阅读说明：本技术 一种差动式气固分选振动流化床煤炭分选装置及方法 (Differential gas-solid separation vibrating fluidized bed coal separation device and method ) 是由 骆振福 陈长帅 付艳红 张亚东 周恩会 秦兴宗 许轩 于 2019-10-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种差动式气固分选振动流化床煤炭分选装置及方法,属于煤炭干法分选技术领域。装置包括流化床、预布风室、差动式振动台、空气压缩机和电脑控制台；流化床垂直设在差动式振动台上方,预布风室设在柱状流化床与差动式振动台之间,预预布风室内设有与柱状流化床底部相通的气体布风板,预布风室的侧面设有进风口,进风口经气管与空气压缩机相连,分选物料给入到流化床内后,在振动和气流的协同作用下,分选物料按照物料密度差异进行分选,起到促进颗粒流化,减少沟流死区的作用。其结构简单,操作方便,分选效果好,适用于煤炭干法分选,也适用于流化床干燥领域,具有广泛的实用性。(The invention provides a differential gas-solid separation vibrating fluidized bed coal separation device and method, and belongs to the technical field of coal dry separation. The device comprises a fluidized bed, a pre-air distribution chamber, a differential type vibration table, an air compressor and a computer console; the fluidized bed is vertically arranged above the differential type vibration table, the pre-air distribution chamber is arranged between the columnar fluidized bed and the differential type vibration table, a gas air distribution plate communicated with the bottom of the columnar fluidized bed is arranged in the pre-air distribution chamber, an air inlet is arranged on the side surface of the pre-air distribution chamber, the air inlet is connected with an air compressor through an air pipe, and after the sorted materials are fed into the fluidized bed, the sorted materials are sorted according to the material density difference under the synergistic action of vibration and air flow, so that the effects of promoting particle fluidization and reducing channeling dead zones are achieved. The coal dry separation device is simple in structure, convenient to operate, good in separation effect, suitable for coal dry separation, also suitable for the field of fluidized bed drying, and wide in practicability.)

1. The utility model provides a differential type gas-solid separation vibrated fluidized bed coal sorting unit, includes fluidized bed (1), pre-air distribution chamber (3), differential type shaking table (4), air compressor (6) and computer control platform (10), its characterized in that: the fluidized bed (1) is a columnar fluidized bed, is vertically arranged above the differential type vibration table (4) and is elastically connected, the pre-air distribution chamber (3) is arranged between the columnar fluidized bed and the differential type vibration table (4), a gas air distribution plate (9) communicated with the bottom of the columnar fluidized bed is arranged in the pre-air distribution chamber (3), an air inlet is arranged on the side surface of the pre-air distribution chamber (3), the air inlet is connected with an air compressor (6) through an air pipe (8), the differential vibration table (4) is connected with a computer console through a circuit, the computer console (10) controls the differential vibration table (4) to generate differential sawtooth vibration pressure waves (7) to enter the pre-air distribution chamber (3), compressed air entering the pre-air distribution chamber (3) uniformly blows air into the columnar fluidized bed through the air distribution plate (9), and the materials (2) in the columnar fluidized bed are subjected to differential gas-solid vibration separation under the action of sawtooth vibration pressure waves; compressed air generated by an air compressor (6) is introduced into a fluidized bed pre-air distribution chamber (3) through an air pipe (8), air flow (5) is fed into the fluidized bed (1) after air is uniformly distributed through an air distribution plate (9), and materials (2) in the fluidized bed (1) are fluidized under the action of differential sawtooth vibration pressure waves generated by a differential vibration table (4) and air pressure waves formed by the air flow (5) together, so that the density sorting is realized.

2. The differential gas-solid separation vibrating fluidized bed coal separation device of claim 1, characterized in that: the aperture ratio of the gas air distribution plate (9) is 20-25%.

3. The differential gas-solid separation vibrating fluidized bed coal separation device of claim 1, characterized in that: the air pipe (8) is a plastic hose or a rubber hose.

