阅读说明：本技术 断奶仔猪用防腹泻促生长复合饲料添加剂及其制备方法 (Diarrhea-preventing growth-promoting composite feed additive for weaned piglets and preparation method thereof ) 是由 孙育荣 王燕 于 2018-06-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于仔猪用饲料技术领域,具体涉及一种断奶仔猪用防腹泻促生长复合饲料添加剂及其制备方法,所述复合饲料添加剂包括以下重量份的组分：酸化剂50-80份、益生菌1-5份、酿酒酵母提取物1-5份、脂肪酸4-9份、酶制剂5-10份、调味剂0.1-2份、葡萄糖10-20份、复合中草药1-3份、包被复合维生素10-30份。本发明制备的饲料添加剂可以调节断奶仔猪肠道微生物区系,降低断奶仔猪的断奶应激,促进仔猪生长,提高仔猪的免疫力。(The invention belongs to the technical field of piglet feed, and particularly relates to a diarrhea-preventing growth-promoting composite feed additive for weaned piglets and a preparation method thereof, wherein the composite feed additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of acidifier, 1-5 parts of probiotics, 1-5 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae extract, 4-9 parts of fatty acid, 5-10 parts of enzyme preparation, 0.1-2 parts of flavoring agent, 10-20 parts of glucose, 1-3 parts of compound Chinese herbal medicine and 10-30 parts of coated compound vitamin. The feed additive prepared by the invention can adjust intestinal microflora of weaned pigs, reduce weaning stress of the weaned pigs, promote the growth of the piglets and improve the immunity of the piglets.)

1. The diarrhea-preventing growth-promoting compound feed additive for the weaned piglets comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of acidifier, 1-5 parts of probiotics, 1-5 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae extract, 4-9 parts of fatty acid, 5-10 parts of enzyme preparation, 0.1-2 parts of flavoring agent, 10-20 parts of glucose, 1-3 parts of compound Chinese herbal medicine and 10-30 parts of coated compound vitamin.

2. The diarrhea-preventing growth-promoting composite feed additive for weaned piglets according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the acidifier comprises 15-23 parts of fumaric acid, 17-25 parts of calcium lactate, 10-20 parts of calcium propionate and 8-12 parts of silicon dioxide carrier.

3. The diarrhea-preventing growth-promoting composite feed additive for weaned piglets according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the probiotics are at least two of clostridium butyricum, lactobacillus and bacillus subtilis.

4. The diarrhea-preventing growth-promoting composite feed additive for weaned piglets according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the fatty acid is a medium chain fatty acid extracted from coconut oil and/or palm oil.

5. The diarrhea-preventing growth-promoting composite feed additive for weaned piglets according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the enzyme preparation is formed by combining one or more of phytase, protease, amylase, xylanase and beta-mannase.

6. The diarrhea-preventing growth-promoting composite feed additive for weaned piglets according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the compound Chinese herbal medicine is at least two of astragalus, hawthorn and malt.

7. The diarrhea-preventing growth-promoting composite feed additive for weaned piglets according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the flavoring agent is cheese flavor.

8. The diarrhea-preventing growth-promoting composite feed additive for weaned piglets according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the core material coated with the compound vitamin comprises vitamin A and vitamin D₃Vitamin E, vitamin K₃Vitamin B₁Vitamin B₂Vitamin B₆Vitamin B₁₂The wall material coated with the compound vitamin comprises one or more of vegetable wax, animal wax and gelatin.

9. A method for preparing the diarrhea-preventing growth-promoting compound feed additive for the weaned piglet according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: mixing 70-80% of the formula amount of the coated multivitamin, and the formula amount of the acidifier, the probiotics, the saccharomyces cerevisiae extract, the fatty acid, the enzyme preparation, the flavoring agent and the compound Chinese herbal medicine, uniformly mixing, adding the rest of the coated multivitamin, and fully mixing to obtain the compound feed additive.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of piglet feed, and particularly relates to a diarrhea-preventing growth-promoting compound feed additive for weaned piglets and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Because a stable micro-ecosystem is not established in the intestinal tract, the piglet has low self resistance, is sensitive to external stimulation and is easily affected by the invasion of various pathogenic microorganisms and various stress factors. The infectious diarrhea is common in the suckling piglets, while the diarrhea caused by non-infectious factors such as daily ration antigen allergy, weaning, sudden feed replacement and stress is mainly taken as the nursing piglets. The pathogenesis of the piglet diarrhea is very complex, and single factors and compound factors can promote the pathogenesis. Among all stressors, nutritional stress is the most dominant. The change of the intestinal morphology (the height of grade hair and the depth of crypts) is the main reason for the change of the function and the change of the intestinal absorption function, and the piglet can generate anaphylactic reaction under the stress condition, so that the mitotic speed of intestinal cells is accelerated, and the depth of the crypts is increased. When the migration speed of the intestinal cells to the grade hair is increased, the shedding speed of the apical intestinal cells is increased, and the loss of mature intestinal cells is increased. Due to their high absorptive and digestive capacities, a reduction in the number of mature cells leads to a reduction in enzymatic activity and absorptive capacity. These changes are closely related to increased turnover of intestinal nutrients and dyspepsia, and are likely to increase the sensitivity of the small intestine to pathogenic microorganisms (e.g., E.coli), which in turn can lead to further damage to intestinal tissue.

