阅读说明：本技术 一种利用油泥制备油泥煤的方法 (Method for preparing oil sludge coal by using oil sludge ) 是由 薛岩 邱微 于 2018-06-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种利用油泥制备油泥煤的方法,它涉及一种含油污泥坑中油泥的无害化处理方法和资源化利用工艺。本发明的目的是要解决现有含油污泥坑处理投资大,处理效率低的问题。方法：一、开采油泥得到废油和油泥,油泥进行脱水,得到脱水污泥；二、先废油和脱水污泥进行混合,再加入辅料或油泥改性剂和辅料进行混合,得到预处理的油泥；三、成型后室温下放置,即得到油泥煤。优点：着火温度267℃,热值为3000～4000kcal/kg,干燥无灰基挥发分指数92.98,属极易稳定区；本发明主要用于利用油泥制备油泥煤。(A method for preparing oil sludge coal by utilizing oil sludge relates to a harmless treatment method and a resource utilization process of the oil sludge in an oil-containing sludge pit. The invention aims to solve the problems of high investment and low treatment efficiency in the conventional oily sludge pit treatment. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, exploiting oil sludge to obtain waste oil and oil sludge, and dehydrating the oil sludge to obtain dehydrated sludge; mixing the waste oil and the dewatered sludge, and then adding auxiliary materials or an oil sludge modifier and the auxiliary materials for mixing to obtain pretreated oil sludge; and thirdly, standing at room temperature after forming to obtain the oil peat. The advantages are that: the ignition temperature is 267 ℃, the heat value is 3000-4000 kcal/kg, and the dry ash-free volatile fraction index is 92.98, so that the material belongs to an extremely easy stable area; the method is mainly used for preparing the oil sludge coal by utilizing the oil sludge.)

1. A method for preparing oil sludge coal by using oil sludge is characterized in that the method for preparing the oil sludge coal by using the oil sludge is completed according to the following steps:

firstly, oil sludge exploitation: separating waste oil, waste water, oil sludge and waste in an oil pit by adopting a layered mining mode, and dehydrating the oil sludge to obtain dehydrated sludge, wherein the water content of the dehydrated sludge is 5-25%;

secondly, pretreatment: mixing the waste oil obtained in the first step with dewatered sludge to obtain primary mixed oil sludge, wherein the oil content of the primary mixed oil sludge is 10-50%, adding auxiliary materials for mixing, and pretreating the oil sludge; the mass ratio of the primary mixed oil sludge to the auxiliary materials is 100 (5-40);

thirdly, forming: feeding the pretreated oil sludge into a brick making machine for forming, and standing at room temperature for 5-7 days to obtain oil sludge coal; the calorific value of the oil sludge coal is 3000-4000 kcal/kg.

2. The method for preparing oil peat by using oil sludge according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary material in the second step is agricultural and forestry organic waste or industrial solid waste.

3. The method for preparing the oil peat by using the oil sludge as claimed in claim 2, wherein the agricultural and forestry organic waste is straw or rice husk; the industrial solid waste is pulverized coal slag.

4. The method for preparing peat from oil sludge according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, when the oil sludge water is layered in the oil pit, firstly, collecting the upper oil-containing layer, screening the upper oil-containing layer, washing the screened massive solid waste with steam hot water to remove oil, transporting the washed massive solid waste to a landfill site for landfill, mixing the washed oil and water with the screened oil and water for solid-liquid separation to obtain oily wastewater and oil-layer sludge, performing oil-water separation on the oily wastewater to obtain waste oil and wastewater, and sending the wastewater to a sewage treatment plant for treatment; collecting a lower oil-containing silt layer for screening, washing massive solid waste with steam hot water to remove oil, conveying the washed solid waste to a landfill site for landfill, and mixing the washed oil and water with silt obtained by screening to obtain an oil-silt mixture; and thirdly, mixing the oil layer sludge and the oil sludge sand mixture in the step one, and then carrying out dehydration treatment to obtain dehydrated oil sludge.

5. The method for preparing peat from oil sludge according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, when there is no stratification of sludge water in the oil pit, the sludge in the oil pit is collected and sieved, the massive solid waste is washed with steam and hot water to remove oil, the washed solid waste is transported to a landfill site for landfill, the washed oil and water are mixed with the mixture of sludge and water obtained by sieving, solid and liquid separation is carried out to obtain oily wastewater and oil sludge, the oil sludge is dehydrated to obtain dehydrated sludge, the oily wastewater is subjected to oil-water separation to obtain waste oil and wastewater, and the wastewater is sent to a sewage treatment plant for treatment.

