阅读说明：本技术 一种适合桥面防治冰雪的碳纤维发热线及其布设方法 (Carbon fiber heating wire suitable for preventing and treating ice and snow on bridge floor and laying method thereof ) 是由 张恺 李荣清 仇新成 邹秀宝 于 2019-09-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种适合桥面防治冰雪的碳纤维发热线及其布设方法,包括碳纤维发热体、包覆在碳纤维发热体外的绝缘层,套设在绝缘层外的绝缘阻燃层,套设在绝缘阻燃层的PVC护套,碳纤维发热体由金属导线组成,该金属导线与电源线连接,所述绝缘层包括内绝缘层,外绝缘层,所述内绝缘层分为两层,第一层为玻璃纤维编织层、第二层为云母带编织层；碳纤维发热线在桥面铺装层中的布设高度分别设为13cm、15cm,布设间距为5cm、10cm,环境温度为-2℃,风速为2级,平均速度为2.5m/s,冰层厚度为5cm。(The invention discloses a carbon fiber heating wire suitable for preventing and treating ice and snow on a bridge deck and a laying method thereof, wherein the carbon fiber heating wire comprises a carbon fiber heating body, an insulating layer coated outside the carbon fiber heating body, an insulating flame-retardant layer sleeved outside the insulating layer, and a PVC sheath sleeved on the insulating flame-retardant layer, wherein the carbon fiber heating body is composed of a metal conducting wire, the metal conducting wire is connected with a power line, the insulating layer comprises an inner insulating layer and an outer insulating layer, the inner insulating layer is divided into two layers, the first layer is a glass fiber woven layer, and the second layer is a; the laying height of the carbon fiber heating wire in the bridge deck pavement layer is respectively set to be 13cm and 15cm, the laying distance is 5cm and 10cm, the ambient temperature is-2 ℃, the wind speed is 2 levels, the average speed is 2.5m/s, and the thickness of the ice layer is 5 cm.)

1. The utility model provides a carbon fiber heating wire that is fit for bridge floor prevention and cure ice and snow, its characterized in that, carbon fiber heating wire includes carbon fiber heating element, cladding insulating layer outside carbon fiber heating element, and the insulating fire-retardant layer outside the insulating layer is established to the cover, establishes the PVC sheath on insulating fire-retardant layer, and carbon fiber heating element comprises wire, and this wire is connected with the power cord, the insulating layer includes internal insulation layer, external insulation layer, the internal insulation layer divide into two-layerly, and the first layer is glass fiber weaving layer, second floor for mica tape weaving layer.

2. The carbon fiber heating wire suitable for preventing and treating ice and snow on a bridge deck as claimed in claim 1, wherein the insulating layer is made of one of glass fiber braided layer, mica tape braided layer, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyfluorinated ethylene propylene and fluororubber, the carbon fiber heating wire is divided into four types of 3000 monofilaments, 6000 monofilaments, 12000 monofilaments and 24000 monofilaments according to the number of the carbon fiber monofilaments on the cross section, and the resistances of the carbon fiber heating wire are 140 Ω/m, 70 Ω/m, 31 Ω/m and 17 Ω/m respectively.

3. The carbon fiber heating wire suitable for preventing and treating ice and snow on a bridge floor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the insulating flame-retardant layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-85 parts of polyethylene, 10-15 parts of chlorinated ethylene propylene diene monomer, 5-10 parts of a flame retardant, 0.3-0.6 part of 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 0.1-0.3 part of docosahexenyl ester, 0.1-0.5 part of butyl stearate, 0.2-0.4 part of oleamide, 0.1-0.5 part of ethylene bis stearamide, 0.4-1.5 parts of an ultraviolet absorbent, 2-6 parts of talcum powder and 0.1-1.2 parts of molybdenum disulfide.

4. The carbon fiber heating wire suitable for preventing and treating ice and snow on a bridge deck according to claim 1, wherein the carbon fiber heating wire cold and hot conducting wire joint treatment method adopts one of a cold connection mode and a mode of integrating a cold wire and a cold wire.

