阅读说明：本技术 一种激光熔覆送粉设备及送粉方法 (Laser cladding powder feeding equipment and powder feeding method ) 是由 谢寿春 齐欢 黄河 于 2021-08-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种激光熔覆送粉设备及送粉方法,涉及激光熔覆技术领域,以解决不能实时送粉、粉末混合不均及结构复杂的问题。激光熔覆送粉设备包括供粉单元、静态混粉单元、分粉单元和喷嘴,供粉单元用于供应至少两种粉末。静态混粉单元与供粉单元连通,用于接收并混合至少两种粉末。分粉单元与静态混粉单元连通,用于均匀分配混合后粉末。喷嘴与分粉单元连通,用于喷射并在工件表面集聚混合后粉末。激光熔覆送粉方法,包括以下步骤：利用供粉单元可控的向静态混粉单元供应至少两种粉末；利用静态混粉单元混合至少两种粉末；利用泄压单元泄放混合后粉末的压力；利用分粉单元将混合后粉末均匀分配；利用喷嘴将混合后粉末喷射并集聚在工件表面。(The invention discloses a laser cladding powder feeding device and a laser cladding powder feeding method, relates to the technical field of laser cladding, and aims to solve the problems that powder feeding cannot be carried out in real time, powder cannot be mixed uniformly, and the structure is complex. The laser cladding powder feeding device comprises a powder supply unit, a static powder mixing unit, a powder distribution unit and a nozzle, wherein the powder supply unit is used for supplying at least two kinds of powder. The static powder mixing unit is communicated with the powder supply unit and is used for receiving and mixing at least two kinds of powder. The powder distributing unit is communicated with the static powder mixing unit and is used for uniformly distributing and mixing the powder. The nozzle is communicated with the powder distributing unit and is used for spraying and gathering the mixed powder on the surface of the workpiece. The laser cladding powder feeding method comprises the following steps: the powder supply unit is used for controllably supplying at least two kinds of powder to the static powder mixing unit; mixing at least two powders using a static powder mixing unit; the pressure relief unit is used for relieving the pressure of the mixed powder; uniformly distributing the mixed powder by using a powder distributing unit; and spraying and gathering the mixed powder on the surface of the workpiece by using a nozzle.)

1. A laser cladding powder feeding apparatus, characterized by comprising:

the powder supply unit is used for supplying at least two kinds of powder, and the flow rate of each powder is adjustable;

the static powder mixing unit is communicated with the powder supply unit and is used for receiving and mixing at least two kinds of powder;

the powder dividing unit is communicated with the static powder mixing unit and is used for uniformly dividing the mixed powder;

and the nozzle is communicated with the powder distributing unit and is used for spraying and gathering the mixed powder on the surface of the workpiece.

2. The laser cladding powder feeding apparatus of claim 1, wherein the static powder mixing unit comprises:

the primary powder mixing part is communicated with the powder supply unit and is used for receiving and premixing at least two kinds of powder;

and the second-stage powder mixing part is communicated with the first-stage powder mixing part and is used for receiving and mixing the premixed powder.

3. The laser cladding powder feeding apparatus of claim 2, wherein the secondary powder mixing section comprises:

the powder conveying device comprises a through first cavity and a plurality of groups of first spiral blades which are connected in sequence, wherein the plurality of groups of first spiral blades are arranged in the first cavity along the powder conveying direction;

each group of first spiral blades comprises a first spiral blade and a second spiral blade, and the first spiral blade and the second spiral blade are at least one of left-handed blades or right-handed blades;

the first helical blade and the second helical blade have an angle alpha in the circumferential direction, 0 deg. < alpha <180 deg..

4. The laser cladding powder feeding apparatus of claim 2, wherein the primary powder mixing section comprises:

the second through cavity is communicated with the powder supply unit and the first cavity respectively;

a first impeller rotatably received within the second chamber.

5. The laser cladding powder feeding apparatus of claim 1, wherein the powder supply unit comprises:

the gas storage tank is used for storing compressed gas;

and the powder feeders are mutually independent and are communicated with the gas storage tank and the static powder mixing unit.

6. The laser cladding powder feeding apparatus of claim 5, wherein each of the powder feeders comprises:

a powder storage cylinder for storing the powder;

the powder supply chamber is simultaneously communicated with the powder storage cylinder, the gas storage tank and the static powder mixing unit; the gas storage tank can controllably supply compressed gas to the powder supply chamber, and the powder storage cylinder can controllably supply powder to the powder supply chamber.

