阅读说明：本技术 一种用于测流的超声传感器布置方法 (Ultrasonic sensor arrangement method for flow measurement ) 是由 张力新 陈辉 严学智 朱向娜 李德海 冯宪奎 张勇 杜长征 于 2019-09-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种用于测流的超声传感器布置方法,属于超声测流和传感器技术领域。技术方案是：一个上游侧超声传感器在其波束宽度范围内与多个下游侧超声传感器匹配,一个下游侧超声传感器在其波束宽度范围内与多个上游侧超声传感器匹配,多个上游侧超声传感器与多个下游侧超声传感器相互匹配,发射和接收超声波,形成的超声测量声路数大于等于该管段体上超声传感器数量总和。本发明大大减少了超声传感器的数量,更有利于提高测量精度。(The invention relates to an arrangement method of ultrasonic sensors for flow measurement, and belongs to the technical field of ultrasonic flow measurement and sensors. The technical scheme is as follows: an upstream side ultrasonic sensor is matched with a plurality of downstream side ultrasonic sensors in the beam width range, a downstream side ultrasonic sensor is matched with a plurality of upstream side ultrasonic sensors in the beam width range, the plurality of upstream side ultrasonic sensors and the plurality of downstream side ultrasonic sensors are matched with each other, ultrasonic waves are transmitted and received, and the number of ultrasonic measurement sound paths is larger than or equal to the sum of the number of the ultrasonic sensors on the pipe section body. The invention greatly reduces the number of the ultrasonic sensors and is more beneficial to improving the measurement precision.)

1. A method of ultrasonic sensor placement for flow measurement, characterized by: a plurality of ultrasonic sensors are arranged on a pipe section body of the ultrasonic flow measuring equipment, and the ultrasonic sensors are divided into an upstream side ultrasonic sensor and a downstream side ultrasonic sensor according to arrangement positions on the pipe section body; the number of the upstream side ultrasonic sensors is equal to that of the downstream side ultrasonic sensors, the upstream side ultrasonic sensors are arranged on the same cross section of the pipe section body, and the downstream side ultrasonic sensors are arranged on the same cross section of the pipe section body; simplifying each ultrasonic sensor on the pipe section body into a point, and sequentially connecting a plurality of upstream side ultrasonic sensors along the circumference of the pipe section body by straight lines to form a regular polygon A; the plurality of downstream side ultrasonic sensors are also sequentially connected along the circumference of the pipe section body to form a regular polygon B which is the same as the regular polygon A, the two polygons are coaxially arranged by taking the center of the pipe section body as an axis, the regular polygon A and the regular polygon B are mutually parallel and rotate by taking the central axis of the pipe section body as a rotating shaft, one upstream side ultrasonic sensor is matched with at least two downstream side ultrasonic sensors in the beam width range of the upstream side ultrasonic sensor, one downstream side ultrasonic sensor is matched with at least two upstream side ultrasonic sensors in the beam width range of the downstream side ultrasonic sensor, the plurality of upstream side ultrasonic sensors are matched with the plurality of downstream side ultrasonic sensors to emit and receive ultrasonic waves, and the number of formed ultrasonic measurement sound paths is larger than or equal to the sum of the number of the ultrasonic sensors.

2. A method of ultrasonic sensor placement for flow measurement according to claim 1, characterized by: the rotating distance of the regular polygon B is half of the side length of the regular polygon B, namely: and a certain point of the regular polygon A is positioned on the midline of the connecting line of two points of the corresponding regular polygon B, and the path lengths of all the formed ultrasonic measurement sound paths are equal.

3. A method of ultrasonic sensor placement for flow measurement according to claim 1, characterized by: the regular polygon B rotates by a certain angle, a certain point (ultrasonic sensor) of the regular polygon A is not positioned on the central line of the connecting line of the two points of the corresponding regular polygon B, and the lengths of all ultrasonic measurement sound paths formed are unequal.

4. A method of ultrasonic sensor arrangement for flow measurement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by: and the transmitting and receiving between the upstream side ultrasonic sensor and the downstream side ultrasonic sensor are realized by adopting a counter-transmitting mode.