5. The carbon fiber heating wire is characterized in that the laying height of the carbon fiber heating wire in a bridge deck pavement layer is respectively set to be 13-15 cm, the laying interval is 5-10 cm, the ambient temperature is-2 ℃, the wind speed is 2 levels, the average speed is 2.5m/s, the thickness of an ice layer is 5cm, the carbon fiber heating wire is bound on a reinforcing steel bar net according to the U-shaped trend by adopting a binding wire, the carbon fiber heating wire is preferably arranged on the side face or the bottom of the reinforcing steel bar, the binding interval is not more than 20cm, and the minimum bending radius is 5 times of the diameter of the heating wire, and the method comprises the following steps:

1) the test piece for the indoor test adopts a concrete slab with the side length of 50cm and the height of 19cm, the structure of the concrete slab is the same as that of a bridge deck pavement layer, a plurality of resistance type temperature sensors are embedded in the concrete slab, and the surfaces of the concrete slab except the upper surface are all wrapped with polystyrene foam plastic plates;

2) before heating, firstly, freezing the test piece in a refrigeration house at-2 ℃ for more than 15 hours to ensure that the internal temperature of the test piece is all up to-2 ℃, and adjusting the distance between an electric fan and the test piece by adopting a multi-gear wind speed adjustable electric fan to ensure that the wind level on the surface of the test piece is up to 2 level;

3) the ice layer is electrified and heated after being formed, and the external environmental condition is kept unchanged all the time in the heating process;

4) the relation between the laying height of the carbon fiber heating wire and the concrete temperature rise is analyzed by adopting a one-factor variance analysis method, and before variance analysis, the homogeneity of variance is tested by social scientific statistical software (SPSS) to determine that the experimental data meets the variance analysis condition.

6. The carbon fiber heating wire suitable for preventing and treating ice and snow on a bridge deck and the laying method thereof as claimed in claim 5, wherein the resistance temperature sensors in the step 1) are respectively positioned at the top center of the cement concrete pavement layer and the top center of the asphalt concrete lower surface layer, and the concrete plate structure is in the form of 10cm C50 cement concrete +6cm AC-20 asphalt concrete lower surface layer +4cm SMA-13 asphalt concrete upper surface layer.

7. The carbon fiber heating wire suitable for preventing and treating ice and snow on a bridge deck and the laying method thereof as claimed in claim 5, wherein an electronic multimeter is adopted to measure the resistance value of the resistance type temperature sensor embedded in the test piece every 30 minutes in the step 2), and the resistance value can be converted into a corresponding temperature value through a 2K thermistor resistance value temperature comparison table.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of bridge deck ice and snow prevention, in particular to a carbon fiber heating wire suitable for preventing ice and snow on a bridge deck and a laying method thereof.

Background

Transportation is the life line of human civilization, is an important component of an infrastructure supporting economic growth, and is the life line of national economy in China. The highway is one of the important components of the transportation facility, and the construction and normal operation of the highway and the urban bridge play a significant role in the development of the whole national economy. Along with the rapid development of the economy of China, the construction and development of highways and urban roads are rapid. The total mileage of the highway vehicles all over the country in 2015 is 457.7 kilometers, wherein the construction achievement of the highway attracts attention, and the development of the highway in China achieves zero breakthrough of the highway in China from the construction and traffic of the first highway in 1988 to the end of 2015, and the total mileage of the highway vehicles reaches 12.5 kilometers, which exceeds the first mileage of the leaping of the United states.

The damage coefficient of the vehicle can be increased by the ice and snow, and the friction between the wheels and the road surface is reduced due to the accumulation of the ice and snow on the road surface due to the road condition changed by the ice and snow. The accumulated snow on the road surface can also influence the running speed of the vehicle, even cause traffic jam and seriously influence the transportation efficiency. Meanwhile, the braking distance of the automobile is also lengthened, and if the automobile speed is too fast and the turning is too fast, traffic accidents can happen. Research in the United states indicates that 5.86 vehicle collisions and scratch accidents occur per kilometer in snowy weather in the same period; in the weather without snow, the collision and scratch accidents of the vehicles are only 0.41 per million of vehicles per kilometer, and the difference between the two accidents is more than 13 times. Bridges and tunnels are the throats of roads, which are more prone to traffic accidents when snowing and any accident can cause a serious and serious accident. Data show that the proportion of tunnel traffic accidents in south and north China in winter is about 45%. Therefore, roads, bridges and tunnels need to be paid sufficient attention to remove snow.