7. The laser cladding powder feeding apparatus of claim 1, wherein the powder dividing unit comprises:

the cylinder body is provided with a first end and a second end which are opposite, and the cylinder body penetrates from the first end to the second end;

the powder passing part is provided with a first sealing part and a powder passing part, and a powder passing cavity is formed by penetrating the first sealing part and the powder passing part; the first sealing part is covered at the first end, and the powder passing part is accommodated in the part, close to the first end, of the cylinder body;

the powder dividing part is provided with a second sealing part and a powder dividing part, a plurality of powder dividing grooves are formed in the outer wall of the powder dividing part along the length direction of the powder dividing part, a plurality of through holes penetrate through the second sealing part, and each powder dividing groove is correspondingly communicated with each through hole; the second sealing cover covers the second end, and the powder distributing piece is accommodated in the part, close to the second end, of the cylinder body; one end of the powder distributing piece, which is far away from the second sealing part, is abutted against the powder passing part, and a plurality of notches of the powder distributing groove are communicated with the powder passing cavity.

8. The laser cladding powder feeding apparatus of claim 1, wherein the powder dividing unit comprises:

a powder distributing pipe which is communicated with the powder distributing pipe,

the powder distributing pipe is provided with a plurality of groups of second spiral blades which are connected in sequence, and the plurality of groups of second spiral blades are arranged in the powder distributing pipe along the conveying direction of powder in the powder distributing pipe; each group of second spiral blades comprises a third spiral blade and a fourth spiral blade, and the third spiral blade and the fourth spiral blade are at least one of left-handed blades or right-handed blades; the third helical blade and the fourth helical blade have an included angle beta in the circumferential direction, wherein beta is more than 0 degrees and less than 180 degrees;

one end of the hollow base is communicated with the powder distributing pipe, and the other end of the hollow base is provided with a plurality of powder outlets; a rotatable second impeller is arranged in the cavity of the hollow base and close to one end of the powder distributing pipe; and a powder distributing core is arranged in the cavity of the hollow base and close to the powder outlet.

9. The laser cladding powder feeding device of claim 1, further comprising a pressure relief unit communicated with the static powder mixing unit and the powder dividing unit, wherein the pressure relief unit is used for relieving the pressure of the mixed powder; the pressure relief unit is a pressure relief valve.

10. The laser cladding powder feeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the powder supply unit is used for controllably supplying at least two kinds of powder to the static powder mixing unit;

mixing at least two of the powders using a static powder mixing unit;

the pressure relief unit is used for relieving the pressure of the mixed powder;

uniformly distributing the mixed powder by using a powder distributing unit;

and spraying and gathering the mixed powder on the surface of the workpiece by using a nozzle.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding, in particular to laser cladding powder feeding equipment and a laser cladding powder feeding method.

Background

The laser cladding technology is a new workpiece surface modification technology which is started in the 70 th 20 th century along with the development of high-power lasers, and a cladding material (generally powder) is added on the surface of a workpiece through a laser cladding nozzle, and a metallurgically bonded feeding cladding layer is formed on the surface of the workpiece by fusing the laser cladding material and a thin layer on the surface of the workpiece together by using a high-energy-density laser beam. The cladding layer can obviously improve the characteristics of wear resistance, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, oxidation resistance and the like of the surface of a workpiece.

Along with the expansion of application fields of functional composite materials, functional gradient materials and the like, the industrial boundary has more and more requirements on laser cladding processing under the condition of mixing multiple kinds of powder. Due to the differences in particle size, density, shape, etc. between different types of powders, how to achieve real-time delivery and uniform mixing of multiple powders presents significant challenges.

In the prior art, two methods are mainly used for mixed powder feeding of multiple kinds of powder. Firstly, mixing and feeding powder by off-line stirring, the method mainly utilizes a manual stirring or machine stirring mode to mix and stir different kinds of powder according to a preset proportion, and then the powder is conveyed to a nozzle. Although the off-line stirring, mixing and powder feeding method can obtain uniformly mixed powder, the supply amount of the powder cannot be adjusted in real time, and the mixed powder cannot be fed in real time according to actual requirements. Secondly, in the method, a stirring mechanism is mainly used for stirring the mixed powder on line, and the mixing device generally needs a power source (such as a motor), and the motor drives a stirring blade to mix and stir the powder, so that the uniformity of powder mixing is improved. Different powder feeders are often equipped in the device, and although the real-time adjustment of the powder supply amount can be realized, the device has a complex structure and a large volume, needs an additional power source, and cannot realize the online shunting of powder.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a laser cladding powder feeding device and a powder feeding method, which are used for conveying and adjusting the conveying amount of at least two kinds of powder in real time.

