阅读说明：本技术 一种vhf波段紧耦合平面偶极子阵列天线 (VHF wave band tightly-coupled planar dipole array antenna ) 是由 臧永东 孙保华 焦喜香 金谋平 杨毅 张志勇 于 2019-09-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种VHF波段紧耦合平面偶极子阵列天线其基本结构包括：上下两层,具有金属层的反射板1以及位于反射板上方的双极化偶极子天线阵列。双极化偶极子天线阵列2由多个双极化偶极子单元组成,双极化偶极子单元由两个十字交叉排列的偶极子组成,分为三种结构,分别为：中间单元,由4个天线臂和金属片组成；边缘单元,由3个边缘天线臂、1个长边缘天线臂和边缘金属片组成；拐角单元,由2个拐角天线臂、2个长拐角天线臂和拐角金属片组成。本发明天线带宽3.5：1,在100~350MHz频段满足有源驻波小于3,天线剖面高度0.1低频波长。本发明解决为了解决VHF波段超宽带相控阵天线在平台对载荷的尺寸、重量严格限制的情况下的应用问题。(The invention discloses a VHF band tightly-coupled planar dipole array antenna which comprises an upper layer, a lower layer, a reflecting plate 1 with a metal layer and a dual-polarized dipole antenna array positioned above the reflecting plate, wherein the dual-polarized dipole antenna array 2 consists of a plurality of dual-polarized dipole units, each dual-polarized dipole unit consists of two dipoles arranged in a cross way and is divided into three structures, namely a middle unit consisting of 4 antenna arms and a metal sheet, an edge unit consisting of 3 edge antenna arms, 1 long edge antenna arm and an edge metal sheet, and a corner unit consisting of 2 corner antenna arms, 2 long corner antenna arms and corner metal sheets.)

1. A VHF band close-coupled planar dipole array antenna, comprising: the dual-polarized dipole antenna array comprises a reflecting plate (1) and a dual-polarized dipole antenna array (2), wherein the dual-polarized dipole antenna array (2) is fixedly arranged on the reflecting plate (1), and the reflecting plate (1) is a metal plate;

the dual-polarized dipole antenna array (2) comprises more than one middle unit (21), more than four edge units (22) and four corner units (23), wherein the middle units (21), the edge units (22) and the corner units (23) are all printed on one side surface of the dielectric slab;

the medium plate is a rectangular plate; more than one middle unit (21) are uniformly distributed in the middle of the dielectric plate, more than four edge units (22) are uniformly distributed around the more than one middle unit (21), and four corner units (23) are respectively arranged on four corners of the dielectric plate;

the intermediate unit (21) comprises four intermediate antenna arms (211) and four metal sheets (212); the four middle antenna arms (211) are arranged in a cross shape to form two pairs of middle dipoles; the four metal sheets (212) are arranged on the other side surface of the dielectric plate, respectively correspond to the tail ends of the four middle antenna arms (211), and are partially overlapped with the tail ends;

the edge unit (22) comprises three edge antenna arms (221), a long edge antenna arm (223) and three edge metal sheets (222); the three edge antenna arms (221) and the long edge antenna arm (223) are arranged in a cross manner to form two pairs of edge dipoles; three edge metal sheets (222) are arranged on the other side surface of the dielectric plate, respectively correspond to the tail ends of the three edge antenna arms (221), and are partially overlapped with the tail ends; the tail end of the long-edge antenna arm (223) is electrically connected with the reflecting plate (1);

the corner unit (23) comprises two corner antenna arms (231), two long corner antenna arms (233) and two corner metal sheets (232); two corner antenna arms (231) and two long corner antenna arms (233) are arranged in a cross to form two pairs of corner dipoles; the two corner metal sheets (232) are arranged on the other side surface of the dielectric plate, correspond to the tail ends of the two corner antenna arms (231) respectively and are partially overlapped with the tail ends; the tail ends of the two long corner antenna arms (223) are respectively and electrically connected with the reflecting plate (1);

adjacent metal sheets (212) of adjacent intermediate cells (21) are directly electrically connected; gaps are formed between the tail ends of the middle antenna arms (211) of the adjacent middle units (21), and the capacitive coupling between the adjacent units is formed through the metal sheets (212);