6. A method for preparing oil sludge coal by using oil sludge is characterized in that the method for preparing the oil sludge coal by using the oil sludge is completed according to the following steps:

firstly, oil sludge exploitation: separating waste oil, waste water, oil sludge and waste in an oil pit by adopting a layered mining mode, and dehydrating the oil sludge to obtain dehydrated sludge, wherein the water content of the dehydrated sludge is 5-25%;

secondly, pretreatment: mixing the waste oil obtained in the first step with dewatered sludge to obtain primary mixed oil sludge, wherein the oil content of the primary mixed oil sludge is 10-50%, adding an oil sludge modifier and auxiliary materials, mixing, and pretreating oil sludge; the mass ratio of the primary mixed oil sludge to the oil sludge modifier is 100 (5-20); the mass ratio of the primary mixed oil sludge to the auxiliary materials is 100 (5-40).

Thirdly, forming: feeding the pretreated oil sludge into a brick making machine for forming, and standing at room temperature for 5-7 days to obtain oil sludge coal; the calorific value of the oil sludge coal is 3000-4000 kcal/kg.

7. The method for preparing the oil peat by using the oil sludge as claimed in claim 6, wherein the oil sludge modifier in the second step is prepared by mixing a curing agent, calcium oxide, volcanic ash and cement, wherein the curing agent accounts for 40-55% by mass, the calcium oxide accounts for 10-20% by mass, the volcanic ash accounts for 10-30% by mass, and the cement accounts for 1-10% by mass;

the curing agent consists of 25-50% of methacryloyloxyethyl chloride, 10-30% of dimethyldiallyl chloride, 15-30% of acryloyl and 5-15% of carboxymethyl cellulose.

8. The method for preparing oil peat by using oil sludge according to claim 6, wherein the auxiliary materials in the second step are agricultural and forestry organic waste or industrial solid waste; the agricultural and forestry organic waste is straw or rice husk; the industrial solid waste is pulverized coal slag.

9. The method for preparing peat from oil sludge according to claim 6, wherein in the first step, when the oil sludge water is layered in the oil pit, the upper oil-containing layer is collected, the upper oil-containing layer is screened, the screened massive solid waste is washed with steam hot water to remove oil, the washed massive solid waste is transported to a landfill to be buried, the washed oil and water are mixed with the screened oil and water to be subjected to solid-liquid separation, oil-containing wastewater and oil-layer sludge are obtained, the oil and water separation is performed on the oil-containing wastewater to obtain waste oil and wastewater, and the wastewater is sent to a sewage treatment plant for treatment; collecting a lower oil-containing silt layer for screening, washing massive solid waste with steam hot water to remove oil, conveying the washed solid waste to a landfill site for landfill, and mixing the washed oil and water with silt obtained by screening to obtain an oil-silt mixture; and thirdly, mixing the oil layer sludge and the oil sludge sand mixture in the step one, and then carrying out dehydration treatment to obtain dehydrated oil sludge.

10. The method for preparing peat from oil sludge according to claim 6, wherein in the first step, when there is no stratification of sludge water in the oil pit, the sludge in the oil pit is collected and sieved, the massive solid waste is washed with steam and hot water to remove oil, the washed solid waste is transported to a landfill site for landfill, the washed oil and water are mixed with the mixture of sludge and water obtained by sieving, solid and liquid separation is carried out to obtain oily wastewater and oil sludge, the oil sludge is dehydrated to obtain dehydrated sludge, the oily wastewater is subjected to oil-water separation to obtain waste oil and wastewater, and the wastewater is sent to a sewage treatment plant for treatment.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a harmless treatment method and a resource utilization process of oil sludge in an oil-containing sludge pit.

Background

With the development of the petroleum industry, the yield of oil-containing sludge is increasing. The oily sludge, namely oily silt, refers to a large amount of oily solid wastes generated in the processes of crude oil extraction, gathering, transportation, refining and the like, and is generally divided into oily sludge in oil fields and oily sludge generated in petrochemical industry (mainly oil refineries). The oily sludge of the oil field comprises the oily sludge on the ground generated in the oil field development process, the oily waste centralized stacked in an oil pit, the oily sludge generated at the bottom of a tank in the production operation of a combined station and the oily sludge generated in the operation of a sewage station.

The oily sludge refers to a mixture of various forms in which crude oil or product oil is mixed into soil or other media, oil components in the mixture cannot be directly recovered and can cause environmental pollution, and the oily sludge is mainly generated in oil fields and oil refineries.