5. A method of ultrasonic sensor arrangement for flow measurement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by: the transmitting and receiving between the upstream side ultrasonic sensor and the downstream side ultrasonic sensor are realized in a reflection mode through the inner wall of the pipe section body or a reflector.

6. A method of ultrasonic sensor placement for flow measurement, characterized by: a plurality of ultrasonic sensors are arranged on a pipe section body of the ultrasonic flow measuring equipment, and the ultrasonic sensors are divided into an upstream side ultrasonic sensor and a downstream side ultrasonic sensor according to arrangement positions on the pipe section body; the number of the upstream side ultrasonic sensors is equal to that of the downstream side ultrasonic sensors, the upstream side ultrasonic sensors are arranged on the same cross section of the pipe section body, and the downstream side ultrasonic sensors are arranged on the same cross section of the pipe section body; simplifying each ultrasonic sensor on the pipe section body into a point, and sequentially connecting a plurality of upstream side ultrasonic sensors along the circumference of the pipe section body by straight lines to form a regular polygon A; the downstream side ultrasonic sensors are also sequentially connected along the circumference of the pipe section to form a regular polygon B which is the same as the regular polygon A, the two polygons are coaxially arranged by taking the center of the pipe section as an axis, the regular polygon A and the regular polygon B are parallel to each other, the identical regular polygon A and the identical regular polygon B are translated along the central axis of the pipe section and do not rotate, one upstream side ultrasonic sensor is matched with at least two downstream side ultrasonic sensors in the beam width range of the upstream side ultrasonic sensor, one downstream side ultrasonic sensor is matched with at least two upstream side ultrasonic sensors in the beam width range of the downstream side ultrasonic sensor, the upstream side ultrasonic sensors are matched with the downstream side ultrasonic sensors to emit and receive ultrasonic waves, and the number of formed ultrasonic measurement sound paths is larger than or equal to the sum of the number of the ultrasonic sensors on the pipe section.

7. An ultrasonic sensor placement method for flow measurement according to claim 6, characterized in that: and the transmitting and receiving between the upstream side ultrasonic sensor and the downstream side ultrasonic sensor are realized by adopting a counter-transmitting mode.

8. An ultrasonic sensor placement method for flow measurement according to claim 6, characterized in that: the transmitting and receiving between the upstream side ultrasonic sensor and the downstream side ultrasonic sensor are realized in a reflection mode through the inner wall of the pipe section body or a reflector.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an ultrasonic sensor arrangement method for flow measurement, which can be applied to various ultrasonic flow measurement devices, is used for solving the problems of accurate measurement, adaptation to complex flow state, optimization of multi-sound-path ultrasonic sensor arrangement and the like of various ultrasonic flow measurement devices, and belongs to the technical field of ultrasonic flow measurement and sensors.

Background

Currently, ultrasonic flow measurement equipment mainly comprises an ultrasonic water meter, an ultrasonic heat meter and an ultrasonic flow meter (including liquid and gas flow meters). If the ultrasonic flow measurement equipment is classified according to the number of sound paths formed after the ultrasonic sensors are arranged, the ultrasonic flow measurement equipment can be divided into single sound paths and multiple sound paths (2 sound paths and above); no matter single sound path and multi-sound path ultrasonic flow measurement equipment, the proportional relation between the number of the arranged ultrasonic sensors and the number of the final sound paths is basically 2: the relationship of 1, i.e. each acoustic path is composed of two ultrasonic transducers, is a constant, directly proportional relationship. In order to adapt to the complicated flow state working condition on site and seek high precision measurement requirement, the only method in the prior art is to increase the number of sound paths, for example: from the single sound path to the double sound path and then to the 4 sound path, the 8 sound path, the 18 sound path, etc. Because the number of the sound paths is increased, the proportional relation between the number of the sound paths and the number of the ultrasonic sensors is 1:2, namely the more the number of the sound paths is, the more the ultrasonic sensors are arranged on the ultrasonic flow measurement equipment, and the problems in the prior art are as follows: the ultrasonic flow measuring equipment is provided with a plurality of ultrasonic sensors, and the plurality of ultrasonic sensors are required to be arranged on the same pipe section body, so that the pipe section body with the ultrasonic sensors is more and more complex in structure, more and more strict in processing precision, higher and more high in production cost, higher and more high in assembly requirement on the ultrasonic flow measuring equipment, and more high in difficulty; and the number of sound paths is limited by the pipe diameter of the pipe section body, and under the condition that the size of the ultrasonic sensor is not changed, if the caliber of the pipe section body is smaller, more ultrasonic sensors are arranged on the pipe section body, which is unrealistic.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an ultrasonic sensor arrangement method for flow measurement, which optimizes the arrangement mode of ultrasonic sensors, changes the constant proportional relation between the ultrasonic sensors and the number of sound paths, and realizes that the number of effective sound paths on the same pipe section is more than or equal to the sum of the number of the ultrasonic sensors on the pipe section; the number of the ultrasonic sensors is greatly reduced, the influence of complex flow state on the measurement precision is reduced, and the problems in the prior art are solved.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