In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a laser cladding powder feeding apparatus, comprising: the powder supply unit is used for supplying at least two kinds of powder, and the flow of each powder is adjustable. And the static powder mixing unit is communicated with the powder supply unit and is used for receiving and mixing at least two kinds of powder. And the powder dividing unit is communicated with the static powder mixing unit and is used for equally dividing the mixed powder. And the nozzle is communicated with the powder distributing unit and is used for spraying and gathering the mixed powder on the surface of the workpiece.

When adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, supply the powder unit when supplying two kinds of powders at least, can carry out the independent control to the flow of each kind of powder, realize the real-time regulation of each kind of powder delivery capacity for the powder is carried according to actual demand, avoids the waste of powder. Meanwhile, various powders are conveyed according to a preset flow, so that the functional characteristic reduction of the laser cladding layer caused by the change of the mixture ratio of the various powders is avoided. The powder supply unit conveys various powders to the static powder mixing unit, and the various powders are mixed in the static powder mixing unit. The static powder mixing unit can realize the full mixing of various powders without an external power source, thereby saving energy and equipment investment cost. When the static powder mixing unit is used for mixing powder, the relative position among the components is not changed, the whole structure is simple, the occupied space is small, the stability of the whole structure of the equipment is enhanced, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged.

In a second aspect, the invention also provides a laser cladding powder feeding method. The laser cladding powder feeding method comprises the following steps:

the powder supply unit is used for controllably supplying at least two kinds of powder to the static powder mixing unit. At least two powders are mixed using a static powder mixing unit. And the pressure relief unit is used for relieving the pressure of the mixed powder. And uniformly distributing the mixed powder by using a powder distribution unit. And spraying and gathering the mixed powder on the surface of the workpiece by using a nozzle.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the laser cladding powder feeding method provided by the second aspect are the same as those of the laser cladding powder feeding device described in the first aspect, and are not described herein again.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a laser cladding powder feeding device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first helical blade assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first impeller provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a powder dividing unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another powder separation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

1-powder supply unit, 11-gas storage tank, 12-powder supply device,

121-a powder storage cylinder, 122-a powder supply chamber, 2-a static powder mixing unit,

21-first-stage powder mixing part, 212-first impeller, 2121-arc blade,

2122-rotating shaft, 22-secondary powder mixing part, 221-first chamber,

222-first helical blade component, 2221-first helical blade, 2222-second helical blade,

3-powder separating unit, 31-cylinder, 32-powder passing piece,

321-a first sealing part, 322-a powder passing part, 323-a powder passing cavity,

33-powder separating part, 331-second sealing part, 332-powder separating part,

333-powder dividing groove, 334-through hole, 34-powder dividing pipe,

35-second spiral blade, 351-third spiral blade, 352-fourth spiral blade,

36-hollow base, 361-second impeller, 362-powder dividing core,

37-a powder outlet, 4-a nozzle and 5-a pressure relief unit.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise. The meaning of "a number" is one or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Fig. 1 illustrates an overall structural schematic diagram of a laser cladding powder feeding apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the laser cladding powder feeding apparatus includes a powder supply unit 1, a static powder mixing unit 2, a powder distribution unit 3, and a nozzle 4, where the powder supply unit 1 is configured to supply at least two kinds of powders, and a flow rate of each powder is adjustable. When the powder supply unit 1 supplies at least two kinds of powder, the flow rate of each kind of powder can be independently adjusted, and independent control and real-time adjustment of the conveying amount of each kind of powder are realized. The multiple powder is carried according to predetermineeing the flow, avoids multiple powder because of the ratio change, leads to the functional characteristic of laser cladding layer to reduce. It can be understood that, start to supply powder unit 1 and carry out the supply of powder when carrying out laser cladding work, when laser cladding work pause does not need the powder supply, supply powder unit 1 and pause and provide the powder for the powder is carried according to actual demand, avoids the waste of powder, has avoidd the empty aircraft running of equipment, practices thrift the electric energy simultaneously, extension equipment life. Static powder unit 2 and the intercommunication of supplying powder unit 1 for receive and mix two at least kinds of powders, supply powder unit 1 to carry multiple powder to static powder unit 2 that mixes, multiple powder mixes in static powder unit 2 and mixes. The static powder mixing unit 2 works in the same way as a static mixer in the prior art for mixing a plurality of powders. The static mixer is a high-efficiency mixing device without moving parts, and the basic working mechanism of the static mixer is to change the flowing state of fluid in a pipe by using a mixing unit (generally a spiral blade) fixed in the pipe so as to achieve the aims of good dispersion and full mixing of different fluids. The static powder mixing unit 2 can realize the sufficient mixing of various powders without an external power source, thereby reducing the energy consumption of equipment and saving the input cost of the equipment. Static powder unit 2 mixes powder during operation, and no relative position's change between each component, the wholeness increase of equipment structure, overall structure is simple, and shared space is less based on this for the stability reinforcing of equipment does benefit to the life of extension equipment. The powder dividing unit 3 is communicated with the static powder mixing unit 2 and used for equally dividing the mixed powder, and the nozzle 4 is communicated with the powder dividing unit 3 and used for receiving the equally divided mixed powder for spraying and gathering the mixed powder on the surface of the workpiece. The powder distributing unit 3 is used for evenly distributing the mixed powder, evenly distributes the mixed powder into multiple paths and conveys the mixed powder to the nozzle 4, and the consistency of the powder output amount of multiple paths of outlets of the nozzle 4 is realized, so that the powder is uniformly gathered on the surface of a workpiece, the characteristic of a laser cladding layer is improved, and the quality of the laser cladding layer is ensured.