The oil-containing sludge generally has an oil content of 10-50% and a water content of 40-70%. The oily sludge is huge in volume, if the oily sludge is directly discharged without treatment, not only a large amount of cultivated land is occupied, but also the surrounding soil, water and air are polluted, along with the generation of malodorous gas, the sludge contains a large amount of pathogenic bacteria, parasites, heavy metals such as copper, zinc, chromium, mercury and the like, and in addition, the sludge also contains salts, polychlorinated biphenyl, dioxin, radioactive nuclide and other refractory toxic and harmful substances, and the wastes can influence the growth and development of crops, so that the toxic substances enter a food chain and influence the body health of people. The treatment of oily sludge is always a difficult problem in the petroleum and petrochemical industry.

The oily sludge is a precious secondary resource, and if the oily sludge is discharged randomly without treatment, the oily sludge not only causes huge damage to the environment, but also is huge waste of resources. With the increasingly strict and perfect environmental regulations, the oil-containing sludge harmless, clean and recycling treatment technology will become a necessary trend for the development of sludge treatment technology.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems of high investment and low treatment efficiency of the conventional oily sludge pit treatment, and provides a method for preparing oil sludge coal by using oil sludge.

A method for preparing oil sludge coal by using oil sludge is specifically completed according to the following steps:

firstly, oil sludge exploitation: separating waste oil, waste water, oil sludge and waste in an oil pit by adopting a layered mining mode, and dehydrating the oil sludge to obtain dehydrated sludge, wherein the water content of the dehydrated sludge is 5-25%;

secondly, pretreatment: mixing the waste oil obtained in the first step with dewatered sludge to obtain primary mixed oil sludge, wherein the oil content of the primary mixed oil sludge is 10-50%, adding auxiliary materials for mixing, and pretreating the oil sludge; the mass ratio of the primary mixed oil sludge to the auxiliary materials is 100 (5-40);

thirdly, forming: feeding the pretreated oil sludge into a brick making machine for forming, and standing at room temperature for 5-7 days to obtain oil sludge coal; the calorific value of the oil sludge coal is 3000-4000 kcal/kg.

A method for preparing oil sludge coal by using oil sludge is specifically completed according to the following steps:

firstly, oil sludge exploitation: separating waste oil, waste water, oil sludge and waste in an oil pit by adopting a layered mining mode, and dehydrating the oil sludge to obtain dehydrated sludge, wherein the water content of the dehydrated sludge is 5-25%;

secondly, pretreatment: mixing the waste oil obtained in the first step with dewatered sludge to obtain primary mixed oil sludge, wherein the oil content of the primary mixed oil sludge is 10-50%, adding an oil sludge modifier and auxiliary materials, mixing, and pretreating oil sludge; the mass ratio of the primary mixed oil sludge to the oil sludge modifier is 100 (5-20); the mass ratio of the primary mixed oil sludge to the auxiliary materials is 100 (5-40).

Thirdly, forming: feeding the pretreated oil sludge into a brick making machine for forming, and standing at room temperature for 5-7 days to obtain oil sludge coal; the calorific value of the oil sludge coal is 3000-4000 kcal/kg.

The invention has the advantages that:

the method has the advantages that the heterogeneous outdoor oily sludge pit is treated by a layered excavation method, oil, mud and water can be effectively separated, a high-concentration oil layer is extracted, the pollution of the oil layer caused by the waste water and the bottom mud in the treatment process is reduced, the waste water treatment load is effectively reduced, the design of the ratio of the calorific value of the oily coal to the forming is facilitated, and the quality of a resource product is improved.

And secondly, the oil sludge is modified into oil sludge coal, resources are recycled, and the three purposes of environmental protection, energy conservation and emission reduction of oil sludge treatment and disposal are realized.

Thirdly, the oily sludge coal of the invention has the basic characteristics of solid fuel: the stable solid structure is irreversible, and secondary argillization does not occur; the grain diameter is less than 4cm and less than the feeding caliber; the surface area is large, the contact surface with oxygen is large, and combustion is facilitated; the ignition temperature is 267 ℃, the heat value is 3000-4000 kcal/kg, and the dry ash-free volatile fraction index is 92.98, so that the material belongs to an extremely easy stable area; the flammability discrimination index and the stable combustion discrimination index both belong to an extremely stable region.

Fourthly, the process of converting the oil sludge into oil sludge coal is operated and reacted at normal temperature and normal pressure; no waste water, waste gas and waste residue are generated in the treatment process; the whole process is safe and harmless, and has the advantages of simple operation, low investment and low requirement on environment, and can realize automatic production; meanwhile, the method has the advantages of small occupied area, short input period and quick response.

And fifthly, the oil sludge contains petroleum components, and is converted into a solid gel structure after polymerization, so that the loss of the petroleum components is low, and the oil sludge has a good fuel effect.

Sixthly, the oily sludge coal converted from the polymerized oily sludge has good thermal stability and high burnout rate, and the environmental-friendly discharge index is superior to that of coal burning.

Detailed Description