an arrangement method of ultrasonic sensors for flow measurement is characterized in that a plurality of ultrasonic sensors are arranged on a pipe section body of an ultrasonic flow measurement device, and the ultrasonic sensors are divided into an upstream side ultrasonic sensor and a downstream side ultrasonic sensor according to arrangement positions on the pipe section body. The number of the upstream side ultrasonic sensors is equal to that of the downstream side ultrasonic sensors, the upstream side ultrasonic sensors are arranged on the same cross section of the pipe section body, and the downstream side ultrasonic sensors are arranged on the same cross section of the pipe section body; simplifying each ultrasonic sensor on the pipe section body into a point, and sequentially connecting a plurality of upstream side ultrasonic sensors along the circumference of the pipe section body by straight lines to form a regular polygon A; the plurality of downstream side ultrasonic sensors are also sequentially connected along the circumference of the pipe section body to form a regular polygon B which is the same as the regular polygon A, the two polygons are coaxially arranged by taking the center of the pipe section body as an axis, the regular polygon A and the regular polygon B are mutually parallel and rotate by taking the central axis of the pipe section body as a rotating shaft, one upstream side ultrasonic sensor is matched with at least two downstream side ultrasonic sensors in the beam width range of the upstream side ultrasonic sensor, one downstream side ultrasonic sensor is matched with at least two upstream side ultrasonic sensors in the beam width range of the downstream side ultrasonic sensor, the plurality of upstream side ultrasonic sensors are matched with the plurality of downstream side ultrasonic sensors to emit and receive ultrasonic waves, and the number of formed ultrasonic measurement sound paths is larger than or equal to the sum of the number of the ultrasonic sensors.

The rotation is that: after the identical regular polygon A and regular polygon B are translated along the central axis of the pipe section body, the regular polygon B rotates along the radial direction of the pipe section body relative to the regular polygon A, and the rotation is carried out by taking the central axis of the pipe section body as a rotating shaft.

The rotation is divided into two cases:

1. the rotating distance of the regular polygon B is half of the side length of the regular polygon B, namely: a certain point (ultrasonic sensor) of the regular polygon A is positioned on the middle line of the connecting line of the two points of the corresponding regular polygon B; in this way, all the ultrasonic measurement sound paths formed are equal in length, and actual detection and software processing are facilitated.

2. The regular polygon B rotates by a certain angle, a certain point (ultrasonic sensor) of the regular polygon A is not positioned on the central line of the connecting line of the two points of the corresponding regular polygon B, and the lengths of all ultrasonic measurement sound paths formed are unequal.

And the transmitting and receiving between the upstream side ultrasonic sensor and the downstream side ultrasonic sensor are realized by adopting a counter-transmitting mode.

The transmitting and receiving between the upstream side ultrasonic sensor and the downstream side ultrasonic sensor are realized in a reflection mode through the inner wall of the pipe section body or a reflector.