The carbon fiber is a novel high-performance fiber reinforced material and has a plurality of excellent performances such as high strength, high modulus, high temperature resistance, wear resistance, fatigue resistance, corrosion resistance, creep resistance, electric conduction, heat conduction and the like. The carbon fiber used as the electrothermal body has many excellent performances which are incomparable with those of metal, PTC and other electrothermal bodies. The carbon fiber heating body is a pure black material, so the carbon fiber heating body has the characteristics of rapid temperature rise, small thermal lag, uniform heating, long thermal radiation transfer distance, high heat exchange speed and the like; the luminous flux is far less than that of an electric heating tube of a metal heating body in the working process, the electric-heat conversion efficiency is up to more than 98 percent and is improved by 30 percent compared with metal heating; the carbon fiber has high tensile strength, and the strength of the carbon fiber is doubled compared with that of a metal wire under the same allowable current load area, so that the carbon fiber cannot be broken in the using process, the tensile strength is not changed in the electric heating process, the broken wire cannot be subjected to arcing, and the occurrence of fire disasters is effectively avoided; the volume is small, the weight is light, the weight of the component is effectively reduced, and the technical performance and chemical performance of the component are improved; the cable is stable and corrosion-resistant, is not easy to oxidize, is heated to 3000 ℃ in an oxygen-free state, has no change in mechanical property, and overcomes the defects of low strength and easy oxidation and burning of metal wires and silicon carbide electrothermal bodies in an electrothermal state; the service life is long, and the service life of the carbon fiber heating body is the same as that of the building.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a carbon fiber heating wire suitable for preventing and treating ice and snow on a bridge floor and a laying method thereof.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a be fit for carbon fiber heating wire of bridge floor prevention and cure ice and snow, carbon fiber heating wire includes carbon fiber heat-generating body, cladding insulating layer outside the carbon fiber heat-generating body, and the insulating fire-retardant layer outside the insulating layer is established to the cover, establishes the PVC sheath on insulating fire-retardant layer, and the carbon fiber heat-generating body comprises the metal conductor, and this metal conductor is connected with the power cord, the insulating layer includes the internal insulation layer, and the external insulation layer, the internal insulation layer divide into two-layerly, and the first layer is the glass fiber weaving layer, and the second floor.

Furthermore, the insulating layer adopts one of the following materials, glass fiber braided layer, mica tape braided layer, polytetrafluoroethylene, fluorinated ethylene propylene and fluororubber, the carbon fiber heating wire is divided into 3000 monofilaments, 6000 monofilaments, 12000 monofilaments and 24000 monofilaments according to the number of the carbon fiber monofilaments on the cross section, and the resistances of the carbon fiber heating wire are 140 Ω/m, 70 Ω/m, 31 Ω/m and 17 Ω/m respectively.

Further, the insulating protective layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: the insulating flame-retardant layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-85 parts of polyethylene, 10-15 parts of chlorinated ethylene propylene diene monomer, 5-10 parts of a flame retardant, 0.3-0.6 part of 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 0.1-0.3 part of docosanol ester, 0.1-0.5 part of butyl stearate, 0.2-0.4 part of oleamide, 0.1-0.5 part of ethylene bis stearamide, 0.4-1.5 parts of an ultraviolet absorbent, 2-6 parts of talcum powder and 0.1-1.2 parts of molybdenum disulfide.

Furthermore, the carbon fiber heating wire cold and hot wire joint processing method adopts one of cold joint modes and integrates a cold wire and a cold wire into a whole.

A carbon fiber heating wire suitable for bridge deck ice and snow prevention and a laying method thereof are disclosed, the laying height of the carbon fiber heating wire in a bridge deck pavement layer is respectively set to be 13cm and 15cm, the laying interval is 5cm and 10cm, the ambient temperature is-2 ℃, the wind speed is 2 levels, the average speed is 2.5m/s, the thickness of an ice layer is 5cm, a binding wire is adopted to bind the carbon fiber heating wire on a reinforcing steel bar net according to the U-shaped trend, the carbon fiber heating wire is preferably arranged on the side surface or the bottom of the reinforcing steel bar, the binding interval is not more than 20cm, the minimum bending radius is 5 times of the diameter of the heating wire, and the method comprises the following steps:

