阅读说明：本技术 一种固体粉末制氢剂的制氢方法 (Method for producing hydrogen by using solid powder hydrogen production agent ) 是由 季晴 王建国 王冠荣 金荣钢 于 2019-11-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种通过精制矿粉粉末与清夜发生反应生成氢气的装置和方法,是一种利用工业废料太阳能切割压滤污泥及石英矿粉搅拌制成的固体粉末作为制氢剂与清夜反应的制氢方法,可以应用于车辆等设备上,对于用户来说,只需要定期补充精制矿粉和清夜就可以完成车辆等设备的能源补给,制氢方便、快捷、安全、清洁；并且本发明的制氢成本约为15~18元/kg(即1.3~1.6元/Nm<Sup>3</Sup>)；应用本发明的制氢方法几乎可以淘汰传统意义上的储氢罐；而其能量密度远远高于目前市面上性能较好的高压储氢技术；同时本发明制氢快捷、方便,可免去氢气的长距离运输、氢气加氢站储存和车辆加注等增加氢气使用成本的过程,同时可以杜绝因氢气的运输储存造成的诸多安全隐患。(The invention discloses a device and a method for generating hydrogen by the reaction of refined mineral powder and clear liquid, which is a hydrogen production method by using solid powder prepared by stirring industrial waste solar cutting filter-pressing sludge and quartz mineral powder as a hydrogen production agent to react with the clear liquid, can be applied to vehicles and other equipment, can complete energy supply of the vehicles and other equipment by regularly supplementing the refined mineral powder and the clear liquid for users, is convenient, quick, safe and clean in hydrogen production, and has the hydrogen production cost of about 15 ~ 18 yuan/kg (namely 1.3 ~ 1.6 yuan/Nm) 3 ) (ii) a The hydrogen production method of the invention can almost eliminate the traditional hydrogen storage tank; the energy density is far higher than that of the high-pressure hydrogen storage technology with better performance on the market at present; meanwhile, the invention has the advantages of rapid and convenient hydrogen production, and can avoid long-distance transportation and hydrogen hydrogenation of hydrogenThe process of increasing the use cost of hydrogen such as station storage and vehicle filling can stop simultaneously and store a great deal of potential safety hazard that causes because of the transportation of hydrogen.)

1. A method for producing hydrogen by using solid powder hydrogen production agent is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step one, fully stirring refined mineral powder, an additive and a catalyst in a stirring kettle to obtain a solid material;

putting the solid material into a hydrogen production reaction kettle, and obtaining a clear solution according to the weight ratio: 1, carrying out hydrogen production reaction on the solid material, wherein the solid material is (5-20): 1;

step three, after the hydrogen production reaction in the step two is finished, connecting a concentration filter to concentrate and separate the catalyst, and cleaning water according to the weight ratio: catalyst powder 1: (0.5-2.5%) and carrying out cleaning regeneration, treating the cleaned and regenerated catalyst, and returning the treated catalyst to the hydrogen production reaction kettle;

step four, adding acid into the concentrated solution obtained in the step three into a neutralization kettle to adjust the pH value to 6-7, standing for more than 3 hours for precipitation, and performing solid-liquid separation by using a filter press to obtain a white carbon black filter pressing material;

step five, drying the white carbon black filter-pressed material to obtain a white carbon black precipitated powder body, inspecting the white carbon black precipitated powder body, weighing and packaging by a packaging machine;

and step six, after the hydrogen generated in the hydrogen production reaction kettle is connected into a purification buffer tank through a pipeline, the hydrogen is connected into a gas storage tank through a pipeline and is used as a hydrogen source.

2. The method for producing hydrogen by using the solid powder hydrogen production agent according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the refined mineral powder is prepared by stirring solar cutting filter-pressing sludge and quartz mineral powder.

3. The method for producing hydrogen by using the solid powder hydrogen production agent according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the ratio of the solar cutting filter pressing sludge of the refined mineral powder to the quartz mineral powder is 2: 3, the water content of the refined mineral powder is less than or equal to 10 percent.

4. The method for producing hydrogen by using the solid powder hydrogen production agent according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the additive is sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide.

5. The method for producing hydrogen by using the solid powder hydrogen production agent according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the catalyst is prepared by mixing platinum, nickel and high-purity carbon powder through a cross-linking agent.

6. The method for producing hydrogen from a solid powder hydrogen production agent according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: the catalyst comprises 3-5% of platinum, 20-40% of nickel, high-purity carbon powder and a cross-linking agent in parts by weight: 30% -60%: 15% -30%, the cross-linking agent is a non-polar high-molecular polymer material;

the preparation method of the catalyst comprises the following steps: heating the nonpolar high polymer material to a molten state, mixing platinum, nickel, high-purity carbon powder and the nonpolar high polymer material according to the proportion, cooling and standing the mixture to be solid after uniform mixing, and crushing the solid into powder to obtain the catalyst.

7. The method for producing hydrogen by using the solid powder hydrogen production agent according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the process conditions of the hydrogen production reaction in the step two are as follows: the reaction time is controlled to be 3-5h, the reaction temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the PH value is 10.5-11.5.