the metal sheet (212) of the middle unit (21) is directly and electrically connected with the edge metal sheet (222) of the adjacent edge unit (22); a gap is formed between the tail end of the middle antenna arm (211) of the middle unit (21) and the tail end of the edge antenna arm (221) of the adjacent edge unit (22), and capacitive coupling between the adjacent units is formed through the edge metal sheet (222);

the edge metal sheet (222) of an edge cell (22) is in direct electrical connection with the corner metal sheet (232) of an adjacent corner cell (23); a gap is formed between the edge antenna arm (221) of the edge unit (22) and the tail end of the corner antenna arm (231) of the adjacent corner unit (23), and capacitive coupling between the adjacent units is formed through the corner metal sheet (232);

the work bandwidth of the VHF wave band tightly-coupled planar dipole array antenna is 3.5: 1, the active standing wave is less than 3 and the height of the antenna section is 0.1 low-frequency wavelength in the frequency band of 100-350 MHz.

2. A VHF band close-coupled planar dipole array antenna according to claim 1, wherein: four middle antenna arms (211) of the middle unit (21) are uniformly distributed on one side surface of the dielectric plate in a cross shape, and two pairs of middle antenna arms (211) form feed gaps at the center of the dipole unit respectively; four metal sheets (212) corresponding to the four middle antenna arms (211) are uniformly distributed on the other side surface of the dielectric plate, and the four metal sheets (212) are respectively positioned at the tail ends of the four middle antenna arms (211) and are partially overlapped with the tail ends.

3. A VHF band close-coupled planar dipole array antenna according to claim 1, wherein: three edge antenna arms (221) and a long edge antenna arm (223) of the edge unit (22) are uniformly distributed on one side surface of the dielectric plate in a cross shape, the two edge antenna arms (221) form a feed gap in the center of the dipole unit, and the one edge antenna arm (221) and the long edge antenna arm (223) form a feed gap in the center of the dipole unit; three edge metal sheets (222) corresponding to the three edge antenna arms (221) are uniformly distributed on the other side surface of the dielectric plate, and the three edge metal sheets (222) are respectively positioned at the tail ends of the three edge antenna arms (221) and are overlapped with the tail end parts; the long edge antenna arm (223) is an L-shaped antenna arm, and the tail end of the long edge antenna arm (223) extends downwards along the edge of the dielectric plate and is electrically connected with the reflecting plate (1).

4. A VHF band close-coupled planar dipole array antenna according to claim 1, wherein: two corner antenna arms (231) and two long corner antenna arms (233) of the corner unit (23) are uniformly distributed on one side surface of the dielectric plate in a cross shape, and the corner antenna arms (231) and the long corner antenna arms (233) form a feed gap in the center of the dipole unit; two corner metal sheets (232) are uniformly distributed on the other side surface of the dielectric plate, and the two corner metal sheets (232) are respectively positioned at the tail ends of the two corner antenna arms (231) and are overlapped with the tail end parts; the two long corner antenna arms (233) are L-shaped antenna arms, and the tail ends of the two long corner antenna arms (233) extend downwards along the edge of the dielectric plate and are electrically connected with the reflecting plate (1).

5. A VHF band close-coupled planar dipole array antenna according to claim 1, wherein: an edge resistor (224) is connected in series between the long and short arms of the long edge antenna arm (223).

6. A VHF band close-coupled planar dipole array antenna according to claim 1, wherein: a corner resistor (234) is connected in series between the long and short arms of the long corner antenna arm (233).

7. The VHF band tightly coupled planar dipole array antenna of claim 5 or 6, wherein: the resistance value of the edge resistor (224) or the corner resistor (234) is 100-200 ohms.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and particularly relates to a VHF (very high frequency) band tightly-coupled planar dipole array antenna.