The diarrhea of piglets is a typical multifactorial disease, is an important cause for the growth obstruction and high mortality of the piglets, and brings huge direct economic loss to the pig industry every year. For the common diarrhea phenomenon of piglets in the breeding process, most of the piglets are treated by some plant active ingredients or beneficial microorganisms abroad, the domestic breeding environment is far from the Europe and the America, and the bred animals have great difference, so that the means for treating the diarrhea of the piglets in China still uses a large amount of antibiotics and uses trace elements such as zinc, copper and the like at high dose. The antibiotic is a double-edged sword, and the phenomena of growth inhibition, feed intake reduction, pale skin, rough and curly fur and the like of the pigs can be caused by long-term use of high-dose metal elements.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly provides a diarrhea-preventing growth-promoting composite feed additive for weaned pigs and a preparation method thereof. The technical scheme is as follows:

the diarrhea-preventing growth-promoting compound feed additive for the weaned piglets comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of acidifier, 1-5 parts of probiotics, 1-5 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae extract, 4-9 parts of fatty acid, 5-10 parts of enzyme preparation, 0.1-2 parts of flavoring agent, 10-20 parts of glucose, 1-3 parts of compound Chinese herbal medicine and 10-30 parts of coated compound vitamin.

Preferably, the acidifier consists of 15-23 parts of fumaric acid, 17-25 parts of calcium lactate, 10-20 parts of calcium propionate and 8-12 parts of silicon dioxide carrier.

Preferably, the probiotics are at least two of clostridium butyricum, lactobacillus and bacillus subtilis.

Preferably, the fatty acid is a medium chain fatty acid extracted from coconut oil and/or palm oil.

Preferably, the enzyme preparation is formed by combining one or more of phytase, protease, amylase, xylanase and beta-mannanase.

Preferably, the compound Chinese herbal medicine is at least two of astragalus, hawthorn and malt.

Preferably, the flavoring agent is cheese-flavored essence.

It is preferable thatThe core material coated with the compound vitamin comprises vitamin A and vitamin D₃Vitamin E, vitamin K₃Vitamin B₁Vitamin B₂Vitamin B₆Vitamin B₁₂The wall material coated with the compound vitamin comprises one or more of vegetable wax, animal wax and gelatin.

The preparation method of the diarrhea-preventing growth-promoting compound feed additive for the weaned piglets comprises the following steps: mixing 70-80% of the formula amount of the coated multivitamin, and the formula amount of the acidifier, the probiotics, the saccharomyces cerevisiae extract, the fatty acid, the enzyme preparation, the flavoring agent and the compound Chinese herbal medicine, uniformly mixing, adding the rest of the coated multivitamin, and fully mixing to obtain the compound feed additive.

In the development of the project, the selection of single components, such as acidifying agent, probiotics, oligosaccharide and other components, must be carried out by screening the results of multiple domestic and foreign research tests on weaned pigs for years, and carrying out product components and test results on domestic and foreign famous acidifying agent manufacturers, probiotic bacteria manufacturers and oligosaccharide manufacturers and other effective component manufacturers, respectively screening out different components of required composite acidifying agent, composite probiotics and composite oligosaccharide by taking the data as the basis, and carrying out independent or compound screening through in vitro bacteriostatic tests in laboratories and animal tests in pig farms, thereby screening out the proportion of optimal data.

Analysis of a large number of documents shows that how to maintain the stability of the feeding effect of different acidifiers, probiotics, oligosaccharides and the like is an important research direction in research and development and production processes because different acidifiers, probiotics and oligosaccharides have the problems of unstable effect and not quite clear action mechanism in use. Several issues have to be considered, such as suitable additive amounts of acidifiers, probiotics and oligosaccharides on piglets; based on the research on the synergistic or antagonistic action of different components of the acidifier, the probiotics and the oligosaccharide, a novel and effective compound acidifier, a compound microbial inoculum and a compound oligosaccharide product are developed; the main direction of the product is to combine the effects of the acidifier, the probiotics and the oligosaccharide, and combine the acidifier, the probiotics and the oligosaccharide with other additives such as saccharomyces cerevisiae extract to create a better additive effect.

