阅读说明：本技术 一种干式厌氧发酵系统 (Dry-type anaerobic fermentation system ) 是由 高博 曾毅夫 叶明强 周益辉 于 2019-09-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种干式厌氧发酵系统,包括卧式厌氧发酵罐、进料机构和出料机构,所述厌氧发酵罐内部设有上下两排水平布设且相互垂直的搅拌轴；两排所述搅拌轴上均设有若干间隔排布的搅拌杆组,所述搅拌杆组包括若干沿所述搅拌轴横截面圆周方向分布的搅拌杆,所述搅拌杆上设有破碎刀组；还包括驱动两排所述搅拌轴转动的驱动机构。本发明厌氧发酵系统,对物料不需要进行前期的预处理,允许原料直接进入,可满足绝大多数的收集秸秆等物料的直接进料要求,大幅度的降低对秸秆机械破碎预处理的能耗；其次,系统集成化程度高,占地面积大幅度降低,节约了项目土地投资成本,提高了项目操作的可行性。(The invention discloses a dry anaerobic fermentation system, which comprises a horizontal anaerobic fermentation tank, a feeding mechanism and a discharging mechanism, wherein an upper row and a lower row of stirring shafts which are horizontally arranged and are vertical to each other are arranged in the anaerobic fermentation tank; a plurality of stirring rod groups which are arranged at intervals are arranged on the two rows of stirring shafts, each stirring rod group comprises a plurality of stirring rods which are distributed along the circumferential direction of the cross section of each stirring shaft, and crushing cutter groups are arranged on the stirring rods; the stirring mechanism also comprises a driving mechanism for driving the two rows of stirring shafts to rotate. The anaerobic fermentation system does not need to carry out early pretreatment on the materials, allows the raw materials to directly enter, can meet the direct feeding requirement of most collected materials such as straws and the like, and greatly reduces the energy consumption of mechanical crushing pretreatment on the straws; secondly, the system integration degree is high, the occupied area is greatly reduced, the project land investment cost is saved, and the feasibility of project operation is improved.)

1. The utility model provides a dry-type anaerobic fermentation system, includes horizontal anaerobic fermentation jar, feed mechanism and discharge mechanism, its characterized in that: an upper row of stirring shafts and a lower row of stirring shafts which are horizontally arranged and are mutually vertical are arranged in the anaerobic fermentation tank;

a plurality of stirring rod groups which are arranged at intervals are arranged on the two rows of stirring shafts, each stirring rod group comprises a plurality of stirring rods which are distributed along the circumferential direction of the cross section of each stirring shaft, and crushing cutter groups are arranged on the stirring rods;

the stirring mechanism also comprises a driving mechanism for driving the two rows of stirring shafts to rotate.

2. The dry anaerobic fermentation system of claim 1, wherein: and the two rows of stirring shafts are in meshing transmission through a worm and gear mechanism.

3. The dry anaerobic fermentation system according to claim 2, wherein: and a worm wheel section which is in meshed transmission with the worm wheel on the stirring shaft on the upper row is arranged on the stirring shaft on the lower row.

4. The dry anaerobic fermentation system according to claim 3, wherein: the feed inlet and the discharge outlet of the horizontal anaerobic fermentation tank are arranged at two ends of the stirring shaft on the upper row.

5. The dry anaerobic fermentation system according to claim 4, wherein: and the stirring rods on the stirring shafts in the two rows extend to the inner bottom surface of the anaerobic fermentation tank.

6. The dry anaerobic fermentation system of claim 5, wherein: a middle stirring rod group is also arranged between two adjacent stirring rod groups on the upper stirring shaft;

the middle stirring rod group comprises a plurality of stirring rods which are distributed along the circumferential direction of the cross section of the stirring shaft and are provided with crushing cutter groups, and the length of the stirring rod positioned on the middle stirring rod group is smaller than that of the stirring rod positioned on the stirring rod group.

7. The dry anaerobic fermentation system of claim 1, wherein: the anaerobic fermentation tank is characterized by further comprising a biogas burner, the feeding mechanism comprises a drying box and a conveying belt transversely penetrating through the drying box, the biogas burner is communicated with a biogas outlet of the anaerobic fermentation tank, a hot gas outlet of the biogas burner is communicated with the drying box, and the conveying belt is in butt joint with a feeding hole of the anaerobic fermentation tank.

8. The dry anaerobic fermentation crushing device according to claim 7, wherein: the discharging mechanism adopts a discharging flood dragon.