1) the test piece for indoor test adopts a concrete slab with the side length of 50cm and the height of 19cm, the structure of the concrete slab is the same as that of a bridge deck paving layer, a plurality of resistance type temperature sensors are buried in the concrete slab, and the surfaces of the concrete slab except the upper surface are all wrapped with polystyrene foam plastic plates;

2) before heating, firstly, freezing the test piece in a refrigeration house at-2 ℃ for more than 15 hours to ensure that the internal temperature of the test piece is all up to-2 ℃, and adjusting the distance between an electric fan and the test piece by adopting a multi-gear wind speed adjustable electric fan to ensure that the wind level on the surface of the test piece is up to 2 level;

3) the ice layer is electrified and heated after being formed, and the external environmental condition is kept unchanged all the time in the heating process;

4) a relation between the arrangement height of the carbon fiber heating wire and the concrete temperature rise is analyzed by adopting a one-factor variance analysis method, and before variance analysis, a homogeneity test of variance is carried out through social scientific statistical software (SPSS), so that the experimental data meets the variance analysis condition.

Further, the resistance type temperature sensors in the step 1) are respectively positioned at the center of the top of the cement concrete pavement layer and the center of the top of the asphalt concrete lower surface layer, and the concrete plate structure is in the form of 10cm C50 cement concrete +6cm AC-20 asphalt concrete lower surface layer +4cm SMA-13 asphalt concrete upper surface layer.

Further, in the step 2), the resistance value of the resistance type temperature sensor embedded in the test piece is measured by using an electronic multimeter every 30 minutes, and the resistance value can be converted into a corresponding temperature value through a 2K thermistor resistance value temperature comparison table.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: 1) carbon fiber heating materials suitable for melting snow and ice on the bridge deck are optimized; 2) the bridge floor adopts a heating method of a built-in carbon fiber heating wire to play a better role in snow melting and ice melting under the cold condition in winter.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a carbon fiber heating wire of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a test piece molding structure of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the temperature rise curve inside the test piece with different layout heights according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of ANIVA ANVARIATION for a 13cm height and a 15cm height according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the temperature rise inside the test piece of the present invention arranged at a distance of 10 cm.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of ANIVA analysis of variance with 10cm spacing for the inventive arrangement.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the temperature rise curve inside the test piece under the environment of-6 ℃ in the present invention.

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the ANIVA ANVARIATION of figure 7.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the temperature rise curve of the test piece in a windless environment.

Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the ANIVA ANVARIATION of figure 9.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in detail below so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, and thus the scope of the present invention can be clearly and clearly defined.

The utility model provides a be fit for carbon fiber heating wire of bridge floor prevention and cure ice and snow, carbon fiber heating wire includes that carbon fiber heating body, cladding are at the outer insulating layer of carbon fiber heating body, and the cover is established on the fire-retardant layer of insulating layer outside the insulating layer, and the PVC sheath on the fire-retardant layer of insulating is established to the cover, and carbon fiber heating body comprises wire, and this wire is connected with the power cord, the insulating layer includes internal insulation layer, external insulation layer, internal insulation layer divide into two-layerly, and the first layer is glass fiber weaving layer, second floor for mica tape weaving layer.

Furthermore, the insulating layer adopts one of the following materials, glass fiber braided layer, mica tape braided layer, polytetrafluoroethylene, fluorinated ethylene propylene and fluororubber, the carbon fiber heating wire is divided into 3000 monofilaments, 6000 monofilaments, 12000 monofilaments and 24000 monofilaments according to the number of the carbon fiber monofilaments on the cross section, and the resistances of the carbon fiber heating wire are 140 Ω/m, 70 Ω/m, 31 Ω/m and 17 Ω/m respectively.

Further, the insulating protective layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: the insulating flame-retardant layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-85 parts of polyethylene, 10-15 parts of chlorinated ethylene propylene diene monomer, 5-10 parts of a flame retardant, 0.3-0.6 part of 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 0.1-0.3 part of docosanol ester, 0.1-0.5 part of butyl stearate, 0.2-0.4 part of oleamide, 0.1-0.5 part of ethylene bis stearamide, 0.4-1.5 parts of an ultraviolet absorbent, 2-6 parts of talcum powder and 0.1-1.2 parts of molybdenum disulfide.

Furthermore, the carbon fiber heating wire cold and hot wire joint processing method adopts one of cold joint modes and integrates a cold wire and a cold wire into a whole.