As a possible implementation manner, as shown in fig. 1, the static powder mixing unit 2 includes a primary powder mixing part 21 and a secondary powder mixing part 22, the primary powder mixing part 21 is communicated with the powder supply unit 1 and is used for receiving and premixing at least two kinds of powders, and the secondary powder mixing part 22 is communicated with the primary powder mixing part 21 and is used for receiving and mixing the premixed powders.

In practical application, the powder supply unit 1 supplies at least two kinds of powders, the at least two kinds of powders are firstly conveyed to the first-stage powder mixing part 21, the first-stage powder mixing part 21 is used for premixing the at least two kinds of powders, then the at least two kinds of powders are conveyed to the second-stage powder mixing part 22, the premixed powders can be mixed better, and the uniformity of mixing of the powders is improved. The premixed powders are conveyed to the secondary powder mixing part 22 to be fully mixed, so that the powders are fully and uniformly mixed, and the quality of laser cladding is ensured.

In an alternative mode, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the secondary powder mixing part 22 includes a first chamber 221 passing through and a plurality of sets of first screw-type blade assemblies 222 connected in sequence, and the plurality of sets of first screw-type blade assemblies 222 are disposed in the first chamber 221 in the powder conveying direction. Each set of the first helical blade assembly 222 includes a first helical blade 2221 and a second helical blade 2222, and the first helical blade 2221 and the second helical blade 2222 are each at least one of left-handed blades or right-handed blades. The first and second helical blades 2221, 2222 have an included angle α in the circumferential direction, 0 ° < α <180 °.

As shown in fig. 2, the first helical blade 2221 and the second helical blade 2222 are both left-handed blades or both right-handed blades, and one of them may be left-handed blades and the other may be right-handed blades. The first helical blade 2221 and the second helical blade 2222 are formed by twisting both ends of the plate-shaped material with respect to each other by an angle γ ranging from 170 ° to 190 °, preferably 180 °, which is not particularly limited herein, in order to better disperse the powder and change the flow state of the powder. The first helical blades 2221 and the second helical blades 2222 are alternately arranged at intervals in sequence, and the first helical blades 2221 and the second helical blades 2222 have an included angle α in the circumferential direction, where 0 ° < α <180 °, α is preferably 90 ° in the embodiment provided by the present invention, so as to better disperse powder and change the powder flow state. When the powder after premixing in first-stage powder mixing portion 21 is conveyed to first chamber 221, through first helical blade 2221 and second helical blade 2222 that set up at interval in proper order, the powder mixture is once all cut apart through the tip of a helical blade under the drive of air current, the arc surface of helical blade makes the direction of motion of powder constantly changed simultaneously, based on this, the powder is dispersed repeatedly under the effect of first helical blade 2221 and second helical blade 2222, change flow direction, and mix many times, make the powder convey with rotatory flow mode, finally reach the purpose of powder homogeneous mixing. Moreover, the powder is carried with the rotatory mode that flows, has eliminated the powder and has deflected to the phenomenon of a direction or an angle because of receiving the influence of gravity action or air current angle, avoids the powder to pile up in first cavity 221, when extravagant powder, causes the powder to block up, influences laser cladding's efficiency and quality. Based on this, the mixed powder moves in a swirling state, and the phenomenon that the powder is deflected to one direction or one angle due to the influence of gravity or the angle of air flow is eliminated, so that the placement angle of the static powder mixing unit 2 is not limited to the vertical state, and particularly under the condition that the operation space and the angle are limited, the application range of the static powder mixing unit 2 is increased. During specific implementation, the quantity that first spiral blade 2221 and second spiral blade 2222 set up with whether adopt interval setting mode in proper order to decide according to actual conditions, and the angle that sets up between per two adjacent spiral blades also can be different, is not restricted to a certain angle for the powder forms irregular flow path, and powder motion mixed mode can be rotatory mixing, and the upset mixes, and the refluence mixes, modes such as cross-mixing.