9. The dry anaerobic fermentation crushing device according to claim 7, wherein: and a cold air draught fan is arranged on a pipeline connecting the anaerobic fermentation tank and the biogas burner, and a hot air draught fan is arranged on a pipeline connecting the biogas burner and the drying box.

10. A dry anaerobic fermentation system according to any one of claims 2-9, wherein: the driving mechanism comprises a driving motor and a driving gear arranged on an output shaft of the driving motor, each stirring shaft in the lower row is in meshing transmission through a driven gear, and the driving gear is in meshing transmission with one of the driven gears.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of anaerobic fermentation organic matter recycling, and particularly relates to a dry type anaerobic fermentation system.

Background

At present, the annual organic matter production in the country is about 100 million tons or more. The data show that the discharge amount of the excrement only in livestock and poultry breeding industry is more than 38 hundred million tons, the chemical oxygen demand discharged by the livestock and poultry breeding industry reaches 1268.26 ten thousand tons, and the discharge amount accounts for 96 percent of the total agricultural source discharge amount; the total nitrogen and phosphorus emissions were 102.48 and 16.04 million tons, accounting for 38 and 56% of the total agricultural source emissions, respectively. Organic matter becomes a major source of pollution. Organic matters are resources, and how to utilize the resources efficiently becomes a problem recognized at present.

Patents CN2009100297040, CN2016104095512 and CN2018111242962 disclose a dry anaerobic fermentation device, but the above patent materials need to be crushed before entering the fermentation device, and meanwhile, in the anaerobic fermentation process, the materials are deposited at the bottom of the device, the gas discharge is not smooth, and the gas yield is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The present application is directed to solving at least one of the problems in the prior art. Therefore, the invention aims to provide a dry anaerobic fermentation system. The system integrates crushing, stirring and fermentation, has a compact structure, and can effectively solve the problems of material bottom deposition and low gas production rate of the traditional dry anaerobic fermentation device.

In order to solve the technical problem, the following technical scheme is adopted in the application:

a dry anaerobic fermentation system comprises a horizontal anaerobic fermentation tank, a feeding mechanism and a discharging mechanism, wherein an upper row and a lower row of stirring shafts which are horizontally arranged and are vertical to each other are arranged in the anaerobic fermentation tank;

a plurality of stirring rod groups which are arranged at intervals are arranged on the two rows of stirring shafts, each stirring rod group comprises a plurality of stirring rods which are distributed along the circumferential direction of the cross section of each stirring shaft, and crushing cutter groups are arranged on the stirring rods;

the stirring mechanism also comprises a driving mechanism for driving the two rows of stirring shafts to rotate.

The stirring shafts on the lower row and the stirring rod groups on the stirring shafts on the upper row are alternately distributed in the anaerobic fermentation tank along the axial direction of the upper row of stirring shafts, so that mutual noninterference in the rotating process is ensured.

Furthermore, the two rows of stirring shafts are in meshing transmission through a worm and gear mechanism. The two rows of stirring shafts are driven by a worm and gear mechanism, and the whole stirring structure is driven by one set of transmission system, so that the integration level of a fermentation system is improved, and the reduction of the occupied area and the energy consumption of equipment is facilitated.

Furthermore, the crushing cutter group consists of a plurality of crushing thorns or crushing cutters which are uniformly distributed on the stirring rod.

Further, a worm wheel section which is in meshed transmission with the worm wheel on the stirring shaft in the upper row is arranged on the stirring shaft in the lower row. The worm is arranged on the lower-row stirring shaft, so that the lower-row stirring shaft rotates at a higher speed, and the deposited materials at the bottom are quickly thrown upwards, so that the materials are ensured not to be deposited, and meanwhile, the overflow of the gas at the bottom is facilitated; the stirring shafts in the upper row rotate at a lower speed, so that the retention time of materials can be ensured, the full reaction is ensured, and the improvement of the gas production rate is facilitated.

Furthermore, a feed inlet and a discharge outlet of the horizontal anaerobic fermentation tank are arranged at two ends of the stirring shaft arranged on the upper row. The feeding hole and the discharging hole are ingeniously arranged at the two ends of the upper-row stirring shaft, so that the retention time of materials in the tank body is increased, and the full reaction is ensured.