Background

In the VHF band, the physical size of the array antenna is large due to the long wavelength, and in the prior art, the VHF band array antenna is mostly used for ground equipment, and is usually a large fixed or vehicle-mounted array. The size and weight of a load are strictly limited by an airborne platform and a satellite-borne platform, and the design of the VHF wave band ultra-wideband array antenna needs to meet not only the bandwidth requirement, but also the limitation of a system platform on the height and the transverse size of the antenna section. In the prior art, very few VHF band ultra-wideband array antennas are applied to airborne and spaceborne platforms, and the main reason is that the section height of an ultra-wideband array formed by log-periodic antennas and the like as units is more than one time of low-frequency wavelength. The Vivaldi array antenna has a cross-sectional height of 0.5 low-frequency wavelength or more.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the application problem of the VHF waveband ultra-wideband phased array antenna under the condition that the size and the weight of a platform on a load are strictly limited, the invention provides the VHF waveband low-profile ultra-wideband tightly-coupled dipole array antenna.

A VHF band tightly-coupled planar dipole array antenna comprises a reflecting plate 1 and a dual-polarized dipole antenna array 2, wherein the dual-polarized dipole antenna array 2 is fixedly arranged on the reflecting plate 1, and the reflecting plate 1 is a metal plate;

the dual-polarized dipole antenna array 2 comprises more than one middle unit 21, more than four edge units 22 and four corner units 23, wherein the middle unit 21, the edge units 22 and the corner units 23 are all printed on one side surface of a dielectric slab;

the medium plate is a rectangular plate; more than one middle unit 21 is uniformly distributed in the middle of the dielectric plate, more than four edge units 22 are uniformly distributed around the more than one middle unit 21, and four corner units 23 are respectively arranged on four corners of the dielectric plate;

the middle unit 21 comprises four middle antenna arms 211 and four metal sheets 212; the four middle antenna arms 211 are arranged in a cross shape to form two pairs of middle dipoles; the four metal sheets 212 are arranged on the other side surface of the dielectric plate, respectively correspond to the tail ends of the four middle antenna arms 211 and are partially overlapped with the tail ends;

the edge unit 22 includes three edge antenna arms 221, one long edge antenna arm 223, and three edge metal pieces 222; the three edge antenna arms 221 and the long edge antenna arm 223 are arranged in a cross manner to form two pairs of edge dipoles; three edge metal sheets 222 are arranged on the other side surface of the dielectric plate, respectively correspond to the tail ends of the three edge antenna arms 221, and are partially overlapped with the tail ends; the tail end of the long edge antenna arm 223 is electrically connected to the reflection plate 1;

the corner unit 23 comprises two corner antenna arms 231, two long corner antenna arms 233 and two corner metal sheets 232; two corner antenna arms 231 and two long corner antenna arms 233 are arranged in a cross to form two pairs of corner dipoles; two corner metal sheets 232 are arranged on the other side surface of the dielectric plate, respectively correspond to the tail ends of the two corner antenna arms 231 and partially coincide with the tail ends; the tail ends of the two long corner antenna arms 223 are respectively and electrically connected with the reflecting plate 1;

adjacent metal sheets 212 of adjacent intermediate cells 21 are directly electrically connected; gaps are formed between the tail ends of the middle antenna arms 211 of the adjacent middle units 21, and the capacitive coupling between the adjacent units is formed through the metal sheets 212;

the metal sheet 212 of the intermediate unit 21 is directly electrically connected to the edge metal sheet 222 of the adjacent edge unit 22; a gap is formed between the tail end of the middle antenna arm 211 of the middle unit 21 and the tail end of the edge antenna arm 221 of the adjacent edge unit 22, and capacitive coupling between the adjacent units is formed through the edge metal sheet 222;

the edge metal sheet 222 of the edge cell 22 is in direct electrical connection with the corner metal sheet 232 of the adjacent corner cell 23; a gap is formed between the edge antenna arm 221 of the edge cell 22 and the tail end of the corner antenna arm 231 of the adjacent corner cell 23, and capacitive coupling between the adjacent cells is formed through the corner metal sheet 232;

the work bandwidth of the VHF wave band tightly-coupled planar dipole array antenna is 3.5: 1, the active standing wave is less than 3 and the height of the antenna section is 0.1 low-frequency wavelength in the frequency band of 100-350 MHz.

The technical scheme for further limiting is as follows:

four middle antenna arms 211 of the middle unit 21 are uniformly distributed on one side surface of the dielectric plate in a cross shape, and two pairs of middle antenna arms 211 respectively form feed gaps at the center of the dipole unit; four metal sheets 212 corresponding to the four middle antenna arms 211 are uniformly distributed on the other side surface of the dielectric plate, and the four metal sheets 212 are respectively positioned at the tail ends of the four middle antenna arms 211 and are partially overlapped with the tail ends.

