阅读说明：本技术 测力构架的纵向菱形载荷测试结构及其制作方法 (Longitudinal diamond load test structure of force measurement framework and manufacturing method thereof ) 是由 金新灿 王斌杰 王文静 于 2018-06-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种测力构架的纵向菱形载荷测试结构及其制作方法,针对H型/U型转向架构架的受力特性,通过在构架横梁靠近与侧梁连接处的横梁外侧面粘贴应变片,并组成全桥电路,直接测试得到构架整体的纵向菱形载荷。本发明在细致计算的基础上使得构架整体的纵向菱形力系具有较大的响应水平,同时使其它力系产生的干扰响应比测试响应大约低两个数量级,以确保各力系的解耦精度。转向架测力构架的提出既保证了测试精度,又使测得的载荷与结构应变之间呈现较好的准静态关系。(Aiming at the stress characteristic of an H-shaped/U-shaped bogie frame, strain gauges are adhered to the outer side faces of cross beams of the frame cross beams close to the joints with side beams to form a full-bridge circuit, and the longitudinal diamond load of the whole frame is directly obtained through testing. The invention enables the longitudinal diamond-shaped force system of the whole framework to have larger response level on the basis of detailed calculation, and simultaneously enables the interference response generated by other force systems to be about two orders of magnitude lower than the test response so as to ensure the decoupling precision of each force system. The bogie force measuring framework ensures the test precision and enables the measured load and the structural strain to present a better quasi-static relation.)

1. The utility model provides a vertical rhombus load test structure of dynamometry framework, this dynamometry framework has two curb girders and two crossbeams, its characterized in that:

the areas, close to the side beams, of the outer side surfaces at the two ends of each cross beam are provided with high-resolution load identification point areas, the two ends of a first cross beam are respectively provided with a first area and a second area, the two ends of a second cross beam are respectively provided with a third area and a fourth area, the first area and the third area are close to the same side beam, and the second area and the fourth area are both close to the other side beam;

at least one strain gauge is pasted on each high-resolution load identification point area; and (2) weighing: the strain gauge on the first area is a first strain gauge, the strain gauge on the second area is a second strain gauge, the strain gauge on the third area is a third strain gauge, and the strain gauge on the fourth area is a fourth strain gauge; a first strain gauge, a second strain gauge, a third strain gauge and a fourth strain gauge form a full-bridge circuit structure;

in the full-bridge circuit structure, the first strain gauge and the second strain gauge form an adjacent arm, the third strain gauge and the fourth strain gauge form an adjacent arm, the first strain gauge and the third strain gauge form an arm pair, and the second strain gauge and the fourth strain gauge form an arm pair.

2. The longitudinal diamond load testing structure of a dynamometric frame of claim 1, wherein: the first area to the fourth area do not exceed the equipment mounting seat on the cross beam closest to the side beam.

3. The longitudinal diamond load testing structure of a dynamometric frame of claim 1, wherein: at least one set of alternate full bridge circuit configurations is arranged.

4. A method for manufacturing a longitudinal diamond load test structure of a dynamometric framework, the dynamometric framework is provided with two side beams and two cross beams, and the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) high-resolution load identification point areas are defined in areas, close to the side beams, of the outer side faces of the two ends of each cross beam, a first area and a second area are respectively arranged at the two ends of a first cross beam, a third area and a fourth area are respectively arranged at the two ends of a second cross beam, the first area and the third area are close to the same side beam, and the second area and the fourth area are close to the other side beam;

(2) adhering a plurality of strain gauges to each high-resolution load identification point area; and (2) weighing: the strain gauge on the first area is a first strain gauge, the strain gauge on the second area is a second strain gauge, the strain gauge on the third area is a third strain gauge, and the strain gauge on the fourth area is a fourth strain gauge; any one first strain gauge, any one second strain gauge, any one third strain gauge and any one fourth strain gauge can form a group of full-bridge circuit structures;

in each full-bridge circuit structure, a first strain gauge and a second strain gauge form an adjacent arm, a third strain gauge and a fourth strain gauge form an adjacent arm, the first strain gauge and the third strain gauge form an arm pair, and the second strain gauge and the fourth strain gauge form an arm pair;

(3) the method comprises the following steps that static calibration is carried out on a framework structure attached with strain gauges on a multichannel loading force measurement framework calibration test bed, decoupling calculation is carried out on each full-bridge circuit structure one by one, and one or more groups of bridge structures with the highest mutual decoupling precision or one or more groups of bridge structures meeting the decoupling precision requirement are found;

(4) and finishing the manufacture of the force measuring framework according to the finally determined bridge combination structure.

5. The method of making a longitudinal diamond load test structure for a dynamometric frame of claim 4, wherein: the first area to the fourth area do not exceed the equipment mounting seat on the cross beam closest to the side beam.