A carbon fiber heating wire suitable for bridge deck ice and snow prevention and a laying method thereof are disclosed, the laying height of the carbon fiber heating wire in a bridge deck pavement layer is respectively set to be 13cm and 15cm, the laying interval is 5cm and 10cm, the ambient temperature is-2 ℃, the wind speed is 2 levels, the average speed is 2.5m/s, the thickness of an ice layer is 5cm, a binding wire is adopted to bind the carbon fiber heating wire on a reinforcing steel bar net according to the U-shaped trend, the carbon fiber heating wire is preferably arranged on the side surface or the bottom of the reinforcing steel bar, the binding interval is not more than 20cm, the minimum bending radius is 5 times of the diameter of the heating wire, and the method comprises the following steps:

1) the test piece for indoor test adopts a concrete slab with the side length of 50cm and the height of 19cm, the structure of the concrete slab is the same as that of a bridge deck paving layer, a plurality of resistance type temperature sensors are buried in the concrete slab, and the surfaces of the concrete slab except the upper surface are all wrapped with polystyrene foam plastic plates;

2) before heating, firstly, freezing the test piece in a refrigeration house at-2 ℃ for more than 15 hours to ensure that the internal temperature of the test piece is all up to-2 ℃, and adjusting the distance between an electric fan and the test piece by adopting a multi-gear wind speed adjustable electric fan to ensure that the wind level on the surface of the test piece is up to 2 level;

3) the ice layer is electrified and heated after being formed, and the external environmental condition is kept unchanged all the time in the heating process;

4) a relation between the arrangement height of the carbon fiber heating wire and the concrete temperature rise is analyzed by adopting a one-factor variance analysis method, and before variance analysis, a homogeneity test of variance is carried out through social scientific statistical software (SPSS), so that the experimental data meets the variance analysis condition.

Further, the resistance type temperature sensors in the step 1) are respectively positioned at the center of the top of the cement concrete pavement layer and the center of the top of the asphalt concrete lower surface layer, and the concrete plate structure is in the form of 10cm C50 cement concrete +6cm AC-20 asphalt concrete lower surface layer +4cm SMA-13 asphalt concrete upper surface layer.

Further, in the step 2), the resistance value of the resistance type temperature sensor embedded in the test piece is measured by using an electronic multimeter every 30 minutes, and the resistance value can be converted into a corresponding temperature value through a 2K thermistor resistance value temperature comparison table.

In order to ensure the accuracy of the test result, instruments used in the test are calibrated and tested before use, and the instruments and equipment used in the test mainly comprise a JMZX-300X comprehensive tester, a JMT-36B temperature sensor, a digital multimeter, a wind speed tester, a refrigeration house and the like. The JMZX-300X comprehensive tester is a portable intelligent multifunctional tester, can continuously and automatically measure the temperature of a temperature sensor, can store the measurement result of each time, and uploads the measurement result to a computer through a serial port to establish a measurement database, wherein the temperature measurement range is-40 ℃ to 125 ℃, and the temperature precision is +/-0.5 ℃. The JMT-36B temperature sensor is a semiconductor resistance type temperature sensor, is suitable for temperature monitoring in various occasions, is suitable for long-term monitoring and automatic measurement, has excellent performances of high precision, high stability, high reliability and the like, and has the temperature measurement range of-20-120 ℃ and the sensitivity of 0.1 ℃. The temperature range of the environment of the cold storage is-25 ℃ to 0 ℃. All equipment has been calibrated.

The size of the test piece is 50cm multiplied by 20cm, and the whole forming process is finished in a special standard die. When the cement concrete structure is formed, a reinforcing mesh which binds the carbon fiber heating wire in advance according to a certain arrangement method is arranged in the cement concrete structure. After standard curing for 7 days, spreading a proper amount of binding oil on a cement concrete slab, attaching a resistance type temperature sensor for monitoring the internal temperature of a test piece to the center of the cement concrete slab, forming an AC-20 asphalt concrete lower surface layer, spreading a proper amount of binding oil on the asphalt concrete lower surface layer, attaching a temperature sensor, and finally forming an SMA-13 asphalt concrete upper surface layer. 3 groups of test pieces are respectively formed according to different arrangement modes of the carbon fiber heating wires.

Without being limited thereto, any changes or substitutions that are not thought of through the inventive work should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope defined by the claims.