4. A separation method using the differential gas-solid separation vibratory fluidized bed coal separation apparatus of claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:

the method comprises the following steps: adding magnetite with the granularity of 0.3-0.074mm into a fluidized bed (1) as a heavy material, introducing compressed air generated by an air compressor (6) into a pre-air distribution chamber (3) of the fluidized bed through an air pipe (8), and introducing the compressed air into the fluidized bed (1) through a gas air distribution plate (9);

step two: setting a sawtooth wave vibration mode according to a program through a computer control console (10), starting a differential vibration table (4) to generate a differential sawtooth vibration pressure wave (7), promoting a particle bed layer in a columnar fluidized bed to form a uniform fluidized state under the synergistic action of the sawtooth vibration pressure wave (7) and air flow, and adding raw coal to be sorted with the granularity of minus 6+1mm into the fluidized bed layer after the bed layer is fluidized stably;

step three: the method comprises the steps that fed raw coal is sorted according to density in a bed layer of a fluidized bed (1) according to the physical density difference between gangue and clean coal, materials with high density sink to the bottom of the bed layer, materials with low density float to the top of the bed layer, when sorting is continuously carried out for 5-10 minutes, a differential type vibration table (4) and an air compressor (6) are simultaneously closed, bed layer vibration and air flow supply are stopped, the sorted bed layer is sampled, four layers of sampling are uniformly carried out from top to bottom, the first layer and the second layer are clean coal, the third layer is middlings, and the fourth layer is gangue.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a differential gas-solid separation vibration fluidized bed coal separation method, which is particularly suitable for separation of coal in western arid water-deficient areas in China and is also suitable for the dry separation field of chemical industry, agriculture and other industries.

Background

Coal is an important primary energy source in China, 2/3 coal in China is distributed in western arid water-deficient areas, and the application and popularization of the high-efficiency dry coal preparation technology play an important role in deep processing of coal resources. The solid phase weighting in the gas-solid separation fluidized bed can utilize the gas flowing through the gas distribution plate to form fluid-like properties so as to achieve the prerequisite condition of separation according to density. The vibration energy is transmitted in the fluidized bed in the form of forced movement of the gas air distribution plate and air pressure waves, and is generated by vibration of the vibration table and transmitted to the particles in the fluidized bed through the gas air distribution plate, so that the effects of reducing particle agglomeration, increasing particle activity and strengthening fluidization effect are achieved, and the introduction of the vibration energy has important significance for the gas-solid separation fluidized bed. The conventional vibrated fluidized bed mainly adopts sinusoidal simple harmonic vibration, the sinusoidal vibration is generated by a vibration table of an excitation device, the vibration table is not rigidly connected with a fluidized bed body, and particles in the fluidized bed are subjected to the synergistic action of air flow and vibration to carry out fluidization operation. The sinusoidal vibration generated by the traditional gas-solid vibrating fluidized bed has the characteristics of high frequency and small amplitude, and after particles in the bed body are subjected to the action of sinusoidal high-frequency low-amplitude vibration generated by the vibrating table, under the synergistic action of air flow, a vibration suspension state can be formed in the fluidized bed, so that the raw coal is sorted in the vibration suspension body. The differential vibration fluidized bed is characterized in that a vibration table of a vibration excitation device provides a differential vibration mode for the fluidized bed through non-rigid connection, air pressure waves generated by differential vibration are large in amplitude and small in frequency, particles in the bed body can firstly do ascending motion and then show free falling motion under the synergistic action of air flow after being vibrated by differential low-frequency high-amplitude vibration generated by the vibration table, and the sorting process is completed by the difference of gravity in the free falling process after the particles are subjected to the synergistic action of vibration-air flow.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem is as follows: the invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a differential gas-solid separation vibrating fluidized bed coal separation method which is simple and easy to implement, has a good separation effect and is suitable for fine coal separation.

The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a differential gas-solid separation vibrating fluidized bed coal separation device, which comprises a fluidized bed, a pre-air distribution chamber, a differential vibrating table, an air compressor and a computer console; the fluidized bed is a columnar fluidized bed, is vertically arranged above the differential type vibration table and is elastically connected, the pre-air distribution chamber is arranged between the columnar fluidized bed and the differential type vibration table, a gas air distribution plate communicated with the bottom of the columnar fluidized bed is arranged in the pre-air distribution chamber, an air inlet is arranged on the side surface of the pre-air distribution chamber, the air inlet is connected with an air compressor through an air pipe, the differential type vibration table is connected with a computer control table through a circuit, the computer control table controls the differential type vibration table to generate differential type sawtooth vibration pressure waves to enter the pre-air distribution chamber, compressed air entering the pre-air distribution chamber uniformly supplies air to the columnar fluidized bed through the gas air distribution plate, and differential type gas-solid vibration separation is carried out on materials in the columnar fluidized bed under the action of the sawtooth vibration pressure waves; compressed air generated by an air compressor is introduced into a fluidized bed pre-air distribution chamber through an air pipe, air flow is fed into the fluidized bed after air is uniformly distributed through an air distribution plate, and materials in the fluidized bed are fluidized under the action of differential sawtooth vibration pressure waves generated by a differential vibration table and air pressure waves formed by the air flow together, so that the sorting according to density is realized.