The product is specially designed aiming at the characteristics of intestinal tracts of piglets, the sensitivity of piglets to smell is strong, weaned piglets are just separated from breast feeding, the ingredients of the product, such as acidifier, probiotics or yeast extract, have special smell which can influence the palatability of feed and can reduce the feed intake of the piglets, and in consideration of the problem, the product is uniquely added with natural flavor substances which are favored by the piglets, and the addition of the flavor substances is determined by carrying out pig farm test screening on a plurality of flavors and observing the indexes of the feeding behavior of the piglets, the feed intake of the piglets, the daily gain and the like.

The product adopts special microcapsule coating technology in consideration of the problems of stability of product form, oxidation resistance, easy mixing property, time-effect of absorption in intestinal tract and the like. Aims to improve the quality of the product, reduce the weaning stress of the weaned pigs, adjust the intestinal microflora of the weaned pigs, improve the immunity of the piglets and promote the growth of the piglets. The optimal product process parameters are determined through multi-batch small-scale production practice.

By adopting the scheme, the invention has the following advantages:

the product is developed by aiming at the gastrointestinal tract characteristics of weaned piglets, adopts effective components which have obvious effects on the intestinal tract health of the piglets and the immunity of the piglets, takes an acidifier as a main body, adds probiotics, a saccharomyces cerevisiae extract with a certain proportion and medium-chain fatty acid which is beneficial to the intestinal tract repair of the piglets, adopts a special microcapsule coating technology, makes the product into a form with strong fluidity, oxidation resistance, caking resistance and strong stability, and increases the action time and the efficiency of the product in the intestinal tract. The effective components are combined according to the optimal proportion, and the aim is to adjust the intestinal microflora of the weaned pigs, reduce the weaning stress of the weaned pigs, promote the growth of the piglets and improve the immunity of the piglets.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a bin grouping;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the food intake of the nest.

Detailed Description

1. The acidifying agent can improve gastrointestinal microflora

The pH value suitable for growth of several pathogenic bacteria is neutral alkali, such as Escherichia coli pH value of 6.0-8.0, Streptococcus bacteria pH value of 6.0-7.5, Staphylococcus bacteria pH value of 6.8-7.5, and Clostridium bacteria pH value of 6.0-7.5. And beneficial bacteria such as lactobacillus are suitable for growth and propagation in acidic environment. Therefore, the acidifier can inhibit the propagation of harmful microorganisms by lowering the pH value of the gastrointestinal tract, and reduce the consumption of nutrient substances and the generation of antibiotic long-acting toxin; and simultaneously promote the proliferation of beneficial microorganisms such as lactobacillus, bifidobacterium and the like.

2. Probiotics improving gastrointestinal microflora

Most of the probiotics are obligate anaerobes or facultative anaerobes, and after the livestock and poultry eat the probiotics, beneficial flora in the digestive tract is effectively supplemented, so that the beneficial flora has absolute advantages in quantity and action intensity; on the other hand, the reproduction and metabolism of the flora forms oxygen competition with harmful bacteria or causes an anaerobic environment, and the growth and the reproduction of aerobic pathogenic flora are greatly inhibited. The probiotics can occupy the colonization sites of the host animal digestive tract, thereby preventing the attachment and reproduction of harmful bacteria on the intestinal mucosa. Coli is a normal bacterium in pig digestive tract, but if it is excessively propagated, it will cause disease to animals, and lactobacillus colonized on stomach non-secretory epithelium is an important factor for controlling the number of e.coli, and competitive exclusion can occur in the whole digestive tract of host animals when feed contains lactobacillus or other non-pathogenic microorganisms. The acidophilic lactobacillus has very strong affinity to the intestinal epithelium, thereby reducing the chance of combining escherichia coli with the intestinal epithelium. Beneficial bacteria such as lactobacillus can strongly inhibit the proliferation of other bacteria in the digestive tract through nutrition competition; probiotics may also adsorb to the cell surface of pathogenic bacteria, inhibiting the latter's affinity for the gut epithelium and accelerating their excretion rate. Lactic acid and acetic acid generated by the probiotics reduce the pH value in the alimentary canal, thereby inhibiting the survival of harmful bacteria, and metabolites such as lysozyme, H2O2 and the like generated by the probiotics also have the bacteriostatic action.

3. Medium chain fatty acids

Medium chain fatty acids are those fatty acids containing 6 to 12 carbons, which may be present as medium chain fatty acid triglycerides. Their non-branched fatty acids: caproic acid (6 carbons), caprylic acid (8 carbons), capric acid (10 carbons), and lauric acid (12 carbons).

Commercial medium chain fatty acids are extracted from coconut oil and palm oil.

Medium-chain fatty acids affect the intestinal environment and in this way exhibit an effect on intestinal microorganisms. Microbiologists found that medium chain fatty acids had antibacterial effects against both gram negative and gram positive bacteria.