8. The method for producing hydrogen by using the solid powder hydrogen production agent according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the clear liquid is clear water or alkaline acid, and the weight concentration of the alkaline solution is not more than 10 wt%.

9. The method for producing hydrogen by using the solid powder hydrogen production agent according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the concentration filter is an HNS high-efficiency concentration filter.

10. The method for producing hydrogen by using the solid powder hydrogen production agent according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the drying process conditions in the step five are as follows: the drying temperature is 50-200 ℃, the drying time is 2-12 h, and the water content of the dried solid is less than or equal to 5 wt%.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production, in particular to a method for producing hydrogen by using a solid powder hydrogen production agent.

Background

At present, several main modes for preparing hydrogen comprise water gas hydrogen production, petroleum and natural gas steam reforming hydrogen production, water electrolysis hydrogen production and the like, wherein the water gas hydrogen production has the lowest cost and large applicable scale, but the carbon dioxide emission is the highest, the sulfur content of the produced hydrogen is high, if the hydrogen is used for a fuel cell, the catalyst poisoning of the fuel cell can be caused, if a desulfurizing device is used for processing the produced hydrogen, the extra cost is increased, the requirement on the technical standard is also high, and the cost of the petroleum and natural gas steam reforming hydrogen production is inferior and is about 0.7 ~ 1.6.6 yuan/Nm³The energy conversion rate is as high as more than 72%, but the environmental protection is not strong, and the carbon emission can be reduced by a carbon capture technology in the future; the hydrogen production by the water electrolysis method can be developed into a main flow route of a hydrogen source in the future, but the current technology is not mature.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a hydrogen production method by using industrial waste as a solid powder hydrogen production agent.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

a method for producing hydrogen by using solid powder hydrogen production agent comprises the following steps:

step one, fully stirring refined mineral powder, an additive and a catalyst in a stirring kettle to obtain a solid material;

putting the solid material into a hydrogen production reaction kettle, and obtaining a clear solution according to the weight ratio: 1, carrying out hydrogen production reaction on the solid material, wherein the solid material is (5-20): 1;

step three, after the hydrogen production reaction in the step two is finished, connecting a concentration filter to concentrate and separate the catalyst, and cleaning water according to the weight ratio: catalyst powder 1: (0.5-2.5%) and carrying out cleaning regeneration, treating the cleaned and regenerated catalyst, and returning the treated catalyst to the hydrogen production reaction kettle;

step four, adding acid into the concentrated solution obtained in the step three into a neutralization kettle to adjust the pH value to 6-7, standing for more than 3 hours for precipitation, and performing solid-liquid separation by using a filter press to obtain a white carbon black filter pressing material;

step five, drying the white carbon black filter-pressed material to obtain a white carbon black precipitated powder body, inspecting the white carbon black precipitated powder body, weighing and packaging by a packaging machine;

and sixthly, connecting the hydrogen generated in the hydrogen production reaction kettle into a purification buffer tank through a pipeline, then connecting the hydrogen into a gas storage tank through a pipeline to be used as a hydrogen source, wherein the purity of the hydrogen can reach 99%, and adding PSA adsorption equipment and a high-pressure gas compressor for further treatment if further purification or high-pressure filling is required.

Further, the refined mineral powder is prepared by cutting filter-pressing sludge and quartz mineral powder by solar energy and stirring.

Preferably, the ratio of the solar cutting filter-pressing sludge of the refined mineral powder to the quartz mineral powder is 2: 3, the water content of the refined mineral powder is less than or equal to 10 percent.

Further, the additive is sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide and calcium oxide.

Further, the catalyst is prepared by mixing platinum, nickel and high-purity carbon powder through a cross-linking agent.

Preferably, the catalyst comprises 3-5% of platinum, 20-40% of nickel, high-purity carbon powder and a cross-linking agent in parts by weight: 30% -60%: 15% -30%, the cross-linking agent is a non-polar high-molecular polymer material;

the preparation method of the catalyst comprises the following steps: heating the nonpolar high polymer material to a molten state, mixing platinum, nickel, high-purity carbon powder and the nonpolar high polymer material according to the proportion, cooling and standing the mixture to be solid after uniform mixing, and crushing the solid into powder to obtain the catalyst.

Further, the process conditions of the hydrogen production reaction in the step two are as follows: the reaction time is controlled to be 3-5h, the reaction temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the PH value is 10.5-11.5.

Further, the clear liquid is clear water or alkaline acid, and the weight concentration of the alkaline solution is not more than 10 wt%.

Further, the concentration filter is an HNS high-efficiency concentration filter.

Further, the drying process conditions in the fifth step are as follows: the drying temperature is 50-200 ℃, the drying time is 2-12 h, and the water content of the dried solid is less than or equal to 5 wt%.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) changing an energy storage mode, releasing power of wasted hydrogen energy substances in a physical reaction mode at a specific time to convert electric energy, adjusting peak-valley balance, reducing pivot load, and offsetting cost excess and deficiency;

(2) the efficiency is high, the occupied area is small, the space resource is saved, and the operation cost is low;

(3) the service life of the operation is long, and the maintenance is simple and easy to operate;

(4) the system has no environmental pollution, and is a clean natural energy environment-friendly system;

(5) the natural disaster resistance is strong, and the device can normally operate under any severe environment condition;

(6) the raw materials mainly adopt industrial waste materials, so that energy is saved, emission is reduced, and waste is changed into valuable.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.

