阅读说明：本技术 一种脱模成型的钧瓷及其制备方法 (Jun porcelain formed by demolding and preparation method thereof ) 是由 张军召 于 2019-09-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种脱模成型的钧瓷,包括坯体和釉料,所述坯体由陶瓷泥浆高压脱模成型,所述陶瓷泥浆包含：滑石,长石,高岭土,羧甲基纤维素；釉料包括黑底釉和金点釉,所述黑底釉釉料的制备步骤如下：将称取好黄长石,白长石,滑石,草木灰,铁矿石,镁矿石,磷酸钙,青碱,高岭土,黑药,粉碎后放入球磨机中进行球磨,加水使得釉料的质量浓度达到45-52%,湿磨5-8h,细度达到200目；所述金点釉釉料的制备步骤如下：将称取好的黄长石,钠长石,高岭土,份碱石,滑石,石英,骨灰,铁矿石,兰粉,加入水使得釉料的质量浓度达到48-56%,湿磨10-13h,细度达到200目。本方案新产品工艺研发对于钧瓷的开发具有重要意义,填补了钧瓷釉色品种的空白。(The invention discloses a demoulding-formed Jun porcelain, which comprises a blank body and glaze, wherein the blank body is formed by ceramic slurry through high-pressure demoulding, and the ceramic slurry comprises: talc, feldspar, kaolin, carboxymethyl cellulose; the glaze comprises black ground glaze and gold dot glaze, and the preparation steps of the black ground glaze are as follows: grinding the weighed melilite, albite, talc, plant ash, iron ore, magnesium ore, calcium phosphate, green alkali, kaolin and black powder, putting the ground materials into a ball mill for ball milling, adding water to enable the mass concentration of glaze to reach 45-52%, carrying out wet milling for 5-8h, and enabling the fineness to reach 200 meshes; the preparation steps of the gold dot glaze material are as follows: adding water into the weighed melilite, albite, kaolin, alkali stone, talc, quartz, bone ash, iron ore and blue powder to ensure that the mass concentration of glaze reaches 48-56%, wet grinding for 10-13h and the fineness reaches 200 meshes. The technical development of the novel product has important significance for the development of the Jun porcelain, and the blank of the Jun porcelain glaze color variety is filled.)

1. The utility model provides a drawing of patterns fashioned jun porcelain which characterized in that: the ceramic body is formed by ceramic slurry through high-pressure demoulding, and the ceramic slurry comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of talc, 10-15 parts of feldspar, 15-25 parts of kaolin and 3-8 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose; the glaze comprises black ground glaze and gold dot glaze, and the preparation steps of the black ground glaze are as follows: weighing 30-40 parts of melilite, 14-18 parts of albite, 20-30 parts of talc, 10-12 parts of plant ash, 3-5 parts of iron ore, 6-8 parts of magnesium ore, 6-8 parts of calcium phosphate, 3-8 parts of green alkali, 2-5 parts of kaolin and 5-8 parts of black powder, crushing, putting into a ball mill for ball milling, adding water to enable the mass concentration of glaze to reach 45-52%, wet milling for 5-8h, and enabling the fineness to reach 200 meshes to obtain slurry; the preparation steps of the gold dot glaze material are as follows: weighing 16-18 parts of melilite, 6-8 parts of albite, 1-2 parts of kaolin, 1-1.5 parts of alkali stone, 1-2 parts of talcum, 0.8-1.2 parts of quartz, 1.5-2 parts of bone ash, 1.2-1.5 parts of iron ore and 1.2-1.8 parts of blue powder, adding water to enable the mass concentration of glaze to reach 48-56%, wet-grinding for 10-13h, and enabling the fineness to reach 200 meshes to obtain slurry.

2. The demolded-formed Jun porcelain according to claim 1, wherein: in the black ground glaze material, 32-35 parts of melilite, 15-16 parts of white feldspar, 22-25 parts of talc, 10 parts of plant ash, 3.5 parts of iron ore, 7 parts of magnesium ore, 7 parts of calcium phosphate, 5 parts of sodium cyanine, 4 parts of kaolin and 6 parts of black powder.

3. The demolded-formed Jun porcelain according to claim 1, wherein: the blue powder is formed by firing cobalt oxide and Daqiong soil, and the mass ratio of the cobalt oxide to the Daqiong soil is 1: 6-8.

4. A method for producing the demolded-shaped Jun porcelain according to claim 1, characterized in that: taking raw materials of the green body according to the weight percentage, crushing the raw materials, putting the crushed raw materials into a ball mill, finely grinding the raw materials, sieving the crushed raw materials by a 200-mesh sieve, mixing the ground pug and water according to a certain ratio of 1:1, stirring the mixture for 60 to 80min, stirring the mixture in a degassing pool under the vacuum degree of-0.1 Mpa, carrying out vacuum degassing on the mixture, heating the slurry to 43 to 45 ℃, demoulding and forming the slurry under high pressure to obtain the green body, drying the green body, glazing the green body, and firing the green body under the reducing atmosphere.