After testing 4 major pathogens affecting pigs (e.coli, streptococcus, salmonella, and clostridium perfringens), the medium chain fatty acid combination minimum inhibitory concentration was between 0.1% and 0.3%.

The medium-chain fatty acid has antibacterial effect on several common pathogenic bacteria of pigs. This study found that they not only provide energy to the gut, but also improve gut morphology including villus height.

The beneficial bacteria can use medium-chain fatty acid as an energy source, thereby creating an environment which is not beneficial to the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria. Medium chain fatty acids also have antiviral properties, especially against membrane viruses. Other studies have found that medium chain fatty acids may reduce the virulence of particular pathogenic bacteria, possibly due to their indirect effect on immunity or their effect on reducing viral shedding. These findings have prompted their use against certain specific diseases, such as postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome.

Mixed medium chain fatty acids are used as additives in a variety of animal productions. These products may also contain short chain fatty acids such as butyric, propionic and formic acids. Because of the synergistic effect between these organic acids and medium-chain fatty acids, the combined use has a synergistic effect.

Short chain fatty acids acidify the intestinal tract and disturb the bacterial cell wall, making medium chain fatty acids more accessible inside the bacteria. They change pH and cause cell disintegration. They also inhibit the production of lipases which bacteria need to utilize to adhere to the intestinal wall.

Medium chain fatty acids may be present in the form of triglycerides, but the involvement of lipases is required for this form of presence to function optimally. Their salts present odor problems that need to be addressed by flavoring agents (so flavoring agents are added to the formulation). Coating may also be used to protect them from passage through the duodenum and release in the ileum and large intestine (so coating techniques are used). Coating medium chain fatty acids means that they act immediately once they are needed and do not require additional auxiliary ingredients, such as enzymes (so enzyme preparations are added to the formulation).

For pig

Young pigs recommend the addition of high levels of medium chain fatty acids because they face the greatest challenge. The immune system of piglets is still developing and they are in contact with a large variety of microorganisms.

The benefits of medium chain fatty acids on weaned pigs are in terms of long speed and feed ratio. The effect is more obvious under stress or disease conditions, and the incidence rate of diarrhea can be reduced. Studies have shown that medium chain fatty acids can improve the digestion of protein and fiber by piglets.

Stress in the early growth process affects the production performance of pigs, and the decrease of intestinal health caused by the fighting during the changing of feed and the changing of the fence and the reestablishment of social order can reduce the feed intake. By improving gut health during these periods, medium chain fatty acids may increase overall production performance in pigs.

The use is necessary in the later growth period, and stress is caused by the fact that food consumption is large and food snatching is struggled. For sows, maintaining the intestinal health of the sows is not only beneficial to piglets, but also can prolong the service life of the sows.

Reducing antibiotic use

The addition of medium chain fatty acids is an option if one considers reducing the amount of antibiotics or making no antibiotics. Although not a direct replacement for antibiotics, they are a useful tool, especially for weaning pigs, where environmental improvements, nutritional enhancements and hygiene controls should be performed simultaneously.

As the european union gradually banned zinc oxide, products that prevented post-weaning diarrhea are receiving increasing attention.

4. Glucose

Improving the resistance of the piglets. Glucose is a good energy and nutrient substance for cells, tissues and organs of animal organisms, is also an essential component of blood, and can improve the metabolism of the tissues and the physiological activity of the organisms. The 8-12% glucose powder is added into pig feed or drinking water, and can be rapidly absorbed from small intestine, enhance physical ability and supplement nutrition, thereby enhancing the resistance to infectious diseases and various diseases, greatly reducing the morbidity of swinery and obviously reducing unknown death.

Use of glucose powder

1) Detoxification: the mycotoxin is glucose which is 10 percent of the mixed material and is used for 7 to 10 days, and has better effect when matched with the body resistance strengthening and detoxifying powder;

2) food calling: in the recovery period after the onset of the pig diseases, the appetite of the pigs is poor, and glucose can be used for attracting food; the sows often have low temperature, and glucose is also indispensable;

3) improve survival rate of suckling pigs

The newly produced suckling pigs are filled with 10% of glucose water, so that the method can prevent hypoglycemia caused by congenital malnutrition of the piglets, improve the survival rate of the piglets, increase the concentration of acid in the stomach and intestine of the piglets and be beneficial to digestion of the piglets.

4) Increase the drug administration effect

When the feed is mixed with drinking water to treat pig diseases, pigs are reluctant to normally eat drinking water due to the peculiar smell of the drug. If the glucose powder is added to cover the medicinal taste, the feed intake and water intake of the pigs can be improved, the pigs are guaranteed to take enough medicine, and the treatment effect is improved.