Three edge antenna arms 221 and a long edge antenna arm 223 of the edge unit 22 are uniformly distributed on one side surface of the dielectric plate in a cross shape, the two edge antenna arms 221 form a feed gap at the center of the dipole unit, and the one edge antenna arm 221 and the long edge antenna arm 223 form a feed gap at the center of the dipole unit; three edge metal sheets 222 corresponding to the three edge antenna arms 221 are uniformly distributed on the other side surface of the dielectric plate, and the three edge metal sheets 222 are respectively positioned at the tail ends of the three edge antenna arms 221 and are partially overlapped with the tail ends; the long edge antenna arm 223 is an L-shaped antenna arm, and the tail end of the long edge antenna arm 223 extends downward along the edge of the dielectric plate and is electrically connected to the reflection plate 1.

Two corner antenna arms 231 and two long corner antenna arms 233 of the corner unit 23 are uniformly distributed on one side surface of the dielectric plate in a cross shape, and the corner antenna arms 231 and the long corner antenna arms 233 form a feed gap in the center of the dipole unit; two corner metal sheets 232 are uniformly distributed on the other side surface of the dielectric plate, and the two corner metal sheets 232 are respectively positioned at the tail ends of the two corner antenna arms 231 and are partially overlapped with the tail ends; the two long corner antenna arms 233 are L-shaped antenna arms, and the tail ends of the two long corner antenna arms 233 extend downward along the edge of the dielectric plate and are electrically connected to the reflection plate 1.

An edge resistor 224 is connected in series between the long and short arms of the long edge antenna arm 223.

A corner resistor 234 is connected in series between the long and short arms of the long corner antenna arm 233.

The resistance value of the edge resistor 224 or the corner resistor 234 is 100-200 ohms.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:

1. compared with the traditional ultra-wideband unit, such as a log-periodic antenna array, the array antenna has low section height, only has 0.1 low-frequency wavelength, and meets the space size limitation requirement of the VHF band array antenna used on airborne platforms, satellite-borne platforms and other platforms.

2. Due to the space limitation of the airborne platform and the strong mutual coupling among the antenna units, the truncation effect of the limited-electric-size tightly-coupled array antenna is strong. The invention adopts the structural form that the long edge antenna arm of the edge unit of the array antenna is extended, the long corner antenna arm of the corner unit is extended and directly connected with the reflecting plate after being bent, and the long corner antenna arm of the corner unit is extended and directly connected with the reflecting plate after being bent, so as to improve the truncation effect of the array antenna.

3. The invention connects resistors in series on the long edge antenna arm of the edge unit and the long corner antenna arm of the corner unit of the array antenna, thereby further improving the truncation effect of the array antenna.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the intermediate unit 21;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the edge unit 22;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the corner unit 23;

fig. 5 is a front view of the intermediate unit 21;

fig. 6 is a front view of the edge cell 22 with the antenna arm 223 deployed;

fig. 7 is a front view of the unfolded corner element 23 of the antenna arm 233;

fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the edge unit 22 with the antenna arm 223 connected in series with the resistor 224;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the corner unit 23 of the antenna arm 233 connected in series with the resistor 234;

FIG. 10 is a plot of the active standing wave of a cell in an array of 3x3 cells;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an array of 8 × 8 cells;

FIG. 12 is a graph of the active standing wave curve and gain profile of a cell in an array of 8x8 cells;

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of an array of 8x8 cells with resistors connected in series between edge cells and corner cells;

fig. 14 is a graph of the active standing wave curve and gain curve of a cell in an array of 8x8 cells with resistors connected in series between edge cells and corner cells.

Sequence numbers in the upper figure: reflector plate 1, dual-polarized dipole antenna array 2, middle element 21, edge element 22, corner element 23, middle antenna arm 211, metal sheet 212, edge antenna arm 221, edge metal sheet 222, long edge antenna arm 223, corner antenna arm 231, corner metal sheet 232, long corner antenna arm 233, edge resistor 224, corner resistor 234.

Detailed Description

The invention will now be further described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.