An arrangement method of ultrasonic sensors for flow measurement is characterized in that a plurality of ultrasonic sensors are arranged on a pipe section body of an ultrasonic flow measurement device, and the ultrasonic sensors are divided into an upstream side ultrasonic sensor and a downstream side ultrasonic sensor according to arrangement positions on the pipe section body. The number of the upstream side ultrasonic sensors is equal to that of the downstream side ultrasonic sensors, the upstream side ultrasonic sensors are arranged on the same cross section of the pipe section body, and the downstream side ultrasonic sensors are arranged on the same cross section of the pipe section body; simplifying each ultrasonic sensor on the pipe section body into a point, and sequentially connecting a plurality of upstream side ultrasonic sensors along the circumference of the pipe section body by straight lines to form a regular polygon A; the downstream side ultrasonic sensors are also sequentially connected along the circumference of the pipe section to form a regular polygon B which is the same as the regular polygon A, the two polygons are coaxially arranged by taking the center of the pipe section as an axis, the regular polygon A and the regular polygon B are parallel to each other, the identical regular polygon A and the identical regular polygon B are translated along the central axis of the pipe section and do not rotate, one upstream side ultrasonic sensor is matched with at least two downstream side ultrasonic sensors in the beam width range of the upstream side ultrasonic sensor, one downstream side ultrasonic sensor is matched with at least two upstream side ultrasonic sensors in the beam width range of the downstream side ultrasonic sensor, the upstream side ultrasonic sensors are matched with the downstream side ultrasonic sensors to emit and receive ultrasonic waves, and the number of formed ultrasonic measurement sound paths is larger than or equal to the sum of the number of the ultrasonic sensors on the pipe section.

All ultrasonic measurement sound paths formed in the above manner are unequal in length.

And the transmitting and receiving between the upstream side ultrasonic sensor and the downstream side ultrasonic sensor are realized by adopting a counter-transmitting mode.

The transmitting and receiving between the upstream side ultrasonic sensor and the downstream side ultrasonic sensor are realized in a reflection mode through the inner wall of the pipe section body or a reflector.

The invention has the outstanding advantages that: the manufacturing process is simple, the operation is convenient, the difficulty of installation and manufacturing is reduced, and the measurement precision is improved and guaranteed.

The beam width of the ultrasonic sensor, namely the acute angle theta 0, refers to an included angle between first minimum values appearing on two sides of a main beam. The calculation formula is as follows: θ 0=2arc sin (0.61 λ/a) (where λ is the ultrasonic wavelength and a is the radius of the circular piezoceramic wafer).

The transmitting and receiving between the upstream side ultrasonic sensor and the downstream side ultrasonic sensor are realized by adopting a transmitting mode, such as: the Z mode of hair-up. The transmitting and receiving between the upstream side ultrasonic sensor and the downstream side ultrasonic sensor are realized in a reflection mode through the inner wall of the pipe section body or a reflector, for example: reflective V mode.

The invention has the following advantages:

a: the constant proportional relation between the number of sound paths and the ultrasonic sensor is changed. The number of effective sound paths on the same pipe section is larger than or equal to the sum of the number of ultrasonic sensors on the pipe section, the number of the ultrasonic sensors is reduced by times for multi-sound-path flow measuring equipment, and further, the multi-sound-path measurement of a pipeline with a smaller relative caliber is realized.

B: due to the optimization of the arrangement method of the ultrasonic sensors, the formed ultrasonic measurement sound paths are distributed in the measured pipeline in a three-dimensional and crossed manner, flow state distortion is captured more comprehensively, and the effect of mutual compensation of flow speed deviation is achieved. The real flow velocity distribution measurement in the pipeline is more facilitated.

C: the sound path length and the arrangement of each sound path are symmetrical relative to the central axis of the pipe section body, and the sound path length and the arrangement can rotate freely along the central axis of the pipe section body without influencing the measurement of the flow of the measured medium in the pipeline, so that the flexible arrangement of the whole structure of the flow measuring equipment is facilitated.