Furthermore, the stirring rods on the two rows of stirring shafts extend to the inner bottom surface of the anaerobic fermentation tank. The stirring rods on the two stirring shafts extend to the inner bottom surface of the anaerobic fermentation tank, so that the material deposition can be prevented from reducing the effective volume of the anaerobic fermentation and the sand setting phenomenon, and the smooth proceeding of the anaerobic fermentation is ensured. Simultaneously, the lower part of the anaerobic fermentation tank is stirred more severely, which is beneficial to the discharge of gas generated at the bottom of the anaerobic fermentation tank and the proceeding of chemical reaction.

Furthermore, a middle stirring rod group is arranged between two adjacent stirring rod groups on the stirring shaft in the upper row;

the middle stirring rod group comprises a plurality of stirring rods which are distributed along the circumferential direction of the cross section of the stirring shaft and are provided with crushing cutter groups, and the length of the stirring rod positioned on the middle stirring rod group is smaller than that of the stirring rod positioned on the stirring rod group.

The anaerobic fermentation tank is characterized by further comprising a biogas burner, the feeding mechanism comprises a drying box and a conveying belt transversely penetrating through the drying box, the biogas burner is communicated with a biogas outlet of the anaerobic fermentation tank, a hot gas outlet of the biogas burner is communicated with the drying box, and the conveying belt is in butt joint with a feeding hole of the anaerobic fermentation tank.

Furthermore, a discharging flood dragon is adopted by the discharging mechanism.

Furthermore, a cold air draught fan is arranged on a pipeline connecting the anaerobic fermentation tank and the biogas burner, and a hot air draught fan is arranged on a pipeline connecting the biogas burner and the drying box.

Furthermore, the driving mechanism comprises a driving motor and a driving gear arranged on an output shaft of the driving motor, each stirring shaft in the lower row is in meshing transmission through a driven gear, and the driving gear is in meshing transmission with one of the driven gears.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect that this application has lies in:

1. the anaerobic fermentation system does not need to carry out early pretreatment on the materials, allows the raw materials to directly enter, can meet the direct feeding requirement of most collected materials such as straws and the like, and greatly reduces the energy consumption of mechanical crushing pretreatment on the straws; secondly, the system integration degree is high, the occupied area is greatly reduced, the project land investment cost is saved, and the feasibility of project operation is improved.

2. The system integrates crushing, stirring and fermentation, the whole system is very compact in structure, the rotation directions of the upper stirring shaft and the lower stirring shaft are vertical, the organic matter is stirred fully and uniformly to form 'dead angles', the local acid accumulation of raw materials can be avoided, the contact and reaction between microorganisms and the raw materials are increased, the gas yield is improved, and the problems that the generated methane cannot be released and the like are solved.

3. The stirring rods on the upper stirring shaft and the lower stirring shaft extend to the inner bottom surface of the anaerobic fermentation tank, and the stirring rod group and the crushing cutter group on the stirring rods can stir and crush materials at the bottom of the tank, so that the materials are prevented from being deposited and forming plates at the bottom of the tank.

4. The stirring rods on the upper stirring shaft and the lower stirring shaft are driven by a worm and gear mechanism, and the whole stirring structure is driven by one set of transmission system, so that the integration level of the fermentation device is improved, and the reduction of the occupied area and the energy consumption of the equipment are facilitated.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure inside the anaerobic fermenter according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a front view of the arrangement of the stirring shafts in the anaerobic fermentation tank of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a top view of the arrangement of the stirring shafts in the anaerobic fermentation tank of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, a dry anaerobic fermentation system comprises a horizontal anaerobic fermentation tank 1, a feeding mechanism 2 and a discharging mechanism 3, wherein the output end of the feeding mechanism 2 is butted with the feeding hole of the horizontal anaerobic fermentation tank 1, the input end of the discharging mechanism 3 is butted with the discharging hole of the horizontal anaerobic fermentation tank 1, organic matter materials such as straws and the like are conveyed into the horizontal anaerobic fermentation tank 1 through the feeding mechanism 2 for anaerobic fermentation, reacted residues are discharged through the discharging mechanism 3, and generated biogas enters an air collecting bag 4 for collection. Discharging mechanism 3 can adopt the ejection of compact flood dragon, and feed mechanism 2 can adopt belt feed arrangement.

Referring to fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4, the anaerobic fermentation tank of the dry anaerobic fermentation system of the present embodiment is internally provided with an upper row and a lower row of stirring shafts which are horizontally arranged and are vertical to each other; for the sake of understanding, the lower row of mixing shafts will be designated as the first mixing shaft 5 and the upper row will be designated as the second mixing shaft 6.