5. The method for producing the demolded-molded Jun porcelain according to claim 4, characterized in that: pouring the slurry subjected to vacuum degassing and heating by using a mould of a high-pressure grouting machine, wherein the pouring time is 10-15min, the pouring pressure is 0.1Mpa, after pouring is finished, pressing the slurry, maintaining the pressure at 0.1-0.3Mpa for 1-2min, maintaining the pressure at 0.3-0.8 Mpa for 1-2min, maintaining the pressure at 0.8-1.5Mpa for 1-2min, maintaining the pressure at 1.5-3 Mpa for 2-5min, discharging residual slurry, and demolding to obtain a Jun porcelain blank.

6. The method for producing the demolded-molded Jun porcelain according to claim 4, characterized in that: placing the glazed blank body into a kiln, keeping a gap of 1-2cm slightly opened at a kiln door, starting ignition firing, raising the temperature in the kiln to 560 ℃ within 90min, then closing the kiln door, and keeping the temperature for 1-1.5 h; and (3) when the kiln temperature rises to 860 ℃, preserving heat for 2-3h, raising the kiln temperature to 1250 ℃, preserving heat for 3-5h, and cooling to obtain a finished product of the Jun porcelain.

7. The method for producing the demolded-molded Jun porcelain according to claim 6, characterized in that: in the temperature rising process, the temperature rising speed is 22-28 ℃/h.

8. The method for producing the demolded-molded Jun porcelain according to claim 6, characterized in that: in the cooling process, the temperature is reduced from 1250 ℃ to 900 ℃, the cooling speed is controlled to be 12 ℃ per minute, the temperature is reduced from 900 ℃ to 614 ℃, the cooling speed is controlled to be 2-2.5 ℃ per minute, the temperature is reduced below 614 ℃ for rapid cooling, and the cooling speed is controlled to be 3-5 ℃ per minute.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramic preparation processes, and particularly relates to a demoulded and formed Jun porcelain and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The Jun porcelain originates from east Han, is one of the five famous kiln porcelain in Song Dynasty, and is a treasure in the traditional porcelain making process of Han nationality, which is called national treasure and treasure. The porcelain is known as unique kiln transformation art, is vegetatively named as 'gold valuable jun non-valuable' and 'family is very popular, not as good as jun porcelain', and when the jun porcelain is manufactured, although the prior art has greatly progressed, the traditional sintering process of the jun porcelain comprises pre-sintering, oxidizing atmosphere sintering, reducing atmosphere sintering and final cooling process, the sintering process causes difficulty in sintering ideal jun porcelain products due to uncertain factors such as raw material factors, sintering temperature control and the like.

With the improvement of the technological level, on the basis of gradually solving the difficult problem of firing temperature control and the low qualification rate of finished products, new problems are faced, on one hand, people are extremely pursuit for the patterns and colors of Jun porcelain products, and on the basis of the firing of the existing Jun porcelain process, certain novel color and fancy glaze firing processes are explored, such as Jun porcelain with rust golden flower colored glaze, the appearance of the Jun porcelain is like dotted golden light dotted on an ironware, the appearance effect is attractive and elegant, the blank of the Jun porcelain process product of the golden flower colored glaze series is solved, great reference significance and scientific research value are provided for the development of new products of the Jun porcelain process, on the other hand, the traditional ceramic production process generally adopts a gypsum mold formed under low pressure, and the production mode has the defects of high labor intensity, long grouting time, high labor cost and the like, in order to improve the production efficiency, high-pressure forming equipment is provided in the prior art, which is completely different from the ordinary gypsum forming process, high grouting pressure is utilized to complete rapid forming, the forming period is shortened, meanwhile, the equipment can be combined with a mechanical arm, automation is gradually realized, and the labor cost is greatly reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a firing process of the demoulding-formed jun porcelain, the jun porcelain in the scheme belongs to a black glaze series, and a golden light spot effect is generated on the black glaze series jun porcelain, so that a new variety of the rust golden flower series jun porcelain is developed.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the Jun porcelain formed by demolding comprises a blank body and glaze, wherein the blank body is formed by ceramic slurry in a high-pressure demolding mode, and the ceramic slurry comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of talc, 10-15 parts of feldspar, 15-25 parts of kaolin and 3-8 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose; the glaze comprises black ground glaze and gold dot glaze, and the preparation steps of the black ground glaze are as follows: weighing 30-40 parts of melilite, 14-18 parts of albite, 20-30 parts of talc, 10-12 parts of plant ash, 3-5 parts of iron ore, 6-8 parts of magnesium ore, 6-8 parts of calcium phosphate, 3-8 parts of green alkali, 2-5 parts of kaolin and 5-8 parts of black powder, crushing, putting into a ball mill for ball milling, adding water to enable the mass concentration of glaze to reach 45-52%, wet milling for 5-8h, and enabling the fineness to reach 200 meshes to obtain slurry; the preparation steps of the gold dot glaze material are as follows: weighing 16-18 parts of melilite, 6-8 parts of albite, 1-2 parts of kaolin, 1-1.5 parts of alkali stone, 1-2 parts of talcum, 0.8-1.2 parts of quartz, 1.5-2 parts of bone ash, 1.2-1.5 parts of iron ore and 1.2-1.8 parts of blue powder, adding water to enable the mass concentration of glaze to reach 48-56%, wet-grinding for 10-13h, and enabling the fineness to reach 200 meshes to obtain slurry.