In some examples, the inner wall of the first chamber 221 is made of stainless steel with polished inner wall, and may be metal or non-metal, and the metal material is preferred in the embodiment of the present invention. The polishing of the inner wall of the first chamber 221 is beneficial to reducing the friction force between the powder and the inner wall, reducing the flow resistance of the powder, enhancing the flowability of the powder, preventing the powder from being gathered on the inner wall of the first chamber 221, and improving the mixing uniformity of various powders while increasing the utilization rate of the powder. The size of the first chamber 221, the number of the first helical blades 2221 and the second helical blades 2222 are set according to practical circumstances, and are not particularly limited herein.

As a possible implementation, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the primary powder mixing section 21 includes: a second chamber which is communicated with the powder supply unit 1 and the first chamber 221 respectively; a first impeller 212 rotatably received in the second chamber. The first impeller 212 includes a rotational shaft 2122 and a plurality of arc-shaped blades 2121 circumferentially arranged around the rotational shaft 2122. Arc blade 2121 is under quiescent condition, and arc blade 2121 is close to the surface that supplies powder unit 1 one end and powder direction of delivery to have certain contained angle, and the impact force of the powder air current that supplies powder unit 1 conveying is used in arc blade 2121's surface, and arc blade 2121 can rotate under the drive of powder impact force, and when a plurality of arc blade 2121 were rotatory, the direction of motion that makes the powder changes, with the powder dispersion, changes the flow state of powder. When the plural kinds of powders are output from the outlet end of the primary powder mixing portion 21, preliminary mixing has been achieved, which is advantageous for increasing the uniformity of mixing of the plural kinds of powders in the secondary powder mixing portion 22. The material and number of the arc-shaped blades 2121 are set according to actual conditions, and are not specifically limited herein.

As an alternative, as shown in fig. 1, the powder supply unit 1 includes a gas storage tank 11 for storing compressed gas with a pressure range of 0.1-5MPa and a gas flow range of 0.1-50L/min, and a plurality of powder supplies 12, wherein the pressure and flow of the compressed gas are set according to the actual demand of the powder. The powder feeders 12 are mutually independent and communicated with the gas storage tank 11 and the static powder mixing unit 2, and the gas pressure and the flow rate of each powder feeder 12 can be independently adjusted according to the powder proportion and the conveying capacity of actual requirements. The powder input end of the first-level powder mixing part 21 is provided with a plurality of inlet channels 23, and the powder supply unit 1 is communicated with the first-level powder mixing part 21 through the clamping sleeve connector, the air pipe and the inlet channels 23.

Every supplies powder ware 12 to communicate through solitary trachea and gas holder 11, and each kind of powder corresponds a conveying line and access way 23, is convenient for adjust alone the conveying capacity and the transport rate of each kind of powder, and the powder is carried to static powder unit 2 that mixes in under compressed gas's drive, carries out the intensive mixing.

In some alternatives, as shown in fig. 1, each powder feeder 12 includes: a powder storage cylinder 121 for storing powder and a powder supply chamber 122, wherein the powder supply chamber 122 is simultaneously communicated with the powder storage cylinder 121, the gas storage tank 11 and the static powder mixing unit 2. The gas container 11 supplies compressed gas to the powder supply chamber 122 in a controllable manner, and the powder storage cylinder 121 supplies powder to the powder supply chamber 122 in a controllable manner. Multiple powder is placed in independent powder storage cylinder 121 respectively, according to the laser cladding demand of reality, can adjust simultaneously and carry to supplying the compressed gas pressure and the flow size in powder cavity 122 or store up the powder carousel rotational speed size that powder storage cylinder 121 has, finally adjust the powder supply volume and the supply rate that supply powder ware 12 to satisfy the in-service use demand, avoid the powder extravagant, make multiple powder mix according to predetermineeing the proportion, guarantee the quality of laser cladding.