The aperture ratio of the gas air distribution plate is 20-25%.

The air pipe is a plastic hose or a rubber hose.

A separation method using the differential gas-solid separation vibrating fluidized bed coal separation device comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: adding magnetite with the granularity of 0.3-0.074mm into the fluidized bed as a heavy material, introducing compressed air generated by an air compressor into a pre-air distribution chamber of the fluidized bed through an air pipe, and introducing the compressed air into the fluidized bed through a gas air distribution plate;

step two: setting a sawtooth wave vibration mode according to a program through a computer console, starting the differential vibration table to generate a differential sawtooth vibration pressure wave, promoting a particle bed layer in the columnar fluidized bed to form a uniform fluidized state under the synergistic action of the sawtooth vibration pressure wave and air flow, and adding raw coal to be sorted with the granularity of minus 6+1mm into the fluidized bed layer after the bed layer is fluidized stably;

step three: the method comprises the steps of sorting raw coal fed according to density in a bed layer of a fluidized bed according to the physical density difference between gangue and clean coal, sinking materials with high density to the bottom of the bed layer, floating materials with low density to the top of the bed layer, closing a differential type vibration table and an air compressor when sorting is continuously carried out for 5-10 minutes, stopping bed layer vibration and air flow supply, sampling the sorted bed layer, and uniformly sampling the sorted bed layer in four layers from top to bottom, wherein the first layer and the second layer are clean coal, the third layer is middlings, and the fourth layer is gangue.

Has the advantages that: due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention can achieve the effect of efficient dry separation of coal, improve the separation efficiency, reduce the equipment abrasion, provide a new method for the efficient dry separation of the coal and expand a new idea for the multi-field application of the vibrated fluidized bed. The sinusoidal vibration acting force generated by the conventional sinusoidal vibration fluidized bed can make coal particles to be sorted generate periodic regular motion under the action of air pressure waves, and the method is suitable for sorting the coal particles under the condition of uniform density and granularity. When the particle density and the particle size interval distribution of coal to be sorted are large, the coal can be better sorted by the differential vibration mode provided by the differential vibration fluidized bed. After the coal particles are subjected to the synergistic action of differential vibration acting force and air flow in the differential vibration fluidized bed, in a single period, the coal particles do free falling body movement in the weighting mass consisting of magnetite particles, and because the amplitude of the differential vibration form is larger, the density and the granularity of the coal particles to be sorted are greatly different, and the speed difference of the movement end is larger, the free falling body time of the coal particles to be sorted is longer, the layering in the fluidized bed is more obvious, and the sorting effect is better. The fluidized bed body is non-rigidly connected with the vibration table, the air flow generated by the air supply device is introduced into a pre-air distribution chamber of the fluidized bed through an air pipe, and then is introduced into the fluidized bed body through an air distribution plate of the fluidized bed, and the materials are layered according to density under the synergistic action of vibration pressure wave and the air flow, so that the separation effect is achieved. Compared with the traditional sinusoidal vibration fluidized bed, the invention has the following characteristics:

1) the differential type vibration fluidized bed coal dry separation method is simple in principle, convenient in implementation equipment and capable of being operated on a traditional vibration table.

2) Compared with the traditional sinusoidal vibration fluidized bed, the invention provides a novel vibration mode of the vibration table for the field of fluidized bed coal separation, and provides a novel mode for coal dry separation.

3) The materials are subjected to the synergistic effect of vibration and airflow in the differential vibrating fluidized bed, in a single period, the coal particles do free-falling motion in the weighting mass consisting of magnetite particles, and because the amplitude of the differential vibrating form is larger, the difference between the density and the granularity of the coal particles to be sorted is larger, and the difference between the moving end speed of the coal particles is larger, the free-falling time of the coal particles to be sorted is longer, the layering in the fluidized bed is more obvious, and the sorting effect is better.

4) Provides a new method for sorting fine-grained coal with the size of-6 +1mm wide by a vibrating fluidized bed.

5) The precision of sorting is ensured through the increase shaking table amplitude to this reduces shaking table vibration frequency, selects separately the material through increaseing the vibration, alleviates equipment wear, increases equipment service life, practices thrift the cost.