6. The method of making a longitudinal diamond load test structure for a dynamometric frame of claim 4, wherein: in the step (4), at least one group of standby bridge structures is arranged at each corner of the force measuring frame.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a structure and a method for testing a longitudinal rhombic load force system of a force measuring frame of a railway vehicle.

Background

In the prior art, only a test method aiming at the longitudinal diamond load of a three-piece bogie is adopted, namely, a cross rod of the bogie is manufactured into a force transducer, and the load-time course of the cross rod under the actual application condition is directly tested. For an H-shaped bogie and a U-shaped bogie which are widely applied to a railway passenger car, a test structure and a test method for longitudinal diamond load of the bogie are not available at present due to different bogie structures.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is: the longitudinal diamond load test structure of the force measurement framework and the manufacturing method thereof are provided, and the blank in the prior art is filled.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

the utility model provides a vertical rhombus load test structure of dynamometry framework, this dynamometry framework has two curb girders and two crossbeams, its characterized in that:

the areas, close to the side beams, of the outer side surfaces at the two ends of each cross beam are provided with high-resolution load identification point areas, the two ends of a first cross beam are respectively provided with a first area and a second area, the two ends of a second cross beam are respectively provided with a third area and a fourth area, the first area and the third area are close to the same side beam, and the second area and the fourth area are both close to the other side beam;

at least one strain gauge is pasted on each high-resolution load identification point area; and (2) weighing: the strain gauge on the first area is a first strain gauge, the strain gauge on the second area is a second strain gauge, the strain gauge on the third area is a third strain gauge, and the strain gauge on the fourth area is a fourth strain gauge; a first strain gauge, a second strain gauge, a third strain gauge and a fourth strain gauge form a full-bridge circuit structure;

in the full-bridge circuit structure, the first strain gauge and the second strain gauge form an adjacent arm, the third strain gauge and the fourth strain gauge form an adjacent arm, the first strain gauge and the third strain gauge form an arm pair, and the second strain gauge and the fourth strain gauge form an arm pair.

The longitudinal diamond load test structure of the dynamometric framework is characterized in that: the first area to the fourth area do not exceed the equipment mounting seat on the cross beam closest to the side beam.

The longitudinal diamond load test structure of the dynamometric framework is characterized in that: at least one set of alternate full bridge circuit configurations is arranged.

A method for manufacturing a longitudinal diamond load test structure of a dynamometric framework, the dynamometric framework is provided with two side beams and two cross beams, and the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) high-resolution load identification point areas are defined in areas, close to the side beams, of the outer side faces of the two ends of each cross beam, a first area and a second area are respectively arranged at the two ends of a first cross beam, a third area and a fourth area are respectively arranged at the two ends of a second cross beam, the first area and the third area are close to the same side beam, and the second area and the fourth area are close to the other side beam;

(2) adhering a plurality of strain gauges to each high-resolution load identification point area; and (2) weighing: the strain gauge on the first area is a first strain gauge, the strain gauge on the second area is a second strain gauge, the strain gauge on the third area is a third strain gauge, and the strain gauge on the fourth area is a fourth strain gauge; any one first strain gauge, any one second strain gauge, any one third strain gauge and any one fourth strain gauge can form a group of full-bridge circuit structures;

in each full-bridge circuit structure, a first strain gauge and a second strain gauge form an adjacent arm, a third strain gauge and a fourth strain gauge form an adjacent arm, the first strain gauge and the third strain gauge form an arm pair, and the second strain gauge and the fourth strain gauge form an arm pair;

(3) the method comprises the following steps that static calibration is carried out on a framework structure attached with strain gauges on a multichannel loading force measurement framework calibration test bed, decoupling calculation is carried out on each full-bridge circuit structure one by one, and one or more groups of bridge structures with the highest mutual decoupling precision or one or more groups of bridge structures meeting the decoupling precision requirement are found;

(4) and finishing the manufacture of the force measuring framework according to the finally determined bridge combination structure.

The manufacturing method of the longitudinal diamond load testing structure of the force measuring framework comprises the following steps: the first area to the fourth area do not exceed the equipment mounting seat on the cross beam closest to the side beam.

The manufacturing method of the longitudinal diamond load testing structure of the force measuring framework comprises the following steps: in the step (4), at least one group of standby bridge structures is arranged at each corner of the force measuring frame.

According to the stress characteristic of the H-shaped/U-shaped bogie frame, the strain gauge is adhered to the outer side face of the beam of the frame, which is close to the joint of the beam and the side beam, a full-bridge circuit is formed, and the longitudinal diamond load of the whole frame is directly tested. The invention enables the longitudinal diamond-shaped force system of the whole framework to have larger response level on the basis of detailed calculation, and simultaneously enables the interference response generated by other force systems to be about two orders of magnitude lower than the test response so as to ensure the decoupling precision of each force system. The bogie force measuring framework ensures the test precision and enables the measured load and the structural strain to present a better quasi-static relation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a load cell frame for a 209P passenger vehicle;

FIG. 1A is a bridge structure diagram of a longitudinal diamond load test structure of a force measuring frame of a 209P-type passenger car;

fig. 2 and 3 are strain gauge pasting areas of a load measuring frame longitudinal diamond load testing structure of a 209P type passenger car.

FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a CW-2000 type metro force measuring frame;

FIG. 4A is a bridge structure diagram of a longitudinal diamond load test structure of a CW-2000 type metro force measurement frame;

fig. 5 and 6 are strain gauge pasting areas of a CW-2000 type subway dynamometric framework longitudinal diamond load testing structure.

Description of reference numerals: 1-a first strain gauge; 2-a second strain gage; 3-a third strain gauge; 4-a fourth strain gage; q1-azimuth; q2-dihedral; q3-three position angle; q4-four azimuth; 51-a spring cap cylinder; 71. 72-a cross beam; 73. 74-side beam; s1-first region, S2-second region, S3-third region, S4-fourth region; k-equipment mounting base; a-line of symmetry.

Detailed Description

The manufacturing method of the bogie force measuring frame is described by combining the accompanying drawings as follows:

(1) a finite element model of the rotating arm type force measuring framework is established by adopting a finite element method, a simulation load is applied to the framework structure, a strain bridging mode is designed on the framework aiming at a vertical load force system, and a high-separation-degree load identification point area of the force measuring framework is determined.

In the step (1), the specific process and step of searching the high-resolution load identification point region on the frame do not fall within the scope of the present invention, nor do they affect the use of the present invention by the public for load testing, and therefore, the present invention is not described in detail.

A typical swing-arm dynamometric frame as shown in fig. 1 (taking a 209P-type passenger car dynamometric frame as an example) has two cross members 71, 72 and two side members 73, 74, and the two ends of the two side members 73, 74 form four corners of the dynamometric frame, which are designated as a first-position angle Q1, a second-position angle Q2, a third-position angle Q3 and a fourth-position angle Q4, respectively.

The invention can confirm that: the areas of the outer side surfaces (the side away from the frame center line a, the same below) of both ends of each cross member 71, 72 close to the side members 73, 74 have high-separation load identification point areas, and for convenience of description, the first cross member 71 is said to have a first area S1 and a second area S2 at both ends thereof, and the second cross member 72 is said to have a third area S3 and a fourth area S4 at both ends thereof, wherein the first area S1 and the third area S3 are close to the same side member 73, and the second area S2 and the fourth area S4 are close to the other side member 74.

More specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, none of the first region S1 through the fourth region S4 exceeds the device mount K on the cross members 71, 72 closest to the side members 73, 74.

(2) Adhering a plurality of strain gauges to each high-resolution load identification point area; weighing: the strain gauge in the first region S1 is the first strain gauge 1, the strain gauge in the second region S2 is the second strain gauge 2, the strain gauge in the third region S3 is the third strain gauge 3, and the strain gauge in the fourth region S4 is the fourth strain gauge 4; since the number of the first strain gauge 1, the second strain gauge 2, the third strain gauge 3 and the fourth strain gauge 4 is plural, a group of full-bridge circuit structures can be formed by any one of the first strain gauge 1, any one of the second strain gauge 2, any one of the third strain gauge 3 and any one of the fourth strain gauge 4; as shown in fig. 1A, in each full-bridge circuit structure, a first strain gauge 1 and a second strain gauge 2 form an adjacent arm, a third strain gauge 3 and a fourth strain gauge 4 form an adjacent arm, the first strain gauge 1 and the third strain gauge 3 form a paired arm, and the second strain gauge 2 and the fourth strain gauge 4 form a paired arm;

(3) the framework structure adhered with the strain gauge is statically calibrated on a calibration test bed special for a multichannel loading force measurement framework, each full-bridge circuit structure is subjected to decoupling calculation one by one, and one or more groups of bridge structures with highest mutual decoupling precision or one or more groups of bridge structures meeting the decoupling precision requirement are found;

the decoupling accuracy refers to the response capability of the full-bridge circuit output to the tested force system, and the influence capability of other disturbance force systems (such as a transverse load force system) on the tested force system on the full-bridge circuit. The decoupling precision is high, which means that the full-bridge circuit has high response to the tested force system and is slightly influenced by the interference force system.

(4) Finishing the manufacture of the force measuring framework according to the finally determined bridge combination structure; namely, removing the redundant strain gauge, and if necessary, sticking the strain gauge again at the determined strain gauge sticking position; at least one set of alternate bridge structures is arranged, if desired.

Referring to fig. 4, 4A, 5 and 6, the structure and method of the present invention applied to a CW-2000 trailer dynamometric frame (another typical dynamometric frame) are the same as those of the previous embodiment, and are not repeated herein.

Therefore, the longitudinal diamond load testing structure of the dynamometric framework and the manufacturing method thereof provided by the invention can be applied to any rotating arm type dynamometric framework.