The method for producing hydrogen by using the solid powder hydrogen production agent as shown in figure 1 comprises the following steps:

step one, fully stirring refined mineral powder, an additive and a catalyst in a stirring kettle to obtain a solid material;

step two, putting the solid material into a hydrogen production tank, namely a hydrogen production reaction kettle, through a material mixing inlet, and simultaneously, according to the weight ratio, obtaining a clear solution: 1, adding clear liquid into the hydrogen production tank for hydrogen production reaction, wherein the solid material is (5-20);

step three, after the hydrogen production reaction in the step two is finished, connecting a concentration filter to concentrate and separate the catalyst, and cleaning water according to the weight ratio: catalyst powder 1: (0.5-2.5%) and cleaning and regenerating, wherein the cleaned and regenerated catalyst is treated and then is placed into a hydrogen production tank again;

step four, adding acid into the concentrated solution obtained in the step three into a neutralization kettle to adjust the pH value to 6-7, standing for more than 3 hours for precipitation, and performing solid-liquid separation by using a filter press to obtain a white carbon black filter pressing material;

step five, drying the white carbon black filter-pressed material to obtain a white carbon black precipitated powder body, inspecting the white carbon black precipitated powder body, weighing and packaging by a packaging machine;

and sixthly, connecting the hydrogen generated in the hydrogen production reaction kettle into a purification buffer tank through a pipeline, then connecting the hydrogen into a gas storage tank through a pipeline to be used as a hydrogen source, wherein the purity of the hydrogen can reach 99%, and adding PSA adsorption equipment and a high-pressure gas compressor for further treatment if further purification or high-pressure filling is required.

Further, the refined mineral powder is prepared by cutting filter-pressing sludge and quartz mineral powder by solar energy and stirring.

Preferably, the ratio of the solar cutting filter-pressing sludge of the refined mineral powder to the quartz mineral powder is 2: 3, the water content of the refined mineral powder is less than or equal to 10 percent.

Further, the additive is sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide.

Further, the catalyst is prepared by mixing platinum, nickel and high-purity carbon powder through a cross-linking agent.

Preferably, the catalyst comprises 3-5% of platinum, 20-40% of nickel, high-purity carbon powder and a cross-linking agent in parts by weight: 30% -60%: 15% -30%, and the cross-linking agent is a non-polar high-molecular polymer material.

In one embodiment, the catalyst is prepared by the following method: heating a nonpolar high polymer material to a molten state, and mixing platinum, nickel, high-purity carbon powder and the nonpolar high polymer material according to the ratio of 5% to 30%: 45%: mixing 20% by weight, cooling to obtain solid, and pulverizing into powder.

In yet another embodiment, the catalyst is prepared by the following steps: heating a nonpolar high polymer material to a molten state, and mixing platinum, nickel, high-purity carbon powder and the nonpolar high polymer material according to the ratio of 3% to 40%: 30%: 27 percent of the mixture is mixed by weight portion, and the mixture is cooled and stands to be solid after being evenly mixed and then is crushed to be powder to obtain the product.

In one embodiment, the catalyst is prepared by the following method: heating a nonpolar high polymer material to a molten state, and mixing platinum, nickel, high-purity carbon powder and the nonpolar high polymer material according to the ratio of 4% to 25%: 49%: mixing in 22 wt%, cooling to obtain solid, and crushing to obtain powder. The catalysts prepared by the above examples all have good catalytic effects.

Further, the process conditions of the hydrogen production reaction in the step two are as follows: the reaction time is controlled to be 3-5h, the reaction temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the PH value is 10.5-11.5.

Further, the clear liquid is clear water or alkaline acid, and the weight concentration of the alkaline solution is not more than 10 wt%.

Further, the concentration filter is an HNS high-efficiency concentration filter.

Further, the drying process conditions in the fifth step are as follows: the drying temperature is 50-200 ℃, the drying time is 2-12 h, and the water content of the dried solid is less than or equal to 5 wt%.

The device and the method for generating hydrogen through the reaction of the refined mineral powder and the clear liquid can be applied to equipment such as vehicles, and for users, energy supply of the equipment such as the vehicles can be completed only by periodically supplementing the refined mineral powder and the clear liquid, the hydrogen production is convenient, quick, safe and clean, and the hydrogen production cost is about 15 ~ 18 yuan/kg (namely 1.3 ~ 1.6.6 yuan/Nm)³) (ii) a The hydrogen production method of the invention can almost eliminate the traditional hydrogen storage tank; the energy density is far higher than that of the high-pressure hydrogen storage technology with better performance on the market at present; meanwhile, the hydrogen production method is quick and convenient, the process of increasing the use cost of the hydrogen, such as long-distance transportation of the hydrogen, storage of the hydrogen hydrogenation station, vehicle filling and the like, can be omitted, and a plurality of potential safety hazards caused by transportation and storage of the hydrogen can be avoided.