A plurality of first stirring rod groups 7 are arranged on the first stirring shaft 5 at intervals along the axial direction of the first stirring shaft, each first stirring rod group 7 comprises a plurality of first stirring rods 701 distributed along the circumferential direction of the cross section of the first stirring shaft 5, and a first crushing cutter group 8 is arranged on each first stirring rod 701. A plurality of second stirring rod groups 9 which are arranged at intervals are arranged on the second stirring shaft 6, the second stirring rod groups 9 comprise a plurality of second stirring rods 901 which are distributed along the circumferential direction of the cross section of the second stirring shaft 6, second crushing cutter groups 10 are arranged on the second stirring rods 901, and the second stirring rod groups 9 on the first stirring shaft 5 and the second stirring shaft 6 are alternately distributed in the anaerobic fermentation tank along the extending direction of the second stirring shaft 6. Wherein, the crushing cutter group consists of a plurality of crushing thorns or crushing cutters which are uniformly distributed on the stirring rod.

The dry anaerobic fermentation system of the embodiment also comprises a driving mechanism for driving the two rows of stirring shafts to rotate. In practical design, it is necessary to ensure that the first stirring rod 701 and the second stirring rod 901 do not interfere with each other when rotating, and can rotate freely in the tank body through the stirring shafts corresponding to each other.

The anaerobic fermentation system of the embodiment integrates crushing, stirring and fermentation, the whole system is very compact in structure, the rotation directions of the first stirring shaft and the second stirring shaft are vertical, the organic matter is stirred to form fully uniform matters 'dead angles', the local acid accumulation of raw materials can be avoided, the contact and reaction between microorganisms and the raw materials are increased, the gas production rate is improved, and the problems that the produced methane cannot be released and the like are solved.

When this embodiment anaerobic fermentation system carries out anaerobic fermentation's processing to organic matters such as straw and vegetables blade root, need not to carry out the preliminary stage preliminary treatment to the material, allow 2mm ~ 40 cm's raw materials directly to get into this system, can satisfy the direct feeding requirement of most collection straw, reduction by a wide margin to the energy consumption of straw mechanical crushing preliminary treatment.

The dry anaerobic fermentation system provided by the embodiment of the invention is suitable for single or mixed raw materials including but not limited to wheat straws, rice straws, corn straws, soybean straws, grass-wood straws, peanut straws and the like, and the mixed raw materials of straws, dry feces, vegetable roots and the like are treated before anaerobic fermentation according to the process flow.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in practical application, the stirring rods on the two stirring shafts extend to the inner bottom surface of the anaerobic fermentation tank, that is, the first stirring rod 701 and the second stirring rod 901 extend to the bottom of the tank.

This embodiment is through all extending to anaerobic fermentation tank's interior bottom surface department with two rows of epaxial puddlers of stirring, can prevent that material deposit from reducing anaerobic fermentation's effective volume and sand setting phenomenon, ensures going on smoothly of anaerobic fermentation, and the stirring of anaerobic fermentation tank lower part is more drastic simultaneously, is favorable to going on of gaseous discharge and chemical reaction of anaerobic fermentation tank bottom production.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, it can be understood that the two rows of stirring shafts are in mesh transmission through a worm gear mechanism. The first (mixing) shaft of this embodiment and the second (mixing) shaft between transmit through turbine worm mechanism, whole stirring structure is through one set of transmission system drive, has improved fermentation system's integrated level, is favorable to reducing equipment area and energy consumption.

Particularly, when a worm rod in a worm gear mechanism is positioned on a first stirring shaft 5, a feed inlet and a discharge outlet of a horizontal anaerobic fermentation tank 1 are arranged at two ends of a second stirring shaft 6, the stirring speeds of an upper layer and a lower layer in the anaerobic fermentation tank are different, the stirring speed of the lower layer is higher than that of the upper layer, and the first stirring shaft 5 rotates at a higher speed, so that deposited materials at the bottom are quickly thrown backwards, the materials are ensured not to be deposited, the overflow of gas at the bottom is facilitated, sludge containing a large number of microorganisms can roll to the upper layer, and the anaerobic reaction of the materials at the upper layer is ensured to be fully carried out; and the second (mixing) shaft then rotates with lower speed, can ensure the dwell time of material, guarantees the abundant of reaction and goes on, also can avoid simultaneously because of the residue is discharged fast, causes the problem that the interior reaction microorganism of jar reduces rapidly.