The scheme is further improved, and the black ground glaze comprises 32-35 parts of melilite, 15-16 parts of white feldspar, 22-25 parts of talc, 10 parts of plant ash, 3.5 parts of iron ore, 7 parts of magnesium ore, 7 parts of calcium phosphate, 5 parts of sodium cyanine, 4 parts of kaolin and 6 parts of black powder.

According to the scheme, the blue powder is formed by firing cobalt oxide and Daqiong soil, and the mass ratio of the cobalt oxide to the Daqiong soil is 1: 6-8.

The scheme also provides a method for preparing the demoulding-formed Jun porcelain, which comprises the steps of taking raw materials of a blank according to the weight percentage, crushing, putting the raw materials into a ball mill, finely grinding the raw materials and sieving the raw materials with a 200-mesh sieve, mixing ground pug and water according to a certain ratio of 1:1, stirring for 60-80min, stirring in a degassing pool under the vacuum degree of-0.1 mpa, carrying out vacuum degassing, heating the slurry to 43-45 ℃, demoulding and forming under high pressure to obtain the blank, drying, glazing, and firing under a reducing atmosphere.

The scheme is further improved, the slurry after vacuum degassing and heating is poured by a mould of a high-pressure grouting machine, the pouring time is 10-15min, the pouring pressure is 0.1Mpa, after the pouring is finished, the mud is pressed, the pressure is maintained at 0.1-0.3Mpa for 1-2min, the pressure is maintained at 0.3-0.8 Mpa for 1-2min, the pressure is maintained at 0.8-1.5Mpa for 1-2min, the pressure is maintained at 1.5-3 Mpa for 2-5min, the residual slurry is discharged, and the Jun porcelain blank is obtained after demoulding.

Further improving the scheme, after the glazed green body is placed in a kiln, keeping a gap of 1-2cm slightly opened at a kiln door, starting ignition firing, raising the temperature in the kiln to 500-560 ℃ within 90min, then closing the kiln door, and keeping the temperature for 1-1.5 h; and (3) when the kiln temperature rises to 860 ℃, preserving heat for 2-3h, raising the kiln temperature to 1250 ℃, preserving heat for 3-5h, and cooling to obtain a finished product of the Jun porcelain.

The scheme is further improved, and in the temperature rise process, the temperature rise speed is 22-28 ℃/h.

Further improving the scheme, in the cooling process, the cooling speed is controlled from 1250 ℃ to 900 ℃, the cooling speed is controlled from 12 ℃ per minute to 614 ℃, the cooling speed is controlled from 2-2.5 ℃ per minute, and the cooling speed is controlled below 614 ℃ for rapid cooling, and the cooling speed is controlled from 3-5 ℃ per minute.

The technical scheme has the following beneficial effects:

firstly, the Jun porcelain is simple and convenient in manufacturing process, rich in glaze color and natural in glaze surface through reasonable proportioning and temperature control, and the manufactured raw body is good in quality and high in production efficiency by adopting a high-pressure molding process of grading and boosting. In this scheme, adopt the mode of pressure boost step by step, promote the hydro-cylinder pressure of former's mud pressing process, carry out hierarchical progressively compaction to the body, can effectively reduce the crazing line production in the plain child production process, improve the mechanical properties of product, keep the stability of product model.

The glaze color effect of the rust golden flower is fired in the reducing atmosphere, the glaze consists of a ground color glaze and a gold point glaze, the raw materials and the processing requirements of the two components are different, so that the reactions generated in the firing process are different, in the ground glaze, the iron-magnesium element is used for coloring, the black powder, the iron ore and the magnesium ore are main coloring raw materials, the Jun porcelain glaze presents a black ground glaze color, and the calcium element plays an auxiliary melting role, so that the melting point of the glaze is reduced by the calcium phosphate, in the gold point glaze, the melilite is used as a main solvent, and the talc is used as a cosolvent of the glaze, is a hydrous magnesium silicate mineral, can effectively increase the opalescence of the glaze and enhance the stability of the Jun porcelain enamel, and the blue powder is also a coloring agent and is mainly formed by firing cobalt oxide and the same earth at a high temperature.

Thirdly, in the invention, a gradual step heating mode of back fire control is adopted, so that the Jun porcelain is subjected to furnace transmutation in a reducing atmosphere, and during cooling, cooling modes with different cooling speeds are adopted in different temperature stages, so that glaze cracking can be effectively prevented, and the obtained product has stable appearance quality and high yield.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the original characteristics, the achieved objects and the beneficial effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further explained by combining the specific embodiments.