6) Is suitable for the fields of coal dry separation and fluidized bed drying and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a differential gas-solid separation vibrated fluidized bed coal separation device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a waveform of sawtooth vibration generated by the vibration table of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-a fluidized bed; 2-material; 3-pre-air distribution chamber; 4-differential vibration table; 5-gas flow; 6-air compressor; 7-sawtooth vibration pressure wave; 8-trachea; 9-gas air distribution plate; 10-computer console.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to examples in the drawings to which:

as shown in figure 1, the differential gas-solid separation vibration fluidized bed coal separation device of the invention mainly comprises a fluidized bed 1, a pre-air distribution chamber 3, a differential vibration table 4, an air compressor 6 and a computer control table 10, wherein the fluidized bed 1 is a columnar fluidized bed and is vertically arranged above the differential vibration table 4 and elastically connected, the pre-air distribution chamber 3 is arranged between the columnar fluidized bed and the differential vibration table 4, a gas air distribution plate 9 communicated with the bottom of the columnar fluidized bed is arranged in the pre-air distribution chamber 3, and the aperture ratio of the gas air distribution plate 9 is 20-25%. The side surface of the pre-air distribution chamber 3 is provided with an air inlet which is connected with an air compressor 6 through an air pipe 8, and the air pipe 8 is a plastic hose or a rubber hose. The differential type vibration table 4 is connected with a computer control table 10 through a circuit, the computer control table 10 controls the differential type vibration table 4 to generate differential type sawtooth vibration pressure waves 7 to enter the pre-air distribution chamber 3, compressed air entering the pre-air distribution chamber 3 is uniformly supplied to the columnar fluidized bed through an air distribution plate 9, and differential type gas-solid vibration separation is carried out on the materials 2 in the columnar fluidized bed under the action of the sawtooth vibration pressure waves; compressed air generated by an air compressor 6 is introduced into a fluidized bed pre-air distribution chamber 3 through an air pipe 8, air flow 5 is fed into the fluidized bed 1 after air is uniformly distributed through an air distribution plate 9, and materials 2 in the fluidized bed 1 are fluidized under the action of air pressure waves formed by differential sawtooth vibration pressure waves generated by a differential vibration table 4 and the air flow 5 together, so that the sorting according to density is realized.

The separation method using the differential gas-solid separation vibrating fluidized bed coal separation device comprises the following specific steps:

the method comprises the following steps: adding magnetite with the granularity of 0.3-0.074mm into the fluidized bed 1 as a heavy material, introducing compressed air generated by an air compressor 6 into a pre-air distribution chamber 3 of the fluidized bed through an air pipe 8, and introducing the compressed air into the fluidized bed 1 through an air distribution plate 9;

step two: setting a sawtooth wave vibration mode according to a program through a computer control console 10, as shown in fig. 2, starting a differential vibration table 4 to generate a differential sawtooth vibration pressure wave 7, wherein the fluidized bed body 1 is elastically connected with the differential vibration table 4, the material 2 in the fluidized bed 1 is vibrated by the differential vibration table 4 to start vibrating, the generated vibration pressure wave 7 and the air flow 5 generated by an air compressor 6 are cooperated to act on the material 2 in the fluidized bed body, the particle bed layer in the columnar fluidized bed is promoted to be in a uniform fluidized state under the cooperative action of the sawtooth vibration pressure wave 7 and the air flow, the vibration waveform of the differential vibration fluidized bed is sawtooth wave, the waveform of a standard sawtooth wave firstly rises linearly, then falls sharply, rises and falls sharply, and repeats so as to form periodic vibration; the sawtooth wave energy provides larger impact force for the vibrated fluidized bed in the vertical direction, promotes the active movement of particles, increases the activity of the particles, and achieves the purposes of reducing particle agglomeration and large-area fluidization dead zones in the bed; after the bed layer is fluidized stably, adding raw coal to be sorted with the granularity of minus 6+1mm into the fluidized bed body;

step three: the method comprises the steps that fed raw coal is sorted according to density in a bed layer of a fluidized bed 1 according to the physical density difference between gangue and clean coal, materials with high density sink to the bottom of the bed layer, materials with low density float to the top of the bed layer, when sorting is continuously carried out for 5-10 minutes, a differential type vibration table 4 and an air compressor 6 are closed at the same time, bed layer vibration and air flow supply are stopped, the sorted bed layer is sampled, four layers of sampling are uniformly carried out from top to bottom, the first layer and the second layer are clean coal, the third layer is middlings, and the fourth layer is gangue.