In addition, the sludge on the bottom layer is in a turbulent flow state, so that the anaerobic microorganism propagation is facilitated, the sufficient microorganism quantity in the tank body can be ensured, and the rapid proceeding of the fermentation reaction is ensured.

Referring to fig. 4, it should be explained that the driving mechanism of the present embodiment includes a driving motor and a driving gear 12 mounted on an output shaft of the driving motor, each first stirring shaft 5 is in meshing transmission with one of the driven gears 13 through the driven gear 13, and the driving gear 12 is in meshing transmission with one of the driven gears 13. The embodiment can drive the two rows of stirring shafts to rotate simultaneously only through one set of driving mechanism, improves the integration level of the fermentation system, and is beneficial to reducing the occupied area and energy consumption of equipment.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a third stirring rod group 14, i.e. an intermediate stirring rod group, is further disposed between two adjacent second stirring rod groups 9 on the second stirring shaft 6, the third stirring rod group 14 includes a plurality of third stirring rods 1401 distributed along the circumferential direction of the cross section of the second stirring shaft 6 and having third crushing blade groups 15, and the length of the third stirring rods 1401 is smaller than the length of the second stirring rods 901.

Referring to fig. 1, as another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dry anaerobic fermentation system further includes a biogas burner 16, the feeding mechanism 2 includes a drying box 201 and a conveyor belt 202 transversely penetrating through the drying box 201, the biogas burner 16 is communicated with a biogas outlet of the anaerobic fermentation tank, a hot gas outlet of the biogas burner 16 is communicated with the drying box 201, and the conveyor belt 202 is in butt joint with a feed inlet of the anaerobic fermentation tank. The generated biogas is directly used for drying and preheating the materials, so that the anaerobic fermentation starts immediately after the materials enter the anaerobic reaction tank, the anaerobic fermentation tank has important significance for increasing the fermentation efficiency in the anaerobic fermentation process, and meanwhile, the energy consumption can be saved.

Referring to fig. 1, specifically, the gas collecting bag 4 is connected to the biogas burner 16 through a biogas exhaust pipe 18 with a biogas draft fan 17, and a hot gas draft fan 19 is arranged on a pipeline connecting the biogas burner 16 and the drying box 201.

Referring to fig. 1-4, the working process of the present invention is as follows:

the primarily dried water-containing organic matters enter the drying box 201 through the conveying belt 202, the organic matters dried at high temperature are subjected to anaerobic fermentation in the dry anaerobic fermentation tank, residues are discharged by a flood discharging dragon, biogas generated in the dry anaerobic fermentation tank enters the gas collecting bag 4 to be collected, the collected biogas is discharged into the biogas combustor 16 through the biogas draft fan 17 and the gas collecting bag 4 through the biogas exhaust pipe 18 to be combusted, and generated hot gas is conveyed into the drying box 201 through the hot gas draft fan 19 and the hot gas exhaust pipe 20 to be used for drying the organic matters.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the operation of the stirring structure in the dry anaerobic fermentation tank is as follows: the driving motor rotates, drives driving gear 12 and rotates, and driving gear 12 rotates and drives driven gear 13 and rotate, and driven gear 13 arranges for the multirow, can set for the row number of arranging according to the demand of production volume, and this case uses the row as an example, and first (mixing) shaft 5 is driven by driven gear 13. Each first stirring shaft 5 is rotated through a transmission gear arranged on each first stirring shaft 5, a worm section is driven by a driven gear 13 at the end part of the worm section, a turbine 11 is driven by the worm section to rotate, the second stirring shaft 6 rotates to drive a second stirring rod 901 and a third stirring rod 1401 on the second stirring shaft to rotate around the second stirring shaft 6, and the driven gear 13 drives a plurality of first stirring shafts 5 to rotate simultaneously, so that the first stirring rods 701 on the first stirring shafts are driven to rotate around the axes of the first stirring shafts. The first crushing cutter group 8, the second crushing cutter group 10 and the third crushing cutter group crush organic matters through gaps between the first crushing cutter group and the second crushing cutter group and shearing force during stirring.

The embodiment effectively solves the problems of incomplete material crushing and unsmooth exhaust in the dry anaerobic fermentation process of the organic matters, and simultaneously solves the problems of poor mixing and low gas yield of the organic matters in the anaerobic fermentation process, thereby being beneficial to the long-term stable operation of equipment.

The above examples are merely illustrative for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. Nor is it intended to be exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.