In one example, as shown in fig. 4, the powder separation unit 3 includes: a cylinder 31, a powder passing part 32 and a powder separating part 33. The cylinder 31 has a first end and a second end opposite to each other, and the cylinder 31 penetrates from the first end to the second end. The powder passing member 32 has a first sealing portion 321 and a powder passing portion 322, and a powder passing chamber 323 is formed through the first sealing portion 321 and the powder passing portion 322. The first sealing portion 321 covers the first end, and the powder passing portion 322 is accommodated in a portion of the cylinder 31 near the first end. The powder distributing part 33 is provided with a second sealing part 331 and a powder distributing part 332, a plurality of powder distributing grooves 333 are formed in the outer wall of the powder distributing part 332 along the length direction of the powder distributing part 332, a plurality of through holes 334 are formed through the second sealing part 331, and each powder distributing groove 333 is correspondingly communicated with each through hole 334. The second sealing portion 331 covers the second end, and the powder distributing member 33 is accommodated in a portion of the cylinder 31 near the second end. One end of the powder distributing member 33 away from the second sealing portion 331 abuts against the powder passing portion 322, and notches of the powder distributing grooves 333 are communicated with the powder passing cavity 323.

Referring to fig. 4, the shapes, structures, materials, etc. of the cylinder 31, the powder passing member 32, the powder passing portion 322, the powder separating member 33, and the powder separating portion 332 may be set according to actual conditions, and are not particularly limited herein. The size and shape of the powder passing chamber 323 and the powder dividing groove 333 may be set according to actual conditions. The number of the powder distributing grooves 333 formed in the powder distributing part 332 may be set according to actual conditions, for example, two, three, or four. In the embodiment of the present invention, the cylinder 31 is a cylindrical cylinder. The powder dividing part 332 is provided with four powder dividing grooves 333.

Referring to fig. 4, the first sealing portion 321 of the powder passing member 32 has a shape matching the shape of the first end of the cylinder 31, so that the first sealing portion 321 can cover the first end. It should be understood that the above-mentioned covering mode is various, and for example, the covering mode can be clamping connection, screw connection or bolt connection. Similarly, the shape of the second sealing portion 331 of the powder dividing member 33 matches the shape of the second end of the cylinder 31, so that the second sealing portion 331 can cover the second end. As to the manner of the covering, reference is made to the foregoing description.

Referring to fig. 4, in the powder separating unit according to the embodiment of the present invention, since the powder separating groove 333 is formed on the outer wall of the powder separating portion 332, not only the side wall of the powder separating groove 333 for conveying the powder can be clearly and intuitively observed, but also the side wall can be directly processed. In the actual use process, when the powder blocking problem occurs in the powder dividing groove 333, only the powder dividing piece 33 in the powder dividing unit needs to be taken out of the cylinder 31, and then the blocked powder dividing groove 333 is directly cleaned. It should be understood that, since the side wall of the powder dividing groove 333 is completely exposed to the air, it is convenient for the worker to directly and rapidly clean the blocked powder dividing groove 333 without the aid of other cleaning devices. Meanwhile, the clear and visual determination of the dredging condition of the powder distributing groove 333 by workers is facilitated, and the operation is convenient and fast. In addition, the powder distribution groove 333 can be monitored by workers for wear and repair. Based on this, can avoid wholly changing branch powder piece 33, and then can reduce the use cost of dividing the powder unit and the laser cladding cost of work piece. Furthermore, the powder dividing unit provided by the embodiment of the invention only comprises the cylinder 31, the powder passing piece 32 and the powder dividing piece 33, so that the powder dividing unit is simple in structure, convenient for workers to assemble and use quickly, and capable of saving the working time.

As shown in fig. 4, the portion of the powder passing cavity 323 communicating with the powder dividing groove 333 is a horn cavity section, and a gap is formed between the inner wall of the horn cavity section and the inner wall of the powder dividing groove 333. The width of the gap is larger than the maximum diameter of the single powder, so that the powder transferred through the powder chamber 323 is transferred to the powder distribution groove 333 to achieve uniform distribution of the powder.

In another example, as shown in fig. 5, the powder classifying unit 3 includes: the powder distributing pipe 34 is communicated with a plurality of groups of second spiral blade assemblies 35 which are connected in sequence, and the plurality of groups of second spiral blade assemblies 35 are all arranged in the powder distributing pipe 34 along the conveying direction of the powder in the powder distributing pipe 34; each group of second helical blade assemblies 35 comprises a third helical blade 351 and a fourth helical blade 352, and the third helical blade 351 and the fourth helical blade 352 are both at least one of left-handed blades or right-handed blades; the third 351 and fourth 352 helical blades have an included angle beta in the circumferential direction, 0 deg. < beta <180 deg.. A hollow base 36, one end of the hollow base 36 is communicated with the powder distributing pipe 34, and the other end is provided with a plurality of powder outlets 37; a second rotatable impeller 361 is arranged in the cavity of the hollow base 36 and close to one end of the powder dividing pipe 34; a powder dividing core 362 is arranged in the cavity of the hollow base 36 and close to the powder outlet 37.

