision requirement.

The thermoelectric module mounting holes 11 on the heat insulation plate 1 are distributed in a matrix form, and the distances between the adjacent thermoelectric module mounting holes 11 are the same.

The phase change module 3 comprises an upper cover plate 31, a cavity 32, a grid 33, a phase change material 34 and a heat insulation material 35;

the cavity 32 is closed at the bottom and open at the upper end, a grid 33 is arranged in the cavity, a phase change material 34 is filled in the grid 33, an upper cover plate 31 is installed at the upper part of the cavity 32 to seal the cavity 32, and a heat insulation material 35 is coated outside the closed cavity 32. The phase change module adopts a grid structure to enhance the comprehensive heat exchange effect of the phase change module and accelerate the heat transmission of the hot end of the thermoelectric module. The heat exchange between the phase change module and the surrounding environment is considered to be isolated, the heat insulation material is coated outside the closed phase change module cavity, and the temperature of the phase change material is lower than the melting point temperature.

The assembly relation of the heat management device of the high-power equipment for the space designed by the invention is as follows: the heat sink 4 is arranged on the lower surface of the phase change module 3; the phase change module grid 33 is arranged in the phase change module cavity 32, the phase change material 34 is filled in the phase change module grid 33, the phase change module upper cover plate 31 is arranged above the phase change module cavity 32, the phase change module heat insulation material 35 is coated on the outer surface of the phase change module 3, and the phase change module 3 and the heat insulation plate 1 are installed in a heat insulation mode. The thermoelectric module 2 is installed in a thermoelectric module installation hole 11 on the heat insulation plate 1, the upper surface of the thermoelectric module 2 is in heat conduction contact with high-power equipment, the lower surface of the thermoelectric module 2 is in heat conduction contact with the upper surface of the phase change module 3, and the high-power equipment is installed in a heat insulation manner with the heat insulation plate 1.

In the invention, the heat transmission channels are as follows: the heat dissipation path is a load, the upper surface of the thermoelectric module 2, the lower surface of the thermoelectric module 2, the phase change module 3, the heat sink 4 and a space; in the phase change module 3, heat is transferred from the upper cover plate 31 to the cavity 32, the grid 33 and the phase change material 34 simultaneously.

The working principle of the heat management device of the high-power equipment for the space designed by the invention is as follows: the thermal management equipment is required to be a high-power load for the spacecraft, the load has a continuous power-up working mode and an intermittent working mode, when the load is in the continuous power-up working mode, one end, close to the load, of the thermoelectric module 2 is set to be a cold end through a controller, and the temperature of the load is reduced; when the load is in an intermittent working mode, in the working stage of the load, one end of the thermoelectric module 2, which is tightly attached to the load, is set as a cold end through the controller, so that the temperature of the load is reduced; and in the non-working stage of the load, one end of the thermoelectric module 2 close to the load is set to be a hot end through the controller to heat the load.

Specifically, when the high-power device is powered on to generate heat, the controller 6 controls the thermoelectric module 2 to start working according to the temperature signal collected by the temperature sensor 5 if the temperature is higher than a set temperature, wherein the contact surface between the thermoelectric module 2 and the lower bottom surface of the high-power device is a cold surface, and the contact surface between the thermoelectric module 2 and the upper surface of the phase change module 3 is a hot surface. The heat is firstly transmitted to the cold end of the thermoelectric module through heat conduction, and then transmitted to the hot end of the thermoelectric module 2 from the cold end of the thermoelectric module under the action of thermoelectric effect; then through conduction transmission to phase change module 3, phase change module grid 33 and phase change material 34, phase change module 3 inside phase change material 34 absorbs the heat and melts, phase change material 34 plays the hot end temperature rise range that delays thermoelectric module, improves thermoelectric module refrigeration efficiency's effect, phase change module grid 33 plays the effect of reinforcing heat transfer, and finally the heat is arranged to the space environment through the heat-conduction between phase change module 3 and the heat sink 4 in to accomplish whole heat and arrange the process of loosing. In addition, the controller 6 can adjust the driving current of the thermoelectric module 2 according to the temperature signal collected by the temperature sensor 5, so that the refrigerating capacity of the thermoelectric module can be adjusted, and the precise temperature control can be realized.