The ultrasonic sensor arrangement method of the invention ensures that the ultrasonic sensors are flexibly and conveniently arranged, changes the constant quantity ratio relation between the effective sound path number and the ultrasonic sensors, reduces the quantity of the ultrasonic sensors under the condition of ensuring the same effective sound path number, and solves the problem that more sound paths cannot be arranged due to the limitation of the pipe section body caliber; meanwhile, the ultrasonic sensor arrangement method of the invention enables the ultrasonic measurement acoustic paths to be distributed in the measured pipeline in a three-dimensional and crossed manner, and the ultrasonic measurement acoustic paths are completely symmetrical along the axial line of the pipeline section, can rotate freely along the central axis of the pipeline section without influencing the measurement of the flow of the measured medium in the pipeline, more comprehensively captures flow state distortion, achieves the effect of mutual compensation of flow velocity offset, and effectively improves the measurement precision.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art single acoustic path architecture;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of prior art single acoustic path axial direction observation acoustic path propagation;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a prior art multiple sound path architecture;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of prior art multi-acoustic path structure with an axial direction observation acoustic path propagation;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a prior art multiple acoustic path structure II;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the prior art multi-acoustic-path structure two-axial direction observation acoustic path propagation;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; the sensors on the upstream side and the downstream side in the figure are connected and then are in a regular hexagon shape, and the sensors are symmetrically and rotationally arranged along the axis of the pipe section;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; in the schematic view of the embodiment, when the ultrasonic sensor is cut along the propagation surface of a certain sound path, it can be seen that the certain ultrasonic sensor on one side can respectively perform ultrasonic transmission (reception) with two corresponding ultrasonic sensors on the other side, and the lengths of the sound paths are equal;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an axial direction observation acoustic path according to an embodiment of the present invention; in the first embodiment, after projection along the axial direction, each sound path is schematically propagated. It can be seen that the sound paths are arranged in a three-dimensional and crossed manner, and the lengths of the sound paths are equal;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram (regular hexagon) of the propagation formed by simplifying the ultrasonic sensors into points according to the first embodiment; the upstream and downstream ultrasonic sensors of the embodiment symmetrically rotate along the axis of the pipeline section;

FIG. 11 is a schematic line graph (regular hexagon) illustrating the positional relationship of the ultrasonic sensors observed along the axial direction of the pipe segment after the ultrasonic sensors are simplified into points according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram (regular hexagon) of the propagation formed by simplifying the ultrasonic sensors into points according to the second embodiment; in the embodiment, the upstream ultrasonic sensor and the downstream ultrasonic sensor do not rotate along the axis of the pipe section, namely, the downstream ultrasonic sensor is arranged after the upstream ultrasonic sensor moves for a certain distance in parallel along the axis of the pipe section;

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram (regular hexagon) of the positional relationship of the ultrasonic sensors observed along the axial direction of the pipe segment after the ultrasonic sensors are simplified into points according to the arrangement scheme of FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram (regular octagon) of the propagation formed by simplifying the ultrasonic sensors into points according to the third embodiment; the upstream and downstream ultrasonic sensors symmetrically rotate along the axis of the pipeline section;

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram (regular hexagon) of the propagation formed by simplifying the ultrasonic sensors into point-after-point V-mode propagation in the fourth embodiment, wherein the upstream and downstream ultrasonic sensors are symmetrically rotated along the axis of the pipe section;

in the figure: a pipe section body 1 and an ultrasonic sensor 2.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

An ultrasonic sensor arrangement method for flow measurement is characterized in that a plurality of ultrasonic sensors are arranged on a pipe section body of an ultrasonic flow measurement device, the ultrasonic sensors are divided into an upstream side ultrasonic sensor and a downstream side ultrasonic sensor according to arrangement positions on the pipe section body, one upstream side ultrasonic sensor is matched with the plurality of downstream side ultrasonic sensors in the beam width range of the upstream side ultrasonic sensor, one downstream side ultrasonic sensor is matched with the plurality of upstream side ultrasonic sensors in the beam width range of the downstream side ultrasonic sensor, the plurality of upstream side ultrasonic sensors are matched with the plurality of downstream side ultrasonic sensors, ultrasonic waves are transmitted and received, and the number of formed ultrasonic measurement sound paths is larger than or equal to the sum of the number of the ultrasonic sensors on the pipe section body.

Referring to the drawings, fig. 1 and 2 are schematic diagrams of a prior art single sound path structure; the two ultrasonic sensors form a measuring sound path. Fig. 3 and 4 are schematic diagrams of prior art multi-sound-path measurement, wherein the sound path is located on a circular tube for upper chord measurement, 8 sound paths are counted, and 16 ultrasonic sensors are counted. Fig. 5 and 6 are schematic diagrams of prior art multi-acoustic path measurement, acoustic path through-center diameter measurement, 4 acoustic paths, and 8 ultrasonic sensors. The number of prior art measurement acoustic paths cannot be greater than or equal to the number of ultrasonic sensors.