Referring to fig. 1 and 5, the size and material of the third helical blade 351, the fourth helical blade 352, the second impeller 361 and the powder dividing core 362 may be set according to actual conditions, and are not particularly limited herein. The material and shape of the powder distribution pipe 34 are also set according to actual conditions. The number of the powder outlets 37 can be set according to actual conditions, such as two, three or four. In the embodiment of the present invention, the powder dividing tube 34 is preferably a cylindrical tube, the material is metal or nonmetal, preferably metal, and the inner wall of the powder dividing tube 34 is polished, so as to reduce the friction between the powder and the inner wall of the powder dividing tube 34, enhance the fluidity of the powder, prevent the powder from gathering on the inner wall of the powder dividing tube 34, and increase the utilization rate of the powder. The other end of the hollow base 36 is provided with four powder outlets 37.

As shown in fig. 5, the third helical blade 351 and the fourth helical blade 352 are formed by oppositely twisting two ends of a plate-shaped material by a certain angle δ, the range of the twisting angle δ is 170 ° to 190 °, so as to better disperse powder and change the flowing direction of powder airflow, the third helical blade 351 and the fourth helical blade 352 are both left-handed blades or right-handed blades, and one of the third helical blade 351 and the fourth helical blade 352 can be set as a left-handed blade, and the other one is set as a right-handed blade. Third helical blade 351 and fourth helical blade 352 have an included angle β in the circumferential direction, 0 ° < β <180 °, also based on better dispersion of powder and change of the powder flow direction. In the present embodiment, the twist angle δ is preferably set to 180 °, and the included angle β between the third helical blade 351 and the fourth helical blade 352 is preferably 90 °.

Referring to fig. 5, a plurality of third helical blades 351 and fourth helical blades 352 are sequentially arranged at intervals along the conveying direction of the powder in the powder distribution pipe 34, and included angles are formed between the third helical blades 351 and the fourth helical blades 352. When the powder passes through the third spiral blade 351 and the fourth spiral blade 352 under the driving of the airflow, the powder is divided by the end part of the spiral blade, and meanwhile, the flowing direction of the powder is changed along with the rotating angle of the spiral blade, so that the powder advances in a rotational flow state when being transmitted inside the powder distribution pipe 34, and the phenomenon that the powder deviates to one direction or one angle due to the influence of gravity or the angle of the airflow is eliminated. The powder is dispersed, rotated, mixed repeatedly when conveying in dividing powder pipe 34, can not freeze at a fixed angle and position during powder conveying for divide the angle of setting of powder pipe 34 unrestricted, especially under the limited condition in space and position, be convenient for the placing of equipment, enlarged the application scope of dividing the powder unit, improved the suitability of equipment. Moreover, after various powders are mixed through the static mixing unit, the third spiral blades 351 and the fourth spiral blades 352 are arranged in the powder distributing pipe 34, so that the effect of mixing the powders again is achieved, the various powders are uniformly mixed according to a preset proportion, and the laser cladding quality is ensured. Set up rotatable second impeller 361 in the cavity of cavity base 36, second impeller 361 can rotate under the impact of powder air current, not only make the powder distribute evenly in the cavity of cavity base 36, be convenient for subsequent branch powder work, when powder air current drives second impeller 361 rotatory moreover, the partial kinetic energy of powder air current turns into the rotatory kinetic energy of second impeller 361, make the transmission speed of powder air current reduce, realize the cushioning effect of powder, avoided the powder in the phenomenon of piling up of dividing powder core 362 department. In addition, one end of the hollow base 36 is provided with a plurality of powder outlets 37, so that the powder can be evenly divided into multiple paths and conveyed to the laser cladding nozzle 4.

As an optional mode, as shown in fig. 1, the laser cladding powder feeding apparatus further includes a pressure relief unit 5 communicated with the static powder mixing unit 2 and the powder dividing unit 3, and the pressure relief unit 5 is used for relieving the pressure of the mixed powder; the pressure relief unit 5 is a pressure relief valve. After various powders are mixed in the static powder mixing unit 2 under the drive of respective compressed gas, the total gas flow of the mixed powders may exceed the gas flow demand required by the laser cladding nozzle 4, so that the gas pressure of the mixed powders needs to be released, and the situation that the laser cladding layer is uneven and the powder is wasted and the beauty of the laser cladding layer and the quality of a workpiece are influenced due to excessive powder accumulation on the surface of the workpiece is avoided.

In a second aspect, the invention also provides a laser cladding powder feeding method, which comprises the following steps: the powder supply unit 1 is used for controllably supplying at least two kinds of powder to the static powder mixing unit 2;

mixing at least two kinds of powders by using a static powder mixing unit 2;

the mixed powder is divided by a powder dividing unit 3;

the mixed powder is sprayed and accumulated on the surface of the workpiece by the nozzle 4.

The beneficial effects of the laser cladding powder feeding method provided by the embodiment of the invention are the same as those of the laser cladding powder feeding equipment in the technical scheme, and are not repeated here.

The types of the powder conveyed by the adjustable and controllable conveying device can be up to 16, for convenience of understanding, the concrete application of the laser cladding powder conveying device and the powder conveying method is described by taking the example that four kinds of powder are conveyed in a mixing mode and the powder dividing unit 3 divides the mixed powder into four ways. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction and to the arrangements of the components set forth herein.

As shown in fig. 1, four kinds of powders are stored in four powder storage cylinders 121 respectively, and the four powder storage cylinders 121 correspond to four powder supply chambers 122 respectively, it should be understood that four inlet channels 23 are correspondingly arranged at the powder conveying end of the primary powder mixing portion 21, and each inlet channel 23 is communicated with the powder supply chamber 122 through an air pipe and a ferrule connector. The four powder storage cylinders 121 supply powder to the corresponding powder supply cavities 122, the amount of the powder supplied by the powder storage cylinders 121 can be adjusted according to the actual requirements during laser cladding, and the powder conveying amount can be adjusted by adjusting the rotating speed of the powder feeding disk rotating wheel of the corresponding powder storage cylinder 121, so that the purpose of supplying the powder at any time and supplying the powder as required is realized. Meanwhile, each powder supply chamber 122 is communicated with the gas storage tank 11 and the static powder mixing unit 2, the gas storage tank 11 respectively conveys compressed gas to the four powder supply chambers 122 through four gas pipes, and the powder in the four powder supply chambers 122 respectively enters the first-stage powder mixing part 21 through the corresponding four inlet channels 23 under the driving of the compressed gas. The amount of the powder delivered by each powder supply chamber 122 and the delivery rate can be correspondingly adjusted by adjusting the flow and pressure of the compressed gas delivered into the four powder supply chambers 122. The four powder air streams supplied from the powder supply chamber 122 are first transferred to the first-stage powder mixing part 21 in the static powder mixing unit 2 by being transported through the air pipes, and the four powder air streams have their impact forces acting on the arc-shaped blades 2121, so that the arc-shaped blades 2121 rotate. The arc-shaped blades 2121 rotate, so that the moving direction of the four powder air flows is changed, the four powder air flows are dispersed and mixed together, and the primary mixing of the four powders in the second chamber is realized, so that the four powders are fully mixed in the subsequent process. Since the second chamber is communicated with the first chamber 221, the preliminarily mixed powder is introduced into the first chamber 221 by the airflow. When the mixed powder passes through the first helical blade 2221 and the second helical blade 2222 which are sequentially arranged in the first chamber 221 at intervals, the mixed powder is divided for a plurality of times, the flowing state is changed and the mixed powder is mixed, and the arc-shaped surfaces of the first helical blade 2221 and the second helical blade 2222 and the arrangement angle between the arc-shaped surfaces make the powder airflow advance in a rotational flow state, so that not only is the full mixing of four kinds of powder realized, but also the mixed powder is not biased to move in one direction due to the influence of gravity and the airflow angle. Powder after the intensive mixing is carried to pressure release unit 5 via the trachea, and pressure release unit 5 adopts the pressure release valve to discharge the pressure of mixing back powder, prevents that the mixed powder is too big because gas flow, and the powder volume that leads to finally carrying to nozzle 4 department is too much, causes the waste of powder, influences the quality of laser cladding layer. The mixed powder after pressure relief is conveyed to the powder distributing unit 3 through an air pipe, and the mixed powder is distributed by the powder distributing unit 3. When the mixed powder passes through powder dividing pipe 34, when setting up third spiral blade 351 and fourth spiral blade 352 in powder dividing pipe 34 through a plurality of intervals in proper order, by cutting apart many times, change flow direction and mix, avoid the powder gathering in dividing powder unit 3, lead to the powder to block up, influence work efficiency. Simultaneously, the powder is mixed again, guarantees the homogeneity that the powder mixes. It can be understood that the arrangement of the powder distributing pipe 34 provides a buffer effect for the subsequent powder distributing work, and is beneficial to more accurately performing the powder distributing work. The powder is divided into four paths of powder by the four powder outlets 37 after passing through the powder passing core 362, the four paths of powder are transmitted to the nozzle 4 through the four air pipes and the corresponding sleeve connectors and the pneumatic quick connectors, and the four paths of powder received by the nozzle 4 are sprayed and gathered on the surface of the workpiece.

In the foregoing description of embodiments, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.